CN113732218B - Forging process and forging equipment for automobile part blank - Google Patents
Forging process and forging equipment for automobile part blank Download PDFInfo
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- CN113732218B CN113732218B CN202111026687.2A CN202111026687A CN113732218B CN 113732218 B CN113732218 B CN 113732218B CN 202111026687 A CN202111026687 A CN 202111026687A CN 113732218 B CN113732218 B CN 113732218B
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- limiting
- plate
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- supporting
- buffer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
- F16F15/023—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using fluid means
- F16F15/027—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using fluid means comprising control arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
- F16F15/04—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
- F16F15/08—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means with rubber springs ; with springs made of rubber and metal
- F16F15/085—Use of both rubber and metal springs
Abstract
The invention discloses a forging device for automobile part blanks, which comprises a top plate, an upper die base, an upper die plate, a lower die base and a lower bottom plate, wherein the lower die base with the lower die plate is fixed on the lower bottom plate, the lower die plate is matched with the upper die plate, the upper die plate is connected with the top plate through the upper die base, a hydraulic driving device with the top plate for up-and-down reciprocating motion and a buffering damping base are arranged at the end part of the top plate, and the buffering damping base is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the lower bottom plate and plays a role in supporting the lower bottom plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of forging, and particularly relates to a forging process of an automobile part blank and forging equipment thereof.
Background
The forging of automobile parts is one of two main components of forging and stamping, and is a processing method for applying pressure to a metal blank by using a forging machine to enable the metal blank to generate plastic deformation so as to obtain a forged piece with certain mechanical property, certain shape and certain size. The defects of as-cast porosity and the like generated in the smelting process of metal can be eliminated through forging, the microstructure is optimized, and meanwhile, because the complete metal streamline is preserved, the mechanical property of the forging is generally superior to that of a casting made of the same material. Important parts with high load and severe working conditions in related machines are mainly forged pieces except for plates, sections or welding pieces which are simple in shape and can be rolled. Most forging equipment directly adopts the spring to absorb the shaking force that produces when die-casting mostly, and the spring directly sets up easily because of the too big distortion that takes place of long-term flexible in-process and die-casting power, and the spring of spring part between two parties is protruding promptly, continues to push down in this condition, easily makes the impaired reuse of spring, and the spring is not good to the absorption effect of vibrations, still influences the holistic quality of forging and shines the part of becoming in the equipment not hard up easily.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a forging process of an automobile part blank and forging equipment with ideal buffering and vibration reduction effects.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the forging process of the blank of the automobile part comprises
S1: blanking, cutting off aluminum alloy cast ingots or other alloy materials as blanks,
s2: heating before forging, namely placing the blank in a natural gas heating furnace, heating the blank to 280 ℃ along with the furnace, heating the blank to 450 +/-10 ℃ at a heating rate of less than or equal to 40 ℃/h and more than or equal to 30 ℃/h, keeping the temperature for more than or equal to 20h, and discharging the blank out of the furnace;
s3: forging, namely forging and pressing the blank by using forging equipment;
s4: and (5) cutting edges, namely cutting off redundant leftover materials of the blank formed by forging and pressing by using a hydraulic die cutter to obtain the blank of the part.
The forging equipment used in the process S3 comprises a top plate, an upper die base, an upper die plate, a lower die base and a lower bottom plate, wherein the lower die base with a lower die plate is fixed on the lower bottom plate, the lower die plate is matched with the upper die plate, the upper die plate is connected with the top plate through the upper die base, a hydraulic driving device with the top plate for reciprocating up and down is arranged at the end part of the top plate, and a buffering damping base is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the lower bottom plate and plays a role in supporting the lower bottom plate.
The invention is further configured to: the buffering damping base comprises
An upper damping supporting seat, a lower bottom plate is arranged at the upper end of the upper damping supporting seat and is fixed by bolts, the cross-sectional area of the lower bottom plate is larger than that of the upper damping supporting seat,
a lower shock absorption supporting seat which is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the upper shock absorption supporting seat and plays a role in supporting the upper shock absorption supporting seat,
a lower supporting plate, the cross-sectional area of which is larger than that of the lower shock absorption supporting seat, the lower supporting plate is arranged at the bottom of the lower shock absorption supporting seat and is fixedly connected with the lower shock absorption supporting seat through a bolt, the lower shock absorption supporting seat is positioned at the central position of the lower supporting plate,
the bearing rib plate with a U-shaped section is arranged between the lower bottom plate and the lower supporting plate and plays a role in supporting the lower bottom plate and the lower supporting plate,
a middle supporting plate which is clamped between the upper damping supporting seat and the lower damping supporting seat and is respectively and fixedly connected with the upper damping supporting seat and the lower damping supporting seat,
the limiting support pieces are uniformly distributed on the outer edge of the middle support plate, and good limiting and buffering effects are achieved between the lower support plate and the lower bottom plate.
