CN113726044B - Motor rotor and self-starting synchronous reluctance motor - Google Patents

Motor rotor and self-starting synchronous reluctance motor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113726044B
CN113726044B CN202111080563.2A CN202111080563A CN113726044B CN 113726044 B CN113726044 B CN 113726044B CN 202111080563 A CN202111080563 A CN 202111080563A CN 113726044 B CN113726044 B CN 113726044B
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axis
rotor
slots
rotor core
end ring
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CN113726044A (en
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廖克亮
李世鹏
蒋云龙
史进飞
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Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
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Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/28—Means for mounting or fastening rotating magnetic parts on to, or to, the rotor structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K19/00—Synchronous motors or generators
    • H02K19/02—Synchronous motors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K19/00—Synchronous motors or generators
    • H02K19/02—Synchronous motors
    • H02K19/14—Synchronous motors having additional short-circuited windings for starting as asynchronous motors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Synchronous Machinery (AREA)

Abstract

The application provides a motor rotor and a self-starting synchronous reluctance motor. The motor rotor comprises a rotor core (1) and end rings (7) arranged at two ends of the rotor core (1), wherein a magnetic barrier groove is formed in the rotor core (1) and comprises a cast aluminum groove (5), guide bars (9) are arranged in the cast aluminum groove (5), the end rings (7) are connected with at least part of the guide bars (9) to form a loop, on the cross section perpendicular to the central axis of the rotor core (1), the radial width of one side of the end rings (7) is We, the cross section perpendicular to the central axis of the rotor core (1) of the guide bars (9) is Sr, and the width of the end rings (7) at any position is in direct proportion to the cross section of the guide bars (9) at the position where the end rings (7) form the loop. According to the motor rotor, the sectional area of the lower end ring at any time is equivalent to that of the conducting bars forming the loop, so that torque pulsation caused by sudden resistance change can be effectively improved, and the starting capability of the motor is ensured.

Description

Motor rotor and self-starting synchronous reluctance motor
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a motor rotor and a self-starting synchronous reluctance motor.
Background
The self-starting synchronous reluctance motor has the characteristics of both an asynchronous motor and a synchronous reluctance motor, and has the following basic characteristics:
1. an air groove is formed in the rotor along the axial direction, the air groove is called a magnetic barrier groove, and an iron core part formed between every two layers of magnetic barrier grooves is called a magnetic conduction channel;
2. the magnetic barrier grooves are completely or partially filled with conductive and non-magnetic conductive materials (such as aluminum) and are called conductive strips;
3. end rings are arranged at two axial ends of the rotor, the material of the end rings is the same as that of the conducting bars, and the end rings at the two ends of the rotor are connected with all or part of the conducting bars in the rotor groove to form a short circuit loop;
4. each pole of the rotor forms two symmetric axes, namely a D axis and a Q axis, wherein an axis approximately parallel to the magnetic conduction channel is called the D axis, and an axis approximately perpendicular to the magnetic conduction channel is called the Q axis.
The self-starting synchronous reluctance motor has the advantages that the asynchronous motor can be directly started without a frequency converter, the rotor does not have magnetic steel, and the reliability is high, and the synchronous reluctance motor stably runs in synchronization, high efficiency and high power density. In the industrial field, the fixed-frequency motor IE4 is broken through in energy efficiency, and meanwhile, the cost is lower.
The starting process of the self-starting synchronous reluctance motor is divided into a starting stage and a pulling stage, and the rotating speed is required to completely reach the synchronous rotating speed in the pulling stage, so the difficulty is high. To enhance the starting capability, it is desirable to reduce the rotor resistance, i.e. the resistance of the short-circuit ring formed by the bars and the end rings in the rotor.
In the starting process of the motor, the rotor moves relative to the magnetic field of the stator and has a rotation speed difference, and a rotor circuit is composed of different in-groove conducting bars and end rings at different moments. If the resistance is different at different time, the torque pulsation can be caused, and the starting capability is weakened.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a motor rotor and a self-starting synchronous reluctance motor, in which the sectional area of a lower end ring is equal to the sectional area of a conducting bar forming a loop at any time, so as to effectively improve torque ripple caused by sudden resistance change and ensure the starting capability of the motor.
