CN113732554B - Low-carbon microalloyed steel weldability evaluation method based on gas shielded flux-cored wire - Google Patents
Low-carbon microalloyed steel weldability evaluation method based on gas shielded flux-cored wire Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a low-carbon microalloyed steel weldability assessment method based on a gas shielded flux-cored wire, which sequentially comprises the following steps: selecting a test plate as a low-carbon microalloy steel plate; selecting a gas shielded flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.2 mm; the pair of test plates are subjected to butt welding at flat welding positions, the groove form is that one side of the front surface is a first V-shaped groove with a straight side, the other side of the front surface is a second V-shaped groove, the back surface is a third V-shaped groove and is provided with a ceramic liner, and when the thickness t of the steel plate is larger than 25mm, the groove surface of the second V-shaped groove deflects outwards to form a double V-shaped groove; welding in a consumable electrode gas shielded welding mode, wherein the heat input is 2.0-3.0 kJ/mm; after welding is completed, the crack tendency of the welding joint is observed and detected to evaluate the process weldability of the material, and the mechanical property detection of the welding joint is used to evaluate the service weldability of the material. The method gives consideration to both the requirements of process weldability and use weldability evaluation, and has universality for evaluation of the weldability of the low-carbon micro-alloy steel used in different fields.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a microalloyed steel welding technology, in particular to a low-carbon microalloyed steel weldability assessment method based on a gas shielded flux-cored wire.
Background
For an important engineering structure using low-carbon microalloy steel, welding is a key process of field installation and construction, the welding quality and efficiency also determine the quality and efficiency of an engineering project, and the quality of the field weldability of the low-carbon microalloy steel material directly influences the quality and safety service of a welded joint. In general, the weldability of a material includes process weldability, which mainly refers to the problem of avoiding welding defects during welding (including various types of welding crack sensitivity), and the ability to obtain a continuous and complete welded joint, and use weldability, which mainly refers to the use properties (including mechanical properties such as strength, plasticity, toughness, and the like) of a welded joint.
Recently, foreign high-grade pipeline users put forward the evaluation requirements of pipeline steel pipe field weldability under a certain welding heat input condition, including process weldability and use weldability, particularly, the test position of the low-temperature impact and fracture toughness of a welded joint needs to be accurately positioned in a theoretically weakest welding heat affected zone coarse crystal zone (CGHAZ), so that the embrittlement tendency of the material under a certain welding heat input condition is systematically evaluated. Here, for low-carbon microalloy pipeline steel with a certain specification, welding heat input has important influence on solid-state phase change and microstructure evolution of a welding joint, and further influences integral embrittlement and service safety of the joint. Therefore, low carbon microalloyed pipeline steel tends to exhibit different weldability under different welding heat input conditions.
At present, many methods for evaluating weldability, i.e., weld crack sensitivity, of a steel material process are available, such as: the ISO 17642-2 standard provides a TEKKEN test for evaluating the cold crack sensitivity of a plate, which is similar to the oblique Y-shaped groove welding crack test method described in GB 4675.1, welding of a small-scale test welding line is carried out under a high constraint condition, so that the cold crack sensitivity of a material under a certain welding condition is evaluated, however, the constraint condition of the evaluation method is too harsh, and the test welding line is a single welding line in an irregular shape, so that high welding residual stress exists, and cold cracks are more favorably induced. GB/T13817 provides a rigidity restraint welding crack test method, which completely fixes a test steel plate on a bottom plate with a very large thickness, residual stress cannot be released in the welding process, cold cracks are easily induced in a joint area, the method is also conservative, and the welding joint form is also greatly different from the common joint form of a low-carbon microalloy steel structure, and has no direct field construction welding guidance function. An improved oblique Y-shaped groove welding crack sensitivity test specimen disclosed in Chinese patent 201611208203.5 and a manufacturing method thereof, and a constrained weld manufacturing method for an oblique Y-shaped groove welding crack test disclosed in Chinese patent 201510012348.7 can only solve the problem of indirect evaluation of weldability under certain conditions. The above-mentioned patent and non-patent documents both focus on indirect evaluation of process weldability, and have a certain referential significance for on-site welding construction of low-carbon microalloy steel structures, but have no direct guidance, and mainly the use weldability cannot be considered, and the design form of joints and implementation details of welding process methods are greatly different from the construction welding conditions of the mainstream low-carbon microalloy steel structures.