The invention is further configured to: the upper and lower shock absorption supporting seats are both made of buffer rubber, a plurality of bearing rib plates made of mild steel are uniformly arranged between the lower bottom plate and the supporting plate,
the bearing rib plate comprises an upper bearing part, an arc-shaped supporting part and a lower bearing part which are connected in sequence, the upper bearing part is connected with the lower bottom plate, the lower bearing part is connected with the lower supporting plate, connecting holes are arranged on the upper bearing part and the lower bearing part, high-strength bolts are arranged on the connecting holes,
a plurality of limit sleeves which are in one-to-one correspondence with the upper ends of the limit supporting pieces and are matched with the limit supporting pieces are fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the lower bottom plate,
and a plurality of limiting columns which correspond to the lower ends of the limiting supporting pieces one by one and are matched with the limiting supporting pieces are fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the lower supporting plate.
The invention is further configured to: the limiting support part comprises
A cylindrical outer shell, one end of which is provided with a supporting hole and the other end is provided with a bearing hole, the end surface of one side of the outer shell with the supporting hole extends outwards to form a fixed flange, the outer shell is fixed on the lower end surface of the middle supporting plate through the fixed flange, the side end of the outer shell is provided with a slot,
a limiting rod which is arranged at the inner side of the outer shell, the end part of the upper end of the limiting rod passes through the middle supporting plate and extends into the limiting sleeve, a limiting edge is formed at the bottom of the limiting rod,
and the guide spring is sleeved on the limiting rod and positioned on the inner side of the outer shell, and two ends of the guide spring respectively abut against the end face of the intermediate support plate and the end face of the limiting edge.
Through adopting foretell technical scheme, can ensure through gag lever post and spacing sleeve's cooperation that the condition of rocking about not producing between intermediate bottom plate and the upper plate, set up guide spring and can ensure that spacing support piece can play certain buffering effect.
The invention is further configured to: the limiting sleeve is in an annular column shape, an installing flange is formed at the end part of the limiting sleeve, and the limiting sleeve is fixedly arranged on the lower end face of the lower bottom plate through the installing flange; a through hole for the limiting rod to pass through is formed in the middle supporting plate, a guide sleeve with a guide hole is arranged on the through hole, the end part of the limiting rod penetrates out of the guide hole of the guide sleeve and extends into the limiting sleeve, and the end face of the upper end of the limiting rod is abutted against the lower end face of the lower bottom plate;
the bottom end face on spacing edge offsets with the medial surface of the shell body on spacing hole place side, and is provided with the spacing hole that extends to the gag lever post on the lateral surface on spacing edge of gag lever post area, spacing post insert spacing downthehole and offset with the inside terminal surface in spacing hole by accepting the hole to the fixed snubber block that is provided with on the terminal surface of spacing post, the both ends of snubber block support respectively between the terminal surface of the inside terminal surface in spacing hole and spacing post, just the snubber block be hemispherical.
The invention is further configured to: the limiting rod comprises
The upper end of the outer cylinder body is inwards provided with a cylindrical placing cavity, a limiting edge is integrally formed at the lower end of the outer side of the outer cylinder body, a limiting hole is formed on the lower end face of the outer cylinder body, the guide spring is sleeved on the outer cylinder body, two ends of the guide spring are respectively abutted against the limiting edge end face outside the outer cylinder body and the lower end face of the middle supporting plate, and a buffer space is formed between the upper end face of the outer cylinder body and the lower end face of the middle supporting plate;
an inner cylinder body which is inserted in the outer cylinder body and is coaxially arranged with the outer cylinder body, the inner cylinder body is connected with the outer cylinder body in a sliding way, a cylindrical containing cavity is formed in the upper end surface of the inner cylinder body, a sealing cover is connected with the opening of the containing cavity through threads,
the guide buffer column comprises a guide section, a piston section and a buffer section which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; the direction buffering post sets up in the internal and guide section through the sealed lid and wear out interior barrel back through the perforation extend into stop collar in, be provided with the buffer head at the end fixing of guide section to be equipped with reset spring at the guide section overcoat, reset spring's one end offsets with the buffer head, the other end offsets with the up end of intermediate strut board.
The invention is further configured to: the piston section is abutted against the inner wall of the inner cylinder body, the outer wall of the piston section is provided with an annular groove, and an electromagnetic coil is wound on the annular groove; the buffer section is in a ring-column shape, the side wall of the buffer section is provided with a plurality of damping holes which are uniformly distributed according to the circumference, the bottom of the buffer section is fixed with a buffer disc, and the buffer disc is abutted against the inner wall of the inner cylinder body and is connected with a slide way; MR fluid is filled in the inner cylinder body and positioned at the lower end of the buffer disc, a flow gap is formed at the position, between the buffer disc and the piston section, of the buffer section, and the MR fluid can flow out of the damping hole in the outer wall of the buffer section and enter the flow gap.
