CN113721100A - Lightning arrester online monitoring device capable of performing fault early warning and control method thereof - Google Patents
Lightning arrester online monitoring device capable of performing fault early warning and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/0022—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry for sensing the radiation of moving bodies
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- G01R15/18—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers
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- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
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- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
- G01R19/17—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values giving an indication of the number of times this occurs, i.e. multi-channel analysers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses an arrester on-line monitoring device capable of performing fault early warning and a control method thereof, and relates to the technical field of arrester state monitoring. The lightning arrester on-line monitoring device capable of performing fault early warning and the control method thereof solve the defects that the traditional mechanical pointer type lightning arrester monitor is inaccurate in monitoring data and cannot perform self-checking on the device. According to the invention, a passive mechanical pointer and active digital display double display scheme is adopted to improve the accuracy of full current detection, so that maintenance and inspection personnel can find the equipment states of the lightning arrester and the lightning arrester on-line monitoring device in time, the defects that the traditional passive mechanical pointer type lightning arrester on-line monitoring device is inaccurate in monitoring data and the device cannot be self-checked are effectively overcome, energy is obtained through a photovoltaic intelligent charging management circuit and a lithium battery is charged, the device has long endurance time and long working time, manpower, material resources and time are saved, and the device is ensured to efficiently complete the monitoring task of the running state of the lightning arrester.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lightning arrester state monitoring, in particular to a lightning arrester on-line monitoring device capable of performing fault early warning and a control method thereof.
Background
At present, most of domestic on-line monitoring instruments for the lightning arresters monitor the running conditions of the lightning arresters by measuring the total current of the lightning arresters and by means of pointing a mechanical pointer to a current dial scale, and when lightning stroke occurs, the numerical value of a mechanical lightning stroke counter on the monitoring instrument is increased. But its shortcoming is that measured data accuracy is not high, and this kind of mechanical pointer formula monitor is when the pointer jam, and the correct state of arrester can't be judged to the inspection personnel simultaneously. Moreover, the monitor is seriously dependent on the active observation of patrolmen, and the problems that data exceeds the standard, but the patrolmen cannot find the data in time, the lightning arrester state cannot be monitored due to the blockage of the pointer of the monitor or even damage, and the patrolmen cannot identify the data easily occur under the condition of large-scale application of a transformer substation. For areas with frequent lightning strikes, the monitor cannot count the size and time of lightning strike current and cannot make early failure early warning of the lightning arrester.
In addition, according to the regulations of "preventive test procedure for electric power equipment" (DL/T596-1996) and "test Standard for handing over Electrical Equipment for Electrical installation engineering" (GB 50150-2006): measuring the continuous current of the lightning arrester under the continuous operation voltage, comparing the measured value of the total current with the initial value in the reference period, and strengthening the monitoring when the measured value exceeds 20 percent; monitoring should be enhanced when the data difference value of adjacent arresters in the same group exceeds 20%; when the environmental temperature during the test is higher or lower than the environmental temperature of the initial test value, the conversion is carried out according to the current increase of 3-5% for every 10% increase of the temperature. At present, the conventional online lightning arrester monitoring instrument, the integrated lightning arrester and the online monitoring system thereof do not have inter-phase data comparison and data conversion at different temperatures, so that the problems of inaccurate data monitoring and incomplete data comparison exist.
The invention of the prior application number CN202011203914.X discloses an integrated lightning arrester and an online monitoring system thereof.
Although the invention solves some problems, the following problems still exist when in use and need to be solved:
1. the invention does not take into account the effect of changes in ambient temperature on the current;
2. the invention does not consider the regulations of preventive test procedures for electric power equipment (DL/T596-1996) and the Standard of test for handing over electric Equipment for Electrical installation engineering (GB 50150-2006): measuring the continuous current of the lightning arrester under the continuous operation voltage, and comparing the measured value of the total current in the reference period with the initial value;
3. the invention can not compare the data of the adjacent arresters in the same group, and does not consider the regulations of the preventive test regulations of the electric power equipment (DL/T596-1996) and the handing-over test standards of the electric equipment of the electric device installation engineering (GB 50150-2006).
Therefore, the applicant inherits the experience of abundant design development and actual manufacturing of the related industry for many years, researches and improves the existing lightning arrester monitoring device and control method, and provides the lightning arrester on-line monitoring device capable of performing fault early warning and the control method thereof so as to achieve the aim of higher practical value.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an arrester online monitoring device capable of performing fault early warning and a control method thereof, and solves the problems that the traditional mechanical pointer type arrester monitor is inaccurate in monitoring data, the device cannot perform self-checking, and data comparison with adjacent arresters in the same group is lacked.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the lightning arrester on-line monitoring device capable of achieving fault early warning comprises a lightning arrester action circuit, a lightning arrester current measuring circuit, a lightning arrester normal current circuit and a single chip microcomputer main control unit, wherein the lightning arrester action circuit, the lightning arrester current measuring circuit and the lightning arrester normal current circuit are all electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer main control unit, the single chip microcomputer main control unit is electrically connected with an electronic ink screen, a temperature measuring module and a Zigbee module, and the Zigbee module is used for exchanging data with a group of lightning arresters at intervals and sending a comparison result to the single chip microcomputer main control unit.
Preferably, the singlechip main control unit is electrically connected with an infrared human body induction module and a remote communication module.
Preferably, the intelligent lightning arrester comprises a lithium battery, wherein the lithium battery is electrically connected with a lightning stroke current measuring circuit, a lightning arrester normal current circuit, an electronic ink screen, a temperature measuring module, a Zigbee module, an infrared human body induction module and a remote communication module respectively, and the lithium battery is electrically connected with a photovoltaic intelligent charging management circuit.
Preferably, the lightning arrester comprises an ammeter mechanical pointer and a lightning arrester, the lightning arrester is electrically connected with a lightning stroke indicator action circuit, a lightning stroke current measuring circuit and a lightning arrester normal current circuit respectively, and the ammeter mechanical pointer is electrically connected with the lightning arrester normal current circuit.