Chinese patent 201410516996.1 discloses a method for welding steel plates for ocean platforms, which adopts a general K-shaped groove form, if the implementation process of the welding process is properly controlled, a fusion line with certain straightness on one side can be obtained after welding, and the requirements of CGHAZ position impact and fracture toughness sampling are met, but the method aims at the specific product structure of a super-thick plate (such as 50-150 mm), has no universality in various industrial fields, and does not relate to the straightness guarantee measure of the fusion line with straight edges on one side, the straightness of the fusion line after welding is easily guaranteed when the steel plate is thick, and the straightness of the fusion line is easily damaged by a welding pool when the steel plate is thin. Chinese patent 201510385434.2 discloses a CTOD test method for a large thick plate welding repair joint, and chinese patent 201510605044.1 discloses a welding repair CTOD test method, both of which have certain characteristics of a single-side straight-edge weld line even when the plate thickness is thick, but both of which belong to repair processing measures after defects are found in a finished product welded part, and cannot meet the requirements of low-carbon microalloyed steel with universality in a certain welding heat input range for simultaneously evaluating technological weldability and using weldability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a low-carbon microalloyed steel weldability assessment method based on a gas shielded flux-cored wire, which is characterized in that under the condition of a certain range of heat input, a welding joint with a good straightness of a single-side fusion line is obtained by optimally designing the groove form of a single-side straight edge, constructing welding process parameter combinations, controlling the inclination angle of a welding gun and the quality of a welding process, and the welding joint is observed and detected to assess the technological weldability and the use weldability of materials.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
a low-carbon microalloyed steel weldability assessment method based on a gas shielded flux-cored wire comprises the following steps:
selecting a test plate as a low-carbon microalloy steel plate;
selecting a gas shielded flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.2 mm;
step three, butt welding the flat welding positions of the pair of test plates, wherein the groove form is as follows: the testing plate comprises a front side, a first V-shaped groove with a straight edge, a bevel face of the first V-shaped groove forms an angle alpha with the central axis of the groove, a second V-shaped groove is arranged on the other side of the front side, a bevel face of the second V-shaped groove forms an angle beta with the central axis of the groove, a back side of the second V-shaped groove forms a third V-shaped groove, a bevel face of the third V-shaped groove forms an angle theta with the central axis of the groove, a ceramic liner is arranged on the back side of the groove, wherein alpha is 45-60 degrees, beta is 40-60 degrees, theta is 40-60 degrees, the minimum clearance a of the testing plate is 3-6 mm, the height c of the first V-shaped groove is 3-6 mm 1 3-6 mm, and the height b of the third V-shaped groove is 1.5-3 mm; when the thickness t of the steel plate is larger than 25mm, the bevel face of the second V-shaped groove deflects outwards and forms an angle gamma with the central axis of the groove to form a double V-shaped groove, wherein the angle gamma is 10-30 degrees, and the height c of the first V-shaped groove is 2 Is 3 ~ 8mm, and the downside V-arrangement groove height d and the steel sheet thickness t of two V-arrangement grooves satisfy the relational expression: t is 1/3 and d is 3/5;
step four, welding the test board in a consumable electrode gas shielded welding mode, wherein: the protective gas is a mixed gas of argon and carbon dioxide; the root welding adopts ceramic liner auxiliary forming; the welding technological parameters used for root welding and filling cover surface welding are as follows: the welding heat input E is 2.0-3.0 kJ/mm; the welding current is 240-300A, the welding voltage is 24-29V, the welding speed is 140-180 mm/min, and the combination of the welding current, the welding voltage and the welding speed can be matched with the welding heat input value required by the test on the premise of ensuring the welding seam forming quality; the swing width of the welding gun is within 2-4 mm from the edge of the groove; in the welding process, an included angle delta formed between a welding gun and the straight side of the first V-shaped groove is 5-30 degrees along the width direction of the groove;
and step five, obtaining a welding joint after welding, observing and detecting the crack tendency of the welding joint to evaluate the technological weldability of the material, and evaluating the service weldability of the material through the mechanical property detection of the welding joint.