In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides an electric machine rotor, including a rotor core and end rings disposed at two ends of the rotor core, where the rotor core is provided with a magnetic barrier groove, the magnetic barrier groove includes a cast aluminum groove, a conducting bar is disposed in the cast aluminum groove, the end ring is connected with at least part of the conducting bar to form a loop, on a cross section perpendicular to a central axis of the rotor core, a radial width of one side of the end ring is We, a cross section of the conducting bar perpendicular to the central axis of the rotor core is Sr, and a width of the end ring at any position is proportional to a cross section of the conducting bar at a loop formed by a heel end ring.
Preferably, the inner circumference of the end ring comprises a plurality of lines connected end to end in sequence in a cross section perpendicular to the central axis of the rotor core, and adjacent lines are connected in a smooth transition.
Preferably, the outer circumference of the end ring is circular, and the outer diameter of the end ring is De, nThe outer diameter of the sub-core is Dr, D e ≤D r 。
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
Figure BDA0003263839690000021
preferably, the one-sided radial width of the end ring decreases in a direction from the D-axis to the Q-axis.
Preferably, the total cross-sectional area of the cast aluminium channel in the current loop is ∑ S r X 2, the longitudinal cross-sectional area on one side of the end ring on the longitudinal section passing through the central axis of the rotor core is Se,
Figure BDA0003263839690000022
preferably, the end-ring is symmetric about the Q-axis.
Preferably, the angle between the longitudinal section of the end ring and the Q axis is deg, and the relationship between the unilateral radial width We of the end ring and deg is:
when the deg is more than or equal to 0 deg and less than 18 deg, the per unit value of We is 0.4-0.85;
when the deg is more than or equal to 18 deg and less than 36 deg, the per unit value of We is 0.5-0.9;
when the deg is more than or equal to 36 deg and less than 54 deg, the per unit value of We is 0.6-1.1;
when the deg is more than or equal to 54 deg and less than 72 deg, the per unit value of We is 0.75-1.2;
when deg is not less than 72 deg and not more than 90 deg, the per unit value of We is 0.8-1.
Preferably, on a cross section perpendicular to the central axis of the rotor core, the magnetic barrier grooves comprise D-axis magnetic barrier grooves, the D-axis magnetic barrier grooves comprise cast aluminum grooves, the D-axis magnetic barrier grooves further comprise non-cast aluminum grooves, the cast aluminum grooves are located at two ends of the non-cast aluminum grooves, and the cast aluminum grooves and the non-cast aluminum grooves are spaced through inner magnetic bridges.
Preferably, the magnetic barrier groove comprises a Q-axis magnetic barrier groove, and the Q-axis magnetic barrier groove comprises a cast aluminum groove.
Preferably, the lines are all arc lines.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a self-starting synchronous reluctance motor including a motor rotor as described above.
The application provides a motor rotor, including rotor core and the end ring of setting at rotor core both ends, the last magnetic barrier groove that is provided with of rotor core, the magnetic barrier groove is including casting the aluminium groove, it is provided with the conducting bar to cast the aluminium inslot, the end ring is connected with at least partial conducting bar and is formed the return circuit, on the cross section of the central axis of perpendicular to rotor core, the unilateral radial width of end ring is We, the cross-sectional area of the central axis of conducting bar perpendicular to rotor core is Sr, the width of end ring department at arbitrary position is directly proportional with the cross-sectional area of the conducting bar of following end annular formation return circuit department. The width of the end ring of the motor rotor at any position is in direct proportion to the cross sectional area of the conducting bars at the position, so that the width of the end ring is matched with the cross sectional area of the conducting bars, the longitudinal sectional area of the end ring is equivalent to the sectional area of the conducting bars forming a loop, and the resistance is equivalent, so that when current flows to the end ring from the conducting bars, the phenomenon of resistance mutation does not exist, the torque pulsation caused by the resistance mutation can be effectively improved, and the starting capability of the motor is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a rotor of an electric machine according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a rotor core structure of a rotor of an electric machine according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a rotor current circuit of a rotor of an electric machine according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a rotor current circuit of a rotor of an electric machine according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a rotor current circuit of a rotor of an electric machine according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a rotor of an electric machine according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic rotor current circuit diagram of a rotor of an electric machine according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional end view of a rotor of an electric machine according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a magnetic barrier groove structure of a rotor of an electric machine according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 is a graph comparing the starting capability of a rotor of an electric machine according to an embodiment of the present application with a rotor of a related art electric machine.