A control method of an arrester online monitoring device capable of performing fault early warning comprises an LED backlight plate, wherein the LED backlight plate is respectively electrically connected with a single chip microcomputer main control unit and a lithium battery, and the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the lithium battery generates 4.2V direct current VDD, -4.2V direct current VEE and 3.3V direct current VCC through the photovoltaic intelligent charging management circuit to supply power to a system chip of the device;
step two: initializing a device system;
step three: the photovoltaic intelligent charging management circuit collects voltage data of the lithium battery and inputs the voltage data into the single chip microcomputer main control unit;
step four: the photovoltaic intelligent charging management circuit collects voltage and current data of the solar cell and inputs the voltage and current data into the singlechip main control unit;
step five: the single chip microcomputer main control unit tracks the maximum power point of the solar battery in a self-adaptive mode according to the collected data;
step six: the single chip microcomputer main control unit judges whether the output power of the lithium battery is larger than the maximum charging power of the solar battery or not according to the collected data, and if so, the step seven is carried out; otherwise, entering the step eight;
step seven: the singlechip main control unit adjusts the duty ratio to enable the charging power of the solar battery to be maximum, and the step eleven is carried out;
step eight: judging whether the lithium battery is in a full-charge state, if so, entering a ninth step; otherwise, entering the step ten;
step nine: the single chip microcomputer main control unit adjusts the duty ratio to enable the charging power of the solar battery to be equal to the output power of the lithium battery, and the step eleven is carried out;
step ten: the single chip microcomputer main control unit adjusts the duty ratio to enable the charging power of the solar battery to be larger than the output power of the lithium battery, the solar battery supplies power to the device while charging the lithium battery, and the step eleven is carried out;
step eleven: judging whether lightning stroke occurs on the lightning arrester, if so, entering a step twelve; otherwise, go to step fourteen;
step twelve: the lightning current measuring circuit measures the lightning current and transmits the lightning current to the singlechip main control unit;
step thirteen: the lightning stroke indicator action circuit obtains energy to control the action of the coil, the lightning stroke count is increased by 1, and the step sixteen is carried out;
fourteen steps: the lightning arrester normal state current detection circuit detects that the full current of the lightning arrester in the running state displays the full current data through a mechanical pointer of an ammeter, and simultaneously transmits the current data to the single chip microcomputer main control unit;
step fifteen: the temperature measurement module measures the ambient temperature and transmits the ambient temperature to the singlechip main control unit;
sixthly, the steps are as follows: whether a patrolling person checks the running state of the lightning arrester or not, if so, entering a seventeenth step; otherwise, go to step twenty;
seventeen steps: judging whether the single chip microcomputer main control unit is in a night state, if so, entering an eighteen step; otherwise, entering the nineteen step;
eighteen steps: the singlechip main control unit starts the LED backlight module to provide illumination for the display of the electronic ink screen;
nineteen steps: the single chip microcomputer main control unit starts the electronic ink screen and displays the total lightning stroke frequency, the latest lightning stroke current value and the full current value;
twenty steps: the main control unit of the single chip microcomputer judges whether a time period set by a user is reached, and if so, the step twenty-one is carried out; otherwise, returning to the step eleven;
twenty one: the single chip microcomputer main control unit packs lightning current data and duration data through the remote communication module and sends the lightning current data and the duration data to an equipment owner, whether the change of full current data in a period exceeds 20% is judged, and if the change of full current data in the period exceeds 20%, the operation goes to twenty-three step; otherwise, entering the twenty-two step;
step twenty-two: the single-chip microcomputer main control unit compares interphase data of the arresters in the same group through the Zigbee module, and if the interphase difference exceeds 20%, the step twenty-three is carried out; otherwise, returning to the step eleven;
twenty-three steps: the remote communication module sends the early warning information to the equipment owner.
Preferably, the temperature measurement module is used for measuring the ambient temperature and transmitting the ambient temperature to the single chip microcomputer main control unit, the single chip microcomputer main control unit is used for carrying out conversion and comparison between the current lightning arrester current data and the initial value of the lightning arrester current data in the period, and if the current increases by more than 3% -5% according to 10 degrees of temperature increase, the abnormal state of the lightning arrester is judged, and the monitoring is reinforced.
Preferably, the infrared human body induction module is used for receiving infrared radiation sent by patrolling personnel, when the patrolling personnel pass through the vicinity of the device, the infrared human body induction module sends a signal to the singlechip main control unit, and the singlechip main control unit sends a signal to open the electronic ink screen for the patrolling personnel to check the running states of the lightning arrester and the device body and record data.
Preferably, the sub-ink screen is used for receiving and displaying the lightning arrester monitoring data output by the main control unit of the single chip microcomputer, the display is clear in a highlight state, like paper, data inspection by patrol personnel is facilitated, digital lighting display is achieved by opening the LED backlight module during night inspection, the power consumption of the sub-ink screen is extremely low, digital display can be achieved through milliampere-level current, the duration is long, the screen can still display the last data before closing in a closed state, even if the power failure maintenance state is achieved, data reference can be provided for testing personnel, and the patrol personnel can judge the running state of the lightning arrester and the performance state of the device.
Preferably, the LED backlight module is used for receiving signals sent by the main control unit of the single chip microcomputer, when patrolling personnel patrol the lightning arrester at night, the LED backlight module is started to provide a lighting source for the patrolling personnel to check data on the electronic ink screen, and when no person patrols at daytime or night, the LED backlight module is in a closed state, so that energy consumption is saved to the maximum extent.
Preferably, the Zigbee module is used for exchanging data among phases of the same group of lightning arresters and sending a comparison result to the single chip microcomputer main control unit, and when the difference value of the data among the phases exceeds 20%, the single chip microcomputer main control unit sends information to a patrol worker or an equipment owner through the remote communication module, so that the condition of the lightning arresters is ensured to be checked in time, and accidents are prevented.
Preferably, the lightning stroke indicator action circuit is used for recording the number of lightning strokes on the lightning arrester and providing the number to a patrolling person when the lightning strokes occur.
Preferably, the lightning current measuring circuit is used for measuring the size and time of lightning current and transmitting the lightning current to the singlechip main control unit for statistics when lightning strikes, and the lightning strike times and the current size are displayed through the electronic ink screen.
Preferably, the lightning arrester normal current detection circuit is used for measuring the full current of the lightning arrester and displaying the full current data through a mechanical pointer of an ammeter when the lightning arrester normally operates, and simultaneously transmitting the current numerical value to the single chip microcomputer main control unit by utilizing the virtual short and virtual break principle of an operational amplifier and displaying the current numerical value through an electronic ink screen.
Preferably, the photovoltaic intelligent charging management circuit is used for monitoring the current and the voltage of the lithium battery and the solar battery, tracking the maximum power point of the solar battery, when the output power of the lithium battery is greater than the maximum charging power of the solar battery, adjusting the output power of the solar battery to the maximum, when the lithium battery is fully charged and the output power is less than the maximum charging power of the solar battery, adjusting the output power of the solar battery to enable the output power to be equal to the output power of the lithium battery, when the lithium battery is insufficient and the output power is less than the maximum charging power of the solar battery, adjusting the output power of the solar battery to enable the output power to be greater than the output power of the lithium battery, and charging the lithium battery while supplying power to the device.
Preferably, the remote communication module is used for receiving the signal output by the singlechip main control unit and sending the abnormal data of the lightning arrester to an equipment owner.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides an arrester on-line monitoring device capable of performing fault early warning and a control method thereof. The method has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention adopts a passive mechanical pointer and active digital display double display scheme to improve the accuracy of full current detection, ensures that maintenance and inspection personnel can find the equipment states of the lightning arrester and the lightning arrester on-line monitoring device in time, and effectively overcomes the defects that the traditional passive mechanical pointer type lightning arrester on-line monitoring device is inaccurate in monitoring data and cannot perform self-inspection.
(2) According to the intelligent monitoring device, the energy is acquired through the photovoltaic intelligent charging management circuit and the lithium battery is charged, so that the device has long endurance time and long working time, manpower, material resources and time are saved, and the device is guaranteed to efficiently complete the monitoring task of the running state of the lightning arrester.
(3) The lightning arrester online monitor adopts the high-precision lightning current measuring circuit with the Rogowski coil as the main body to ensure that the size and the time of lightning current can be accurately measured and counted when lightning strikes occur, and simultaneously, the lightning strike times are displayed through a passive mechanical pointer and active digital display double display scheme, so that the defects that the common lightning arrester online monitor on the market cannot self-check and cannot measure the size and the time of the lightning current are effectively overcome.