And in the fifth step, the mechanical property detection comprises the detection of the low-temperature impact and the fracture toughness of the coarse crystal area of the welding heat affected zone adjacent to the single-side straight-edge fusion line.
And an arc-shaped groove is formed in the back of the ceramic liner, which is opposite to the groove.
The swing path of the welding gun in the fourth step is zigzag, the staying time of the welding gun on the straight side of the first V-shaped groove is 100-200 ms, and the staying time of the welding gun on the oblique side of the second V-shaped groove is 50-100 ms.
The protective gas in the fourth step is the mixed gas of argon and carbon dioxide, and the mixing ratio is Ar to CO 2 The gas flow rate is 18-25L/min, wherein the gas flow rate is 80: 20.
The low-carbon microalloy steel weldability assessment method based on the gas shielded flux-cored wire comprises the steps that firstly, under the condition that the heat input is 2.0-3.0 kJ/mm, the welding method of the thin-diameter gas shielded flux-cored wire has good representativeness in various industrial fields, and stable welding quality can be still realized in a relatively high heat input range by utilizing the characteristics of large welding current density and large size of a welding molten pool, so that the method has direct guiding significance for weldability assessment in different fields. Secondly, by optimally designing a special single-side straight-edge welding joint groove form, constructing and matching a scientific and reasonable welding process parameter combination (comprising welding current, welding voltage, welding speed and welding gun swinging mode), a welding gun inclination angle and welding process quality control, a welding joint with a single-side weld line with good straightness can be obtained, and the single-side straight-edge groove form is matched with the back surface to add a ceramic liner to assist in forming root welding, so that the defect that the penetration capacity of a gas protection flux-cored wire is weak can be overcome, the advantage of high welding current density of the flux-cored wire is fully utilized, and proper welding gun swinging is combined, so that the back surface weld line can be ensured to be uniformly spread and formed, heat can be dispersed, the welding defect can be avoided, the proper groove width can meet the welding gun swinging requirement, and the straight-edge side fusion quality can be ensured.
The present invention can evaluate the technological weldability of the material by observing and detecting the crack tendency of the welded joint. Through the detection of mechanical properties of a welding joint, particularly the detection of low-temperature impact and fracture toughness of a coarse grain zone (CGHAZ) of a welding heat affected zone adjacent to a single-side straight-edge fusion line, and the straightness of the single-side straight-edge fusion line can ensure that 80% of impact toughness sampling notch grooves are positioned in the CGHAZ, the use weldability of the material under a certain heat input condition can be evaluated, namely the evaluation requirements of process weldability and use weldability are considered at the same time, and the method has universality for the weldability evaluation of low-carbon microalloy steel used in different industries and fields in a given welding heat input range. Meanwhile, the characteristic of the single-side straight-edge fusion line ensures that the CGHAZ which is the weakest theoretically is positioned at the test position accurately in the impact toughness and fracture toughness sampling process, and compared with the actual welding condition of field installation construction, the invention has high safety margin and has important reference value for field safety construction and operation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the method has universal applicability, can simultaneously meet the evaluation requirements of process weldability and use weldability under the given heat input condition, and has the advantages of convenient implementation, flexible operation, low requirement on hardware equipment, low implementation cost and good reproducibility.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a welding joint groove form with a steel plate thickness not exceeding 25mm according to the low-carbon micro-alloy steel weldability assessment method based on a gas shielded flux-cored wire of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the present invention in the form of a weld joint groove having a steel plate thickness of more than 25 mm;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the inclination angle of the welding gun of the present invention in the direction along the width of the groove;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a specific weld joint groove form employed by an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, 1 test panel, 2 welding torch.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a low-carbon microalloyed steel weldability evaluation method based on a gas shielded flux-cored wire mainly aims at the occasion of 2.0 to 3.0kJ/mm welding heat input range related to various arc welding processes in various industrial fields, applies the gas shielded flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.2mm, combines the characteristics of a welding arc and a molten pool under given heat input conditions, constructs and matches welding process parameter combinations (including welding current, welding voltage, welding speed and welding gun swing mode), welding gun inclination angles and welding process quality control, particularly a weld line straightness control technology and the like by optimally designing a groove form of a single-side straight-edge welding joint suitable for the welding conditions, and obtains a welding joint with good quality and no defects, and comprises the following steps:
step one, selecting a test plate 1 as a low-carbon microalloy steel plate.
