CN113732773A

CN113732773A - Spring floating pre-clamping structure

Info

Publication number: CN113732773A
Application number: CN202111141929.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王静波; 胡孟君; 金央君; 洪汪荣; 陆陈斌
Original assignee: Ningbo Xunhui Electric Appliance Co ltd
Current assignee: Ningbo Xunhui Electric Appliance Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-28
Filing date: 2021-09-28
Publication date: 2021-12-03

Abstract

The invention discloses a spring floating pre-clamping structure which comprises a fixed pressure head, a movable pressure head and a power cylinder, wherein the fixed pressure head and the movable pressure head are horizontally and coaxially arranged, and a spring floating pre-clamping mechanism for pushing the movable pressure head to apply pre-clamping force on a workpiece is arranged between the power cylinder and the movable pressure head; the spring floating pre-clamping mechanism consists of a floating sliding sleeve and a pressure spring; the movable pressure head is arranged at the front end of the floating sliding sleeve, and the pressure spring is pressed between the floating sliding sleeve and the cylinder body of the power cylinder; the front end of a cylinder rod of the power cylinder is fixedly provided with a driving screw which is used for pushing the movable pressure head to horizontally advance and is matched with the fixed pressure head to clamp a workpiece, the front end of the driving screw penetrates into a sleeve cavity of the floating sliding sleeve in a sliding manner, an expansion head body is formed at the front end of the driving screw, and a pre-clamping elastic movable space is reserved between the front end surface of the expansion head body and the movable pressure head. The invention has the advantages of safety, reliability, convenient operation and simple maintenance, and can effectively prevent the workpiece from falling before and after being clamped.

Description

Spring floating pre-clamping structure

Technical Field

The invention relates to the design and manufacturing technology of machine tool clamps, in particular to a clamping mechanism for positioning and clamping a workpiece, and particularly relates to a spring floating pre-clamping structure.

Background

Machine tool holders are tooling used in metal cutting operations to precisely locate and securely clamp the position of a workpiece. Under the drive of the development of the machine tool technology in the directions of high speed, high efficiency, precision, composition, intelligence and environmental protection, the clamp technology is developing in the directions of high precision, high efficiency, combination, universality and economy.

In the prior art, for a clamp for positioning and clamping a side surface, during clamping when a workpiece is placed or clamping is released after the workpiece is machined, the workpiece is often manually held due to dead weight, otherwise, the workpiece is easy to fall and damage, and personnel can be injured by crashing in severe cases, so that how to ensure that the workpiece cannot fall before and after clamping by using a side-push clamp is very important.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of the prior art and provides a spring floating pre-clamping structure which is safe, reliable, convenient to operate and simple to maintain and can effectively prevent workpieces from falling before and after clamping.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

a spring floating pre-clamping structure comprises a fixed pressure head, a movable pressure head and a power cylinder for providing clamping force, wherein the fixed pressure head and the movable pressure head are horizontally and coaxially arranged, and a spring floating pre-clamping mechanism for pushing the movable pressure head to apply pre-clamping force on a workpiece by utilizing spring force horizontally is arranged between the power cylinder and the movable pressure head; the spring floating pre-clamping mechanism consists of a floating sliding sleeve and a pressure spring; the movable pressure head is spirally arranged at the front end of the floating sliding sleeve, and the pressure spring is elastically pressed between the floating sliding sleeve and the cylinder body of the power cylinder; the front end of the cylinder rod of the power cylinder is fixedly provided with a driving screw which moves synchronously with the cylinder rod and is used for pushing the movable pressure head to horizontally advance to be matched with the fixed pressure head to clamp a workpiece, the front end of the driving screw penetrates into a sleeve cavity of the floating sliding sleeve in a sliding manner, an expansion head body in limit matching with the floating sliding sleeve is formed at the front end of the driving screw, and a pre-clamping elastic movable space is reserved between the front end surface of the expansion head body and the movable pressure head.

