CN113732410A

CN113732410A - Gear grinding tool for internal spline gear

Info

Publication number: CN113732410A
Application number: CN202111132845.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林建龙
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-09-27
Filing date: 2021-09-27
Publication date: 2021-12-03

Abstract

The invention discloses a gear grinding tool for an internal spline gear, which structurally comprises a rack, a machine base, a hydraulic cylinder, a gear grinding seat, a blocking cover, a pull rod, a cutter grinding block and a wiring, wherein the top end of the rack is connected with the machine base, the machine base is provided with the hydraulic cylinder, one end of the hydraulic cylinder is provided with the gear grinding seat at intervals relatively, and the blocking cover is arranged above the gear grinding seat, so that the gear grinding tool has the following effects: the expansion sleeve type structure of the gear grinding seat is used for eliminating the positioning gap between a mandrel and a workpiece hole and ensuring the radial and radial runout of the gear to be machined, when the precision of the gear hole is not high, the special expansion sleeve type structure is adopted to clamp an internal spline gear, so that the gear blank can be ensured to be easily loaded, the positioning gap between a clamp and the workpiece can be eliminated, and the problem that the tooth form inclination error of the internal spline gear is large due to the fact that the existing gear grinding tool is eccentric and impurities are remained is solved.

Description

Gear grinding tool for internal spline gear

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of gears, in particular to a gear grinding tool for an internal spline gear.

Background

The grinding process of the internal spline gear is the main method of the fine machining of the tooth surface of the hardened gear at present, but actually, due to the difference of the gear structure, the material and the hardness, the spline hole can shrink or expand differently, the mandrel can not be installed or the fit clearance is too large, so that the geometric eccentricity is generated during installation, the accumulated error of the circumference of the processed gear and the tooth profile error are caused, in addition, when the clearance is formed between the mandrel and the tooth blank hole, burrs and impurities in the hole are not blown clean during clamping, the axial line of a workpiece can be skewed after clamping, the tooth direction error of the processed gear is caused, the error can also increase the abrasion of a cutter, and the gear surface can generate black skin, therefore, the grinding tool for the internal spline gear needs to be developed, and the problem that the tooth profile inclination error of the internal spline gear is large due to the eccentricity and the residual impurities of the existing grinding tool is solved.

Summary of the invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a gear grinding tool for an internal spline gear structurally comprises a rack, a machine base, a hydraulic cylinder, a gear grinding seat, a retaining cover, a pull rod, a cutter grinding block and a wiring, wherein the top end of the rack is connected with the machine base, the machine base is provided with the hydraulic cylinder, the gear grinding seat is arranged at one end of the hydraulic cylinder at a relative interval, the retaining cover is arranged above the gear grinding seat, the pull rod is connected with the hydraulic cylinder, the cutter grinding block is arranged at the bottom of the pull rod at an interval, the wiring is arranged at the bottom end of the machine base and connected with the hydraulic cylinder, the rack is of a machine body structure of the gear grinding tool, the rack is used as the base of equipment to bear the weight of the equipment structure, the machine base at the top end is combined to form a main body structure of the equipment, the machine base is used as a core structure to load a power assembly for driving the operation of the structure, the hydraulic cylinder is used as a kinetic energy conversion driving structure to drive the structure associated with the structure to realize stable operation, and the gear grinding seat is used as the core structure for grinding the internal spline gear, the clearance size through unique structure change self structure to realize closely cooperating between machined part gear and the equipment, keep off the cover and be half open guard shield structure, mainly used shelters from the piece that the gear machined part flew upward from the part material in grinding process, prevents that the piece from splashing to exposed positions such as operating personnel's health position and eyes and causing the injury to it, and the pull rod is used for cooperating to grind tooth seat processing gear, and the piece of whetting a knife that combines one side simultaneously can keep shaving cutter's sharpness.

