CN113722786B - Garden topography reconstruction method for increasing solid waste digestion amount - Google Patents
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- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
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- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste utilization and landscaping, and relates to a method for reconstructing garden terrains, which increases the amount of solid waste to be consumed: 1) Determining the particle size of solid waste materials; 2) Determining a grade ratio according to the particle size; 3) Obtaining the weight and internal friction angle of the solid waste material according to the grading ratio; 4) Constructing a plurality of pile face models of garden terrains, and obtaining terrain parameters of a plurality of groups of pile face models; 5) Obtaining stability coefficients F of a plurality of groups of terrain slopes according to the gravity, the internal friction angle, each group of terrain parameters and arbor parameters to be planted on the garden terrain S The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the 6) Comparison results in F s ≥F st Time stability coefficient F S The corresponding slope height and the maximum slope included angle, thereby calculating the maximum absorption amount. The invention combines the root fixing effect of plant root systems and the particle size of solid waste, corrects the calculation method of the stability of the terrain slope, determines the optimal safe slope piling included angle, improves the absorption amount, has good safety, changes waste into valuable, and realizes the reutilization of solid waste.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste utilization and landscaping, and relates to a method for reconstructing garden terrains, which increases the amount of solid waste.
Background
At present, the quantity of solid waste garbage is increased day by day while the urban and industrialized development is carried out, the solid waste occupies a wider area, and the environment pollution is serious, so that the concept of green ecology and sustainable development cannot be satisfied. Therefore, the solid wastes are required to be recycled, and waste materials are changed into valuable materials. Researchers have proposed using solid waste for garden terrain reconstruction, however, in the implementation process, the following problems exist:
(1) Since the occupied area of the reconstructed terrain is generally limited, and in order to increase the consumption of the terrain, the construction is realized by pile slope design in the process of terrain construction; meanwhile, the larger the included angle of the pile slope is, the more the consumption is, and the higher the utilization rate is; however, the overlarge included angle can affect the overall stability and safety;
(2) The size of the solid waste particle size has great influence on the included angle of a pile slope and the consumption, thereby affecting the stability and the safety;
(3) When the existing garden topography is reproduced, the dilemma of safe calculation support is lacking, so that the balance among the included angle of the pile slope, the consumption and the safety is difficult to achieve;
(4) In addition, the growth of root systems of arbor plants planted on the heap slope has root fixing effect, and influences the included angle of the heap slope, so that the consumption and the stability are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the background technology, the invention provides a garden topography reconstruction method for increasing the solid waste digestion amount, which is used for correcting a topography slope stability calculation method by combining the root fixing effect of plant root systems and the solid waste grain size, determining the optimal safe slope piling included angle, improving the digestion amount, ensuring good safety, changing waste into valuables and realizing solid waste recycling.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a garden topography reconstruction method for increasing the solid waste consumption comprises the following steps:
1) Determining the particle size of solid waste materials;
2) Determining the grade ratio according to the particle size of the solid waste materials;
3) Obtaining the weight and internal friction angle of the solid waste material according to the grading ratio;
4) Setting the height of a side slope of a landscape topography, selecting different side slope included angles, constructing a plurality of pile face models of the landscape topography, and obtaining topography parameters of a plurality of groups of pile face models;
5) Obtaining the stability coefficients F of a plurality of groups of terrain slopes according to the gravity and the internal friction angle obtained in the step 3), each group of terrain parameters obtained in the step 4) and arbor parameters to be planted on the garden terrain S ；
6) Multiple groups of stable coefficients F obtained in step 5) S Respectively with the slope stability safety coefficient F st Comparing to obtain F s ≥F st Stability factor F at the time S The corresponding slope height and the maximum slope included angle, thereby calculating the maximum absorption amount.
Further, in the step 1), the solid waste materials include concrete fragments, bricks, wood and glass.
Further, the proportion of the wood and the glass is not more than 3% of the total proportion of the solid waste materials.
Further, the step 2) includes the following specific procedures:
2.1 According to the particle size of the solid waste material, dividing the solid waste material into a large particle size, a medium particle size and a small particle size;
2.2 For the large particle size and the medium particle size, the mixing ratio of the medium particle size and the large particle size corresponding to the maximum compaction coefficient is obtained by a method of combining step-by-step lifting proportion and determination of the compaction coefficient;
2.3 On the basis of the doping ratio obtained in the step 2.2), changing the doping ratio of the small particle size, and obtaining the grade ratio of the small particle size, the medium particle size and the large particle size corresponding to the maximum compaction coefficient by measuring the compaction coefficient.