The invention is further configured to: the controller and the starting button are matched to control the operation of the hydraulic driving device and the on-off of the electromagnetic coil;
the lower end of the inner cylinder body is abutted against the bottom of the mounting cavity, a buffer block is arranged between the inner cylinder body and the bottom of the mounting cavity, and both the buffer block and the buffer sheet can be made of silica gel or buffer rubber; the diameter of the buffer head is larger than the diameter between the guide sections, and the buffer head is in sliding fit with the limiting sleeve.
The invention is further configured to: a plurality of convex cylindrical limiting ribs are arranged on the end surfaces of the middle supporting plate, which are respectively connected with the upper damping supporting seat and the lower damping supporting seat, a plurality of insertion holes matched with the limiting ribs are arranged on the upper damping supporting seat and the lower damping supporting seat, and the limiting ribs are inserted into the insertion holes and are fixed through adhesives; a support flange which is abutted against the end face of the middle support plate is formed at the upper end of the guide sleeve, a threaded hole is formed in the support flange, the guide sleeve is fixedly connected with the middle support plate through the support flange, and the reset spring is abutted between the buffer head and the support flange; the lower bottom plate is provided with a support frame, the support frame is provided with a position sensor, the position sensor is electrically connected with the controller, the side end of the upper template is provided with a trigger rod, the position sensor is triggered through the trigger rod, and the upper template and the lower template are just closed when the trigger rod triggers the position sensor.
The invention is further configured to: the forging method of the forging equipment comprises the following steps:
step one, placing a forging on a lower template,
clicking a start button, and controlling the hydraulic driving device to move downwards by the controller, so that the upper template applies pressure to the lower template, and simultaneously controlling the electromagnetic coil to be electrified, thereby changing the fluidity of the MR fluid, further increasing the damping force of the MR fluid, and further achieving a good buffering effect;
triggering by a position sensor at the moment when the upper template and the lower template are closed, transmitting a signal into a controller, controlling the electromagnetic coil to be electrified by the controller, and driving the hydraulic driving device at the moment;
and fourthly, after the upper template and the lower template are closed for a preset time, the controller controls the hydraulic driving device to reset, and then the forge piece is taken down.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the damping buffer base can play a good damping effect in the forging process, so that the yield of parts and the stability of equipment are ensured;
the whole limiting effect of the limiting support piece can be further ensured through the matching of the limiting column and the limiting hole, and the buffering effect of the limiting support piece is ensured;
the electromagnetic coil is electrified, so that the mobility of the MR fluid is changed, the damping force of the MR fluid is increased, the guide buffer rod can achieve a good buffer effect, and the overall buffer and damping effect of the buffer and damping base is ensured under the matching of the reset spring and the guide spring;
the electromagnetic coil is driven by the hydraulic driving device to start force and cut off the power at the moment when the upper template and the lower template are closed, so that the electromagnetic coil can play a good buffering effect and save electric energy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of a forging apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of the forging apparatus of the present invention;
reference numbers in the drawings and corresponding part names: 1-upper damping supporting seat, 2-lower damping supporting seat, 3-lower supporting plate, 4-bearing rib plate, 4 a-upper bearing part, 4 b-supporting part, 4 c-bearing part, 5-middle supporting plate, 6-limiting sleeve, 7-limiting column, 8-outer shell, 9-fixed flange, 10-limiting edge, 11-guide spring, 12-mounting flange, 13-guide sleeve, 14-limiting hole, 16-damping block, 17-outer cylinder, 18-mounting cavity, 19-inner cylinder, 20-containing cavity, 21-sealing cover, 22-guide buffer column, 22 a-guide section, 22 b-piston section, 22 c-buffer section, 23-buffer head, 24-reset spring, 25-electromagnetic coil, 26-damping hole, 27-buffer disc, 28-buffer block, 29-limiting rib, 30-jack, 31-supporting flange, 32-position sensor, 33-trigger rod, 100-top plate, 101-upper die holder, 103-upper die plate, 104-lower die plate, 105-lower die holder, 106-lower bottom plate and 107-hydraulic driving device.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are further described with reference to fig. 1 to 2.
The forging process of the blank of the automobile part comprises
S1: blanking, cutting off the aluminum alloy cast ingot as a blank,
s2: heating before forging, namely placing the blank in a natural gas heating furnace, heating the blank to 280 ℃ along with the furnace, heating the blank to 450 +/-10 ℃ at a heating rate of less than or equal to 40 ℃/h and more than or equal to 30 ℃/h, keeping the temperature for more than or equal to 20h, and discharging the blank out of the furnace;
s3: forging, namely forging and pressing the blank by using forging equipment;
s4: and (5) cutting edges, namely cutting off redundant leftover materials of the blank formed by forging and pressing by using a hydraulic die cutter to obtain the blank of the part.