(4) The invention processes full current data and lightning current data of the arrester in the running state in real time through the singlechip main control unit, and for the arrester with abnormal running state, the singlechip main control unit sends information to an equipment owner through the remote communication module, thereby realizing fault early warning quickly and accurately, and simultaneously establishing a model for influencing the running state of the arrester by lightning through long-term lightning current data and lightning duration monitoring statistics, and performing early failure early warning of the arrester, thereby realizing all-weather online monitoring in the real sense.
(5) According to the invention, the data of the same group of arresters are compared among phases through the Zigbee module, and the operation state of the arresters is comprehensively evaluated by combining the data comparison and double check in the period of the arresters of the same phase, so that the safe and reliable operation of a power grid is ensured.
(6) According to the invention, the peripheral state of the device is monitored through the infrared human body sensing module, when inspection personnel check the device, the digital display of the electronic ink screen is started, and when no person exists around the device, the electronic ink screen is closed, so that the energy consumption is saved to the maximum extent.
(7) The electronic ink screen is used for digital display, the display is clear in a highlight state and is like paper, inspection data of patrolling personnel can be conveniently checked, digital illumination display is realized by opening the LED backlight module during night inspection, the power consumption of the electronic ink screen is extremely low, digital display can be realized by milliampere-level current, the endurance is long, the last data before closing can be still displayed on the screen in a closed state, data reference can be provided for testing personnel even in a power failure maintenance state, and the problems that the display is unclear in highlight, the power consumption at night is high and the display is not in a closed state of a liquid crystal display screen of a traditional device are solved
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the hardware architecture of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a normal current detection circuit of the lightning arrester according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a lightning strike indicator operational circuit according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a lightning strike current measurement circuit according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic intelligent charging management circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a single-chip microcomputer main control unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a flowchart of a control method of an arrester online monitoring device capable of performing fault early warning according to embodiment 9 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1: basic unit for implementing the function of the invention
The lightning arrester on-line monitoring device capable of achieving fault early warning comprises a single chip microcomputer main control unit, a lightning stroke indicator action circuit, a lightning stroke current measuring circuit and a lightning arrester normal current circuit, wherein the lightning stroke indicator action circuit, the lightning stroke current measuring circuit and the lightning arrester normal current circuit are all electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer main control unit, the single chip microcomputer main control unit is electrically connected with an electronic ink screen, a temperature measuring module and a Zigbee module, and the Zigbee module is used for exchanging data among the same group of lightning arresters and sending a comparison result to the single chip microcomputer main control unit.
The main control unit of the single chip microcomputer adopts DSPIC33FJ16GS 502-I/SP.
Example 2: in order to reduce the power consumption of the invention and increase the remote communication function
On the basis of embodiment 1, singlechip main control unit electric connection has infrared human response module and remote communication module.
Example 3: determining the Power supply apparatus of the invention
On the basis of embodiment 2, including the lithium cell, the lithium cell respectively with thunderbolt current measurement circuit, arrester normality current circuit, electron china ink screen, temperature measurement module, Zigbee module, infrared human response module and remote communication module electric connection, the lithium cell electric connection has photovoltaic intelligent charging management circuit.
Example 4: connecting scheme of lightning arrester and mechanical pointer
On the basis of any one of embodiments 1-3, the lightning arrester comprises an ammeter mechanical pointer and a lightning arrester, wherein the lightning arrester is electrically connected with a lightning stroke indicator action circuit, a lightning stroke current measuring circuit and a lightning arrester normal current circuit respectively, and the ammeter mechanical pointer is electrically connected with the lightning arrester normal current circuit.
Example 5: circuit connection scheme of lightning arrester normal current detection circuit
On the basis of embodiment 4, the arrester normal current detection circuit includes a first bidirectional trigger diode, a second diode, a third diode, a fourth diode, a fifth diode, a sixth diode, a seventh diode, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth potentiometer, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, and a first operational amplifier, wherein one end of the first bidirectional trigger diode D1 is connected to the low-voltage terminal of the arrester, the anode of the second diode D2, and the cathode of the third diode D3, the other end of the first bidirectional trigger diode D1 is connected to one end of the first resistor R1, the anode of the fourth diode, and the cathode of the fifth diode, the other end of the first resistor is connected to ground, the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the cathode of the fourth diode D4, the cathode of the sixth diode D6, one end of the second resistor R2, and the other end of the second diode R2, One end of a third resistor R3 is connected with one end of an ammeter, an anode of a third diode D3 is connected with an anode of a fifth diode D5, an anode of a seventh diode D7, the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected with one end of a fourth resistor R4, the other end of a second resistor R2 is connected with an anode of a sixth diode D6 and a cathode of a seventh diode D7, the other end of the ammeter is connected with one end of a fifth potentiometer R5, the other end of the fifth potentiometer R5 is connected with one end of a sixth resistor R6, the other end of a sixth resistor R6 is connected with a second pin of a first operational amplifier U1 and one end of a seventh resistor R7, the other end of the seventh resistor is connected with a first pin of a first operational amplifier U1 and a sixth pin of a main control unit, the other end of a fourth resistor R4 is connected with a third pin of a first operational amplifier U1, the first end of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected with a first pin of the first capacitor VEE 26 and a single chip microcomputer 1, the eighth pin of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected to one end of the second capacitor C2 and the direct current VDD, the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to ground, and the other end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to ground.
Example 6: circuit connection scheme for lightning stroke indicator action circuit
In addition to embodiment 1 or embodiment 4, the lightning strike indicator operating circuit includes an eighth varistor, a ninth resistor, a tenth varistor, an eleventh resistor, an eighth diode, a ninth diode, a twelfth diode, an eleventh diode, a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a fifth capacitor, and a first coil. One end of an eighth piezoresistor R8 is connected with a low-voltage end of the lightning arrester, one end of a ninth resistor R9 and one end of an eleventh resistor R11, the other end of the eighth piezoresistor R8 is connected with one end of a tenth piezoresistor R10, a cathode of an eleventh diode D11, an anode of a twelfth diode D10 and ground, the other end of the tenth piezoresistor R10 is connected with the other end of the ninth resistor R9, the other end of the eleventh resistor R11, a cathode of the ninth diode D9 and an anode of an eighth diode D8, a cathode of the eighth diode D8 is connected with a cathode of the twelfth diode D10, one end of a third capacitor C3, one end of a fourth capacitor C4, one end of a fifth capacitor C5 and one end of a first coil L1, an anode of the ninth diode D9 is connected to an anode of the eleventh diode D11, the other end of the third capacitor C3, the other end of the fourth capacitor C4, the other end of the fifth capacitor C5, and the other end of the first coil L1.
Through this thunderbolt indicator action circuit, when the circuit takes place the thunderbolt, through piezo-resistor with the leading-in follow-up circuit of earth protection device of heavy current, charge for the electric capacity through bridge rectifier circuit simultaneously, after the thunderbolt is crossed, discharge for the coil through the electric capacity, realize passive control's thunderbolt counter action, reach the thunderbolt and take place the purpose of counting.