In order to optimize the technical scheme, the specific measures adopted further comprise:

the power cylinder is a single power cylinder or a single power hydraulic cylinder, the rear section of the power cylinder body is horizontally arranged in the left supporting seat, the fixed pressure head is fixedly arranged on the right supporting seat, and the central axis of the power cylinder rod is overlapped with the central axis of the fixed pressure head.

Foretell left side supporting seat passes through bolt fixed mounting at the left end of base plate top surface, and right branch seat passes through bolt fixed mounting at the right-hand member of base plate top surface.

The front end face of the left supporting seat is fixedly provided with a limiting block, a through hole is formed in a front-back through mode by the limiting block, and the through hole is composed of a guide sliding hole and a stepped hole formed by expanding the rear end; the stepped hole is matched with the front section of the cylinder body in a positioning and sleeving manner, the floating sliding sleeve and the pressure spring are both positioned in the guide sliding hole, and the floating sliding sleeve is matched with the guide sliding hole in a sliding and guiding manner.

The sleeve cavity of the floating sliding sleeve consists of a guide hole in sliding guide fit with the driving screw and an expanding hole communicated with the guide hole; an internal thread is processed on the inner wall of the front end of the diameter expanding hole, and an external thread which is spirally matched with the internal thread of the diameter expanding hole is processed on the movable pressure head; the step surface of the diameter expanding hole is in spacing fit with the inner annular surface of the expanding head body of the stop-beating screw.

The center of the front end face of the cylinder rod is provided with a threaded hole, the stop-beating screw is provided with a thread which is spirally connected with the threaded hole of the cylinder rod, and the front end face of the stop-beating screw expanding head body is provided with an inner hexagonal hole which is convenient for adopting an inner hexagonal wrench to screw the stop-beating screw.

The distance between the elastic movable spaces is 6.5 mm, and the distance between the fixed pressure head and the movable pressure head is 30 mm.

Compared with the prior art, the fixed pressure head and the movable pressure head are arranged horizontally and coaxially, the spring floating pre-clamping mechanism is arranged between the power cylinder and the movable pressure head and can push the movable pressure head to horizontally advance by utilizing spring force to apply a pre-clamping force to a workpiece placed between the movable pressure head and the fixed pressure head, so that the workpiece can be prevented from falling and being damaged by hand holding during clamping or when clamping is relieved after processing, and meanwhile, the two hands of workers can be relieved, the labor capacity is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the present invention in a free state;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the present invention in a pre-compacted state;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the present invention in a compacted state;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional structural view of the floating sliding sleeve of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional structural view of the tamp screw of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the stopper of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 to 7 are schematic structural views of the present invention.

Wherein the reference numerals are: the device comprises a workpiece J, an elastic movable space K, a bolt L, a distance S1, a distance S2, a fixed pressure head 1, a movable pressure head 2, a power cylinder 3, a cylinder body 31, a cylinder rod 32, a spring floating pre-clamping mechanism 4, a floating sliding sleeve 41, a guide hole 41a, an expanding hole 41b, a step surface 41c, a pressure spring 42, a tamping screw 5, an expanding head body 51, an inner annular surface 51a, an inner hexagonal hole 51b, a left supporting seat 6, a right supporting seat 7, a base plate 8, a limiting block 9, a guide sliding hole 9a and a step hole 9 b.