Example one
A forging device used in the process S3 comprises a top plate 100, an upper die holder 101, an upper die plate 103, a lower die plate 104, a lower die holder 105 and a lower die plate 106, wherein the lower die holder 105 with the lower die plate 104 is fixed on the lower die plate 106, the lower die plate 104 is matched with the upper die plate 103, the upper die plate 103 is connected with the top plate 100 through the upper die holder 101, a hydraulic driving device 107 with the top plate 100 for up-and-down reciprocating motion and a buffering shock absorption base are arranged at the end part of the top plate 100, and the buffering shock absorption base is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the lower die plate 106 and plays a supporting role for the lower die plate 106.
The damping buffer base can play a good damping effect in the forging process, so that the yield of parts and the stability of equipment are ensured.
Example two
Further on the basis of the first embodiment: the buffering damping base comprises
An upper shock absorption supporting seat 1, wherein the lower bottom plate 106 is arranged at the upper end of the upper shock absorption supporting seat 1 and is fixed by bolts, the cross-sectional area of the lower bottom plate 106 is larger than that of the upper shock absorption supporting seat 1,
a lower damping supporting seat 2, the lower damping supporting seat 2 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the upper damping supporting seat 1 and plays a role of supporting the upper damping supporting seat 1,
a lower supporting plate 3, the cross-sectional area of the lower supporting plate 3 is larger than that of the lower shock absorption supporting seat 2, the lower supporting plate 3 is arranged at the bottom of the lower shock absorption supporting seat 2 and is fixedly connected with the lower shock absorption supporting seat 2 through a bolt, the lower shock absorption supporting seat 2 is positioned at the central position of the lower supporting plate 3,
the bearing rib plate 4 with the U-shaped section is arranged between the lower bottom plate 106 and the lower support plate 3 and plays a role in supporting the lower bottom plate 106 and the lower support plate 3,
a middle supporting plate 5, the middle supporting plate 5 is clamped between the upper damping supporting seat 1 and the lower damping supporting seat 2 and is respectively and fixedly connected with the upper damping supporting seat 1 and the lower damping supporting seat 2,
the limiting supporting pieces are uniformly distributed on the outer edge of the middle supporting plate 5, and good limiting and buffering effects are achieved between the lower supporting plate 3 and the lower bottom plate 106.
The buffering performance of the buffering and damping base can be improved under the double damping action of the lower damping supporting seat 2 and the lower damping supporting seat 2; the arrangement of the bearing rib plates 4 can achieve good supporting and elastic buffering and shock absorption effects between the lower bottom plate 106 and the lower support plate 3; and the buffering limit rib 29 is arranged to achieve good limit and buffering between the lower support plate 3 and the lower bottom plate 106.
EXAMPLE III
On the basis of the second embodiment: the upper damping support seat 1 and the lower damping support seat 2 are both made of buffer rubber, a plurality of bearing rib plates 4 made of mild steel are uniformly arranged between the lower bottom plate 106 and the support plate,
the bearing rib plate 4 comprises an upper bearing part 4c4a, an arc-shaped supporting part 4b and a lower bearing part 4c which are connected in sequence, the upper bearing part 4c4a is connected with the lower bottom plate 106, the lower bearing part 4c is connected with the lower supporting plate 3, connecting holes are arranged on the upper bearing part 4c4a and the lower bearing part 4c, high-strength bolts are arranged on the connecting holes,
a plurality of limit sleeves 6 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the upper ends of the limit supporting pieces and are matched with the limit supporting pieces are fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the lower bottom plate 106,
the upper end surface of the lower supporting plate 3 is fixedly provided with a plurality of limiting columns 7 which correspond to the lower ends of the limiting supporting pieces one by one and are matched with the limiting supporting pieces.
The upper damping support seat 1 and the lower damping support seat 2 are both made of buffer rubber, so that the damping and buffering performances of the upper damping support seat 1 and the lower damping support seat 2 can be ensured; the bearing rib plate 4 made of mild steel is arranged, so that good elasticity and supporting performance of the bearing plate can be ensured, and the fixing strength of the bearing rib plate 4 can be ensured by fixing through high-strength bolts. And the spacing sleeve 6 and the spacing post 7 that set up can just cushion vibration damping mount and appear rocking under spacing support piece cooperation to ensure the level and smooth of forging out the work piece.
Example four
Further on the basis of the third embodiment: the limiting support part comprises
A cylindrical outer shell 8, one end of the outer shell 8 is provided with a supporting hole, the other end is provided with a bearing hole, the end surface of one side of the outer shell 8 with the supporting hole extends outwards to form a fixed flange 9, the outer shell 8 is fixed on the lower end surface of the middle supporting plate 5 through the fixed flange 9, the side end of the outer shell 8 is provided with a slot,
a limiting rod which is arranged at the inner side of the outer shell 8, the end part of the upper end of the limiting rod passes through the middle supporting plate 5 and extends into the limiting sleeve 6, a limiting edge 10 is formed at the bottom of the limiting rod,
and the guide spring 11 is sleeved on the limiting rod and is positioned on the inner side of the outer shell 8, and two ends of the guide spring 11 respectively abut against the end surface of the middle supporting plate 5 and the end surface of the limiting edge 10.