The reference numerals are represented as:
1. a rotor core; 2. a Q-axis magnetic barrier groove; 3. a D-axis magnetic barrier groove; 4. a central shaft hole; 5. casting an aluminum groove; 6. a non-cast aluminum trough; 7. an end ring; 8. an inner magnetic bridge; 9. and (7) conducting strips.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 10 in combination, according to the embodiment of the present application, the rotor of the electric machine includes a rotor core 1 and end rings 7 disposed at two ends of the rotor core 1, a magnetic barrier groove is disposed on the rotor core 1, the magnetic barrier groove includes a cast aluminum groove 5, a conducting bar 9 is disposed in the cast aluminum groove 5, the end rings 7 are connected with at least part of the conducting bar 9 to form a loop, a radial width of one side of the end ring 7 is We, a cross-sectional area of the conducting bar 9 perpendicular to a central axis of the rotor core 1 is Sr, and a width of the end ring 7 at any position is proportional to a cross-sectional area of the conducting bar 9 where the heel end ring 7 forms the loop. The term "forming a loop" used herein means that the phase difference between the end ring 7 and the conducting bar 9 is 90 ° when viewed from the cross section of the rotor sheet.
The width of the end ring 7 of the motor rotor at any position is in direct proportion to the cross-sectional area of the conducting bar 9 at the position, the width of the end ring 7 can be matched with the cross-sectional area of the conducting bar 9, the longitudinal sectional area of the end ring 7 is equivalent to the cross-sectional area of the conducting bar 9 forming a loop, namely the larger the current flow cross section of the conducting bar 9 is, the larger the current flow cross section of the end ring 7 is, the equivalent resistance is, and the current flow cross section of the conducting bar 9 is in direct proportion to the current flow cross section of the end ring 7, so that the current flow cross section of the conducting bar 9 and the current flow cross section of the end ring 7 can be always matched, when current flows from the conducting bar 9 to the end ring 7, the phenomenon of sudden resistance change does not exist, the torque pulsation caused by the sudden resistance change can be effectively improved, and the starting capability of the motor is improved.
In the present embodiment, the conducting bars 9 are formed by an electrically and magnetically non-conductive material filled into the cast aluminum slot 5, and all or part of the conducting bars 9 are shorted together by the end ring 7 to form a loop. The electrically and magnetically nonconductive material is, for example, aluminum or copper. The end ring 7 is made of an electrically and magnetically conductive material, as is the case with the conducting bars 9.
In one embodiment, the height He of the end ring 7 is constant.
In one embodiment, the inner circumference of the end ring 7 comprises a plurality of lines connected end to end in a cross-section perpendicular to the central axis of the rotor core 1, with smooth transitions between adjacent lines. In this embodiment, since the width of the end ring 7 needs to be adapted to the cross-sectional area of the conducting bars 9, the width of the end ring 7 needs to be adjusted according to the cross-sectional area of the conducting bars 9, for a reluctance motor, the edge position of each layer of magnetic barrier groove generally needs to be cast with aluminum, the position adjacent to the Q axis can be cast with aluminum or without cast with aluminum, when cast with aluminum is not performed, the outer circumferential shape of the end ring 7 matches the outer circumferential shape of the rotor core 1, and the inner circumferential shape is adaptively adjusted according to the change of the cross-sectional area of the conducting bars 9, which is most advantageous for the molding of the motor rotor, in this case, the width of the end ring 7 can be adjusted according to the change of the cross-sectional area of the conducting bars 9, so as to reduce the difficulty in molding the end ring 7.
In one embodiment, the lines are arc lines, so that the width change of the end ring 7 is smoother, abrupt change is avoided, and abrupt change of the resistance is effectively avoided.
In one embodiment, the inner circumference of the end ring 7 has a rhomboid shape, but may have an elliptical shape.
