CN1137194A - Piezoelectric power generator, portable power supply unit equipped with same, and portable electronic device equipped with the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a potable small-sized piezoelectric generating device which efficiently transfers the mechanical energy to the electric energy. The generating device comprises a free end which can freely vibrate, a vibrating plate of a supporting end which supports the free end, at least two piezoelectric parts which are formed at least on one side of the supporting end of the vibrating plate when a supporting layer is pressed in the middle and a multiplayer is formed, a power generation part which covers at least a part of the electrodes of the upper surface or the lower surface of the piezoelectric parts. The alternate current is output from the electrodes.

Description

Piezoelectrics Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) and portable power supply device and portable electronic instrument with this Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT)

The Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) that the present invention relates to utilize mechanical oscillation and generate electricity, particularly relate to and to be assembled on the small-sized portable machine such as wrist-watch, the kinetic energy of pendulum etc. is transformed to the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of electric energy and the portable electronic instrument with this Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) by vibrating reed.

As the Miniature Power Unit device that wrist-watch is used, the motion that utilizes rotation hammer that special public clear 51-17393 communique record arranged makes piezoelectric element generation deformation and the portable small-sized supply unit that generates electricity.This portable small-sized supply unit is that piezoelectric element is fixed on the elasticity control lever, utilizes the control vibration of bar to make piezoelectric element that deformation take place repeatedly, and the electric power that piezoelectric element is taken place uses as power supply whereby.

Obtain making piezoelectric element in the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of electric power, be added to energy on elasticity control lever and the piezoelectric element (below, be defined as the input energy) mainly be divided into the elasticity control lever deformation energy, piezoelectric element deformation energy and utilize the generating of piezoelectric element and save these three kinds of the electric energy of Reserve Power Division.Wherein, for the most important electric energy of Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) be with piezoelectric element the motor coupling coefficient, when piezoelectric element does not charge output voltage (below, be called electromotive force) and the voltage of capacitance and Reserve Power Division (below, be called capacitance voltage) etc. and change, but, be a few percent of the deformation energy of piezoelectric element.But, because control lever vibrates repeatedly, make piezoelectric element that deformation repeatedly take place, so, can be constantly the deformation energy of elasticity control lever and piezoelectric element be transformed to electric energy.Therefore, can obtain being transformed to the much bigger electric energy of amount of electric energy at last than 1 vibration.But the electric energy of taking-up is that conversion efficiency is low with respect to the total amount of input energy, must improve conversion efficiency on being suitable for.

Like this, though use the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of the piezoelectric element of special public clear 51-17393 communique record to generate electricity,, as carrying usefulness, shape is too big.Therefore, in the present invention, in order to use suitableization of Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of piezoelectric element, the inventor has studied following project, and the small-sized Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) that can provide conversion efficiency higher is provided.

The first, on the cantilever beam that is made of elasticity control lever and piezoelectric element, the deformation energy of elasticity control lever and piezoelectric element is easily from fixed part dissipation.Therefore, energy loss (below, be called vibration and leak) big, be difficult to improve conversion efficiency.Leak in order to reduce this vibration, can improve the rigidity of fixed part, still, fixed part will maximize, for carrying restriction.

The second, piezoelectric element is with compression or stretch corresponding efficient the compression of itself generation or the deformation energy of stretching, extension are transformed to electric energy.At this moment, only the seldom part of the deformation energy of flexible control lever is supplied with as the deformation energy of piezoelectric element, so conversion efficiency is very low.The deformation energy of the root of the elasticity control lever of particularly deformation maximum is not supplied with piezoelectric element, so conversion efficiency is very low.In addition, because the elasticity control lever engages by adhesive linkage with piezoelectric element,, the deformation that piezoelectric element takes place is reduced, in adhesive linkage generation energy loss so this adhesive linkage just becomes buffer component.Therefore, input can just almost be leaked and lose as vibration.

The 3rd, because the capacitance of piezoelectric element is very little, so, use the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of piezoelectric element to obtain high voltage easily, still, the electric current of generation is very little, is used to carry the charging of the power supply of the three ten-day period of hot season level that the electronic instrument of usefulness uses, and efficient is very low.

The 4th, on the structure of vibrating reed, utilize the transversal effect of the direction quadrature of elasticity direction of wave travel and voltage to generate electricity easily, but, if can use the big direction of propagation of the motor coupling coefficient longitudinal effect identical to generate electricity, then can further improve conversion efficiency with the direction of voltage.But,, be difficult to utilize longitudinal effect with the structure of existing vibrating reed.

Like this, in the present invention, aim to provide a kind of energy raising and use the conversion efficiency of the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of piezoelectric element, can be used as small-sized Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of carrying suitableization of usefulness.And, thereby the present invention also aims to provide vibration to leak seldom, can effectively utilize the big Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of deformation energy current value.In addition, providing the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) that can utilize longitudinal effect to generate electricity also is one of purpose of the present invention.In addition, the present invention also aims to provide the decay of vibration very little, can effectively mechanical energy be transformed to the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of electric energy.And, Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) that provides the utmost point to be suitable for portable electronic instrument and the portable electronic instrument with this Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) are provided.

