CN113733272B - Flame-retardant moisture-proof super-strong shaving board and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Flame-retardant moisture-proof super-strong shaving board and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN113733272B
CN113733272B CN202111004054.1A CN202111004054A CN113733272B CN 113733272 B CN113733272 B CN 113733272B CN 202111004054 A CN202111004054 A CN 202111004054A CN 113733272 B CN113733272 B CN 113733272B
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wood shavings
shavings
parts
wood
weight
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CN113733272A (en
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蔡清源
李匀曦
李欣欣
刘明
林国利
张文治
吴治超
黎耀健
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GUANGXI FENGLIN WOOD INDUSTRY GROUP CO LTD
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GUANGXI FENGLIN WOOD INDUSTRY GROUP CO LTD
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/16—Inorganic impregnating agents
    • B27K3/20—Compounds of alkali metals or ammonium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/08—Impregnating by pressure, e.g. vacuum impregnation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/16—Inorganic impregnating agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/16—Inorganic impregnating agents
    • B27K3/18—Compounds of alkaline earth metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/16—Inorganic impregnating agents
    • B27K3/32—Mixtures of different inorganic impregnating agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
    • B27K3/38—Aromatic compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
    • B27K3/50—Mixtures of different organic impregnating agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/04—Combined bleaching or impregnating and drying of wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K2200/00—Wooden materials to be treated
    • B27K2200/15—Pretreated particles or fibres

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of artificial board manufacturing, and particularly discloses a preparation method of a flame-retardant moisture-proof super-strong shaving board, which comprises the following steps: preparing and screening wood shavings; activating in wood shaving activating solution and performing microwave activation; then pretreating in a regulator, wherein the regulator is prepared by mixing 75-90 parts of deionized water, 5-10 parts of sodium heavy alkylbenzene sulfonate or sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 1-4 parts of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, 2-5 parts of dodecyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether and 4-8 parts of kerosene and then carrying out high-speed shearing emulsification at 40-50 ℃; wood shavings are subjected to dipping modification; the wood shavings are dried, glued, paved, formed, preheated and pressed flatly to form the flame-retardant and moisture-proof super-strong shaving board. The flame-retardant fireproof material prepared by the invention has good flame-retardant fireproof performance, stable structure, good water resistance, good machining performance, high static bending strength and strong impact resistance.

Description

Flame-retardant moisture-proof super-strong shaving board and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of artificial board manufacturing, and particularly relates to a flame-retardant moisture-proof super-strong shaving board and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The shaving board is an artificial board made of wood or other wood fibers as raw materials through the steps of shaving preparation, drying and sorting, adhesive and other auxiliary agents application, paving, prepressing and hot press forming. With the development of economy and the improvement of the quality of life of people, the domestic customized furniture industry is rapidly developed, and the demand of the shaving board as a main base material of the customized furniture is increasing day by day. However, wood furniture has the defects of flammability, easy smoking due to combustion and water swelling due to the material characteristics of the wood furniture. Meanwhile, in the design of the traditional customized furniture, the strength of the shaving board is not enough, so that the shaving board is easy to deform under the condition of bearing a little pressure, and other materials are needed for matching and supporting. Therefore, how to improve the fire behavior of shaving board, reduce the shaving board and total smoke release volume in combustion process, reduce the thickness swelling rate that absorbs water of shaving board, improve the humidity resistance of shaving board, improve the mechanical strength of shaving board, be the problem that present wood-based plate manufacturing enterprise had a great need to solve.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a flame-retardant moisture-proof super-strong shaving board, and the prepared flame-retardant moisture-proof super-strong shaving board has good flame-retardant and fireproof performances, and is stable in structure, good in water resistance and high in static bending strength.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention provides a preparation method of a flame-retardant moisture-proof super-strong shaving board, which comprises the following steps:
(1) processing the wood chips into wood shavings, and screening the wood shavings into oversized shavings, large shavings, coarse shavings and fine shavings;
(2) soaking the large wood shavings and the oversized wood shavings in an activating solution for 5-10 min, taking out the activating solution which is a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and ammonia water, drying in vacuum, and then activating by microwaves to obtain the activated large wood shavings and the oversized wood shavings;