As a further optimization of the technical scheme, the gear grinding seat comprises a gear shaving cutter, a positioning mandrel, an eccentric block, a balance shaft and a tensioning sleeve body, the gear shaving cutter is arranged on the outer layer of the positioning mandrel, the positioning mandrel is connected with the eccentric block and the balance shaft, the eccentric block and the outer layer of the balance shaft are connected with the tensioning sleeve body in an attaching manner, the gear shaving cutter is a grinding structure of the gear grinding seat for processing the cross section of the gear, the functions of the gear grinding seat can be supplemented by side adjacent structures under the condition that the abrasion of a single-side structure is intensified through a special stepped toothed cutter plate structure of the gear shaving cutter, the contact force between the outermost structure of the gear shaving cutter and the gear surface is the largest when the gear is ground, so the gear is damaged most seriously, the synchronous operation of the grinding structure can be realized through a stepped distribution structure, the abrasion speed of the gear shaving cutter is reduced by utilizing a mode of synchronously grinding the gear surfaces with multiple structures, the eccentric block and the balance shaft on the positioning core shaft are both suitable for keeping the gravity distribution balance of the structure in the rotating process, and the gap error between the gear shaving cutter and the gear surface is reduced.

As the further optimization of the technical scheme, the gear shaving cutter comprises a cutter frame, air bubble bags and a cutter head, the air bubble bags are horizontally distributed at the middle end position in the cutter frame, the cutter head is arranged on one side of the cutter frame, the back of the cutter head is connected with the air bubble bags, the cutter frame is made of metal with certain toughness, the main purpose is to prevent the cutter head from being influenced by high-strength impulsive force to cause structural fracture in the friction contact process of the cutter head and an internal spline gear, the toughness is favorable for keeping the structure complete and can reduce the impact force to a certain degree, the air bubble bags conduct the pressure of the cutter head and reduce and buffer the conduction force of impact waves in the structure by utilizing self flexible silica gel materials, the pressure of the cutter head is reduced, the cutter head is made of high-strength alloy materials, and the hardness can meet the grinding requirement of the internal spline gear surface.

As a further optimization of the technical scheme, the positioning mandrel comprises a center of gravity ball, a shaft sleeve, an expansion sleeve clamp and a push rod, the center of gravity ball is arranged at one end of the shaft sleeve, the shaft sleeve is connected with the expansion sleeve clamp and is connected with the push rod at the tail end of the expansion sleeve clamp, the center of gravity ball is embedded in the shaft sleeve in a perpendicular bisector positioning mode, the self weight structure of the center of gravity ball can play a role in balancing weight when the whole structure rotates, the rotating speed of the structure is maintained through the center of gravity ball, the expansion sleeve clamp is used for linking a gear workpiece to realize a fitting action, the push rod is used for pushing out the gear workpiece, the push rod pushes out the gear workpiece from the structure after the workpiece is machined, and the gear workpiece is prevented from being clamped on the structure.

As a further optimization of the technical scheme, the expansion sleeve body comprises a support, an expansion sleeve ring and a top spring, the expansion sleeve ring is arranged on the outer layer of the support in a stepped shape, the top spring is arranged on the support at one end of the support and is a main structure of the expansion sleeve body, and the adjustment of a gap between the expansion sleeve ring at one end of the structure and a gear workpiece is realized, so that the jumping degree of the gear workpiece during grinding is reduced, and the machining precision error is reduced.

As a further optimization of the technical scheme, the sharpening block comprises a block body, an elastic net layer and a sharpening angle, the elastic net layer is arranged in the block body, the adjacent positions of the elastic net layers are connected with the sharpening angle in a fitting mode, the block body serves as a basic structure of the sharpening block, the elastic net layer is distributed on the inner layer in a horizontal state, the elastic net layer is woven into a net structure by elastic stainless steel and is mainly used for reducing impact force generated when the sharpening angle is used for sharpening a gear shaving cutter, the sharpening angle is made into a high-mesh rough surface structure by high-strength alloy materials, and the sharpening block is used for polishing a cross section caused by surface abrasion through contact of the sharpening angle and the gear shaving cutter so as to keep the sharpness of the gear shaving cutter.