In the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of use piezoelectrics of the present invention, extend to the root of vibrating reed and proportional limit that the supporting layer of elasticity control lever etc. is shared in the scope of appointment by making piezoelectrics, the deformation energy of applying in a flexible way effectively just can generate electricity.Promptly, piezoelectrics Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of the present invention is characterised in that: have possess with supporting layer be clipped in the middle at least 2 piezoelectricity bodies being lamination structure and cover these piezoelectricity bodies at least topmost and the electrode of nethermost at least a portion and can be from the Power Generation Section of these electrode output AC electricity, this Power Generation Section be arranged on have free end that carries out free vibration and the vibrating reed of supporting this free-ended support end support the side of holding at least.In addition, the ratio of the sectional area of the supporting layer of this Power Generation Section is limited in about below 60%.2 piezoelectricity bodies are direct lamination or electrode is clipped in the middle and lamination also.

In this piezoelectrics Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT), a side of the support end of the vibrating reed by the piezoelectricity body being arranged on deformation maximum, the easy dissipation of deformation energy is the root of vibrating reed, the deformation energy of this part can be passed to effectively the piezoelectricity body and be transformed to electric energy.In addition, when deformation energy almost all focuses on the supporting layer of elasticity control lever etc., just it is recovered to the piezoelectricity body, is difficult to be transformed to electric energy.Therefore, according to the described experimental result in back, with the proportional limit of the sectional area of supporting layer built in the scope that can obtain high conversion efficiency.

The amount that can make the deformation energy that passes to supporting layer with the vibrating reed of the layer structure of the thin supporting layer of piezoelectricity body clamping seldom.In addition, owing on supporting layer, be provided with the part of the bump of impingement area when bearing intake etc., so, direct impact can be avoided, thereby the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) that reliability is high can be realized the piezoelectricity body.By pendulum being added to the free-ended front end of vibrating reed, bump is added to makes it to carry out free vibration on this pendulum, just can further prevent to wait the fault that causes by impacting.

In addition, comprise the layer structure of supporting layer by employing, can also be with the electric pathway utilization of supporting layer as the piezoelectricity body.Therefore, use supporting layer, can be used as the electrode that is connected usefulness with rectifying device and use piezoelectricity body series connection and in parallel.

In addition, preferably adopt make with the lateral dimension of the piezoelectricity body of the direction of vibration quadrature of vibrating reed the closer to supporting end one side to cause triangular in shape or trapezoidal vibrating reed than free end one side is roomy more.Like this, owing to the stress that vibration can be caused is distributed on the piezoelectricity body basically equably, so, can improve conversion efficiency.

When being fixed to support end one side of vibrating reed on the fixed component, by the piezoelectricity body is set to this standing part and from this standing part on the part that the free end direction is extended, just can be at an easy rate the deformation energy of vibrating reed root be transformed to electric energy.At this moment, electrode is preferably disposed on the extension, is not arranged on standing part as far as possible.Make piezoelectricity body extension by electrode is arranged on, the root of vibrating reed can be used flexibly as the Power Generation Section, thereby more effectively flexible utilization is added to the deformation energy at this place.On the other hand, because fixedly the part of vibrating reed is not contributed generating, so, electrode is not located at this part, can prevent that electric charge from disperseing, reduce thereby can suppress electromotive force.In addition, extend to standing part, can relax the stress of the end that is added to the piezoelectricity body by making the piezoelectricity body.That is, extend to fixing part, through supporting to hold fixing part all to have the piezoelectricity body, can avoid stress concentration at a place of root one side of piezoelectricity body from free end by making the piezoelectricity body, so, piezoelectricity body damage etc. can be prevented.

The voltage higher than the voltage of charging system must take place in Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT).In addition, in the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of using vibrating reed, owing to the decay of electromotive force with vibration reduces, so, need electromotive force to a certain degree during beginning.Therefore, as mentioned above, the area that can not make electrode is greatly to unnecessary size, simultaneously, preferably makes the polarised direction of the 1st and the 2nd piezoelectricity body of the piezoelectricity body that Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) uses opposite, and with the series connection of the 1st and the 2nd piezoelectricity body, to obtain high electromotive force.Owing to by making polarised direction opposite, and the 1st and the 2nd piezoelectricity body is connected by supporting layer, so, high electromotive force can be obtained from the two sides of vibrating reed.Therefore,, also can obtain enough electromotive force even the initial displacement of vibrating reed is little, so, can make because the energy loss that the decay of vibration causes is very little, thereby can improve conversion efficiency.

In addition, as Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT), it also is important improving the current value that takes place.Particularly use the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of piezoelectric element, obtain current ratio and obtain the voltage difficulty, so, wish to increase current value.In piezoelectrics Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of the present invention, constitute the piezoelectricity body by a plurality of piezoelectric body layers along the polarised direction lamination, electrode is clipped in the middle, with these piezoelectric body layer parallel connections.Like this, just can increase electrode area, in addition,, can guarantee the cross section of piezoelectricity body by carrying out lamination with thin generating body layer to the contributive part of generating electricity.Therefore, can increase the capacity of Power Generation Section significantly, so, big current value can be obtained.

When the piezoelectricity body along with the free end that connects vibrating reed and the direction of supporting end basically during the direction polarization of quadrature, just can utilize transversal effect to generate electricity, in addition, when the piezoelectricity body basically along the free end that connects vibrating reed with when supporting the direction polarization of end, conveniently generate electricity with longitudinal effect.Particularly, can utilize high coupling coefficient to generate electricity by utilizing longitudinal effect to generate electricity, so, conversion efficiency can be improved significantly.