Through the cooperation of gag lever post and stop sleeve 6 can ensure not producing the condition of rocking about between intermediate bottom plate 5 and the upper plate, set up guide spring 11 and can ensure that spacing support piece can play certain buffering effect.
EXAMPLE five
Further on the basis of example four: the limiting sleeve 6 is in an annular column shape, an installation flange 12 is formed at the end part of the limiting sleeve 6, and the limiting sleeve 6 is fixedly arranged on the lower end face of the lower bottom plate 106 through the installation flange 12; a through hole for the limiting rod to pass through is formed in the middle supporting plate 5, a guide sleeve 13 with a guide hole is arranged on the through hole, the end part of the limiting rod penetrates out of the guide hole of the guide sleeve 13 and extends into the limiting sleeve 6, and the end surface of the upper end of the limiting rod is abutted against the lower end surface of the lower bottom plate 106;
the spacing bottom end face along 10 offsets with the medial surface of the shell body 8 of spacing hole 14 place side, and is provided with the spacing hole 14 that extends to the gag lever post on the spacing side end face along 10 of gag lever post area, spacing post 7 insert spacing downthehole and offset with the inside terminal surface of spacing hole 14 by the accepting hole to fixed snubber block 16 that is provided with on the terminal surface of spacing post 7, the both ends of snubber block 16 support respectively between the terminal surface of the inside terminal surface of spacing hole 14 and spacing post 7, just snubber block 16 be hemispherical.
The whole limiting effect of the limiting support part can be further ensured through the matching of the limiting column 7 and the limiting hole 14, and the buffering effect of the limiting support part is ensured.
EXAMPLE six
Further on the basis of example five: the limiting rod comprises
The upper end of the outer cylinder 27 is inwards provided with a cylindrical placing cavity 18, a limiting edge 10 is integrally formed at the lower end of the outer side of the outer cylinder 27, a limiting hole 14 is formed on the lower end face of the outer cylinder 27, the guide spring 11 is sleeved on the outer cylinder 27, two ends of the guide spring 11 are respectively abutted against the end face of the limiting edge 10 outside the outer cylinder 27 and the lower end face of the middle support plate 5, and a buffer space is formed between the upper end face of the outer cylinder 27 and the lower end face of the middle support plate 5;
the inner cylinder 19 is inserted into the outer cylinder 27 and is coaxially arranged with the outer cylinder 27, the inner cylinder 19 is connected with the outer cylinder 27 in a sliding way, a cylindrical containing cavity 20 is formed in the upper end surface of the inner cylinder 19, a sealing cover 21 is connected with the opening of the containing cavity 20 through threads,
the guide buffer column 22, the guide buffer column 22 comprises a guide section 22a, a piston section 22b and a buffer section 22c which are connected in sequence from top to bottom; the guide buffer column 22 is arranged in the inner cylinder 19, the guide section 22a penetrates out of the inner cylinder 19 through the sealing cover 21 and then extends into the limiting sleeve 6 through the through hole, the buffer head 23 is fixedly arranged at the end part of the guide section 22a, the guide section 22a is sleeved with the reset spring 24, one end of the reset spring 24 abuts against the buffer head 23, and the other end of the reset spring abuts against the upper end face of the middle supporting plate 5.
The buffering effect of the limiting rod can be ensured through the matching of the outer cylinder body 27, the inner cylinder body 19, the guide buffering column 22 and the return spring 24.
EXAMPLE seven
Further on the basis of example six: the piston section 22b is abutted against the inner wall of the inner cylinder 19, the outer wall of the piston section 22b is provided with an annular groove, and an electromagnetic coil 25 is wound on the annular groove; the buffer section 22c is in a ring-column shape, the side wall of the buffer section 22c is provided with a plurality of damping holes 26 which are uniformly distributed according to the circumference, the bottom of the buffer section 22c is fixed with a buffer disc 27, and the buffer disc 27 is abutted against the inner wall of the inner cylinder 19 and is connected with a slide way; the MR fluid is filled in the inner cylinder 19 at the lower end of the buffer disk 27, and a flow gap is formed at a position of the buffer section 22c between the buffer disk 27 and the piston section 22b, into which the MR fluid can flow out of the orifice 26 of the outer wall of the buffer section 22 c.
The electromagnetic coil 25 is electrified, so that the flowability of the MR fluid is changed, the damping force of the MR fluid is increased, the guide buffer rod can achieve a good buffer effect, and the overall buffer and damping effect of the buffer and damping base is ensured under the matching of the reset spring 24 and the guide spring 11.