Advantageous effects

The gear grinding tool for the internal spline gear has the advantages of reasonable design, strong functionality and the following beneficial effects:

according to the invention, a shaving fixture is in clearance fit with a positioning mandrel, a shaving cutter can eliminate tooth profile, tooth direction and radial runout errors during gear hobbing and gear shaping, synchronous operation of a grinding structure can be realized through a stepped distribution structure, the wear speed of the shaving cutter is reduced by utilizing a mode of synchronously grinding a gear surface by using a multiple structure, an eccentric block and a balance shaft on the positioning mandrel are both suitable for keeping gravity distribution balance of the structure in the rotating process, the clearance error between the shaving cutter and the gear surface is reduced, expansion sleeve positioning is adopted, and the gear end surface is clamped, so that the fit clearance of an inner hole of a gear can be eliminated, the cutting force caused by reciprocating motion of the shaving cutter can be overcome, and the gear precision is improved by 1-2 levels; the hydraulic cylinder is used for driving the pull rod, when the pull rod moves leftwards, the conical surface of the expansion sleeve body forces the elastic expansion sleeve clamp to expand outwards, and an inner hole of a workpiece is expanded; when the pull rod moves rightwards, the push rod pushes out the expanding sleeve ring, the expanding sleeve ring retracts, and the workpiece is taken out;

the invention uses the expansion sleeve type structure of the gear grinding seat to eliminate the positioning clearance between the core shaft and the workpiece hole and ensure the radial and radial jump of the gear to be processed, when the precision of the gear hole is not high, the internal spline gear is clamped by adopting the special expansion sleeve type structure, thereby not only ensuring the easy loading of the gear blank, but also eliminating the positioning clearance between the clamp and the workpiece, and simultaneously, the section caused by the surface abrasion is ground to be flat by utilizing the contact between the grinding cutter block and the gear shaving cutter, thereby keeping the sharpness of the gear shaving cutter, the bubble bag can generate air flow to blow away dust impurities in the structure, and avoiding the impurities from remaining in the gear workpiece, thereby solving the problem that the existing gear grinding tool is eccentric and the residual impurities cause the large inclination error of the internal spline gear tooth shape.

Drawings

Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a gear grinding tool for an internal spline gear according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the inventive gear grinding block construction;

FIG. 3 is a top view of a shaving cutter structure according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a top view of a positioning mandrel configuration of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a top view of the sleeve structure of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a top view of the blade sharpening block structure of the present invention;

in the figure: the device comprises a frame-1, a machine base-2, a hydraulic cylinder-3, a grinding seat-4, a baffle cover-5, a pull rod-6, a grinding block-7, a wiring-8, a gear shaving cutter-40, a positioning mandrel-41, an eccentric block-42, a balance shaft-43, an expansion sleeve body-44, a cutter frame-400, a bubble capsule-401, a cutter head-402, a gravity center ball-410, a shaft sleeve-411, an expansion sleeve clamp-412, a push rod-413, a support-440, an expansion sleeve ring-441, a top spring-442, a block body-700, a spring net layer-701 and a grinding angle-702.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the original characteristics, the achieved purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the following description and the accompanying drawings further illustrate the preferred embodiments of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being fixed or detachable or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1-3, the present invention provides a specific embodiment of a gear grinding tool for an internal spline gear:

referring to fig. 1, a gear grinding tool for an internal spline gear structurally comprises a frame 1, a base 2, a hydraulic cylinder 3, a gear grinding seat 4, a baffle cover 5, a pull rod 6, a knife grinding block 7 and a wiring 8, wherein the top end of the frame 1 is connected with the base 2, the base 2 is provided with the hydraulic cylinder 3, one end of the hydraulic cylinder 3 is provided with the gear grinding seat 4 at intervals relatively, the baffle cover 5 is arranged above the gear grinding seat 4, the pull rod 6 is connected with the hydraulic cylinder 3, the bottom of the pull rod 6 is provided with the knife grinding block 7 at intervals, the wiring 8 is arranged at the bottom end of the base 2 and connected with the hydraulic cylinder 3, the frame 1 is a machine body structure of the gear grinding tool, the frame serves as a base of equipment to bear the weight of the equipment structure, the base 2 at the top end is combined to form a main body structure of the equipment, the base 2 serves as a core structure for loading a power assembly for driving the structure to run, and the hydraulic cylinder 3 serves as a kinetic energy conversion driving structure to drive the structure to realize stable running, the grinding tooth seat 4 is a core structure for grinding the internal spline gear, the size of a gap of the structure of the grinding tooth seat is changed through a unique structure, so that the gear of a workpiece is tightly matched with equipment, the baffle cover 5 is of a semi-open type shield structure and is mainly used for shielding fragments of the gear workpiece flying from a part material in the grinding process, the fragments are prevented from being splashed to exposed parts such as the body part and eyes of an operator to cause damage to the exposed parts, the pull rod 6 is used for matching the grinding tooth seat 4 to process the gear, and meanwhile, the sharpening block 7 on one side can keep the sharpness of the gear-shaving cutter 40.