In addition, carry out the combination of tuning-fork type ground, can constitute the good structure of continuation of vibration by 2 vibrating reeds that will have the Power Generation Section, so, can make the decay of vibration very little, improve conversion efficiency.For the decay that suppresses to vibrate, improve conversion efficiency, preferably use the mechanism of shaking that adds that applies rightabout displacement to 2 vibrating reeds of tuning-fork type combination.Utilize this mechanism of shaking that adds, can make it to take place the vibration mode of tuning fork.

As adding the mechanism of shaking, can adopt to have the free end that makes in 2 vibrating reeds any one mechanism to the bump portion of the direction bump of another vibrating reed and the wall portion of colliding with the free end of another vibrating reed when bump is added on the vibrating reed, 2 vibrating reeds that utilize bump portion and wall portion that tuning-fork type is made up clamp just can add and shake.This bump portion can carry out the vibration of oscillator shape with pendulum.

In addition, 2 vibrating reeds of tuning-fork type combination are being supported to carry out the vibration of oscillator shape, as adding the mechanism of shaking, as long as in the wall portion that the free end one side setting of a vibrating reed is collided, vibrate by 2 vibrating reeds that make the tuning-fork type combination, can make the direction of displacement of 2 vibrating reeds opposite, so, the tuning fork vibration pattern that decays little can be obtained.In addition, even the central authorities of the member that interrelates from support end one side of 2 vibrating reeds of vibrating reed one side impaction and tuning-fork type combination also can utilize to add the mechanism of shaking and make 2 vibrating reeds that round about displacements take place.As adding the mechanism of shaking, the mechanism of shaking that adds that has part 2 between part 1 that the interval of free end one side of 2 vibrating reeds that make tuning-fork type combination increases and the free end that is contained in 2 vibrating reeds by setting, and part 1 and part 2 alternately be inserted between free end one side of 2 vibrating reeds, also can make 2 vibrating reeds that rightabout displacement takes place.

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the brief configuration of the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of use piezoelectrics of the embodiment of the invention 1 and portable instrument;

Fig. 2 is the profile of brief configuration of the drive system of Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 3 is the oblique view of the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of use vibrating reed shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 4 is the profile of the structure of vibrating reed shown in Figure 3;

Fig. 5 curve chart that to be coupling coefficient change with the relative thickness of the supporting layer of the vibrating reed with piezoelectricity body shown in Figure 3;

Fig. 6 is the curve chart that the charge efficiency when utilizing Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) charging shown in Figure 3 changes with initial vibration voltage;

Fig. 7 has the curve chart that rate of energy loss changes with amplitude in the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of vibrating reed of piezoelectricity body shown in Figure 3 in use;

Fig. 8 is the oblique view of brief configuration of the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of the vibrating reed of the use of the embodiment of the invention 2 with piezoelectricity body;

Fig. 9 is the oblique view of brief configuration of the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of the vibrating reed of the use of the embodiment of the invention 3 with piezoelectricity body;

Figure 10 is the oblique view of brief configuration of the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of the vibrating reed of the use of the embodiment of the invention 4 with piezoelectricity body;

Figure 11 is the oblique view of brief configuration of Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of the tuning-fork type combination vibration sheet of the embodiment of the invention 5;

Figure 12 has the difference of the vibrating body of piezoelectrics with structure, the curve chart of the decay of its deformation energy;

Figure 13 makes the vibration component of tuning-fork type that the shake schematic diagram of an example of mechanism of adding of rightabout displacement take place;

Figure 14 makes the vibration component of tuning-fork type that shake another routine schematic diagram of mechanism of adding of rightabout displacement take place;

Figure 15 makes the vibration component of tuning-fork type that shake another routine schematic diagram of mechanism of adding of rightabout displacement take place;

Figure 16 makes the vibration component of tuning-fork type that shake another routine schematic diagram of mechanism of adding of rightabout displacement take place, and Figure 16 (a) is its side, and Figure 16 (b) sees form from the below.

Below, present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying.

(embodiment 1)

Fig. 1 is the brief configuration of wrist-watch with Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of the embodiment of the invention 1.This routine wrist-watch 10 has the inside Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) 20 that is contained in watchcase 1, the drive system 11 that drives this Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) 20, the alternating current that obtains from Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) 20 is carried out rectification rectification circuit 2, savings rectification electric current accumulator 4 and utilize the electric current that takes place to carry out the processing unit 6 that timing is handled.Processing unit 6 is handled in real time and is waited the timing processing except driving dial portion 7, can also have functions such as broadcast receiver, beep-pager or personal computer.In addition, in this example, using capacitor 5 in the accumulator 4, still, also can be the element with electric power storage capacity of secondary cell etc.Rectification circuit 2 does not limit the full-wave rectifying circuit that uses diode 3 as this example, can be half-wave rectifying circuit yet, can certainly be to use the rectification circuit of inverter etc.In Fig. 1, this routine wrist-watch has been shown, but rectification circuit 2, accumulator 4 and processing unit 6 etc. dispose overlappingly with described drive system 11 planes, back, be intended to realize the miniaturization of whole device with schematic diagram.

The Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of using in this routine wrist-watch 10 20 has with the cantilever beam shape and is fixed on vibrating reed 21 on the base plate 12.Piezoelectricity body 22 is arranged on the both sides of vibrating reed 21, constitutes the Power Generation Section by these two piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b.In addition, pendulum 25 is installed in the front end 23 of vibrating reed 21, by drive system 11 pendulum 25 of front end is moved, and with this vibrating reed 21 is added and shakes.Utilize drive system 11 to add when shaking, the front end of vibrating reed 21 becomes free end 23, and a side that is fixed on the base plate 12 with screw 27 becomes support end 24, carries out free vibration, along with free vibration, just produces electromotive force in piezoelectricity body 22.