Further, the particle size range F1 of the large particle size is more than or equal to 19cm and less than or equal to F1 and less than or equal to 30cm; the particle size range F2 of the medium particle size is more than or equal to 9.5cm and less than 19cm; the particle size range F3 of the small particle size is 4.75cm less than or equal to F3 and less than 9.5cm.
Further, in the step 4), any one of the plurality of built-up face models is set upDividing the model into a plurality of strips, numbering the strips in sequence, and obtaining corresponding topographic parameters on each strip; the topographic parameters are calculated stability factors F of the side slope S The parameters required.
Further, in the step 5), the stability factor F of the side slope S The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein:
i-the number of the strip block,
n-number of bars;
m 0i -the quality of the waste filled with the ith bar;
c i -slip face cohesion of the ith bar, kPa;
l i -the slip length of the ith bar, m;
θ i -slip angle of the ith bar; the sliding surface tends to take a positive value when the sliding surface tends to be the same as the sliding direction, and takes a negative value when the sliding surface tends to be opposite to the sliding direction;
G i -dead weight per width of the ith bar, kN/m;
G bi -vertical additional load per unit width of the ith bar, kN/m; the direction takes a positive value when pointing downwards, and takes a negative value when pointing upwards;
N i -the tie force of the main root system of the arbor to be planted on the soil;
-sliding in-plane friction angle of the ith bar.
In the step 6), the slope stability safety factor F st Is an evaluation standard specified in GB 50330-2013 technical Specification for construction side slope engineering.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. according to the invention, on the basis of considering the root fixing effect of the root system of arbor plants, the slope stability coefficient of the circular arc sliding surface of the terrain is corrected, the slope stability coefficient of different solid waste grain sizes in the construction of the terrain is calculated, the maximum included angle of the slope of the terrain is judged according to the size of the stability coefficient, the safety is ensured, the slope is maintained at the maximum included angle, the solid waste absorption amount is the maximum, and the solid waste containing amount is improved.
2. According to the invention, the influence of plant root systems on slope stability is quantitatively analyzed and converted into the influence factors, so that the slope stability coefficient of the circular arc-shaped sliding surface is corrected, the dilemma that the current mountain pile slope lacks safe calculation support is solved, the application is wide, and the stability and safety are good.
3. According to the invention, solid waste materials are selected as filling materials of garden terrains, so that waste materials are changed into valuable materials, and the purpose of reutilization of solid waste resources is realized; the solid waste materials can be contained to the maximum extent, and the utilization rate is improved; in addition, the proportion of the wood and the glass is not more than 3%, so that the stacking quality is ensured to meet the requirements of garden terrains.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an established face-of-pile model;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the reconstruction of the garden topography when the root system influence is considered.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples.
Example 1
The garden topography reconstruction method for increasing the waste digestion amount provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
1) Determining the particle size of solid waste material
In this embodiment, the solid waste materials include concrete fragments, bricks, wood and glass, wherein the wood and glass have a specific gravity of not more than 3% of the total specific gravity of the solid waste materials, because wood and glass are impurities with respect to the concrete fragments and bricks, but in order to effectively utilize these solid wastes, the contents thereof are controlled to ensure the final stacking quality.
The particle size was determined for the above solid waste, see specifically table 1, and 7 different particle sizes were divided.