(3) soaking the activated large wood shavings and the activated oversized wood shavings in a regulator, taking out after the soaking is finished, and performing vacuum drying to obtain the pretreated large wood shavings and the oversized wood shavings; the regulator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 75-90 parts of deionized water, 5-10 parts of sodium heavy alkylbenzene sulfonate or sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 1-4 parts of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, 2-5 parts of dodecyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether and 4-8 parts of kerosene; the components are blended and then are subjected to high-speed shearing emulsification at the temperature of 40-50 ℃ to obtain the emulsion;
(4) putting the pretreated large wood shavings and oversized wood shavings into a modification solution A, wherein the modification solution A is a mixed aqueous solution of one or more of calcium chloride, calcium acetate and calcium gluconate, magnesium bicarbonate and magnesium nitrate; dipping for 2-4 h at 40-60 ℃ under negative pressure, taking out large wood shavings and oversized wood shavings after dipping is finished, and performing vacuum drying;
(5) placing the large wood shavings and the oversized wood shavings dried in the step (4) into a modification liquid B, soaking the modification liquid B in a mixed aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide and one or two of sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate at a temperature of 90-120 ℃ under negative pressure for 1-3 h, taking out the large wood shavings and the oversized wood shavings after the soaking is finished, and performing vacuum drying to obtain the modified large wood shavings and the oversized wood shavings;
(6) washing the modified big wood shavings and the modified super-large wood shavings with water, drying the modified big wood shavings, the modified super-large wood shavings, the unmodified rough wood shavings and the unmodified fine wood shavings to set water content, and then applying an adhesive and a waterproof agent step by step;
(7) paving the glued wood shavings in a multistage gradual change structure; the plate blank is preheated after being paved and formed, and then the flame-retardant damp-proof super-strong shaving board is obtained after being continuously pressed and formed.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the flame-retardant moisture-proof super-strong shaving board, in the step (2), the activating solution is a composite solution composed of 1-5 parts by weight of sodium hydroxide, 1-5 parts by weight of an ammonia water solution and 90-98 parts by weight of water, wherein the mass percentage concentration of the ammonia water solution is 15% -30%; the ratio of the using amount of the activating solution to the total mass of the large wood shavings and the extra large wood shavings is 100: 2-8.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the flame-retardant moisture-proof ultra-strong shaving board, in the step (3), the ratio of the dosage of the regulator to the total mass of the activated large shavings and the activated ultra-large shavings is 100: 8-12.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the flame-retardant moisture-proof super-strong shaving board, in the step (4), the modification liquid A is a mixed solution of 65-80 parts by weight of deionized water, 15-20 parts by weight of calcium chloride, 0-5 parts by weight of calcium gluconate, 0-5 parts by weight of calcium acetate, 5-8 parts by weight of magnesium bicarbonate and 1-4 parts by weight of magnesium nitrate; the ratio of the using amount of the modification liquid A to the total mass part of the pretreated large wood shavings and the oversized wood shavings is 100: 2-5.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the flame-retardant moisture-proof super-strong shaving board, in the step (5), the modification liquid B is a mixed solution of 60-80 parts by weight of deionized water, 10-30 parts by weight of sodium carbonate, 5-15 parts by weight of potassium carbonate, 0-5 parts by weight of ammonia water and 5-12 parts by weight of sodium hydroxide; the ratio of the amount of the modification liquid B to the total mass part of the large wood shavings and the extra large wood shavings for pretreatment is 100: 4-8.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the flame-retardant moisture-proof ultra-strong shaving board, in the step (6), the water content is 3-10%.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the flame-retardant and moisture-proof ultra-strong shaving board, in the step (6), the adhesive is one or more of isocyanate, melamine modified urea-formaldehyde resin, polyacrylic emulsion, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl acetate, and the ratio of the application amount of the adhesive to the total mass of wood shavings for preparing the shaving board is 3.5-12: 100; the waterproof agent is one or more of paraffin emulsion, molten paraffin, organic siloxane and aluminate, and the application amount of the waterproof agent is 2-3: 100 of the total mass of wood shavings for preparing the shaving board.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the flame-retardant moisture-proof ultra-strong shaving board, the length of the ultra-large shavings is 60-80 mm, the length of the large shavings is 40-59 mm, the length of the rough shavings is 20-39 mm, and the length of the fine shavings is less than 20 mm.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the flame-retardant moisture-proof ultra-strong shaving board, in the step (1), the wood chips are obtained by chipping wood raw materials, wherein the wood raw materials comprise one or more of eucalyptus, poplar, pine and hardwood; the wood chips are screened according to sizes before processing, the wood chips with different size ranges are separated, wherein the wood chips with the length size of 40-80 mm are processed into wood shavings by a ring type long material flaker, and the wood chips with the length size of less than 40mm are processed into the wood shavings by a common flaker.