This routine drive system 11 has the rotation hammer 13 that is rotated motion in the inside of watchcase 1, and on wrist the time, this rotation hammer 13 utilizes its rotatory force that vibrating reed 21 is vibrated along with people's the wrist and the motion of health etc. are rotated as watchband.Therefore, use the gear train of structure shown in Figure 2, the Motion Transmission of rotation hammer 13 is given the pendulum 25 of the front end of vibrating reed.At first, the motion of rotation hammer 13 passes to idler gear 15 by rotation hammer gear 14 and quickens.Constitute gear train in the narrow space that described gear of this idler gear 15 and back and cam can be limited at the rotation hammer bearing 16 by base plate 12 in the support watchcase 1 and rotation hammer 13.The Motion Transmission of idler gear 15 is given cam driving gear 17, by these cam driving gear 17 left and right sides driving cams 19, makes protuberance 18 motions of the pendulum that is contained in vibrating reed 25 inside of cam 19.Therefore, when people's the wrist and the motion of health etc. passed to rotation hammer 13 with rotatory force, cam 19 was just by this power side-to-side vibrations, and the protuberance about 18 of cam 19 clashes into the pendulum 25 of vibrating reeds.Under this effect of impact, the displacement of appointment just takes place in vibrating reed 21, thereby stores deformation energy.And when cam 19 was got back to central authorities, vibrating reed 21 vibrations produced electromotive force along with this vibration in piezoelectricity body 22.The cam 19 that this routine drive system 11 is used in order to reduce the load of drive system, adopts the little decorative pattern formula cam of the moment of inertia.In addition, realize miniaturization, except idler gear 15, cam driving gear 17 is set also in order to make cam 19.

Fig. 3 promptly shows the briefing of the vibrating reed 21 of these routine Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) 20 employings with the state with vibrating reed half-twist shown in Figure 2 from the top of vibrating reed.This routine vibrating reed 21, the free end 23 of its front end suspended pendulum 25 be than supporting that end 24 is thin, totally is roughly to be trapezoidal tabular, utilizes screw 27 to be fixed on fixed part 28 on the base plate 12 the support end 24 1 side settings of wider width.Vibrating reed 21 is the layer structures of the metallicity supporting layer 26 at center being clamped with 2 laminations electricity body 22a and 22b, to free end 23 electrode 31 is set from the place that contacts with the base plate 12 of supporting end 24 1 sides.The inside of the pendulum 25 of the コ shape that this routine vibrating reed 21 is hung at front end by the protuberance 18 of cam drives, so, add along the above-below direction shown in the arrow A and to shake.And, because this routine vibrating reed 21 is wide tabular of the direction vertical with direction of vibration, so, be a kind of soft at direction of vibration, with the harder structure of direction of vibration quadrature.Therefore, encouraged the stable vibration of A along the vertical direction along with the deformation of the A along the vertical direction that applies by cam 19.

This routine vibrating reed 21 is arranged on the both sides of supporting layer 26 with piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b, and each piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b extend to from free end 23 and support end 24 1 sides, and and then extends to fixed part 28.Therefore, the root portion of the vibrating reed 21 of deformation maximum is covered by piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b, just can the deformation energy of this root portion be transformed to electric energy by piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b.Therefore, even have the vibrating reed of the beam type of identical self damping rate, also can increase the electric energy that 1 time displacement obtained, thereby can improve conversion efficiency.Vibration takes place the root portion of extending to free end 23 1 sides from the fixed part 28 of the support end 24 of this vibrating reed 21 leaks, and is the part of the easy dissipation of deformation energy.In this routine Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT), the piezoelectricity body is arranged on the big part of this dissipation of energy, can utilize the deformation energy that is stored in this piezoelectricity body by piezoelectricity body 22a and 2b, and then the deformation energy that can also utilize supporting layer 26 to store, it is transformed to electric energy.Therefore, can improve conversion efficiency significantly.

In addition, the vibrating reed 21 of this routine Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) is the wide shape of width of supporting end 24.Therefore, the sectional area that is positioned at the piezoelectricity body 22a of root portion of deformation energy maximum and 22b is big, and all piezoelectricity bodies of vibrating reed can be brought into play impartial basically generating capacity.That is, to supporting end 24 1 sides little by little to increase, in this routine vibrating reed, sectional area also little by little increases to support end 24 1 sides from free end 23 deformation quantity during the vibrating reed vibration from free end 23.Therefore, the stress that takes place in vibrating reed equates basically that on each cross section the each several part of piezoelectricity body has impartial basically generating capacity.Therefore, the distribution of electric charge and the difference of electromotive force are very little, thereby can generate electricity effectively.

In addition, owing to form piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b to the fixed part 28 of supporting end 24 1 sides,, but stress can be distributed on the whole piezoelectricity body so stress is not the end that concentrates on the piezoelectricity body from free end 23 1 sides of vibrating reed 21.Therefore, can relax concentrating of the stress that is added on the piezoelectricity body, thereby can prevent faults such as the piezoelectricity body peels off.