And step two, selecting a gas shielded flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.2 mm.
Step three, performing butt welding on the flat welding positions of the pair of test plates 1:
referring to fig. 1, when the thickness t of the steel plate is less than or equal to 25mm, the groove form is as follows: the testing plate comprises a front side, a first V-shaped groove with a straight edge, a bevel face of the first V-shaped groove forms an angle alpha with the central axis of the groove, a second V-shaped groove is arranged on the other side of the front side, a bevel face of the second V-shaped groove forms an angle beta with the central axis of the groove, a back side of the second V-shaped groove forms a third V-shaped groove, a bevel face of the third V-shaped groove forms an angle theta with the central axis of the groove, a ceramic liner is arranged on the back side of the groove, wherein alpha is 45-60 degrees, beta is 40-60 degrees, theta is 40-60 degrees, the minimum clearance a of the testing plate is 3-6 mm, the height c of the first V-shaped groove is 3-6 mm 1 3-6 mm, and the height b of the third V-shaped groove is 1.5-3 mm.
Referring to fig. 2, when the thickness t of the steel plate is more than 25mm, the groove form is as follows: one side of the front surface is a first V-shaped groove with a straight edge, the bevel face of the first V-shaped groove forms an angle alpha with the central axis of the groove, the other side of the front surface is a second V-shaped groove, the second V-shaped groove is a double V-shaped groove, the lower bevel face of the double V-shaped groove forms an angle beta with the central axis of the groove, the lower bevel face of the double V-shaped groove is deflected outwards to form an upper bevel face, the upper bevel face of the double V-shaped groove forms an angle gamma with the central axis of the groove, the back surface is a third V-shaped groove, the bevel face of the third V-shaped groove forms an angle theta with the central axis of the groove, and the back surface of the groove is provided with a ceramic gasket, wherein alpha is 45-60 degrees, beta is 40-60 degrees, gamma is 10-30 degrees, theta is 40-60 degrees, and the test board is 40-60 degreesThe minimum clearance a is 3-6 mm, and the height c of the first V-shaped groove 2 Is 3 ~ 8mm, and the downside V-arrangement groove height d and the steel sheet thickness t of second V-arrangement groove satisfy the relational expression: t is not less than t 1/3 and not more than t 3/5, and the height b of the third V-shaped groove is 1.5-3 mm.
By adopting the optimally designed welding joint groove form, the design requirement of a straight side on a single side is ensured, and meanwhile, the auxiliary forming root welding method of adding the ceramic liner on the back of the groove is adopted, so that the defect of weaker penetration capability of the gas shielded flux-cored wire can be overcome, and the advantages of large welding current density and large heat capacity of the gas shielded flux-cored wire are fully utilized, so that the welding heat input of the gas shielded flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.2mm can also reach the numerical range of 2.0-3.0 kJ/mm, the uniform spreading and forming of a back welding seam can be controlled, the welding gun swing requirement under the given heat input condition can be met through the proper width of the welding joint groove, and the fusion quality of the straight side is ensured.
And step four, welding the test plate 1 by adopting a gas metal arc welding mode, and constructing a welding process parameter combination according to the welding heat input E of 2.0-3.0 kJ/mm and the characteristics of large current density, high deposition speed, wide welding pool and weak penetration capacity of the gas-shielded flux-cored wire. The welding protective gas is a mixed gas of argon and carbon dioxide, and the mixing ratio is Ar to CO 2 The gas flow rate is 18-25L/min, wherein the gas flow rate is 80: 20.