2) Determining the grade ratio according to the particle size of the solid waste material
2.1 According to the particle size of the solid waste material, dividing the solid waste material into a large particle size, a medium particle size and a small particle size;
in the embodiment, the particle size range F1 of the large particle size is 19cm < F1 < 30cm; the particle size range F2 of the medium particle size is more than or equal to 9.5cm and less than 19cm; the particle size range F3 of the small particle size is 4.75cm and less than or equal to F3 and less than 9.5cm;
2.2 For the large particle size and the medium particle size, the mixing ratio of the medium particle size and the large particle size corresponding to the maximum compaction coefficient is obtained by a method of combining step-by-step lifting proportion and determination of the compaction coefficient;
the specific method comprises the steps of firstly determining a large particle size and medium particle size doping ratio, and then measuring the compaction coefficient; continuously changing the mixing ratio of the large particle size to the medium particle size by a step-by-step calculation method to obtain a plurality of compaction coefficients; according to the size of the compaction coefficient, obtaining the doping ratio of the medium grain diameter to the large grain diameter corresponding to the maximum compaction coefficient;
2.3 On the basis of the doping ratio obtained in the step 2.2), continuously changing the adding proportion of small particle size, and obtaining the grade proportion of small particle size, medium particle size and large particle size corresponding to the maximum compaction coefficient by measuring the compaction coefficient; see in particular table 2;
TABLE 2 grading Table with different particle sizes
In the implementation, the solid waste material also comprises a plurality of fine particles with the particle size smaller than 4.75cm, so that gaps can be filled conveniently, two groups of grading ratios with different particle sizes are finally obtained, and the particle size of the grading 2 is slightly larger than that of the grading 1.
3) Obtaining the gravity and internal friction angle of the solid waste material according to the grading ratio
In this example, physical and mechanical indexes (weight and internal friction angle) of the solid waste materials formed by the above two gradation ratios were measured as earth-filled materials on the topography, and the results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 physical and mechanical indexes of different stages of filling materials
| Packing material | Severe (kN/m) 3 ) | Internal friction angle (°) |
| Grading 1 | 20 | 40 |
| Grading 2 | 18 | 35 |
In order to determine the internal friction angle of a bulk material, the moire envelope of such a material must first be determined experimentally. Moire envelope curves of the bulk materials can be measured by two methods, in particular a triaxial compression test and a direct shear test, and the two methods can be adopted to obtain the corresponding internal friction angles of the grading 1 and the grading 2.
In this example, since the gravity=density×gravity acceleration (constant 10N/kg) is adopted, the gravity corresponding to the gradation 1 and the gradation 2 is obtained by the conventional method, and the density (unit: kg/m) of the solid waste at different ratios is further obtained 3 )。
Thus, the solid waste density of the gradation 1 was 2000kg/m 3 The solid waste density of the grading 2 is 1800kg/m 3 。
4) Setting the height of a side slope of a garden terrain, selecting different side slope angles, constructing a plurality of piling surface models of the garden terrain, and obtaining the terrain parameters of a plurality of groups of piling surface models
In this embodiment, the height of the slope is determined to be 20m, then different included angles are set, the size of the included angles starts from 20 degrees, the frequency of the included angles is increased to 60 degrees in sequence, and a plurality of piling surface models are obtained according to the height and the included angles.
When a piling surface model is constructed, in order to ensure the accuracy of calculation, taking the distance from the toe to the left side boundary to be not less than 1.5 times of the height of the slope, taking the distance from the top to the right side boundary to be not less than 2.5 times of the height of the slope, and taking the total height of the upper boundary and the lower boundary to be 2 times of the height of the slope;
specifically, referring to fig. 1, h represents a slope height; b1 represents the width of the downhill platform; b2 represents the width of the uphill platform; l represents the slope width.