Example 7: circuit connection scheme of lightning current measuring circuit
On the basis of embodiment 1, the lightning strike current measuring circuit includes a rogowski coil, a sixth capacitor, a seventh capacitor, an eighth capacitor, a ninth capacitor, a tenth capacitor, an eleventh capacitor, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor, a fourteenth resistor, a fifteenth resistor, a sixteenth resistor, a seventeenth resistor, an eighteenth resistor, a nineteenth resistor, a twentieth resistor, a twenty-first resistor, a twenty-second resistor, a twenty-third resistor, a twenty-fourth resistor, a twenty-fifth resistor, a twenty-sixth resistor, a twenty-seventh resistor, a twelfth diode, a thirteenth diode, a second operational amplifier, and a third operational amplifier. The primary side of the Rogowski coil P1 penetrates through one end of an eighth piezoresistor R8 of the lightning stroke indicator action circuit, a first pin of a secondary side of the Rogowski coil P1 is simultaneously connected with one end of a ninth capacitor C9 and one end of a thirteenth resistor R13, a second pin of a secondary side of the Rogowski coil P1 is simultaneously connected with one end of a twelfth resistor R12 and a fifth pin of a second operational amplifier U2, a third pin of the secondary side of the Rogowski coil P1 is connected with the ground, the other end of a ninth capacitor C9 is connected with the ground, the other end of a twelfth resistor R12 is connected with the ground, the other end of the thirteenth resistor R13 is simultaneously connected with a sixth pin of the second operational amplifier U2, one end of a sixteenth resistor R16 and one end of a seventh capacitor C7, the other end of the sixteenth resistor R16 is simultaneously connected with one end of a fifteenth resistor R15 and one end of a fourteenth resistor R14, the other end of the fourteenth resistor R14 is simultaneously connected with a seventeenth capacitor C17, The seventh pin of the second operational amplifier U2 and one end of the tenth capacitor C10 are connected, the other end of the fifteenth resistor R15 is connected to one end of the eighteenth resistor R18 and ground, the other end of the eighteenth resistor R18 is connected to one end of the nineteenth resistor R19 and one end of the seventeenth resistor R17, the other end of the seventeenth resistor R17 is connected to one end of the eighth capacitor C8, the first pin of the second operational amplifier U2, one end of the twenty-third resistor R23 and one end of the twenty-seventh resistor R27, the other end of the nineteenth resistor R19 is connected to one end of the twenty-first resistor R21 and the second pin of the second operational amplifier U2, the other end of the twenty-first resistor R21 is connected to the other end of the tenth capacitor C10 and the other end of the eighth capacitor C8, the eighth pin of the second operational amplifier U2 is connected to one end of the sixth capacitor C6 and one end of the eleventh capacitor C11, The eighth pin of the third operational amplifier U3 is connected to the dc power VDD, the other end of the sixth capacitor C6 is connected to ground, the other end of the eleventh capacitor C11 is connected to ground, the other end of the twenty-third resistor R23 is connected to the fifth pin of the third operational amplifier U3, the sixth pin of the third operational amplifier U3 is simultaneously connected to one end of the twenty-second resistor R22, one end of the twenty-fourth resistor R24, and the cathode of the twelfth diode D12, the other end of the twenty-second resistor R22 is connected to ground, the anode of the twelfth diode D12 is simultaneously connected to the seventh pin of the third operational amplifier U3 and the cathode of the thirteenth diode D13, the anode of the thirteenth diode D13 is simultaneously connected to one end of the twenty-sixth resistor R26, one end of the twenty-fifth resistor R25, and the other end of the twenty-fourth resistor R24, the other end of the twenty-fifth resistor R25 is simultaneously connected to the first pin of the third operational amplifier U3 and the seventh pin of the main control unit, the other end of the twenty-sixth resistor R26 is connected with the second pin of the third operational amplifier U3, the other end of the twenty-seventh resistor R27 is connected with the third pin of the third operational amplifier U3, the fourth pin of the second operational amplifier U2 is simultaneously connected with the fourth pin of the third operational amplifier U3, one end of a twelfth capacitor C12 and the direct current VEE, and the other end of the twelfth capacitor C12 is connected with the ground.
The differential value integration of the lightning current in the surrounding ring of the Rogowski coil is realized through an integration circuit formed by the Rogowski coil of the lightning current measuring circuit and a second operational amplifier U2, the accurate lightning current value when the lightning occurs is obtained, the absolute value of the current value is converted through an absolute value rectifying circuit formed by a third operational amplifier U3 to a current signal and then the current signal is transmitted to a singlechip main control unit, the integrity of the lightning current signal collected by the Rogowski coil received by the singlechip main control unit is ensured, the singlechip main control unit establishes a lightning stroke influence model on the running state of the lightning arrester through long-term collected lightning current data and lightning stroke duration monitoring statistics, early failure early warning of the lightning arrester is made and transmitted to an equipment owner through a remote communication module, and all-weather online monitoring in the true sense is realized.
Example 8: circuit connection scheme of photovoltaic intelligent charging management circuit
On the basis of embodiment 1, the photovoltaic intelligent charging management circuit includes a thirteenth electrolytic capacitor, a fourteenth capacitor, a fifteenth electrolytic capacitor, a sixteenth capacitor, a seventeenth capacitor, an eighteenth electrolytic capacitor, a nineteenth capacitor, a twentieth capacitor, a twenty-eighth resistor, a twenty-ninth resistor, a thirty-fourth resistor, a thirty-eleventh resistor, a thirty-second resistor, a thirty-third resistor, a thirty-fourth resistor, a thirty-fifth resistor, a thirty-sixth resistor, a thirty-seventh resistor, a fourteenth diode, a second inductor, a third inductor, a first battery, a second battery, a fourth driving chip, a fifth power chip, and a main control unit of the single chip microcomputer, wherein the first battery is a lithium battery, the second battery is a flexible photovoltaic panel solar battery, an anode of the first battery BT1 is simultaneously connected with an anode of the thirteenth electrolytic capacitor C13 and an eighteenth pin of the fourth driving chip U4, A nineteenth pin of the fourth driver chip U4, a twentieth pin of the fourth driver chip U4, a twenty-first pin of the fourth driver chip U4, a twenty-second pin of the fourth driver chip U4, a twenty-third pin of the fourth driver chip U4, one end of a twenty-ninth resistor R29, one end of a third inductor L3, and a fifth pin of the fifth power supply chip U5, a negative electrode of the first battery BT1 is connected to a negative electrode of the thirteenth electrolytic capacitor C13, one end of a twenty-eighth resistor R28, one end of a fourteenth capacitor C14, a negative electrode of the second battery BT2, a negative electrode of the fifteenth electrolytic capacitor C15, one end of a thirty-third resistor R31, one end of a sixteenth capacitor C16, one end of a seventeenth capacitor C17, one end of a third resistor R33, a twentieth pin of the fourth driver chip U4, an eighth pin of the fourth driver chip U585, a twentieth pin of the fourth driver chip U4, and a fifth pin 57324 of the fourth driver chip U4, The negative electrode of an eighteenth electrolytic capacitor C18, one end of a nineteenth capacitor C19, one end of a thirty-fourth resistor R34, a second pin of a fifth power chip U5 and the ground are connected, the other end of a twenty-eighth resistor R28 is simultaneously connected with the other end of a twenty-ninth resistor R29, the other end of a fourteenth capacitor C14 and a fourth pin of a singlechip main control unit U6, the positive electrode of a second battery BT2 is simultaneously connected with one end of a second inductor L2, the positive electrode of a fifteenth electrolytic capacitor C15 and one end of a thirty-fourth resistor R30, the other end of the second inductor L2 is simultaneously connected with a tenth pin of a fourth driving chip U4, a sixteenth pin of a fourth driving chip U4, a seventeenth pin of a fourth driving chip U4, the other end of the thirty-fourth resistor R30 is simultaneously connected with the other end of a thirty-eleventh resistor R31, the other end of a sixteenth capacitor C16 and a third pin 6 of the singlechip main control unit U352, the other end of a seventeenth capacitor C17 is connected to one end of a thirty-second resistor R32 and the second pin of the single chip microcomputer main control unit U6, the other end of the thirty-second resistor R32 is connected to the other end of the thirty-third resistor R33, the eleventh pin of the fourth driver chip U4, the twelfth pin of the fourth driver chip U4, the thirteenth pin of the fourth driver chip U4, the fourteenth pin of the fourth driver chip U4 and the fifteenth pin of the fourth driver chip U4, the fifth pin of the fourth driver chip U4 is connected to the twenty-fifth pin of the single chip microcomputer main control unit U6, the fourth pin of the fourth driver chip U4 is connected to the twenty-sixth pin of the single chip microcomputer main control unit U6, the second pin of the fourth driver chip U4 is connected to the anode of the eighteenth electrolytic capacitor C18, the cathode of the fourteenth diode D14 and one end of the thirty-fifth resistor R35, and the thirty-second pin of the thirty-second resistor R34 is connected to the thirty-second end of the fourth resistor R35, The other end of the nineteenth capacitor C19 is connected to the third pin of the fifth power chip U5, the anode of the fourteenth diode D14 is connected to the first pin of the fifth power chip U5 and the other end of the third inductor, and the fourth pin of the fifth power chip U5 is connected to the fifth pin of the main control unit of the single chip microcomputer.