In one embodiment, the outer circumference of the end ring 7 is circular, the outer diameter of the end ring 7 is De, and the outer diameter of the rotor core 1 is Dr, D e ≤D r 。
In one embodiment of the present invention,
Figure BDA0003263839690000041
by defining the proportional relationship between De and Dr, the outer diameter of the end ring 7 can be made as large as possible, thereby further increasing the area of the end ring, reducing the rotor resistance, and improving the starting capability of the motor.
In one embodiment, the radial width of one side of the end ring 7 decreases along the direction from the D axis to the Q axis, and the width of the conducting bar 9 in the direction from the D axis to the Q axis decreases, so that the resistance is not changed too much when the rotor rotates to any position, and the starting torque is stable.
In one embodiment, the total cross-sectional area of the cast aluminium slot 5 in the current loop is ∑ S r X 2, the longitudinal sectional area on one side of the end ring 7 in a longitudinal section passing through the center axis of the rotor core 1 is Se,
Figure BDA0003263839690000051
the conducting bars 9 in the current loop are symmetrically arranged, the cross sectional area of the conducting bars 9 is sigma Sr multiplied by 2, the cross sectional area of the end ring is Se, and the ratio of the two is in the range, so that the loop resistance can be ensured to be small, and the starting capability of the motor is strong.
The cross-sectional area of the conductor 9 in the direction from the D axis to the Q axis is Sr1, sr2, sr3 \8230, where the cross-sectional area of the conductor 9 in the Q-axis barrier groove on the Q axis is Srn, ∑ Sr = Sr1+ Sr2+ \8230 ++ Srn.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention,
Figure BDA0003263839690000052
in one embodiment, the end ring 7 is symmetrical about the Q axis, and the conducting bars 9 are symmetrical about the Q axis, so that the end ring 7 and the conducting bars 9 of the motor form a symmetrical structure, thereby providing more uniform resistance change and further reducing the possibility of resistance abrupt change.
In one embodiment, the longitudinal section of the end ring 7 has an angle deg to the Q-axis, and the relationship between the radial width We of one side of the end ring 7 and deg is:
when the deg is more than or equal to 0 deg and less than 18 deg, the per unit value of We is 0.4-0.85;
when deg is more than or equal to 18 deg and less than 36 deg, the per unit value of We is 0.5-0.9;
when the deg is more than or equal to 36 deg and less than 54 deg, the per unit value of We is 0.6-1.1;
when the deg is more than or equal to 54 deg and less than 72 deg, the per unit value of We is 0.75-1.2;
when the deg is more than or equal to 72 deg and less than or equal to 90 deg, the per unit value of We is 0.8-1.
Through the limitation, the widths of the lower end rings 7 at different positions can be restrained, so that the resistance change of the motor rotor at different times is ensured to be small, sudden resistance change does not exist, the starting capability of the motor is improved, and the starting torque stability in the rotating process of the rotor is ensured. The advantage of per unit value is that it is not dependent on the actual value, and is suitable for any caliber motor.
In one embodiment, in a cross section perpendicular to the central axis of the rotor core 1, the magnetic barrier groove comprises a D-axis magnetic barrier groove 3, the D-axis magnetic barrier groove 3 comprises a cast aluminum groove 5, the D-axis magnetic barrier groove 3 further comprises a non-cast aluminum groove 6, the cast aluminum groove 5 is positioned at two ends of the non-cast aluminum groove 6, and the cast aluminum groove 5 and the non-cast aluminum groove 6 are separated by an inner magnetic bridge 8.
In one embodiment, the magnetic barrier grooves comprise Q-axis magnetic barrier grooves 2, and the Q-axis magnetic barrier grooves 2 are cast aluminum grooves 5.
In this embodiment, the channel formed between the adjacent D-axis magnetic barrier slots 3 is a magnetic conduction channel, and a magnetic path channel can be formed in the working process of the motor for magnetic lines to flow through.
The rotor core 1 is provided with a plurality of groups of air slots with the same shape as the magnetic barrier slots, and the number of the groups of the air slots is the number of the rotor poles. Each group of air grooves is divided into a plurality of layers along the axis Q, each layer of air grooves is adjacent to the magnetic conduction channel along the axis Q, and the outermost edge along the axis D is provided with an external magnetic bridge which is adjacent to the air gap.