In the prior art, for a clamp clamped by horizontal side pushing, due to the self weight of a workpiece, when the workpiece is clamped or clamped after being machined, the workpiece needs to be manually held in order to prevent the workpiece from falling off, so that the labor capacity of workers is increased, and the workpiece is easy to damage due to falling off, so that the working efficiency is influenced. The invention discloses a spring floating pre-clamping structure which can apply a horizontal pre-clamping force on a workpiece J by utilizing spring force, so that the workpiece J does not need to be manually held in the clamping process or in the clamping releasing process after processing, thereby releasing both hands of people and improving the labor efficiency. The pre-clamping structure comprises a fixed pressure head 1, a movable pressure head 2 and a power cylinder 3 for providing clamping force, wherein the fixed pressure head 1 and the movable pressure head 2 are horizontally and coaxially arranged and are used for horizontally pushing, positioning and clamping a workpiece J laterally, so that the machining requirement of a machine tool is met. The power cylinder 3 is horizontally arranged on one side of the movable pressure head 2, and a spring floating pre-clamping mechanism 4 is arranged between the power cylinder 3 and the movable pressure head 2. The spring floating pre-clamping mechanism 4 can push the movable pressure head 2 to horizontally advance to apply pressure by utilizing the stored spring force, so that the movable pressure head 2 can apply a pre-clamping force on a workpiece J placed between the movable pressure head 2 and the fixed pressure head 1, thereby ensuring that the workpiece does not fall under the action of self weight in the clamping process or when the clamping is released after the processing, and further avoiding manual holding. As shown in fig. 2, the spring floating pre-clamping mechanism 4 of the present invention is composed of a floating sliding sleeve 41 and a pressure spring 42. The movable pressure head 2 is spirally arranged at the front end of the floating sliding sleeve 41, so that the movable pressure head and the floating sliding sleeve can synchronously move. The pressure spring 42 is elastically pressed between the floating sliding sleeve 41 and the cylinder body 31 of the power cylinder 3 and is matched with the cylinder rod 32 of the power cylinder 3. The spring force of the pressure spring 42 acts on the floating sliding sleeve 41, and the movable pressure head 2 is pushed to move by the floating sliding sleeve 41 to apply pre-tightening pressure. The front end of the cylinder rod 32 of the power cylinder 3 is fixedly provided with a stop bolt 5, and the stop bolt 5 can synchronously move along with the cylinder rod 32. The driving screw 5 advances when the cylinder rod 32 extends out and abuts against the movable pressure head 2, and is used for pushing the movable pressure head 2 to advance horizontally so as to cooperate with the fixed pressure head 1 to apply clamping force to the workpiece J, and firmly clamp and fix the workpiece J. The floating sliding sleeve 41 is formed with a through sleeve cavity, the front end of the plugging screw 5 penetrates into the sleeve cavity of the floating sliding sleeve 41 in a sliding manner, and the front end of the plugging screw 5 is formed with an expanding head body 51 which is in limit fit with the floating sliding sleeve 41. The limit fit between the driving screw 5 and the floating sliding sleeve 41 can compress the pressure spring 42 to store energy, and in a free state, the driving screw 5 can pull the floating sliding sleeve 41 through the expanding head body 51 to prevent the floating sliding sleeve 41 from coming out under the elastic force of the pressure spring 42. The free state here means a state in which no workpiece J is placed between the movable ram 2 and the fixed ram 1 (the state shown in fig. 1 and 2). In order to facilitate the placement of the workpiece J for pre-clamping, a pre-clamping elastic movable space K is left between the front end surface of the enlarged head body 51 and the movable pressing head 2.

In the embodiment, the power cylinder 3 of the invention is a single power cylinder or a single power hydraulic cylinder, the cylinder rod 32 of the power cylinder 3 can extend forwards under the action of air pressure or hydraulic pressure, and the resetting of the cylinder rod 32 is pulled to reset through a tension spring arranged in the power cylinder 3. As can be seen from fig. 2, the rear section of the cylinder body 31 of the power cylinder 3 is horizontally installed in the left support base 6, and the fixed ram 1 is fixedly installed on the right support base 7. After the power cylinder 3 is installed, the central axis of the rod 32 of the power cylinder 3 is overlapped with the central axis of the fixed pressure head 1 and the central axis of the driving screw 5.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the left support seat 6 is fixedly mounted at the left end of the top surface of the base plate 8 by four bolts L, and the right support seat 7 is fixedly mounted at the right end of the top surface of the base plate 8 by four bolts L.