Example eight
Further on the basis of example seven: the hydraulic control device also comprises a controller and a starting button which are arranged outside, and the controller and the starting button are matched to control the operation of the hydraulic driving device 107 and the on-off of the electromagnetic coil 25;
the lower end of the inner cylinder 19 is abutted against the bottom of the mounting cavity 18, a buffer block 28 is arranged between the inner cylinder 19 and the bottom of the mounting cavity 18, and both the buffer block 28 and the buffer sheet can be made of silica gel or buffer rubber; the diameter of the buffer head 23 is larger than that of the guide section 22a, and the buffer head 23 is in sliding fit with the limiting sleeve 6.
The controller can control the guide buffer column 22 to play a buffer effect during forging, and the electromagnetic coil 25 is not switched on when the forging is not performed, so that the electric energy is saved; the arrangement plays a role in protecting the inner cylinder 19, and the reduction of the service life of the inner cylinder 19 caused by the direct contact of the inner cylinder 19 and the arrangement cavity 18 is avoided.
Example nine
Further on the basis of example eight: a plurality of convex cylindrical limiting ribs 29 are arranged on the end surfaces of the middle supporting plate 5, which are respectively connected with the upper damping supporting seat 1 and the lower damping supporting seat 2, a plurality of insertion holes 30 matched with the limiting ribs 29 are arranged on the upper damping supporting seat 1 and the lower damping supporting seat 2, and the limiting ribs 29 are inserted into the insertion holes 30 and fixed through an adhesive; a support flange 31 abutting against the end face of the intermediate support plate 5 is formed at the upper end of the guide sleeve 13, a threaded hole is formed in the support flange 31, the guide sleeve 13 is fixedly connected with the intermediate support plate 5 through the support flange 31, and the return spring 24 abuts between the buffer head 23 and the support flange 31; a support frame is arranged on the lower template 106, a position sensor 32 is arranged on the support frame, the position sensor 32 is electrically connected with the controller, a trigger rod 33 is arranged at the side end of the upper template 103, the position sensor 32 is triggered through the trigger rod 33, and the upper template 103 and the lower template 104 are just closed when the trigger rod 33 triggers the position sensor 32.
The cooperation that sets up spacing muscle 29 and jack 30 can be good fixed effect to reach the effect of connecting upper shock attenuation supporting seat 1 and lower shock attenuation supporting seat 2 through intermediate support plate 5. The position sensor 32 can accurately know the closing time of the upper template 103 and the lower template 104, so that the controller can conveniently perform programming control.
The forging method of the forging equipment comprises the following steps:
step one, the forging is placed on the lower template 104,
secondly, clicking a start button, controlling the hydraulic driving device 107 to move downwards by the controller, so that the upper template 103 applies pressure to the lower template 104, and simultaneously controlling the electromagnetic coil 25 to be electrified, thereby changing the fluidity of the MR fluid, further increasing the damping force of the MR fluid, and further achieving a good buffering effect;
step three, triggering by the position sensor 32 at the moment when the upper template 103 and the lower template 104 are closed, transmitting the signal into the controller, controlling the electromagnetic coil 25 to be electrified by the controller, and driving the hydraulic driving device 107 at the moment;
and fourthly, after the upper template 103 and the lower template 104 are closed for a preset time, the controller controls the hydraulic driving device 107 to reset, and then the forge piece is taken down.
The electromagnetic coil 25 starts the force at the same time of the driving of the hydraulic driving device 107 and is powered off at the moment when the upper die plate 103 and the lower die plate 104 are closed, so that the electromagnetic coil can ensure that the electromagnetic coil can play a good buffering effect and also saves electric energy.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a forging equipment of automobile parts stock, includes roof (100), upper die base (101), cope match-plate pattern (103), lower bolster (104), die holder (105) and lower plate (106), is fixed with lower die holder (105) of lower template (104) on lower plate (106), and lower bolster (104) and cope match-plate pattern (103) cooperation, cope match-plate pattern (103) be connected with roof (100) through upper die base (101), and the tip of roof (100) is provided with hydraulic drive device (107) of taking roof (100) to do up-and-down reciprocating motion, still includes
The damping device comprises a damping base, a damping device and a damping device, wherein the damping base is fixedly arranged at the bottom of a lower bottom plate (106) and plays a role in supporting the lower bottom plate (106);
the buffering damping base comprises
The lower bottom plate (106) is arranged at the upper end of the upper shock absorption supporting seat (1) and is fixed by bolts, the sectional area of the lower bottom plate (106) is larger than that of the upper shock absorption supporting seat (1),
a lower damping supporting seat (2), the lower damping supporting seat (2) is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the upper damping supporting seat (1) and plays a role of supporting the upper damping supporting seat (1),