Referring to fig. 10 in combination, after the end ring 7 of the embodiment of the present application is used, the starting capability of the motor is improved by more than 100% compared with that of a motor using a conventional end ring in the related art, so that the starting capability of the motor is greatly improved.
According to an embodiment of the application, a self-starting synchronous reluctance machine comprises a machine rotor as described above.
It is readily understood by a person skilled in the art that the advantageous ways described above can be freely combined, superimposed without conflict.
The present invention is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments shown and described, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features herein disclosed. The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present application, and these modifications and variations should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (11)

1. An electric machine rotor, characterized by comprising a rotor core (1) and end rings (7) arranged at two ends of the rotor core (1), wherein a magnetic barrier groove is arranged on the rotor core (1), the magnetic barrier groove comprises a cast aluminum groove (5), a guide bar (9) is arranged in the cast aluminum groove (5), the end rings (7) are connected with at least part of the guide bar (9) to form a loop, the cross section perpendicular to the central axis of the rotor core (1) has a unilateral radial width We, the cross section perpendicular to the central axis of the rotor core (1) of the guide bar (9) is Sr, the unilateral radial width of the end rings (7) at any position is in proportion to the cross section of the guide bar (9) forming a loop with the end rings (7), the unilateral radial width of the end rings (7) is in a position where the guide bar (9) at the loop contacts the end rings (7), the unilateral radial width of the end rings (7) decreases along the direction from the D axis to the Q axis, and the guide bar (9) decreases along the direction from the D axis to the Q axis.
2. An electric machine rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner circumference of the end ring (7) comprises a plurality of lines connected end to end in sequence in a cross-section perpendicular to the centre axis of the rotor core (1), with smooth transitions between adjacent lines.
3. The electric machine rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer circumference of the end ring (7) is circular, the outer diameter of the end ring (7) is De, the outer diameter of the rotor core (1) is Dr,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
。
4. the electric machine rotor of claim 3,
Figure 729229DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
。
5. an electric machine rotor, according to claim 1, characterized in that the total cross-sectional area of the cast aluminium slots (5) in the current circuit is
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Wherein, in a longitudinal section passing through a central axis of the rotor core (1), a one-side longitudinal sectional area of the end ring (7) is Se,
Figure 708686DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
。
6. an electric machine rotor according to claim 1, characterised in that the end ring (7) is symmetrical about the Q-axis.
7. An electric machine rotor, according to claim 6, characterised in that the angle between the longitudinal section of the end ring (7) and the Q-axis is deg, the relationship between the radial width We of the end ring (7) on one side and deg being:
when the deg is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than 18 degrees, the per unit value of We is 0.4 to 0.85;
when the deg is more than or equal to 18 degrees and less than 36 degrees, the per unit value of We is 0.5 to 0.9;
when the deg is more than or equal to 36 degrees and less than 54 degrees, the per unit value of We is 0.6 to 1.1;
when the deg is more than or equal to 54 degrees and less than 72 degrees, the per unit value of We is 0.75 to 1.2;
when deg is more than or equal to 72 deg and less than or equal to 90 deg, the per unit value of We is 0.8-1.
8. An electric machine rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that, in a cross-section perpendicular to the central axis of the rotor core (1), the barrier slots comprise D-axis barrier slots (3), the D-axis barrier slots (3) comprise the cast aluminum slots (5), the D-axis barrier slots (3) further comprise non-cast aluminum slots (6), the cast aluminum slots (5) are located at both ends of the non-cast aluminum slots (6), and the cast aluminum slots (5) and the non-cast aluminum slots (6) are spaced apart by an inner magnetic bridge (8).
9. An electric machine rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that the barrier slots comprise Q-axis barrier slots (2), the Q-axis barrier slots (2) comprising cast aluminium slots (5).
10. An electric machine rotor as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that the lines are all arcuate lines.
11. A self-starting synchronous reluctance machine comprising a machine rotor, characterized in that the machine rotor is as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10.
CN202111080563.2A 2021-09-15 2021-09-15 Motor rotor and self-starting synchronous reluctance motor Active CN113726044B (en)

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