As shown in Figure 4, in this example, each piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b are respectively the layer structures along the overlapping 3 lamination electrics layers of direction of vibration.This 3 lamination electrics layer 30a, 30b polarize along the consistent direction shown in the arrow X with 30c, and 3 lamination electrics layer 30a, 30b and 30c adopt easy polarization collocation form by electrode 31 parallel connections.In addition, the polarised direction of each piezoelectric body layer is selected like this, promptly up and down piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b totally shown in arrow Y, polarised direction is consistent with the direction of clamping supporting layer 26, piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b are connected by the metallicity supporting layer 26 with conductivity up and down.

Along with vibrating reed 21 vibration of A along the vertical direction, for example the piezoelectricity body 22a of supporting layer 26 tops is compressed in this example, and the piezoelectricity body 22b of below is stretched.Therefore, this routine vibrating reed 21 is to utilize the vibrating reed of elastic wave along the generating usefulness of the transversal effect of the direction propagation vertical with the polarised direction Y that produces voltage.In addition, because piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b be clipped in the middle supporting layer 26 and be installed in the both sides up and down of direction of vibration, so, be to use the generating element of the piezoelectrics of bimorph.

As shown in Figure 4, this routine vibrating reed 21 makes the ratio of supporting layer 26 shared thickness in vibrating reed 21 less than 60%, preferably is about 20%.That is, the ratio of the thickness T s that gets supporting layer 26 and the gross thickness Tp of piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b is 1: 1 or less than this ratio.That is, the ratio of the sectional area that makes supporting layer 26 and the total sectional area of piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b is 1: 1 or less than this ratio.Fig. 5 shows and is adopting phosphor bronze as supporting layer 26, situation that to use the piezoelectric of pottery series be PZT (trade mark) the motor coupling coefficient that constitutes vibrating reed in the vibrating reed of piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b (below, abbreviate coupling coefficient as) changes with the relative thickness of supporting layer 26.Coupling coefficient is the amount of electricity-machine conversion efficiency of expression piezoelectric element, in this example, the energy that is transformed to electric power output and square root with the ratio of the energy of mechanical type input is shown.

As shown in Figure 5, the relative thickness of supporting layer is about at 20% o'clock, just little by little reduces after the coupling coefficient maximum, this value.And when relative thickness reaches about 60% the time, just becoming with what do not have supporting layer 26 is the piezoelectricity body 22a coupling coefficient identical with the direct-connected vibrating reed of 22b, and when the relative thickness of supporting layer surpassed 60%, coupling coefficient just almost reduced monotonously.According to this experimental result as can be known, preferably the relative thickness of supporting layer is limited in vibrating reed thickness about 60% in.In addition, also know, obtain the high vibrating reed of conversion efficiency, preferably make the relative thickness of supporting layer 26 be about 20% in order to improve coupling coefficient.If the thickness of supporting layer is increased,, can think that the ratio that is transformed to electric energy by the piezoelectricity body just reduces, so the thickness of supporting layer preferably is limited in the above-mentioned scope just the deformation energy that supporting layer stores increases.On the other hand, when not having supporting layer, deformation energy will all be stored in the piezoelectricity body, so conversion efficiency will improve.But,, can think or be provided with the conversion efficiency height of the vibrating reed of thin supporting layer if consider the efficient that the impulsive force that will be subjected to stores as deformation energy and the reasons such as decay of vibration.

In addition, because the supporting layers such as metallic 26 that are clipped between piezoelectricity body 22a and the 22b are positioned near the central authorities that deformation does not almost take place, so, will be stored in piezoelectricity body 22a and the 22b with the major part of the deformation energy of mechanical type input.That is, if consider the situation that vibrating reed 21 is subjected to displacement, then the partial dislocation near the upper and lower surface that piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b are set is big, and near the displacement the central authorities at supporting layer 26 places is little.Therefore, so long as the supporting layer of relative thickness in the above-mentioned scope, the contribution of negative effect that the contribution comparison of the positive-effect that deformation energy is transformed to vibration etc. is absorbed deformation energy is big.Therefore, the supporting layer of suitable thickness has effect to increase the electric energy that can take place in 1 vibration, can improve conversion efficiency.In addition, vibrating reed 21 utilizes the impact of the such movable link of rotation hammer and the situation of intake is a lot, therefore, if constitute impingement area etc. with piezoelectric element, is easy to damage piezoelectric element.Particularly a large amount of now piezoelectric elements that use are materials of ceramic-like, wish that direct acting impact is the smaller the better.For this point, if this routine Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT), then supporting layer 26 can use metal that is difficult to rupture etc., just can be with mechanical energy inputted vibration sheet 21 by this supporting layer 26.In addition, the supporting layer 26 with conductivity also has the function that the piezoelectricity body that is arranged on its both sides is electrically connected.Preventing to impact aspect the fault that causes, in this routine vibrating reed 21, pendulum 25 is set at its front end, apply the bump that is used for carrying out free vibration from drive system 11 to this pendulum, directly the piezoelectricity body is not applied bump.

In addition, in this routine vibrating reed 21, by constituting each piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b with 3 lamination electrics layer 30a, 30b and 30c are overlapping.And, utilize electrode 31 that these piezoelectric body layers 30a, 30b and 30c are together in parallel.Therefore, the electrode area of each piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b is 3 times that do not carry out when overlapping, so capacitance becomes 9 times, the electromotive force of open state becomes 1/3.In addition,, guarantee the thickness of piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b easily by carrying out lamination, so, the relative thickness of supporting layer can be reduced at an easy rate.