In the embodiment of the invention, the front end face of the left support seat 6 is fixedly provided with the limit block 9, and the limit block 9 is used for limiting the installation position of the spring floating pre-clamping mechanism 4 and preventing the spring floating pre-clamping mechanism 4 from radially deviating. As shown in fig. 7, a through hole is formed through the stopper 9 in a front-rear direction, and the through hole is composed of a guide slide hole 9a and a stepped hole 9b formed by expanding the diameter of the rear end. The stepped hole 9b is positioned and sleeved with the front section of the cylinder 31, the floating sliding sleeve 41 and the pressure spring 42 are both positioned in the guide sliding hole 9a, and the floating sliding sleeve 41 is slidably and slidably matched with the guide sliding hole 9a, so that the floating sliding sleeve 41 can only move back and forth along the guide sliding hole 9a under the limitation of the guide sliding hole 9 a.

As shown in FIG. 5, the floating sliding sleeve 41 of the present invention has a sleeve cavity comprising a guide hole 41a slidably engaged with the tucking screw 5 and an enlarged diameter hole 41b communicating with the guide hole 41 a. An internal thread is processed on the inner wall of the front end of the diameter-expanding hole 41b, and an external thread which is in screw fit with the internal thread of the diameter-expanding hole 41b is processed on the movable pressure head 2. The step surface 41c of the diameter-expanding hole 41b is in spacing fit with the inner annular surface 51a of the expanding head body 51 of the stop screw 5.

In the embodiment, a threaded hole is formed in the center of the front end surface of the cylinder rod 32, and a front section of the tucking screw 5 is provided with a thread which is spirally connected with the threaded hole of the cylinder rod 32. As shown in fig. 6, an inner hexagonal hole 51b is also formed in the front end surface of the enlarged head body 51 of the setscrew 5. The inner hexagonal hole 51b can be conveniently screwed and fixed on the cylinder rod 32 by adopting an inner hexagonal wrench to rotate the stop bolt 5, and meanwhile, the stop bolt 5 is utilized to enlarge the limit fit between the head body 51 and the floating sliding sleeve 41, and the pre-tightening pressure of the pressure spring 42 can be adjusted.

In a free state, the distance S1 of the elastic moving space K is 6.5 mm, and the distance S2 between the fixed pressure head 1 and the movable pressure head 2 is 30 mm. The width of the inventive workpiece J was 31.5 mm.

When the invention is used, the base plate 8 is firstly fixed on a machine tool, when in clamping, one side of the workpiece J is used for jacking the movable pressure head 2 to ensure that the movable pressure head 2 pushes the floating sliding sleeve 41 to move backwards along the guide sliding hole 9a to compress the pressure spring 42 because the width of the workpiece J is 31.5 mm and the distance S2 between the fixed pressure head 1 and the movable pressure head 2 is 30 mm, and after the workpiece J is clamped, the pressure spring 42 utilizes the spring force to jack the floating sliding sleeve 41 to push the movable pressure head 2 to apply pre-clamping force to the workpiece J so as to pre-clamp the workpiece. After the workpiece J is pre-clamped (as shown in fig. 3), the workpiece J is subjected to a certain clamping force, so that manual holding is not needed at the moment. When the workpiece J is in the pre-clamping state, the space S1 of the elastic movement space K is 5 mm. When the workpiece J needs to be firmly clamped, the power cylinder 3 acts, the cylinder rod 32 drives the plug screw 5 to advance, and the plug screw 5 presses the movable pressure head 2 under the action of the cylinder rod 32 to clamp the workpiece J (as shown in FIG. 4). The workpiece J can be processed by the machine tool after being clamped, after the processing is finished, the air valve or the oil valve of the power cylinder 3 is controlled to be opened, the cylinder rod 32 drives the stopper screw 5 to reset under the pulling of the tension spring in the power cylinder 3, the clamping force exerted on the workpiece J disappears at the moment, but the workpiece J is still clamped by the pre-clamping force exerted on the workpiece J, so that the workpiece J can be prevented from falling off when the clamping force is lost.