The shaving board prepared by the preparation method of the flame-retardant moisture-proof ultra-strong shaving board.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the flame-retardant moisture-proof super-strong shaving board has the advantages of strong flame retardant property, smoke suppression property, good water resistance, uniform profile density distribution, stable structure, improved mechanical properties such as static bending strength (the static bending strength of a 18mm standard shaving board is more than 18MPa), internal bonding strength, strong impact resistance and the like, and is favorable for popularization and application of the shaving board.
2. The wood shavings are screened into oversized shavings and large shavings, the oversized shavings and the large shavings are activated by using the activation liquid consisting of sodium hydroxide and ammonia water, and the combination strength of partial chemical components of the wood chips can be effectively reduced by high solubility of the activation liquid to lignin in the wood chips, so that the structures of the wood chips become loose, and the passages among cell walls are enlarged. The dried wood shavings are further activated by microwave treatment, so that cracks and gaps are generated on the wood cell walls, and a subsequent modifier can conveniently enter the cells to modify the wood shavings.
3. After the wood shavings are subjected to activation treatment and conditioning agent pretreatment, the wood shavings are soaked in a modification liquid A, the modification liquid A enters the interior of activated wood shavings wood cells in a negative pressure soaking mode, then the wood shavings are placed in a modification liquid B, and the modification liquid B reacts with calcium ions and magnesium ions attached to the cell cavities under negative pressure and a certain temperature, so that stable aragonite calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide crystals are generated in the cells. Magnesium hydroxide is easily decomposed by heating to generate magnesium oxide and water, which are decomposed to absorb heat and isolate air, and calcium carbonate is not easily decomposed at low temperature, but can prevent fire from spreading, and is a good heat-absorbing material to indirectly play a role of a flame retardant. The calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide are located in the wood cell cavities, and the water access to the cell cavities is blocked, so that the water resistance of the board is improved, and the internal bonding strength and static bending strength of the particle board are improved.
4. The wood shavings are subjected to modification pretreatment by using a regulator before being soaked in a modification liquid, wherein the regulator is formed by emulsifying a surfactant, water and kerosene, the surfactant is tightly combined with hydrophilic groups in a wood cell cavity through hydrogen bonds and hydroxyl groups, when the wood shavings are placed in the modification liquid, calcium carbonate nucleates on a water-oil interface of the inner wall of a cell, crystal nucleus clusters are relatively and firmly fixed on the surface of a cell wall, in a grain hole and in a gap generated after microwave treatment by the surfactant, and calcium carbonate crystals grow rapidly at the positions so as to prevent water from entering the cell cavity through the channels. Meanwhile, the surfactant has a promoting effect on the conversion of the calcium carbonate crystals from an unstable and loose vaterite type to a stable and compact aragonite type calcium carbonate crystal, so that the mechanical property and the flame retardant property of the wood shavings are further enhanced.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention is provided, but it should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Example 1
A preparation method of a flame-retardant moisture-proof super-strong shaving board comprises the following steps:
(1) chipping eucalyptus wood raw materials to obtain wood chips, screening the wood chips, screening out the wood chips with the length dimension of 40-80 mm and the length dimension of below 40mm, processing the wood chips with the length dimension of 40-80 mm into wood shavings by adopting a ring type long wood flaker, processing the wood chips with different dimensions into wood shavings by adopting a common flaker, and processing the wood chips with the length dimension of below 40mm into wood shavings by adopting a common flaker;
arranging a secondary vibrating screen at a wood shaving discharge port of a ring type long material flaker, wherein the apertures of the secondary vibrating screen are respectively 20mm multiplied by 60mm and 10mm multiplied by 40mm, and respectively screening oversized shavings, large shavings, coarse shavings and fine shavings, wherein the oversized shavings are 60-80 mm in length, the large shavings are 40-59 mm in length, the coarse shavings are 20-39 mm in length, and the fine shavings are less than 20mm in length;
(2) soaking big wood shavings and oversized wood shavings in activating solution for 5min, taking out after soaking, putting into a vacuum drying oven, vacuum drying at 103 deg.C, and then using frequency of 915MHz, power density of 60 kW.h/m3Performing microwave activation for 120s under the condition to obtain activated large shavings and super large shavings;