In addition, because this routine vibrating reed 21 makes the overall polarised direction Y of piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b consistent, so these piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b are by supporting layer 26 series connection.Therefore, electromotive force becomes 2 times that make the identical vibrating reed of polarised direction.

In using the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of piezoelectric element, deformation is added to the electric energy that produces on the piezoelectric element and is only determined by the motor coupling coefficient when not charging.That is, no matter which type of piezoelectric element as long as the motor coupling coefficient is identical, corresponding to identical intake, produces identical electric energy.But the electric energy that is stored by accumulators such as capacitors by charging is except the motor coupling coefficient, or the function of the voltage of accumulators such as the electromotive force of piezoelectric element, capacitance and capacitor.For example, even make that electricity capacity is big, electromotive force is less than the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of the voltage of accumulator, also can not charge.On the other hand, if make that electricity capacity is infinitely close to 0, electromotive force is near infinitely-great Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT),,, in the middle of reality, can not charge so charge volume is few owing to hardly electric charge takes place.Therefore, importantly between these conditions, find the electromotive force and the capacitance of the most suitable charging.

Charge volume maximum when according to the inventor's experiment and research as can be known, the electromotive force that uses the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of piezoelectrics is about 2 times of voltage of accumulator.For example, the voltage of capacitor 5 shown in Figure 1 is 1.5V, charges as the system of the total 2V of 0.5V for the loss of diode that rectification circuit is used, and preferably electromotive force is the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of 4V.In addition, in the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of using vibrating reed, the electromotive force maximum that initial vibration causes, along with the decay of vibration, electromotive force reduces.Therefore, preferably set initial electromotive force, so that the charge volume maximum.

Fig. 6 be the charging system to the 2V system when charging efficient and the relation of initial vibration voltage.As seen from the figure, for the charging system of 2V system, preferably set the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) that initial vibration voltage is about 10V.Like this, even have the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of the ability of identical store electrical energy, in order to make the ability that electric current takes place big, increasing capacitance is inevitably, in addition, also needs suitable initial electromotive force.

In addition, in the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of using vibrating reed, can obtain big initial voltage by increasing initial displacement.But as shown in Figure 7, when amplitude increased, the loss late of vibrational energy also increased, so total charge volume will reduce.Therefore, preferably reduce amplitude as far as possible, obtain suitable initial electromotive force.

In the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of using this routine vibrating reed, at first, make each piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b become lamination structure, increase capacitance, thereby increase output current.Little amplitude in addition,, improves initial electromotive force, even also can obtain the initial electromotive force of appointment by piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b are connected in series.Like this, this routine Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) just can make the size of capacitance and electromotive force the most suitable, thereby can realize having the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) that conversion efficiency is big, charging performance is high by adopting lamination structure.

In this example, show 3 layers lamination structure, still, consider the size of voltage, vibrating reed of accumulator and displacement etc., the number of plies of lamination can freely be set, thereby the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of the piezoelectricity body with the best structure of charging can be provided.In addition, this routine Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) has the size that does not change vibrating reed and the capacitance that changes the piezoelectricity body just can obtain the effect of optimal charge state.As mentioned above, the quantity of lamination is selected according to the size of input structure and the various factorss such as voltage of mode and charging circuit.But in the middle of reality, in portable electronic instrument, the size of Power Generation Section is limited, in order to adjust capacitance, is difficult to change the size of Power Generation Section, still, if adopt this routine Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT), just can address this problem.In addition, the feature of piezoelectric element is that voltage is big, capacitance is little, is difficult to obtain many electric charges, and still, this problem also can solve.

In addition, as shown in Figure 3, this routine Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) will cover that the electrode 31 of piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b is the same with 22b with piezoelectricity body 22a to be provided with to such an extent that extend to support end 24 1 sides of vibrating reed 21, and a part extends to the fixed part 28 of vibrating reed 21.But, electrode 31 is not set on the fixed part 28.Fixed part 28 is that vibrating reed 21 is fixed on the part on the base plate 12, and deformation does not take place, and therefore, the piezoelectricity body of fixed part 28 is to not contribution of generating.If be provided with electrode 31 to such an extent that extend to the piezoelectrics part that generating is not had contribution, just be distributed on it at the electric charge that the contributive piezoelectrics that generate electricity are partly taken place, thus electromotive force is reduced.Therefore, in this example, only cover the contributive piezoelectrics part of generating electricity, thereby electromotive force is reduced, keep the high voltage that takes place with electrode 31.Like this, in this routine Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT), can increase capacitance, and can obtain very high electromotive force, so, the displacement of vibrating reed is reduced, the amplitude that also can reduce to vibrate simultaneously.Therefore, the primary stress that vibrating reed causes is smaller, so, can improve the durability of vibrating reed, thereby the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) that can generate electricity steadily in the long term can be provided.

In this example, the part that electrode 31 is exposed to the top of vibrating reed prolongs, as the connecting portion 31a that is connected with rectification circuit.In addition, the part of the bottom that is exposed to vibrating reed is contacted with base plate 12, become the connecting portion 31b that is connected with rectification circuit by base plate 12.Like this, in this routine Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT), the electric energy that is taken place by the piezoelectricity body is promptly taken out with the output line that support end 24 1 sides of free end 23 opposite sides particularly are arranged on fixed part 28 in the place of the vibration by being difficult to be subjected to the piezoelectricity body.This is to consider if with the part of conductor configurations in the vibration of piezoelectricity body, just can cause the motion leakage from lead, by from supporting end one side particularly to take out from fixed part, just can prevent the vibration leakage that output line causes basically fully as this example.