While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated, various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a spring floats and presss from both sides tight structure in advance, is including fixed pressure head (1) and activity pressure head (2) and be used for providing power cylinder (3) of clamp force, characterized by: the fixed pressure head (1) and the movable pressure head (2) are horizontally and coaxially arranged, and a spring floating pre-clamping mechanism (4) which utilizes spring force to horizontally push the movable pressure head (2) to apply pre-clamping force to a workpiece (J) is arranged between the power cylinder (3) and the movable pressure head (2); the spring floating pre-clamping mechanism (4) consists of a floating sliding sleeve (41) and a pressure spring (42); the movable pressure head (2) is spirally arranged at the front end of the floating sliding sleeve (41), and the pressure spring (42) is elastically pressed between the floating sliding sleeve (41) and the cylinder body (31) of the power cylinder (3); the utility model discloses a quick-witted pressure head (1) that the tight work piece of stopper of tight work piece (J) is pressed from both sides to the stopper of moving head (2) level forward cooperation fixed pressure head (1) is fixed to jar pole (32) front end fixed mounting of power cylinder (3) is used for promoting along with jar pole (32) synchronous motion and beats screw (5), the stopper is beaten the front end of screw (5) and is penetrated in the cover chamber of floating sliding sleeve (41) with sliding sleeve (41) limit fit's expansion head body (51) with the front end shaping of this stopper, the front end face of expansion head body (51) and activity pressure head (2) between leave tight elasticity activity space (K) of clamp in advance.

2. The floating pre-clamping structure of a spring as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the power cylinder (3) is a single power cylinder or a single power hydraulic cylinder, the rear section part of a cylinder body (31) of the power cylinder (3) is horizontally arranged in the left supporting seat (6), the fixed pressure head (1) is fixedly arranged on the right supporting seat (7), and the central axis of a cylinder rod (32) of the power cylinder (3) is overlapped with the central axis of the fixed pressure head (1).

3. The spring floating pre-clamping structure as set forth in claim 2, wherein: left side supporting seat (6) pass through bolt (L) fixed mounting at the left end of bed plate (8) top surface, right branch supporting seat (7) pass through bolt (L) fixed mounting at the right-hand member of bed plate (8) top surface.

4. A spring floating pre-clamping structure as set forth in claim 3 wherein: a limiting block (9) is fixedly mounted on the front end face of the left supporting seat (6), a through hole is formed in the limiting block (9) in a front-back through mode, and the through hole is composed of a guide sliding hole (9a) and a step hole (9b) formed by expanding the rear end; the step hole (9b) is matched with the front section part of the cylinder body (31) in a positioning and sleeving manner, the floating sliding sleeve (41) and the pressure spring (42) are both positioned in the guide sliding hole (9a), and the floating sliding sleeve (41) is matched with the guide sliding hole (9a) in a sliding and guiding manner.

5. The spring floating pre-clamping structure as set forth in claim 4, wherein: the sleeve cavity of the floating sliding sleeve (41) consists of a guide hole (41a) which is in sliding guide fit with the plugging screw (5) and a diameter expanding hole (41b) communicated with the guide hole (41 a); an internal thread is processed on the inner wall of the front end of the diameter expanding hole (41b), and an external thread which is in spiral fit with the internal thread of the diameter expanding hole (41b) is processed on the movable pressure head (2); the step surface (41c) of the diameter expanding hole (41b) is in spacing fit with the inner annular surface (51a) of the expanding head body (51) of the stop-beating screw (5).

6. The spring floating pre-clamping structure as set forth in claim 5, wherein: a threaded hole is processed in the center of the front end face of the cylinder rod (32), a plug screw (5) is processed with threads which are spirally connected with the threaded hole of the cylinder rod (32), and an inner hexagonal hole (51b) which is convenient for adopting an inner hexagonal wrench to screw the plug screw (5) is processed on the front end face of the expanding head body (51) of the plug screw (5).

7. The spring floating pre-clamping structure as set forth in claim 6, wherein: the space (S1) of the elastic movable space (K) is 6.5 mm, and the distance (S2) between the fixed pressure head (1) and the movable pressure head (2) is 30 mm.