the activating solution is a composite solution consisting of 5 parts of sodium hydroxide, 5 parts of ammonia water solution and 90 parts of water in parts by weight, the mass percentage concentration of the ammonia water solution is 20%, and the ratio of the using amount of the activating solution to the total mass of the large wood shavings and the oversized wood shavings is 20: 1;
(3) soaking the activated big wood shavings and the super-large wood shavings in a regulator for 20min, taking out, and then placing in a vacuum drying oven for vacuum drying at 103 ℃ to obtain pretreated big wood shavings and super-large wood shavings;
the regulator is an emulsion prepared by mixing 80 parts of deionized water, 10 parts of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (SDBS), 1 part of Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB), 3 parts of dodecyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether (OP-10) and 6 parts of kerosene and emulsifying the mixture for 2min at the speed of 10000rmp by a high-shear emulsifying machine at the temperature of 50 ℃; the ratio of the dosage of the regulator to the total mass of the activated large wood shavings and the activated extra large wood shavings is 25: 2;
(4) placing the pretreated large wood shavings and oversized wood shavings into the modification solution A, soaking for 2h at 50 ℃ under negative pressure, taking out, and then placing into a vacuum drying oven for drying at 103 ℃;
the modified solution A is a composite solution consisting of 70 parts by weight of deionized water, 20 parts by weight of calcium chloride, 5 parts by weight of magnesium bicarbonate, 3 parts by weight of magnesium nitrate and 2 parts by weight of calcium acetate; the ratio of the using amount of the modification liquid A to the total mass part of the pretreated large wood shavings and the oversized wood shavings is 30: 1; the formation of subsequent calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide crystals is facilitated by adopting the mixing of various calcium ion solutions and magnesium ion solutions, and organic cations such as gluconate or acetate can promote the stable formation of the calcium carbonate crystals in the crystal formation process;
(5) placing the dried big wood shavings and the super-large wood shavings obtained in the step (4) into a modification liquid B, soaking the big wood shavings and the super-large wood shavings for 2 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃ under negative pressure of-0.05 MPa (the pressure difference between the big wood shavings and the super-large wood shavings is 0.05MPa), taking out the big wood shavings and the super-large wood shavings after the soaking is finished, and performing vacuum drying to obtain the modified big wood shavings and the super-large wood shavings;
the modified solution B is a composite solution consisting of 70 parts by weight of deionized water, 15 parts by weight of sodium carbonate, 5 parts by weight of potassium carbonate, 3 parts by weight of ammonia water and 7 parts by weight of sodium hydroxide; the mass part ratio of the using amount of the modification liquid B to the wood shavings for preparing the shaving board is 14: 1;
(6) washing the modified big wood shavings and the modified super-large wood shavings with water, drying the modified big wood shavings and the modified super-large wood shavings until the water content is 8%, and drying the coarse wood shavings and the super-large wood shavings until the water content is 10%;
(7) applying an adhesive and a waterproof agent to the oversized wood shavings and the large wood shavings step by adopting a drum-type glue mixer internally provided with 6 atomization spraying modules, and applying the adhesive and the waterproof agent to the coarse wood shavings and the fine wood shavings step by adopting a high-speed ring-type glue mixer;
the adhesive is isocyanate (MDI), and the mass part ratio of the adhesive to wood shavings for preparing the shaving board is 3.5: 100; the weight ratio of the waterproof agent to the wood shavings for preparing the shaving board is 1: 50;
(8) the method comprises the following steps of paving super-large wood shavings, coarse wood shavings and fine wood shavings in a multistage gradual change structure by adopting three-stage paving forming equipment, paving surface layers and core layers of shaving boards in an air flow-mechanical combined paving mode and a mechanical paving mode respectively by adopting a wood shavings slab structure which is designed to be a surface-core-surface gradual change structure, pre-pressing the shaving boards by using a pre-pressing roller after each layer of paving is finished, paving the wood shavings on the surface layers in an air flow-mechanical combined mode, and configuring multistage material-distributing diamond rollers; the core layer wood shavings are mechanically paved and matched with a multi-stage wood shavings feeding and throwing roller;
(9) the plate blank is formed by continuous hot-pressing after being paved and formed, and the hot-pressing technological parameters are as follows: and the hot pressing temperature is 160 ℃, the hot pressing time is 5min, and the hot pressing pressure is 7MPa, so that the flame-retardant moisture-proof super-strong shaving board is obtained.