Through the photovoltaic intelligent charging management circuit, the voltage of the lithium battery is collected by applying the voltage division principle of the twenty-eighth resistor R28 and the twenty-ninth resistor R29 and transmitted to the singlechip main control unit, similarly, the voltage of the solar battery is collected by applying the voltage division principle of the thirty-eighth resistor R30 and the thirty-eleventh resistor R31, the current of the solar battery is collected by applying the voltage division principle of the thirty-second resistor R32 and the thirty-third resistor R33 and transmitted to the singlechip main control unit, the singlechip main control unit intelligently tracks the maximum power point of the solar battery according to the collected voltage and current amplitude of the solar battery, meanwhile, the singlechip main control unit controls the fifteenth electrolytic capacitor C15 and the second inductor L2 to resonate by adjusting the duty ratio of a fourth pin and a fifth pin of a fourth driving chip U4 according to the collected voltage of the lithium battery, so that the energy is stored in the second inductor L2 and released to the thirteenth electrolytic capacitor C13, and the purpose of intelligently charging the lithium battery is achieved. When the output power of the lithium battery is greater than or equal to the maximum charging power of the solar battery, the solar output power is adjusted to be the maximum, when the lithium battery is fully charged and the output power is smaller than the maximum charging power of the solar battery, the output power of the solar battery is adjusted to be equal to the output power of the lithium battery, when the lithium battery is insufficient and the output power is smaller than the maximum charging power of the solar battery, the solar output power is adjusted to be greater than the output power of the lithium battery, and the lithium battery is charged while the power is supplied to the device
The model of the fourth driving chip is IRSM005-301 MH.
The fifth power chip model is LM27313 XMF.
Example 9: control method of embodiment 4
A control method of an arrester on-line monitoring device capable of fault early warning is characterized in that an LED backlight board is respectively electrically connected with a single chip microcomputer main control unit and a lithium battery, and the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the lithium battery generates 4.2V direct current VDD, -4.2V direct current VEE and 3.3V direct current VCC through the photovoltaic intelligent charging management circuit to supply power to a system chip of the device;
step two: initializing a device system;
step three: the photovoltaic intelligent charging management circuit collects voltage data of the lithium battery and inputs the voltage data into the single chip microcomputer main control unit;
step four: the photovoltaic intelligent charging management circuit collects voltage and current data of the solar cell and inputs the voltage and current data into the singlechip main control unit;
step five: the single chip microcomputer main control unit tracks the maximum power point of the solar battery in a self-adaptive mode according to the collected data;
step six: the single chip microcomputer main control unit judges whether the output power of the lithium battery is larger than the maximum charging power of the solar battery or not according to the collected data, and if so, the step seven is carried out; otherwise, entering the step eight;
step seven: the singlechip main control unit adjusts the duty ratio to enable the charging power of the solar battery to be maximum, and the step eleven is carried out;
step eight: judging whether the lithium battery is in a full-charge state, if so, entering a ninth step; otherwise, entering the step ten;
step nine: the single chip microcomputer main control unit adjusts the duty ratio to enable the charging power of the solar battery to be equal to the output power of the lithium battery, and the step eleven is carried out;
step ten: the single chip microcomputer main control unit adjusts the duty ratio to enable the charging power of the solar battery to be larger than the output power of the lithium battery, the solar battery supplies power to the device while charging the lithium battery, and the step eleven is carried out;
step eleven: judging whether lightning stroke occurs on the lightning arrester, if so, entering a step twelve; otherwise, go to step fourteen;
step twelve: the lightning current measuring circuit measures the lightning current and transmits the lightning current to the singlechip main control unit;
step thirteen: the lightning stroke indicator action circuit obtains energy to control the action of the coil, the lightning stroke count is increased by 1, and the step sixteen is carried out;
fourteen steps: the lightning arrester normal state current detection circuit detects that the full current of the lightning arrester in the running state displays the full current data through a mechanical pointer of an ammeter, and simultaneously transmits the current data to the single chip microcomputer main control unit;
step fifteen: the temperature measurement module measures the ambient temperature and transmits the ambient temperature to the singlechip main control unit;
sixthly, the steps are as follows: whether a patrolling person checks the running state of the lightning arrester or not, if so, entering a seventeenth step; otherwise, go to step twenty;
seventeen steps: judging whether the single chip microcomputer main control unit is in a night state, if so, entering an eighteen step; otherwise, entering the nineteen step;
eighteen steps: the singlechip main control unit starts the LED backlight module to provide illumination for the display of the electronic ink screen;
nineteen steps: the single chip microcomputer main control unit starts the electronic ink screen and displays the total lightning stroke frequency, the latest lightning stroke current value and the full current value;
twenty steps: the main control unit of the single chip microcomputer judges whether a time period set by a user is reached, and if so, the step twenty-one is carried out; otherwise, returning to the step eleven;
twenty one: the single chip microcomputer main control unit packs lightning current data and duration data through the remote communication module and sends the lightning current data and the duration data to an equipment owner, whether the change of full current data in a period exceeds 20% is judged, and if the change of full current data in the period exceeds 20%, the operation goes to twenty-three step; otherwise, entering the twenty-two step;
step twenty-two: the single-chip microcomputer main control unit compares interphase data of the arresters in the same group through the Zigbee module, and if the interphase difference exceeds 20%, the step twenty-three is carried out; otherwise, returning to the step eleven;
twenty-three steps: the remote communication module sends the early warning information to the equipment owner.
Example 10: determining functional details of individual elements
The lightning stroke indicator action circuit is used for recording the number of lightning strokes on the lightning arrester and providing the number for patrolmen when the lightning strokes occur.
The lightning current measuring circuit is used for measuring the size and time of lightning current and transmitting the lightning current to the singlechip main control unit for statistics when lightning strikes, and the lightning strike times and the current size are displayed through the electronic ink screen.