In addition, this routine vibrating reed 21 is that piezoelectricity body 22a and the 22b that will be arranged on its both sides utilizes laminations such as coating method or sputtering method to form to supporting layer 26.Therefore, with utilizing bonding agent etc. the piezo-electric device that the piezoelectricity body is set on the supporting layer 26 is compared, because the influence of the thickness of bonding agent and hardness etc., bonding agent becomes padded coaming, to the deformation that be added on the piezoelectricity body be reduced, thereby energy loss can not take place at adhesive linkage.Therefore, the deformation of supporting layer can pass to the piezoelectricity body effectively, thereby can improve conversion efficiency.In addition, there is not the phenomenon of adhesive strength difference and position deviation, can reduces variables such as the thickness of beam and width, so, can stably produce the vibrating reed that symmetry is good, the self damping rate is little in batches.In addition, can also reduce cost.

Make the drive system of vibrating reed generation initial displacement, be not limited to use above-mentioned rotation hammer certainly.For the vibrating reed of Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT), as long as deformation can take place, not restriction especially, for example, agitation member, oscillator and the hand hammer etc. of spring, use spring can.This drive system preferably is suitable for the system of small-sized as far as possible, the light weight of portable instrument.

(embodiment 2)

Fig. 8 is to use the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of the vibrating reed of another embodiment of the present invention.The vibrating reed 21 of this routine Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) 20 is the same with embodiment 1, is the bimorph formula, is marked with identical symbol for identical part, and omits its explanation.This routine vibrating reed 21 makes the Width that is distributed in vibrating reed 21 at the polarised direction X of the piezoelectricity body 22a of the both sides of supporting layer 26 formation and 22b, with direction of vibration A approximate vertical.Therefore, the generation direction of voltage in the foregoing description 1 be along and the top and bottom 33a of the vibrating reed direction vertical with 33b, in contrast, in this routine vibrating reed 21, become with about the face 34a direction vertical with 34b.Therefore, in this routine vibrating reed 21, the electrode 31a and the 31b that will be used for being connected with rectification circuit are arranged on face 34b on one side, will be used for the electrode of piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b series connection is arranged on the face 34a of the unshowned another side of Fig. 8.In addition, in this routine Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) since by the elasticity direction of wave travel that takes place of vibration also with the direction quadrature of voltage, so, be to utilize the transversal effect of piezoelectric element to generate electricity.

The piezoelectricity body 22a of this routine vibrating reed 21 is the same with the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) shown in the embodiment 1 with 22b, is made of 3 layer 35a, 35b and 35c respectively.In this routine Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT), because polarised direction is the Width of vibrating reed 21, it is left and right directions, so, opposite with 3 layers in embodiment 1 along the above-below direction lamination identical with direction of vibration A, in this example 3 layer 35a, 35b and 35c along with the left and right directions lamination of direction of vibration A quadrature.And these layers 35a, 35b and 35c are by electrode 31 parallel connections.In addition, the overall polarised direction of piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b is relative direction, and is the same with embodiment 1, and piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b are by electrode 31 series connection.

The routine Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) 20 of this of Gou Chenging is the same with embodiment 1 like this, and the piezoelectricity body extends to the root portion of vibrating reed 21, so, be the high Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of conversion efficiency that the deformation energy of vibrating reed 21 can be transformed to effectively electric energy.In addition, because each piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b adopt lamination structure, so, realize the optimum value of capacitance and electromotive force easily, thereby can charge to accumulator effectively.In addition, owing to electrode 31 in fact only is arranged on the contributive part of generating electricity, so, can make electromotive force reach enough height, thereby can under little amplitude, guarantee enough electric power.In addition, also has the high identical effect of Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) that illustrated with embodiment 1 of durability.

(embodiment 3)

Fig. 9 is that the center illustrates the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) with the above-mentioned different embodiment of the invention with the vibrating reed.This routine Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) 20 has vibrating reed roughly triangular in shape 21, and this vibrating reed 21 is structures that 2 laminations electricity body 22a and 22b are bonded.In addition, the polarised direction of each piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b is consistent with direction of vibration A.Therefore, the voltage of identical polar takes place on the top and bottom of this routine vibrating reed 21 33a and 33b, these piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b become the state by the electrode 31a parallel connection at the interface that is arranged on piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b.Therefore, will be connected with electrode 31a on the interface that is arranged on piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b to the power line of rectification circuit supply capability.In addition, electrode 31 is arranged on the top and bottom 33a and 33b of piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b, they and the screw 27 that vibrating reed 21 is fixed on the base plate 12 are electrically connected, be connected with the electrode of top and bottom 33a and 33b.And, through base plate 12 to the rectification circuit supply capability.

This routine Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) 20 is the same with the foregoing description, can use the root portion of the vibrating reed 21 of deformation energy maximum effectively and generate electricity, and has very high conversion efficiency.In addition, though since the vibration compression one side or stretching a side all is made of the piezoelectric monomer, so, compare with single piezo crystals chip that supporting layers such as 1 lamination electrics layer and metal is bonding, increase the total amount of 1 vibration deformation energy on the piezoelectric element that is added to easily.Therefore, 1 vibration of this routine Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) can be transformed to electric energy with more mechanical energy, so, can be described as the structure of the high Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of easy implementation efficiency.