Example 2
A preparation method of a flame-retardant moisture-proof super-strong shaving board comprises the following steps:
(1) chipping eucalyptus wood raw materials to obtain wood chips, screening the wood chips, screening out the wood chips with the length dimension of 40-80 mm and the length dimension of below 40mm, processing the wood chips with the length dimension of 40-80 mm into wood shavings by adopting a ring type long wood flaker, processing the wood chips with different dimensions into wood shavings by adopting a common flaker, and processing the wood chips with the length dimension of below 40mm into wood shavings by adopting a common flaker;
arranging a secondary vibrating screen at a wood shaving discharge port of a ring type long material flaker, wherein the apertures of the secondary vibrating screen are respectively 20mm multiplied by 60mm and 10mm multiplied by 40mm, and respectively screening oversized shavings, large shavings, coarse shavings and fine shavings, wherein the oversized shavings are 60-80 mm in length, the large shavings are 40-59 mm in length, the coarse shavings are 20-39 mm in length, and the fine shavings are less than 20mm in length;
(2) soaking big wood shavings and oversized wood shavings in activating solution for 5min, taking out after soaking, putting into a vacuum drying oven, vacuum drying at 103 deg.C, and drying at 900MHz frequency and 50 kW.h/m power density3Performing microwave activation for 140s under the condition to obtain activated large wood shavings and super large wood shavings;
the activating solution is a composite solution consisting of 5 parts of sodium hydroxide, 5 parts of ammonia water solution and 90 parts of water in parts by weight, the mass percentage concentration of the ammonia water solution is 20%, and the ratio of the using amount of the activating solution to the total mass of the large wood shavings and the oversized wood shavings is 20: 1;
(3) soaking the activated big wood shavings and the super-large wood shavings in a regulator for 30min, taking out the big wood shavings and the super-large wood shavings, and then placing the big wood shavings and the super-large wood shavings in a vacuum drying box for vacuum drying at 103 ℃ to obtain pretreated big wood shavings and super-large wood shavings;
the regulator is an emulsion prepared by mixing 85 parts of deionized water, 5 parts of sodium heavy alkylbenzene sulfonate, 1 part of Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB), 3 parts of dodecyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether (OP-10) and 6 parts of kerosene and emulsifying the mixture for 2min at the temperature of 45 ℃ at the speed of 10000rmp by a high-shear emulsifying machine; the ratio of the dosage of the regulator to the total mass of the activated large wood shavings and the activated extra large wood shavings is 25: 2;
(4) placing the pretreated large wood shavings and oversized wood shavings into the modification liquid A, soaking for 2 hours at 50 ℃ under negative pressure, taking out and then placing in a vacuum drying oven for drying;
the modified solution A is a composite solution consisting of 75 parts by weight of deionized water, 15 parts by weight of calcium chloride, 6 parts by weight of magnesium bicarbonate, 1 part by weight of magnesium nitrate and 3 parts by weight of calcium gluconate; the ratio of the using amount of the modification liquid A to the total mass part of the pretreated large wood shavings and the oversized wood shavings is 25: 1;
(5) placing the dried large wood shavings and the super large wood shavings obtained in the step (4) into a modification solution B, soaking for 2 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃ and the pressure of-0.05 MPa, taking out the large wood shavings and the super large wood shavings after the soaking is finished, and performing vacuum drying at the temperature of 103 ℃ to obtain modified large wood shavings and super large wood shavings;
the modified solution B is a composite solution consisting of 65 parts by weight of deionized water, 20 parts by weight of sodium carbonate, 10 parts by weight of potassium carbonate and 10 parts by weight of sodium hydroxide; the mass part ratio of the using amount of the modification liquid B to the wood shavings for preparing the shaving board is 18: 1;
(6) washing the modified big wood shavings and the modified super-large wood shavings with water, drying the modified big wood shavings and the modified super-large wood shavings until the water content is 5%, and drying the coarse wood shavings and the super-large wood shavings until the water content is 7%;
(7) applying an adhesive and a waterproof agent to the oversized wood shavings and the large wood shavings step by adopting a drum-type glue mixer internally provided with 6 atomization spraying modules, and applying the adhesive and the waterproof agent to the coarse wood shavings and the fine wood shavings step by adopting a high-speed ring-type glue mixer;