The normal current detection circuit of the lightning arrester is used for measuring the full current of the lightning arrester and displaying the full current data through a mechanical pointer of an ammeter when the lightning arrester normally operates, and simultaneously, the current numerical value is transmitted to a main control unit of a single chip microcomputer by utilizing the virtual short and virtual break principle of an operational amplifier and is displayed through an electronic ink screen.
The photovoltaic intelligent charging management circuit is used for monitoring the voltage of a lithium battery and the current and the voltage of the solar battery, tracking the maximum power point of the solar battery, adjusting the solar output power to the maximum when the output power of the lithium battery is greater than the maximum charging power of the solar battery, adjusting the output power of the solar battery to be equal to the output power of the lithium battery when the lithium battery is fully charged and the output power is less than the maximum charging power of the solar battery, adjusting the solar output power to be greater than the output power of the lithium battery when the lithium battery is insufficient and the output power is less than the maximum charging power of the solar battery, and charging the lithium battery while supplying power to the device.
The remote communication module is used for receiving the signal output by the singlechip main control unit and sending abnormal data of the lightning arrester to an equipment owner.
The temperature measurement module is used for measuring the ambient temperature and transmitting the ambient temperature to the singlechip main control unit, and the singlechip main control unit is used for carrying out conversion and comparison between current lightning arrester current data and an initial value of lightning arrester current data in a period, and judging that the state of the lightning arrester is abnormal if the current increases by 3-5% according to 10 degrees of temperature increase, and monitoring is reinforced;
the infrared human body sensing module is used for receiving infrared radiation emitted by patrolmen, when the patrolmen pass by the vicinity of the device, the infrared human body sensing module sends a signal to the singlechip main control unit, and the singlechip main control unit sends a signal to open the electronic ink screen for the patrolmen to check the running states of the lightning arrester and the device body and record data;
the electronic ink screen is used for receiving and displaying the lightning arrester monitoring data output by the singlechip main control unit, the lightning arrester monitoring data is displayed clearly in a highlight state and is like paper, inspection data of inspection personnel can be conveniently checked, digital lighting display is realized by opening the LED backlight module during night inspection, the power consumption of the electronic ink screen is extremely low, digital display and long endurance can be realized by milliampere-level current, the screen can still display the latest data before closing in a closed state, data reference can be provided for testing personnel even in a power failure maintenance state, and the inspection personnel can conveniently judge the running state of the lightning arrester and the performance state of the device;
the LED backlight module is used for receiving a signal sent by the main control unit of the single chip microcomputer, when patrolling personnel patrol the lightning arrester at night, the LED backlight module is started to provide a lighting source for the patrolling personnel to check data on the electronic ink screen, and when no person patrols at day time or night, the LED backlight module is in a closed state, so that energy consumption is saved to the maximum extent;
the Zigbee module is used for exchanging data among phases of the same group of lightning arresters and sending a comparison result to the single-chip microcomputer main control unit, and when the difference value of the data among the phases exceeds 20%, the single-chip microcomputer main control unit sends information to a patrol person or an equipment owner through the remote communication module, so that the condition of the lightning arresters is ensured to be checked in time, and accidents are prevented.
In conclusion, the accuracy of full current detection is improved by adopting a passive mechanical pointer and active digital display double display scheme, the overhaul and inspection personnel can find the equipment states of the lightning arrester and the lightning arrester online monitoring device in time, the defects that the traditional passive mechanical pointer type lightning arrester online monitoring device is inaccurate in monitoring data and cannot perform self-inspection are effectively overcome, energy is obtained through a photovoltaic intelligent charging management circuit and a lithium battery is charged, the device has long endurance time and long working time, manpower, material resources and time are saved, and the device can efficiently complete the lightning arrester operation state monitoring task.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a but arrester on-line monitoring device of fault early warning, includes singlechip main control unit, thunderbolt indicator action circuit, thunderbolt current measurement circuit, arrester normality current circuit all with singlechip main control unit electric connection, its characterized in that: the intelligent lightning arrester temperature measurement system is characterized in that the singlechip main control unit is electrically connected with an electronic ink screen, a temperature measurement module and a Zigbee module, and the Zigbee module is used for exchanging data among the same group of lightning arresters and sending a comparison result to the singlechip main control unit.
2. The lightning arrester online monitoring device capable of performing fault early warning as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the single chip microcomputer main control unit is electrically connected with an infrared human body induction module and a remote communication module.
3. The lightning arrester online monitoring device capable of performing fault early warning according to claim 2, comprising a lithium battery, and is characterized in that: the lithium battery is electrically connected with the lightning stroke current measuring circuit, the lightning arrester normal state current circuit, the electronic ink screen, the temperature measuring module, the Zigbee module, the infrared human body induction module and the remote communication module respectively, and the lithium battery is electrically connected with the photovoltaic intelligent charging management circuit.
4. The online arrester monitoring device capable of performing fault early warning according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which comprises an ammeter mechanical pointer and an arrester, and is characterized in that: the lightning arrester is electrically connected with the lightning stroke indicator action circuit, the lightning stroke current measuring circuit and the lightning arrester normal current circuit respectively, and the ammeter mechanical pointer is electrically connected with the lightning arrester normal current circuit.
5. The lightning arrester online monitoring device capable of performing fault early warning as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the lightning arrester normal current detection circuit comprises a first bidirectional trigger diode, a second diode, a third diode, a fourth diode, a fifth diode, a sixth diode, a seventh diode, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth potentiometer, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor and a first operational amplifier, wherein one end of the first bidirectional trigger diode D1 is connected with the low-voltage end of a lightning arrester, the anode of the second diode D2 and the cathode of the third diode D3, the other end of the first bidirectional trigger diode D1 is connected with one end of a first resistor R1, the anode of the fourth diode and the cathode of the fifth diode, the other end of the first resistor is connected with the ground, the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected with the cathode of the fourth diode D4, the cathode of the sixth diode D6, one end of the second resistor R2, one end of the third resistor R3 and one end of an ammeter, an anode of the third diode D3 is connected to an anode of the fifth diode D5, an anode of the seventh diode D7, the other end of the third resistor R3 and one end of the fourth resistor R4, the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to an anode of the sixth diode D6 and a cathode of the seventh diode D7, the other end of the ammeter is connected to one end of the fifth potentiometer R5, the other end of the fifth potentiometer R5 is connected to one end of the sixth resistor R6, the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the second pin of the first operational amplifier U1 and one end of the seventh resistor R7, the other end of the seventh resistor is connected to the first pin of the first operational amplifier U1 and the sixth pin of the main control unit of the single chip microcomputer, the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the third pin of the first operational amplifier U1, the fourth pin of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected to one end of the first capacitor vec 1 and one end of the dc power supply, the eighth pin of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected to one end of the second capacitor C2 and the direct current VDD, the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to ground, and the other end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to ground.