Referring to fig. 2, the gear grinding base 4 includes a shaving cutter 40, a positioning core shaft 41, an eccentric block 42, a balance shaft 43, and an expansion sleeve body 44, the shaving cutter 40 is disposed on an outer layer of the positioning core shaft 41, the positioning core shaft 41 is connected with the eccentric block 42 and the balance shaft 43, the eccentric block 42 and the balance shaft 43 are attached to the outer layer of the expansion sleeve body 44, the shaving cutter 40 is a grinding structure of the gear grinding base 4 for processing a cross section of a gear, functions of the shaving cutter 40 can be supplemented by a side adjacent structure under the condition that wear of a single-side structure is intensified, generally, the outermost structure of the shaving cutter 40 has the largest contact force with a gear surface when grinding the gear, so the gear is damaged most seriously, synchronous operation of the grinding structure can be realized by a stepped distribution structure, wear speed of the shaving cutter 40 is reduced by a mode of synchronously grinding the gear surface by using a multiple structure, the eccentric block 42 and the balance shaft 43 on the positioning core shaft 41 are both suitable for keeping the gravity distribution balance of the structure in the rotating process, and reducing the clearance error between the gear shaving cutter 40 and the gear surface.

Referring to fig. 3, the shaving cutter 40 includes a cutter holder 400, a bubble capsule 401 and a cutter head 402, the bubble capsule 401 is horizontally distributed at the middle end position in the cutter holder 400, the cutter head 402 is arranged at one side of the cutter holder 400, the back surface of the cutter head 402 is connected with the bubble capsule 401, the cutter holder 400 is made of metal with certain toughness, the main purpose is to prevent the cutter head 402 from being influenced by high-strength impact force to cause structural fracture in the process of frictional contact with an internal spline gear, the toughness is favorable for keeping the structure complete and can reduce impact force to a certain degree, the bubble capsule 401 transmits the pressure of the cutter head 402 and reduces the transmission strength of shock waves in the structure by using a self flexible silica gel material, the pressure of the cutter head 402 is reduced, the cutter head 402 is made of a high-strength alloy material, and the hardness can meet the grinding requirement of the internal spline gear surface.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 1-6, the present invention provides a specific embodiment of a gear grinding tool for an internal spline gear:

Referring to fig. 4, the positioning mandrel 41 includes a center of gravity ball 410, a shaft sleeve 411, an expanding sleeve clamp 412, and a push rod 413, the center of gravity ball 410 is disposed at one end of the shaft sleeve 411, the shaft sleeve 411 is connected to the expanding sleeve clamp 412 and connected to the push rod 413 at the end thereof through the expanding sleeve clamp 412, the center of gravity ball 410 is embedded in the shaft sleeve 411 in a perpendicular bisector positioning manner, the self weight structure thereof plays a role of weighting when the whole structure rotates, the center of gravity ball 410 keeps the structural rotation speed and uses the expanding sleeve clamp 412 to link the gear workpiece to realize the attaching action, the push rod 413 is used for pushing out the gear workpiece, and the push rod 413 pushes out the gear workpiece from the structure after the workpiece is machined, so as to prevent the gear workpiece from being clamped on the structure.

Referring to fig. 5, the expanding sleeve 44 includes a bracket 440, an expanding sleeve ring 441, and a top spring 442, the outer layer of the bracket 440 is provided with the expanding sleeve ring 441 in a stepped shape, the bracket 440 provided at one end of the bracket 440 is a main structure of the expanding sleeve 44, and the gap between the bracket 440 and the gear workpiece is adjusted by the expanding sleeve ring 441 at one end of the main structure, so as to reduce the jumping degree of the gear workpiece during grinding and reduce the machining precision error.

Referring to fig. 6, the sharpening block 7 includes a block 700, an elastic mesh layer 701, and a sharpening angle 702, the elastic mesh layer 701 is disposed in the block 700, the sharpening angle 702 is attached to and connected to the elastic mesh layer 701, the block 700 serves as a basic structure of the sharpening block 7, the elastic mesh layer 701 is horizontally distributed on an inner layer thereof, the elastic mesh layer 701 is woven by elastic stainless steel to form a mesh structure, and is mainly used for reducing impact force generated when the sharpening angle 702 polishes the shaving cutter 40, and the sharpening angle 702 is made of high-strength alloy material to form a high-mesh rough surface structure, and functions to polish a cross section caused by surface abrasion through contact with the shaving cutter 40, thereby maintaining sharpness of the shaving cutter.