For a plurality of constructed piling surface models, taking any one piling surface model, dividing the piling surface model into a plurality of strips according to the overall topography of the piling surface model, numbering the strips in sequence, and obtaining the corresponding topography parameter on each strip, wherein the topography parameter is equal to a stability coefficient F S Calculating related parameters;
by the method, the terrain parameters of a plurality of groups of strip blocks on the corresponding piling surface model are obtained through processing each piling surface model;
5) Obtaining the stability coefficients F of a plurality of groups of terrain slopes according to the gravity and the internal friction angle obtained in the step 3), each group of terrain parameters obtained in the step 4) and arbor parameters to be planted on the garden terrain S ；
In this embodiment, the stability factor F of the side slope S The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein:
i-the number of the strip block,
n-number of bars; when the method is implemented, the land block is divided into n strip blocks according to the topography, and then the n strip blocks are numbered in sequence;
m 0i -the quality of the waste filled with the ith bar; in the embodiment, the mass of the solid waste is density x volume, the density is the density obtained in the step 3), and the volume is the volume of the bar;
c i -slip face cohesion of the ith bar, kPa; in this embodiment, the slip surface cohesion is obtained according to the existing technical method;
l i -the slip length of the ith bar, m; in this embodiment, the sliding surface length is measured according to the prior art method;
θ i -slip angle of the ith bar; the sliding surface tends to take a positive value when the sliding surface tends to be the same as the sliding direction, and takes a negative value when the sliding surface tends to be opposite to the sliding direction; in this embodiment, the slip angle is obtained according to the prior art method;
G i -dead weight per width of the ith bar, kN/m; in this embodiment, the width deadweight is obtained according to the prior art method;
G bi -vertical additional load per unit width of the ith bar, kN/m; the direction takes a positive value when pointing downwards, and takes a negative value when pointing upwards; in this embodiment, the vertical additional load per unit width is obtained according to the existing technical method;
N i -the tie force of the main root system of the arbor to be planted on the soil; related to the species of arbor to be planted on the terrain;
-sliding in-plane friction angle of the ith bar, see data in table 3;
in this embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the influence of the plant root system on the slope stability is quantitatively analyzed, converted into an influence factor, the tie acting force N of the main root system of the arbor on the soil is introduced, and the existing slope stability coefficient calculation formula of the circular arc sliding surface is corrected, so as to obtain the formula, so as to ensure the accuracy of the maximum included angle of the actual topography;
in this embodiment, the topography parameters on the plurality of bars of each piling surface model obtained in the step 4) are respectively substituted into a stability parameter calculation formula to obtain a stability coefficient of each piling surface model; the pile faces (the pile faces with the heights being 20m and the included angles being different) correspond to the stability coefficients.
6) Step by stepMultiple sets of stability factors F obtained in step 5) S Respectively with the slope stability safety coefficient F st Comparing to obtain F s ≥F st Stability factor F at the time S The corresponding slope height and the maximum slope included angle, thereby calculating the maximum absorption amount.
In this embodiment, for a model of a stacking surface with a slope height of 20m and different slope angles, the stability factor F obtained in this embodiment is calculated s Safety factor F for slope stability as defined in slope stability evaluation criteria st A comparison is made.
In this embodiment, the slope stability evaluation criteria can be referred to the evaluation criteria (see table 4) specified in GB 50330-2013 "construction engineering Specification for side slope", and the actual stability factor obtained is required to satisfy the safety criteria, F s ≥F st 。
TABLE 4 safety coefficient for slope stability F st
According to comparative standard F s ≥F st Is determined that the stability factor F meeting the stability requirement in the embodiment s Determining the corresponding gradient included angle and the gradient height, wherein the gradient included angle is the maximum included angle, and then obtaining the maximum digestion amount according to the model (included angle and height) corresponding to the maximum included angle and the grading ratio of the solid waste, and the result is shown in Table 5;
furthermore, during implementation, the terrain height, the slope gradient included angle and the pile material parameters of the slope can be input into the calculation software through the existing correction rock-soil calculation and analysis software, so that whether the slope is safe or not can be determined.
In this embodiment, each gradation is performed twice, and two maximum included angle values are obtained.
In this embodiment, the above calculation process is repeated for two different gradation ratios, so as to obtain corresponding results under different gradation ratios, see table 4.
Example 2
Unlike example 1, the side slope height was 30m.
At the slope height of this example, the same method as in example 1 was used to obtain a maximum included angle corresponding to a slope of 30m, and then according to a model corresponding to the maximum included angle, the grading ratio of solid waste was combined to obtain the maximum amount of absorption, and the results are shown in table 4.
Example 3
Unlike example 1, the side slope height was 40m.
At the slope height of this example, the same method as in example 1 was used to obtain a maximum included angle corresponding to a slope of 40m, and then the maximum amount of absorption was obtained by combining the grading ratio of the solid waste according to the model corresponding to the maximum included angle, and the results are shown in table 4.
Example 4
Unlike example 1, the side slope height was 50m.
At the slope height of this example, the same method as in example 1 was used to obtain a maximum included angle corresponding to a slope of 50m, and then the maximum amount of absorption was obtained by combining the grading ratio of the solid waste according to the model corresponding to the maximum included angle, and the results are shown in table 5.