6. The lightning arrester online monitoring device capable of performing fault early warning as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the lightning stroke indicator action circuit comprises an eighth piezoresistor, a ninth resistor, a tenth piezoresistor, an eleventh resistor, an eighth diode, a ninth diode, a twelfth diode, an eleventh diode, a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a fifth capacitor and a first coil, wherein one end of the eighth piezoresistor R8 is connected with a low-voltage end of a lightning arrester, one end of a ninth resistor R9 and one end of an eleventh resistor R11, the other end of the eighth piezoresistor R8 is connected with one end of the tenth piezoresistor R10, the cathode of an eleventh diode D11, the anode of a twelfth diode D10 and the ground, the other end of the tenth piezoresistor R10 is connected with the other end of the ninth resistor R9, the other end of the eleventh resistor R11, the cathode of the ninth diode D9 and the anode of an eighth diode D8, the cathode of the eighth diode D8 is connected with the cathode of the twelfth diode D10, one end of the third capacitor C3 and one end of a fourth capacitor C4, One end of the fifth capacitor C5 is connected to one end of the first coil L1, and the anode of the ninth diode D9 is connected to the anode of the eleventh diode D11, the other end of the third capacitor C3, the other end of the fourth capacitor C4, the other end of the fifth capacitor C5, and the other end of the first coil L1.
7. The lightning arrester online monitoring device capable of performing fault early warning as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the lightning stroke current measuring circuit comprises a Rogowski coil, a sixth capacitor, a seventh capacitor, an eighth capacitor, a ninth capacitor, a tenth capacitor, an eleventh capacitor, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor, a fourteenth resistor, a fifteenth resistor, a sixteenth resistor, a seventeenth resistor, an eighteenth resistor, a nineteenth resistor, a twentieth resistor, a twenty-first resistor, a twenty-second resistor, a twenty-third resistor, a twenty-fourth resistor, a twenty-fifth resistor, a twenty-sixth resistor, a twenty-seventh resistor, a twelfth diode, a thirteenth diode, a second operational amplifier and a third operational amplifier, wherein the primary side of the Rogowski coil P1 passes through one end of an eighth piezoresistor R8 of the lightning stroke indicator action circuit, the first pin of the secondary side of the Rogowski coil P1 is simultaneously connected with one end of the ninth capacitor C9 and one end of the thirteenth resistor R13, the second pin of the secondary side of the Rogowski coil P1 is simultaneously connected with one end of a twelfth resistor R12 and one end of a second operational amplifier U2 The other end of the sixteenth resistor R16 is connected to one end of a fifteenth resistor R15 and one end of a fourteenth resistor R14, the other end of the fourteenth resistor R14 is connected to the other end of a seventeenth capacitor C17, the seventh pin of the second operational amplifier U2 and one end of a tenth capacitor C10, the other end of the fifteenth resistor R15 is connected to one end of an eighteenth resistor R18 and ground, the other end of the eighteenth resistor R18 is connected to one end of a nineteenth resistor R19 and one end of a seventeenth resistor R42, the other end of the seventeenth resistor R17 is connected to one end of an eighth capacitor C8, A first pin of a second operational amplifier U2, one end of a twenty-third resistor R23 and one end of a twenty-seventh resistor R27 are connected, the other end of a nineteenth resistor R19 is connected to one end of the twenty-first resistor R21 and the second pin of the second operational amplifier U2, the other end of the twenty-first resistor R21 is connected to the other end of a tenth capacitor C10 and the other end of an eighth capacitor C8, an eighth pin of the second operational amplifier U2 is connected to one end of a sixth capacitor C6, one end of an eleventh capacitor C11, the eighth pin of the third operational amplifier U3 and a dc power VDD, the other end of the sixth capacitor C6 is connected to ground, the other end of the eleventh capacitor C11 is connected to ground, the other end of the twenty-third resistor R23 is connected to the fifth pin of the third operational amplifier U3, the sixth pin of the third operational amplifier U3 is connected to the sixth pin of the first end of the twenty-second resistor R22, One end of a twenty-fourth resistor R24 is connected with the cathode of a twelfth diode D12, the other end of a twenty-second resistor R22 is connected with the ground, the anode of the twelfth diode D12 is connected with the seventh pin of a third operational amplifier U3 and the cathode of a thirteenth diode D13 at the same time, the anode of a thirteenth diode D13 is connected with one end of a twenty-sixth resistor R26, one end of a twenty-fifth resistor R25 and the other end of a twenty-fourth resistor R24 at the same time, the other end of a twenty-fifth resistor R25 is connected with the first pin of a third operational amplifier U3 and the seventh pin of a singlechip main control unit at the same time, the other end of the twenty-sixth resistor R26 is connected with the second pin of a third operational amplifier U3, the other end of the twenty-seventh resistor R27 is connected with the third pin of a third operational amplifier U3, the fourth pin of a second operational amplifier U2 is connected with the fourth pin of a third operational amplifier U3 at the same time, One end of the twelfth capacitor C12 is connected to the direct current VEE, and the other end of the twelfth capacitor C12 is connected to ground.
8. The lightning arrester online monitoring device capable of performing fault early warning as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the photovoltaic intelligent charging management circuit comprises a thirteenth electrolytic capacitor, a fourteenth capacitor, a fifteenth electrolytic capacitor, a sixteenth capacitor, a seventeenth capacitor, an eighteenth electrolytic capacitor, a nineteenth capacitor, a twentieth capacitor, a twenty-eighth resistor, a twenty-ninth resistor, a thirty-fifth resistor, a thirty-second resistor, a thirty-third resistor, a thirty-fourth resistor, a thirty-fifth resistor, a thirty-sixth resistor, a thirty-seventh resistor, a fourteenth diode, a second inductor, a third inductor, a first battery, a second battery, a fourth driving chip, a fifth power chip and a singlechip main control unit, wherein the first battery is a lithium battery, the second battery is a flexible photovoltaic panel solar battery, the positive electrode of the first battery BT1 is simultaneously connected with the positive electrode of the thirteenth electrolytic capacitor C13, the eighteenth pin of the fourth driving chip U4, the nineteenth pin of the fourth driving chip U4, A twentieth pin of the fourth driving chip U4, a twenty-first pin of the fourth driving chip U4, a twenty-second pin of the fourth driving chip U4, a twenty-third pin of the fourth driving chip U4, one end of a twenty-ninth resistor R29, one end of a third inductor L3, and a fifth pin of the fifth power chip U5, wherein a negative electrode of the first battery BT1 is simultaneously connected to a negative electrode of the thirteenth electrolytic capacitor C13, one end of a twenty-eighth resistor R28, one end of a fourteenth capacitor C14, a negative electrode of the second battery BT2, a negative electrode of the fifteenth electrolytic capacitor C15, one end of a thirty-resistor R31, one end of a sixteenth capacitor C16, one end of a seventeenth capacitor C17, one end of a thirty-resistor R33, an eighth pin of the fourth driving chip U4, an eighth pin of the fourth driving chip U4, an eighth pin of the fourth driving chip U585, a negative electrode of the fourth driving chip U4, a negative electrode of the fifth capacitor U5738, a negative electrode of the fourth capacitor C3524, One end of a nineteenth capacitor C19, one end of a thirty-fourth resistor R34, a second pin of a fifth power supply chip U5 and the ground are connected, the other end of a twenty-eighth resistor R28 is simultaneously connected with the other end of the twenty-ninth resistor R29, the other end of a fourteenth capacitor C14 and a fourth pin of a singlechip main control unit U6, a positive electrode of a second battery BT2 is simultaneously connected with one end of a second inductor L2, a positive electrode of a fifteenth electrolytic capacitor C15 and one end of a thirty-fourth resistor R30, the other end of a second inductor L2 is simultaneously connected with a tenth pin of a fourth driving chip U4, a sixteenth pin of the fourth driving chip U4 and a seventeenth pin of a fourth driving chip U84, the other end of a thirty-fourth resistor R30 is simultaneously connected with the other end of a thirty-fourth resistor R31, the other end of a sixteenth capacitor C16 and a third pin of a master control unit U6, the seventeenth capacitor C375 is simultaneously connected with the thirty-fourth pin of the thirty-fourth resistor R32 and the second pin of the singlechip main control unit U57324, the other end of the thirty-second resistor R32 is simultaneously connected with the other end of the thirty-third resistor R33, the eleventh pin of the fourth drive chip U4, the twelfth pin of the fourth drive chip U4, the thirteenth pin of the fourth drive chip U4, the fourteenth pin of the fourth drive chip U4 and the fifteenth pin of the fourth drive chip U4, the fifth pin of the fourth drive chip U4 is connected with the twenty-fifth pin of the singlechip main control unit U6, the fourth pin of the fourth drive chip U4 is connected with the twenty-sixth pin of the singlechip main control unit U6, the second pin of the fourth drive chip U4 is simultaneously connected with the anode of the eighteenth electrolytic capacitor C18, the cathode of the fourteenth diode D14 and one end of the thirty-fifth resistor R35, the other end of the thirty-fifth resistor R35 is simultaneously connected with the other end of the thirty-third resistor R34, the other end of the nineteenth capacitor C19 and the third pin of the thirty-fifth power supply U5, the anode of the fourteenth diode D14 is connected to the first pin of the fifth power chip U5 and the other end of the third inductor, and the fourth pin of the fifth power chip U5 is connected to the fifth pin of the main control unit of the single chip microcomputer.