The root welding adopts the special ceramic liner that has the arc recess to assist the shaping, and the arc recess is just to groove back center department, and the welding process parameter of root welding is the same with the used welding process parameter of filling the capping welding, and the welding process parameter includes welding current, welding voltage, welding speed and welder swing mode etc. wherein: the welding current is 240-300A, the welding voltage is 24-29V, the welding speed is 140-180 mm/min, and on the premise of ensuring the forming quality of a welding seam, the combination of the welding current, the welding voltage and the welding speed can be matched with the welding heat input condition required by the test. The welding gun is adopted to swing properly to improve the spreading and forming quality of the welding seam, and meanwhile, the heat under the corresponding heat input condition can be dispersed, so that the problems of welding beading, local cold welding and slag inclusion caused by the fact that the slag cannot float upwards in time due to the fact that a welding pool is not in time to solidify and aggregation and flowing are avoided. The swing path of the welding gun is in a zigzag shape, the swing width of the welding gun is within a range of 2-4 mm from the edge of the groove, the dwell time of the welding gun 2 on the straight side of the first V-shaped groove is 100-200 ms, and the dwell time of the welding gun 2 on the oblique side of the second V-shaped groove is 50-100 ms, which is shown in figure 3. The optimized welding gun swinging mode can ensure the sufficient fusion of the edge of the groove of the welding joint and the forming quality of a welding seam, and can not cause the molten pool to destroy the straightness of the straight side after welding.
Referring to fig. 3, in view of the sensitivity of the straight-side unfused defect in the form of a single-side straight-side bevel, the welding gun is tilted during root welding and fill-cap welding in the following manner: in the width direction of the groove, the welding gun 2 forms an included angle δ of 5-30 ° with the straight side of the first V-shaped groove. If the inclination angle is too small, the probability of the generation of the unfused defect on the straight side is increased, and if the inclination angle is too large, the shape of the welding gun position induced molten pool can destroy the straightness of the fusion line after welding and is not beneficial to the swinging of the welding gun. Meanwhile, in order to ensure that the straightness of the fusion line on the single side of the welding joint is good, the position of the welding gun in the welding bead needs to be monitored in real time in the welding process, if the welding gun deviates from the original setting position due to the problems of groove machining and group pairing precision, the position of the welding gun needs to be adjusted rapidly and timely, otherwise, the probability of the occurrence of the non-fusion defect on the straight side is increased.
And fifthly, obtaining a welding joint after welding, observing and detecting the crack tendency of the welding joint to evaluate the technological weldability of the material, and evaluating the use weldability of the material by detecting the mechanical properties of the welding joint, particularly detecting the low-temperature impact and the fracture toughness of a coarse crystal area of a welding heat affected area adjacent to a single-side straight-edge fusion line.
Examples
The test plate 1 is made of typical X70 pipeline steel with the thickness t being 26.2mm, a ceramic liner is added on the back of a groove to assist in forming a root welding method, based on the fact that welding heat input is 2.0-3.0 kJ/mm and the diameter is 1.2mm, gas shielded flux-cored wire is adopted, and welding shielding gas is 80% Ar + 20% CO 2 And (4) carrying out weldability evaluation test on the mixed gas with the flow of the shielding gas of 18-25L/min. See fig. 4The concrete groove form of the welding joint is as follows: positive one side is the first V-arrangement groove of taking the straight avris, and positive opposite side is second V-arrangement groove, and second V-arrangement groove is two V-arrangement grooves, and the back is third V-arrangement groove, wherein: α is 50 °, β is 45 °, γ is 15 °, θ is 45 °, a is 5mm, b is 2mm, c 2 ＝4mm，d＝10mm。
Table 1 lists specific welding process parameters, torch tip angles, and corresponding weld heat input values for examples 1-5, as follows:
table 2 lists the results of the defect inspection and evaluation of the straight-side CGHAZ impact toughness for examples 1-5, as follows:
as can be seen from tables 1 and 2, the X70 pipeline steel process shown in different examples has good weldability, no welding cracks or other welding defects, the impact toughness at the CGHAZ position of the straight side at minus 10 ℃ is higher than the general acceptance standard requirement, namely the minimum impact work requirement is 34J (refer to NB/T47016: mechanical property test of welding test pieces of pressure-bearing equipment products), and the impact toughness is in a certain descending trend along with the increase of welding heat input.