the adhesive is melamine modified urea-formaldehyde resin (MUF), and the mass part ratio of the amount of the adhesive to wood shavings for preparing the shaving board is 1: 10; the waterproof agent is molten paraffin, and the mass part ratio of the waterproof agent to wood shavings for preparing the shaving board is 3: 100;
(8) the method comprises the following steps of paving super-large shavings, coarse shavings and fine shavings by adopting a three-stage paving forming device in a multistage gradual-change structure mode, designing a shavings slab structure into a surface-core-surface gradual-change structure, paving surface layers and core layers of a shaving board in an air flow-mechanical combined paving mode and a mechanical paving mode respectively, setting a prepressing roller to prepress each layer of the shaving board after paving is finished, paving the shavings on the surface layers in an air flow-mechanical combined mode, and configuring a multistage material-distributing diamond roller; the core layer wood shavings are mechanically paved and matched with a multi-stage wood shavings feeding and throwing roller;
(9) the plate blank is formed by continuous hot-pressing after being paved and formed, and the hot-pressing technological parameters are as follows: and the hot pressing temperature is 160 ℃, the hot pressing time is 5min, and the hot pressing pressure is 7MPa, so that the flame-retardant moisture-proof super-strong shaving board is obtained.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the oversized and oversized wood shavings were not immersed in the activating solution and the other steps and process parameters were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the microwave activation was not performed on oversized and oversized shavings, and other steps and process parameters were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the oversized wood shavings and the large wood shavings are not dipped into the modification liquid A and the modification liquid B for modification treatment.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the activated oversized and oversized shavings were not subjected to conditioning agent impregnation treatment.
Comparative example 5
The preparation method of the particle board of the comparative example comprises the following steps:
(1) chipping eucalyptus wood raw materials to obtain wood chips, screening the wood chips, screening out the wood chips with the length dimension of 40-80 mm and the length dimension of below 40mm, processing the wood chips with the length dimension of 40-80 mm into wood shavings by adopting a ring type long wood flaker, processing the wood chips with different dimensions into wood shavings by adopting a common flaker, and processing the wood chips with the length dimension of below 40mm into wood shavings by adopting a common flaker;
arranging a secondary vibrating screen at a wood shaving discharge port of a ring type long material flaker, wherein the apertures of the secondary vibrating screen are respectively 20mm multiplied by 60mm and 10mm multiplied by 40mm, and respectively screening oversized shavings, large shavings, coarse shavings and fine shavings, wherein the oversized shavings are 60-80 mm in length, the large shavings are 40-59 mm in length, the coarse shavings are 20-39 mm in length, and the fine shavings are less than 20mm in length;
(3) drying the large wood shavings and the oversized wood shavings until the water content is 5%, and drying the coarse wood shavings and the oversized wood shavings until the water content is 7%;
(4) applying an adhesive and a waterproof agent to the oversized wood shavings and the large wood shavings step by adopting a drum-type glue mixer internally provided with 6 atomization spraying modules, and applying the adhesive and the waterproof agent to the coarse wood shavings and the fine wood shavings step by adopting a high-speed ring-type glue mixer;
the adhesive is melamine modified flame-retardant urea-formaldehyde resin, and the mass part ratio of the amount of the adhesive to wood shavings for preparing the shaving board is 1: 10; the waterproof agent is molten paraffin, and the mass part ratio of the waterproof agent to wood shavings for preparing the shaving boards is 3: 100;
the melamine modified flame-retardant urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive is prepared by adding 20% of calcium carbonate powder and 5% of magnesium hydroxide powder into a melamine modified urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive in a mixing manner, and uniformly stirring and applying;