a lower supporting plate (3), the cross-sectional area of the lower supporting plate (3) is larger than that of the lower damping supporting seat (2), the lower supporting plate (3) is arranged at the bottom of the lower damping supporting seat (2) and is fixedly connected with the lower damping supporting seat (2) through a bolt, the lower damping supporting seat (2) is positioned at the central position of the lower supporting plate (3),
a bearing rib plate (4), the bearing rib plate (4) with the U-shaped section is arranged between the lower bottom plate (106) and the lower supporting plate (3) and plays a role in supporting the lower bottom plate (106) and the lower supporting plate (3),
a middle supporting plate (5), the middle supporting plate (5) is clamped between the upper damping supporting seat (1) and the lower damping supporting seat (2) and is respectively fixedly connected with the upper damping supporting seat (1) and the lower damping supporting seat (2),
the limiting support pieces are uniformly distributed on the outer edge of the middle support plate (5), and good limiting and buffering effects are achieved between the lower support plate (3) and the lower bottom plate (106);
the upper damping supporting seat (1) and the lower damping supporting seat (2) are both made of buffer rubber,
a plurality of bearing rib plates (4) made of mild steel are uniformly arranged between the lower bottom plate (106) and the supporting plate,
the bearing rib plate (4) comprises an upper bearing part (4 a), an arc-shaped supporting part (4 b) and a lower bearing part (4 c) which are connected in sequence, the upper bearing part (4 a) is connected with the lower base plate (106), the lower bearing part (4 c) is connected with the lower supporting plate (3), connecting holes are arranged on the upper bearing part (4 a) and the lower bearing part (4 c), high-strength bolts are arranged on the connecting holes,
a plurality of limit sleeves (6) which are in one-to-one correspondence with the upper ends of the limit supporting pieces and are matched with the limit supporting pieces are fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the lower bottom plate (106),
a plurality of limiting columns (7) which correspond to the lower ends of the limiting supporting pieces one by one and are matched with the limiting supporting pieces are fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the lower supporting plate (3);
the limiting support part comprises
A cylindrical outer shell (8), one end of the outer shell (8) is provided with a supporting hole, the other end of the outer shell is provided with a bearing hole, the end surface of one side of the outer shell (8) with the supporting hole extends outwards to form a fixed flange (9), the outer shell (8) is fixed on the lower end surface of the middle supporting plate (5) through the fixed flange (9), the side end of the outer shell (8) is provided with a slot,
a limiting rod which is arranged at the inner side of the outer shell (8), the end part of the upper end of the limiting rod passes through the middle supporting plate (5) and extends into the limiting sleeve (6), a limiting edge (10) is formed at the bottom of the limiting rod,
the guide spring (11) is sleeved on the limiting rod and is positioned on the inner side of the outer shell (8), and two ends of the guide spring (11) respectively abut against the end face of the middle supporting plate (5) and the end face of the limiting edge (10);
the limiting sleeve (6) is in an annular column shape, an installation flange (12) is formed at the end part of the limiting sleeve (6), and the limiting sleeve (6) is fixedly arranged on the lower end face of the lower bottom plate (106) through the installation flange (12); a through hole for the limiting rod to pass through is formed in the middle supporting plate (5), a guide sleeve (13) with a guide hole is arranged on the through hole, the end part of the limiting rod penetrates out of the guide hole of the guide sleeve (13) and extends into the limiting sleeve (6), and the end surface of the upper end of the limiting rod is abutted against the lower end surface of the lower bottom plate (106);
the bottom end face of the limiting edge (10) abuts against the inner side end face of the outer shell (8) on the side where the limiting hole (14) is located, a limiting hole (14) extending into the limiting rod is formed in the end face, with the limiting edge (10), of the limiting rod, the limiting column (7) is inserted into the limiting hole (14) through a bearing hole and abuts against the inner end face of the limiting hole (14), a damping block (16) is fixedly arranged on the end face of the limiting column (7), two ends of the damping block (16) abut against the space between the inner end face of the limiting hole (14) and the end face of the limiting column (7) respectively, and the damping block (16) is hemispherical;
the limiting rod comprises
The upper end of the outer cylinder body (17) is inwards provided with a cylindrical placing cavity (18), a limiting edge (10) is integrally formed at the lower end of the outer side of the outer cylinder body (17), a limiting hole (14) is formed on the lower end surface of the outer cylinder body (17), the guide spring (11) is sleeved on the outer cylinder body (17), two ends of the guide spring (11) are respectively abutted against the limiting edge end surface outside the outer cylinder body (17) and the lower end surface of the middle supporting plate (5),
the inner cylinder body (19) is inserted in the outer cylinder body (17) and is coaxially arranged with the outer cylinder body (17), the inner cylinder body (19) is in sliding connection with the outer cylinder body (17), a cylindrical containing cavity (20) is formed in the upper end surface of the inner cylinder body (19), a sealing cover (21) is connected to the opening of the containing cavity (20) through threads,