The specific realization principle is as follows:

as shown in fig. 3, the shaving cutter 40 can eliminate the tooth profile, tooth direction and radial runout errors during gear hobbing and gear shaping, but a gear with higher precision is often not obtained, so that the end face of the gear is clamped by adopting the expansion sleeve positioning of the gear grinding seat 4, the fit clearance of the inner hole of the gear can be eliminated, the cutting force caused by the reciprocating motion of the shaving cutter 40 can be overcome, the pull rod 6 is driven by the hydraulic cylinder 3, and therefore, as shown in fig. 5, when the pull rod 6 moves to the left, the conical surface of the expansion sleeve body 44 forces the elastic expansion sleeve clamp 412 to expand outwards to tension the inner hole of the workpiece; when the pull rod 6 moves rightwards, the push rod 413 pushes out the expanding sleeve ring 441, the expanding sleeve ring 441 retracts, the workpiece is taken out, and under the condition that the gear workpiece is machined, the section caused by surface abrasion is polished to be flat through the contact of the sharpening angle 702 and the gear shaving cutter 40, so that the sharpness of the gear shaving cutter is maintained.

While there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles of the invention, the essential features and advantages thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited by the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but rather, is capable of numerous changes and modifications in various forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof, and it is intended that the invention be limited not by the foregoing descriptions, but rather by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a gear grinding frock for internal spline gear, its structure includes frame (1), frame (2), pneumatic cylinder (3), gear grinding seat (4), keeps off cover (5), pull rod (6), whetstone piece (7), wiring (8), its characterized in that:

frame (1) top be connected with frame (2), frame (2) be equipped with pneumatic cylinder (3), pneumatic cylinder (3) one end relative interval be equipped with grind toothholder (4) and be equipped with fender cover (5) grinding toothholder (4) top position, pull rod (6) connect pneumatic cylinder (3) and its bottom interval be equipped with and grind sword piece (7), wiring (8) locate frame (2) bottom and link to each other with pneumatic cylinder (3).

2. The gear grinding tool for the internal spline gear according to claim 1, characterized in that: the gear grinding seat (4) comprises a gear shaving cutter (40), a positioning mandrel (41), an eccentric block (42), a balance shaft (43) and an expansion sleeve body (44), wherein the gear shaving cutter (40) is arranged on the outer layer of the positioning mandrel (41), the positioning mandrel (41) is connected with the eccentric block (42) and the balance shaft (43), and the eccentric block (42) and the outer layer of the balance shaft (43) are attached to be connected with the expansion sleeve body (44).

3. The gear grinding tool for the internal spline gear according to claim 2, characterized in that: the gear shaving cutter (40) comprises a cutter holder (400), a bubble capsule (401) and a cutter head (402), wherein the bubble capsule (401) is horizontally distributed at the middle end in the cutter holder (400), the cutter head (402) is arranged on one side of the cutter holder (400), and the back surface of the cutter head is connected with the bubble capsule (401).

4. The gear grinding tool for the internal spline gear according to claim 2, characterized in that: the positioning mandrel (41) comprises a gravity center ball (410), a shaft sleeve (411), an expansion sleeve clamp (412) and a push rod (413), wherein the gravity center ball (410) is arranged at one end of the shaft sleeve (411), and the shaft sleeve (411) is connected with the expansion sleeve clamp (412) and is connected with the push rod (413) at the tail end of the expansion sleeve clamp (412).

5. The gear grinding tool for the internal spline gear according to claim 2, characterized in that: the expansion sleeve body (44) comprises a support (440), an expansion sleeve ring (441) and a top spring (442), the expansion sleeve ring (441) is arranged on the outer layer of the support (440) in a stepped manner, and the top spring (442) is arranged at one end of the support (440).

6. The gear grinding tool for the internal spline gear according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sharpener block (7) comprises a block body (700), an elastic net layer (701) and a sharpener angle (702), wherein the elastic net layer (701) is arranged in the block body (700), and the sharpener angle (702) is attached and connected to the adjacent position of the elastic net layer (701).