9. A control method of the lightning arrester online monitoring device capable of fault early warning as claimed in claim 4, which comprises an LED backlight plate, and is characterized in that: the LED backlight board is respectively electrically connected with the singlechip main control unit and the lithium battery, and the LED backlight board comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the lithium battery generates 4.2V direct current VDD, -4.2V direct current VEE and 3.3V direct current VCC through the photovoltaic intelligent charging management circuit to supply power to a system chip of the device;
step two: initializing a device system;
step three: the photovoltaic intelligent charging management circuit collects voltage data of the lithium battery and inputs the voltage data into the single chip microcomputer main control unit;
step four: the photovoltaic intelligent charging management circuit collects voltage and current data of the solar cell and inputs the voltage and current data into the singlechip main control unit;
step five: the single chip microcomputer main control unit tracks the maximum power point of the solar battery in a self-adaptive mode according to the collected data;
step six: the single chip microcomputer main control unit judges whether the output power of the lithium battery is larger than the maximum charging power of the solar battery or not according to the collected data, and if so, the step seven is carried out; otherwise, entering the step eight;
step seven: the singlechip main control unit adjusts the duty ratio to enable the charging power of the solar battery to be maximum, and the step eleven is carried out;
step eight: judging whether the lithium battery is in a full-charge state, if so, entering a ninth step; otherwise, entering the step ten;
step nine: the single chip microcomputer main control unit adjusts the duty ratio to enable the charging power of the solar battery to be equal to the output power of the lithium battery, and the step eleven is carried out;
step ten: the single chip microcomputer main control unit adjusts the duty ratio to enable the charging power of the solar battery to be larger than the output power of the lithium battery, the solar battery supplies power to the device while charging the lithium battery, and the step eleven is carried out;
step eleven: judging whether lightning stroke occurs on the lightning arrester, if so, entering a step twelve; otherwise, go to step fourteen;
step twelve: the lightning current measuring circuit measures the lightning current and transmits the lightning current to the singlechip main control unit;
step thirteen: the lightning stroke indicator action circuit obtains energy to control the action of the coil, the lightning stroke count is increased by 1, and the step sixteen is carried out;
fourteen steps: the lightning arrester normal state current detection circuit detects that the full current of the lightning arrester in the running state displays the full current data through a mechanical pointer of an ammeter, and simultaneously transmits the current data to the single chip microcomputer main control unit;
step fifteen: the temperature measurement module measures the ambient temperature and transmits the ambient temperature to the singlechip main control unit;
sixthly, the steps are as follows: whether a patrolling person checks the running state of the lightning arrester or not, if so, entering a seventeenth step; otherwise, go to step twenty;
seventeen steps: judging whether the single chip microcomputer main control unit is in a night state, if so, entering an eighteen step; otherwise, entering the nineteen step;
eighteen steps: the singlechip main control unit starts the LED backlight module to provide illumination for the display of the electronic ink screen;
nineteen steps: the single chip microcomputer main control unit starts the electronic ink screen and displays the total lightning stroke frequency, the latest lightning stroke current value and the full current value;
twenty steps: the main control unit of the single chip microcomputer judges whether a time period set by a user is reached, and if so, the step twenty-one is carried out; otherwise, returning to the step eleven;
twenty one: the single chip microcomputer main control unit packs lightning current data and duration data through the remote communication module and sends the lightning current data and the duration data to an equipment owner, whether the change of full current data in a period exceeds 20% is judged, and if the change of full current data in the period exceeds 20%, the operation goes to twenty-three step; otherwise, entering the twenty-two step;
step twenty-two: the single-chip microcomputer main control unit compares interphase data of the arresters in the same group through the Zigbee module, and if the interphase difference exceeds 20%, the step twenty-three is carried out; otherwise, returning to the step eleven;
twenty-three steps: the remote communication module sends the early warning information to the equipment owner.
10. A control method of the lightning arrester online monitoring device capable of fault early warning according to claim 9, characterized in that: the temperature measurement module is used for measuring the ambient temperature and transmitting the ambient temperature to the singlechip main control unit, and the singlechip main control unit is used for carrying out conversion and comparison between current lightning arrester current data and an initial value of lightning arrester current data in a period, and judging that the state of the lightning arrester is abnormal if the current increases by 3-5% according to 10 degrees of temperature increase, and monitoring is reinforced;
the infrared human body sensing module is used for receiving infrared radiation emitted by patrolmen, when the patrolmen pass by the vicinity of the device, the infrared human body sensing module sends a signal to the single-chip microcomputer main control unit, and the single-chip microcomputer main control unit sends a signal to open the electronic ink screen for the patrolmen to check the running states of the lightning arrester and the device body and record data;
the electronic ink screen is used for receiving and displaying the lightning arrester monitoring data output by the single chip microcomputer main control unit, the data are displayed clearly in a highlight state and are like paper, inspection data of inspection personnel can be conveniently checked, digital lighting display is realized by opening the LED backlight module during night inspection, the power consumption of the electronic ink screen is extremely low, digital display and long endurance can be realized by milliampere-level current, the screen can still display the latest data before closing in a closed state, data reference can be provided for testing personnel even in a power failure maintenance state, and the inspection personnel can conveniently judge the operation state of the lightning arrester and the performance state of the device;
the LED backlight module is used for receiving signals sent by the main control unit of the single chip microcomputer, when patrolling personnel patrols the lightning arrester at night, the LED backlight module is started to provide a lighting source for the patrolling personnel to check data on the electronic ink screen, and when no one patrols at day time or night, the LED backlight module is in a closed state, so that energy consumption is saved to the maximum extent;
the Zigbee module is used for exchanging data among phases of the same group of lightning arresters and sending a comparison result to the single-chip microcomputer main control unit, and when the difference value of the data among the phases exceeds 20%, the single-chip microcomputer main control unit sends information to a patrol person or an equipment owner through the remote communication module, so that the state of the lightning arresters is ensured to be checked in time, and accidents are prevented.
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