the guide buffer column (22), the guide buffer column (22) comprises a guide section (22 a), a piston section (22 b) and a buffer section (22 c) which are connected in sequence from top to bottom; the guide buffer column (22) is arranged in the inner cylinder body (19), the guide section (22 a) penetrates out of the inner cylinder body (19) through the sealing cover (21) and then extends into the limiting sleeve (6) through the through hole, the end part of the guide section (22 a) is fixedly provided with a buffer head (23), the guide section (22 a) is sleeved with a return spring (24), one end of the return spring (24) is abutted against the buffer head (23), and the other end of the return spring is abutted against the upper end face of the intermediate support plate (5);
the piston section (22 b) is abutted against the inner wall of the inner cylinder body (19), the outer wall of the piston section (22 b) is provided with an annular groove, and an electromagnetic coil (25) is wound on the annular groove; the buffer section (22 c) is in a ring-column shape, the side wall of the buffer section (22 c) is provided with a plurality of damping holes (26) which are uniformly distributed according to the circumference, the bottom of the buffer section (22 c) is fixed with a buffer disc (27), and the buffer disc (27) is abutted against the inner wall of the inner cylinder body (19) and is connected with a slide way;
and MR fluid is filled in the inner cylinder body (19) and positioned at the lower end of the buffer disc (27), a flow gap is formed at the position of the buffer section (22 c) between the buffer disc (27) and the piston section (22 b), and the MR fluid can flow out of the damping hole (26) on the outer wall of the buffer section (22 c) and enter the flow gap.
2. The forging equipment for the automobile part blank as claimed in claim 1, further comprising an external controller and a start button, wherein the controller and the start button are matched to control the operation of the hydraulic driving device (107) and the on-off of the electromagnetic coil (25);
the lower end of the inner cylinder body (19) is abutted against the bottom of the placement cavity (18), and a buffer block (28) is arranged between the bottom of the inner cylinder body (19) and the bottom of the placement cavity (18); the diameter of the buffer head (23) is larger than that of the guide sections (22 a), the buffer head (23) is in sliding fit with the limiting sleeve (6), and a buffer sheet (34) is fixedly arranged on the end face of the buffer head.
3. The forging equipment for the automobile part blank as claimed in claim 2, wherein a plurality of protruding cylindrical limiting ribs (29) are arranged on the end surfaces of the middle supporting plate (5) respectively connected with the upper damping supporting seat (1) and the lower damping supporting seat (2), and a plurality of insertion holes (30) matched with the limiting ribs (29) are arranged on the upper damping supporting seat (1) and the lower damping supporting seat (2);
a supporting flange (31) which is abutted against the end face of the middle supporting plate (5) is formed at the upper end of the guide sleeve (13), a threaded hole is formed in the supporting flange (31), the guide sleeve (13) is fixedly connected with the middle supporting plate (5) through the supporting flange (31), and the reset spring (24) is abutted between the buffer head (23) and the supporting flange (31);
a support frame is arranged on the lower bottom plate (106), a position sensor (32) is arranged on the support frame, the position sensor (32) is electrically connected with the controller, a trigger rod (33) is arranged at the side end of the upper template (103), the position sensor (32) is triggered through the trigger rod (33), and the upper template (103) and the lower template (104) are just closed when the trigger rod (33) triggers the position sensor (32).
4. The forging apparatus for an automobile part blank as recited in claim 3, wherein the forging process by the forging apparatus comprises:
firstly, a forging piece is placed on a lower template (104),
clicking a start button, controlling a hydraulic driving device (107) to move downwards by a controller, so that an upper template (103) applies pressure to a lower template (104), and simultaneously controlling an electromagnetic coil (25) to be electrified to change the fluidity of the MR fluid, so as to increase the damping force of the MR fluid, thereby achieving a good buffering effect;
triggering by a position sensor (32) at the moment when the upper template (103) and the lower template (104) are closed, transmitting a signal into a controller, controlling the electromagnetic coil (25) to be electrified by the controller, and driving the hydraulic driving device (107) at the moment;
and fourthly, after the upper template (103) and the lower template (104) are closed for a preset time, the controller controls the hydraulic driving device (107) to reset, and then the forge piece is taken down.
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| CN202111026687.2A CN113732218B (en) | 2021-09-02 | 2021-09-02 | Forging process and forging equipment for automobile part blank |
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| CN202111026687.2A CN113732218B (en) | 2021-09-02 | 2021-09-02 | Forging process and forging equipment for automobile part blank |
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| CN113732218B true CN113732218B (en) | 2022-04-22 |
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| CN114701120B (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2023-09-22 | 台州市陆讯塑业股份有限公司 | Buffering guide device for injection molding machine |
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| CN209006502U (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2019-06-21 | 天津恒鸿鑫德机械有限公司 | A kind of processing mold for the nonstandard part of automobile |
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