(5) the method comprises the following steps of paving super-large wood shavings, coarse wood shavings and fine wood shavings in a multistage gradual change structure by adopting three-stage paving forming equipment, paving surface layers and core layers of shaving boards in an air flow-mechanical combined paving mode and a mechanical paving mode respectively by adopting a wood shavings slab structure which is designed to be a surface-core-surface gradual change structure, pre-pressing the shaving boards by using a pre-pressing roller after each layer of paving is finished, paving the wood shavings on the surface layers in an air flow-mechanical combined mode, and configuring multistage material-distributing diamond rollers; the core layer wood shavings are mechanically paved and matched with a multi-stage wood shavings feeding and throwing roller;
(6) the plate blank is formed by continuous hot-pressing after being paved and formed, and the hot-pressing technological parameters are as follows: and (3) hot pressing at 160 ℃, for 5min and under 7MPa to obtain the shaving board.
Comparative example 6
The market purchases a furniture-type shaving board used in a wet state of 18 mm.
Comparative example 7
The market purchases the fire-retardant ordinary type particle board used under 18mm dry state.
The performance of the flame-retardant and moisture-proof super-strong shaving board prepared in the embodiments 1-2 and the shaving board obtained in the comparative examples 1-7 are detected, indexes such as water absorption thickness expansion rate, internal bonding strength and static bending strength are detected respectively according to GB/T4897-.
Table 1 shows the results of the tests on the performance of the particleboard (18mm standard particleboard), and it can be seen from the results of examples 1 and 2The combustion performance is A2 grade, is obviously higher than that of comparative examples 1-7, and has good flame retardant property. The smoke producing toxicity of examples 1 and 2 are AQ2The grade is obviously higher than that of comparative examples 2-7, and the smoke suppression agent has good smoke suppression performance. The water absorption thickness expansion rate of the examples 1 and 2 is far lower than that of the comparative examples 1 to 7, and the moisture-proof and damp-proof performance is good. In addition, the internal bonding strength and the static bending strength of the examples 1 and 2 are also much higher than those of the comparative examples and the standard requirements, and the mechanical processing performance and the impact resistance are good.
Table 1 product Performance test data (18mm standard particle board)
Figure BDA0003236498380000101
Figure BDA0003236498380000111
In conclusion, the flame-retardant moisture-proof super-strong shaving board prepared by the preparation method has the advantages of good flame retardance and smoke suppression performance, stable structure, good water resistance, good machining performance, high internal bonding strength and strong impact resistance.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. A preparation method of a flame-retardant moisture-proof super-strong shaving board is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) processing the wood chips into wood shavings, and screening the wood shavings into oversized shavings, large shavings, coarse shavings and fine shavings;
(2) soaking the large wood shavings and the oversized wood shavings in an activating solution for 5-10 min, taking out the activating solution which is a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and ammonia water, drying in vacuum, and then activating by microwaves to obtain the activated large wood shavings and the oversized wood shavings;
(3) placing the activated large wood shavings and the activated oversized wood shavings into a regulator for dipping, and performing vacuum drying after dipping to obtain the pretreated large wood shavings and the oversized wood shavings; the regulator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 75-90 parts of deionized water, 5-10 parts of sodium heavy alkylbenzene sulfonate or sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 1-4 parts of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, 2-5 parts of dodecyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether and 4-8 parts of kerosene; the components are blended and then are subjected to high-speed shearing emulsification at the temperature of 40-50 ℃ to obtain the emulsion; the ratio of the dosage of the regulator to the total mass of the activated large wood shavings and the activated extra large wood shavings is 100: 8-12;
(4) placing the pretreated large wood shavings and oversized wood shavings into the modification liquid A, soaking for 2-4 h at 40-60 ℃ under negative pressure, taking out the large wood shavings and oversized wood shavings after soaking is completed, and performing vacuum drying; the modified solution A is a mixed solution of 65-80 parts by weight of deionized water, 15-20 parts by weight of calcium chloride, 0-5 parts by weight of calcium gluconate, 0-5 parts by weight of calcium acetate, 5-8 parts by weight of magnesium bicarbonate and 1-4 parts by weight of magnesium nitrate; the ratio of the amount of the modification liquid A to the total mass part of the pretreated large wood shavings and the oversized wood shavings is 100: 2-5;