The low-carbon microalloy steel weldability assessment method based on the gas shielded flux-cored wire considers both the technological weldability of the material in the welding process and the use weldability of the material after welding, ensures the stability and the forming quality of the welding process by the gas shielded flux-cored wire within a given welding heat input range, has good operability and reproducibility, and has universality and universality for weldability assessment of low-carbon microalloy steel materials used in different industries and fields.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A low-carbon microalloyed steel weldability assessment method based on a gas shielded flux-cored wire is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
selecting a test plate as a low-carbon microalloy steel plate;
selecting a gas shielded flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.2 mm;
step three, carrying out butt welding on the flat welding positions of the test plates, wherein the groove form is as follows: the testing plate comprises a front side, a first V-shaped groove with a straight edge, a bevel face of the first V-shaped groove forms an angle alpha with the central axis of the groove, a second V-shaped groove is arranged on the other side of the front side, a bevel face of the second V-shaped groove forms an angle beta with the central axis of the groove, a back side of the second V-shaped groove forms a third V-shaped groove, a bevel face of the third V-shaped groove forms an angle theta with the central axis of the groove, a ceramic liner is arranged on the back side of the groove, wherein alpha is 45-60 degrees, beta is 40-60 degrees, theta is 40-60 degrees, the minimum clearance a of the testing plate is 3-6 mm, the height c of the first V-shaped groove is 3-6 mm 1 3-6 mm, and the height b of the third V-shaped groove is 1.5-3 mm; when the thickness t of the steel plate is larger than 25mm, the bevel face of the second V-shaped groove deflects outwards and forms an angle gamma with the central axis of the groove to form a double V-shaped groove, wherein the angle gamma is 10-30 degrees, and the height c of the first V-shaped groove is 2 Is 3 ~ 8mm, and the downside V-arrangement groove height d and the steel sheet thickness t of two V-arrangement grooves satisfy the relational expression: t is 1/3 and d is 3/5;
step four, welding the test board in a consumable electrode gas shielded welding mode, wherein: the protective gas is a mixed gas of argon and carbon dioxide; the root welding adopts ceramic liner auxiliary forming; the welding technological parameters used for root welding and filling cover surface welding are as follows: the welding heat input E is 2.0-3.0 kJ/mm; the welding current is 240-300A, the welding voltage is 24-29V, the welding speed is 140-180 mm/min, and the combination of the welding current, the welding voltage and the welding speed can be matched with the welding heat input value required by the test on the premise of ensuring the welding seam forming quality; the swing width of the welding gun is within 2-4 mm from the edge of the groove; in the welding process, an included angle delta formed between a welding gun and the straight side of the first V-shaped groove is 5-30 degrees along the width direction of the groove;
and step five, obtaining a welding joint after welding, observing and detecting the crack tendency of the welding joint to evaluate the technological weldability of the material, and evaluating the service weldability of the material through the mechanical property detection of the welding joint.
2. The method for evaluating the weldability of a low carbon microalloyed steel based on a gas shielded flux cored wire as recited in claim 1, wherein: and in the fifth step, the mechanical property detection comprises the detection of the low-temperature impact and the fracture toughness of the coarse crystal area of the welding heat affected zone adjacent to the single-side straight-edge fusion line.
3. The method for evaluating weldability of low carbon microalloyed steel based on gas shielded flux cored wire as recited in claim 1 or 2, wherein: and an arc-shaped groove is formed in the back of the ceramic liner, which is opposite to the groove.
4. The method for evaluating weldability of low carbon microalloyed steel based on gas shielded flux cored wire as recited in claim 1 or 2, wherein: and the swing path of the welding gun in the fourth step is zigzag, the retention time of the welding gun on the straight side of the first V-shaped groove is 100-200 ms, and the retention time of the welding gun on the oblique side of the second V-shaped groove is 50-100 ms.
5. The method for evaluating weldability of low carbon microalloyed steel based on gas shielded flux cored wire as recited in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the protective gas in the fourth step is the mixed gas of argon and carbon dioxide, and the mixing ratio is Ar to CO 2 The gas flow rate is 18-25L/min, wherein the gas flow rate is 80: 20.
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