TABLE 5 included angles, stability factors and maximum consumption calculation results for different gradations
As can be seen from table 5:
1) When the heights are the same, the larger the particle size of solid waste particles with different gradations is, the smaller the maximum included angle is, but the stability and the consumption are the same; the particle size only affects the maximum included angle;
2) When the gradation ratio is the same, the height of the side slope is increased, the included angle of the maximum gradient is increased firstly and then decreased, and the stability coefficient is also increased firstly and then decreased; and when the height of the side slope is 30m, the maximum gradient included angle is the maximum, and the stability coefficient is the maximum; the height of the side slope is minimum when 50 m; however, the height of the side slope rises, the absorption amount is maximum, which means that the higher the slope is, the larger the absorption amount is, but the relative stability is not high;
finally, the stability coefficient of table 5 is sized, the largest included angle and the slope height corresponding to the grading 1 and the grading 2 are obtained, the terrain reconstruction is completed, and then corresponding arbor is planted on the solid waste material, so that the reutilization of the solid waste is realized, the solid waste consumption is ensured to the greatest extent, and the terrain stability and the safety are ensured.
Claims (6)
1. A garden topography reconstruction method for increasing the solid waste consumption is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) Determining the particle size of solid waste materials;
2) Determining a grade ratio according to the particle size of the solid waste material;
2.1 According to the particle size of the solid waste material, dividing the solid waste material into a large particle size, a medium particle size and a small particle size;
2.2 For the large particle size and the medium particle size, the mixing ratio of the medium particle size and the large particle size corresponding to the maximum compaction coefficient is obtained by a method of combining step-by-step lifting proportion and determination of the compaction coefficient;
2.3 Changing the adding proportion of small grain size based on the doping ratio obtained in the step 2.2), and obtaining the grade proportion of small grain size, medium grain size and large grain size corresponding to the maximum compaction coefficient by measuring the compaction coefficient;
3) Obtaining the weight and internal friction angle of the solid waste material according to the grading ratio;
4) Setting the height of a side slope of a landscape topography, selecting different side slope included angles, constructing a plurality of pile face models of the landscape topography, and obtaining topography parameters of a plurality of groups of pile face models;
5) Obtaining the stability coefficients F of a plurality of groups of terrain slopes according to the gravity and the internal friction angle obtained in the step 3), each group of terrain parameters obtained in the step 4) and arbor parameters to be planted on the garden terrain S ；
In the step 5), the stability factor F of the side slope S The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein:
i-the number of the strip block,
n-number of bars;
m 0i -the quality of the waste filled with the ith bar;
c i -slip face cohesion of the ith bar, kPa;
l i -the slip length of the ith bar, m;
θ i -slip angle of the ith bar; the sliding surface tends to take a positive value when the sliding surface tends to be the same as the sliding direction, and takes a negative value when the sliding surface tends to be opposite to the sliding direction;
G i -dead weight per width of the ith bar, kN/m;
G bi -vertical additional load per unit width of the ith bar, kN/m; the direction takes a positive value when pointing downwards, and takes a negative value when pointing upwards;
N i -the tie force of the main root system of the arbor to be planted on the soil;
-sliding in-plane friction angle of the ith bar;
6) Multiple groups of stable coefficients F obtained in step 5) S Respectively with the slope stability safety coefficient F st Comparing to obtain F s ≥F st Stability factor F at the time S The corresponding slope height and the maximum slope included angle, thereby calculating the maximum absorption amount.
2. The method for reconstructing garden terrains for increasing the amount of solid waste in accordance with claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in said step 1), the solid waste material includes concrete fragments, bricks, wood and glass.
3. The method for reconstructing garden terrains for increasing the amount of solid waste in accordance with claim 2, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the proportion of the wood and the glass is not more than 3% of the total proportion of the solid waste materials.
4. A method for reconstructing garden terrains with increased solid waste digestion according to claim 3, wherein: the particle size range F1 of the large particle size is 19cm or more and F1 or less than 30cm or less; the particle size range F2 of the medium particle size is more than or equal to 9.5cm and less than 19cm; the particle size range F3 of the small particle size is 4.75cm less than or equal to F3 and less than 9.5cm.
5. The method for reconstructing garden terrains with increased solid waste digestion according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 4), for the constructed multiple piling surface models, dividing any piling surface model into multiple strips, numbering the strips in sequence, and obtaining the corresponding terrain parameters on each strip.
6. The method for reconstructing the garden topography for increasing the amount of waste digestion according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 6), the slope stability safety factor F st Is an evaluation standard specified in GB 50330-2013 technical Specification for construction side slope engineering.
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