(5) placing the large wood shavings and the oversized wood shavings dried in the step (4) into a modification liquid B, soaking for 1-3 h at 90-120 ℃ under negative pressure, taking out the large wood shavings and the oversized wood shavings after soaking is completed, and performing vacuum drying to obtain modified large wood shavings and oversized wood shavings; the modified solution B is a mixed solution of 60-80 parts by weight of deionized water, 10-30 parts by weight of sodium carbonate, 5-15 parts by weight of potassium carbonate, 0-5 parts by weight of ammonia water and 5-12 parts by weight of sodium hydroxide; the ratio of the using amount of the modification liquid B to the total mass part of the large wood shavings and the extra large wood shavings for pretreatment is 100: 4-8;
(6) washing the modified big wood shavings and the modified super-large wood shavings with water, drying the modified big wood shavings, the modified super-large wood shavings, the unmodified rough wood shavings and the unmodified fine wood shavings to set water content, and then applying an adhesive and a waterproof agent step by step;
(7) paving the glued wood shavings in a multistage gradual change structure; the plate blank is preheated after being paved and formed, and then the flame-retardant damp-proof super-strong shaving board is obtained after being continuously pressed and formed.
2. The preparation method of the fire-retardant moisture-proof ultra-strong shaving board as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the activating solution is a mixed solution composed of 1-5 parts by weight of sodium hydroxide, 1-5 parts by weight of ammonia water solution and 90-98 parts by weight of water, and the mass percentage concentration of the ammonia water solution is 15% -30%; the ratio of the using amount of the activating solution to the total mass of the large wood shavings and the extra large wood shavings is 100: 2-8.
3. The preparation method of the fire-retardant moisture-proof ultra-strong shaving board according to claim 1, wherein in the step (6), the water content is 3-10%.
4. The preparation method of the fire-retardant moisture-proof ultra-strong shaving board according to claim 1, wherein in the step (6), the adhesive is one or more of isocyanate, melamine modified urea-formaldehyde resin, polyacrylic emulsion, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl acetate, and the ratio of the application amount of the applied adhesive to the total mass of wood shavings for preparing the shaving board is 3.5-12: 100; the waterproof agent is one or more of paraffin emulsion, molten paraffin, organic siloxane and aluminate, and the application amount of the waterproof agent is 2-3: 100 of the total mass of wood shavings for preparing the shaving board.
5. The preparation method of the fire-retardant moisture-proof ultra-strong shaving board according to claim 1, wherein the length of the ultra-large shavings is 60-80 mm, the length of the large shavings is 40-59 mm, the length of the rough shavings is 20-39 mm, and the length of the fine shavings is less than 20 mm.
6. The preparation method of the fire-retardant moisture-proof ultra-strong shaving board according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the wood chips are obtained by chipping wood raw materials, wherein the wood raw materials are one or more of eucalyptus, poplar, pine and hardwood; the wood chips are screened according to sizes before processing, the wood chips with different size ranges are separated, wherein the wood chips with the length size of 40-80 mm are processed into wood shavings by a ring type long material flaker, and the wood chips with the length size of less than 40mm are processed into the wood shavings by a common flaker.
7. The particle board prepared by the method for preparing the flame-retardant moisture-proof ultra-strong particle board according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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CN112476682A (en) * 2020-12-03 2021-03-12 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 Microemulsion type wood and bamboo preservative and preparation method thereof
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102601833A (en) * 2012-02-08 2012-07-25 中南林业科技大学 Preparation method of microencapsulated phosphoric acid flame retardant
CN103254860A (en) * 2013-05-27 2013-08-21 新凯骅实业发展有限公司 UFIM adhesive and preparation method thereof and UFIM glued ecological plant fiber board and particle board
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