In addition, also can be 2 laminations electricity body 22a and 22b is bonding, and utilize sputtering method etc. to form piezoelectric body layer in the both sides of electrode 31a without bonding agent etc., so, can prevent the energy loss of adhesive linkage.Also can improve conversion efficiency on the one hand at this.In addition,, can reduce the thickness of beam and the changing factor of width owing to do not have adhesive strength difference and position deviation, so, can produce the little Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of self damping rate at an easy rate in batches.

Shown in this routine Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) 20, can obtain sufficiently high electromotive force according to the characteristic of the piezoelectric element that constitutes the piezoelectricity body, under the low situation of the charging voltage of accumulator, can not provide the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) that enough big electromotive force takes place even pendulum is not installed at the free end 23 of vibrating reed yet.In addition, under the situation that does not need too big generation electric current, then will piezoelectrics portion not carry out lamination,, just can guarantee enough big capacitance by with 2 piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b parallel connection.

(embodiment 4)

Figure 10 illustrates the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of the vibrating reed that uses another embodiment of the present invention.The vibrating reed 21 of this routine Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) 20 is the same with embodiment 1, is the bimorph formula, is marked with identical symbol for identical part, and omits its explanation.This routine vibrating reed 21 is made of at the free end 23 of vibrating reed and 8 piezoelectric body layer 36a～36h of the direction lamination of supporting end 24 piezoelectricity body 22a and the 22b that the both sides at supporting layer 26 constitute.The polarised direction X of each piezoelectric body layer 36a～36h distributes along the direction of free end 23 that connects vibrating reed 21 and support end 24, with direction of vibration A approximate vertical.Therefore, the generation direction of voltage is also pointed to free end 23 and is supported the direction of end 24, and utilization is the broach shape and replaces outstanding electrode 37a and 37b along the vertical direction with piezoelectric body layer 36a～36b parallel connection.And it is relative with the voltage of generation to set the overall polarised direction Y of piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b, by the supporting layer 26 of conductivity piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b is connected.

This routine vibrating reed 21 also vibrating reed with the foregoing description is the same, A vibration along the vertical direction.Therefore, the elastic wave that the edge connects free end 23 and supports the direction propagation of end 24 takes place on piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b.And the polarised direction of expression voltage direction also is along the direction that connects free end 23 and support end 24, so this routine Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) 20 can utilize the longitudinal effect of piezoelectrics to generate electricity.Because the motor coupling coefficient when utilizing longitudinal effect is about 3 times when utilizing transversal effect, so, can make the conversion efficiency of this routine Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) very high.Certainly, the piezoelectricity body of use individual layer also can utilize the generating of longitudinal effect, still, uses the piezoelectricity body of individual layer, and interelectrode distance is very long, and capacitance is very little, can not obtain a lot of electric charges.Therefore, even the conversion efficiency height also is difficult to realize being actually used in the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of charging.On the contrary, in this routine Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT), owing to utilize lamination type to make electromotive force and capacitance reach optimum value, so, can increase by 1 time and vibrate resulting electric energy, thereby can charge effectively with very high conversion efficiency.

In addition, this routine Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) 20 is provided with the piezoelectricity body to such an extent that extend to the root portion of vibrating reed 21 always, and the deformation energy of the root portion of vibrating reed 21 also can be transformed to electric energy effectively.In addition, because each piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b adopt lamination structure, so, the same with the foregoing description, can make capacitance and electromotive force obtain optimum value at an easy rate.Like this, this routine Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) 20 is because piezoelectrics carry out lamination along the direction of holding to support from free end, so, hold the continuous piezoelectric body layer of fixed part through support except not forming from the free end of vibrating reed, have the various effects identical with the foregoing description, particularly this is a kind of very high Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of conversion efficiency of utilizing longitudinal effect.

(embodiment 5)

Figure 11 illustrates the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of the vibration component with another embodiment of the present invention.This routine Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) is to use communicates into the vibrating reed 21 of the various embodiments described above that the vibration component 40 of 2 tuning-fork types generates electricity.

Below, investigate the efficient when using the vibrating reed that the piezoelectricity body is set that deformation energy is transformed to electric energy.Even the vibration of vibrating reed 21 is not taken out electric energy and yet can be leaked (after, be called self damping) and little by little decay owing to the loss certainly of vibrating reed inside and from the vibration that the fixed part of fixing vibrating reed takes place.At this moment, establishing the attenuation rate of vibrating the deformation energy that is caused by self damping for 1 time is a%.In addition, because the vibration of vibrating reed is transformed to electric energy by the piezoelectricity body with deformation energy, the deformation energy suitable with the electric energy of output also decayed.If the attenuation rate of this deformation energy is b%.In 1 time of vibrating reed vibration, will lose the deformation energy of (a+b) %, obtain the electric energy of b% by self damping with to the conversion of electric energy.Therefore, be b/ (a+b) to the conversion efficiency of electric energy, this shows, if there is not the vibrating reed of self damping, can 100% ground deformation energy be transformed to electric energy.In addition, can also know, be effective in order to improve the conversion efficiency to electric energy, to suppress self damping as far as possible.

Figure 12 illustrates the experiment value of self damping of deformation energy of the vibration component of different structure.Among the figure, the decay of the deformation energy when solid line represents to make free vibration after the vibrating reed displacement of the beam type that illustrated in the above-described embodiments.In cantilever beam, square deformation energy that is directly proportional of the amplitude during with free vibration reduces monotonously with vibration number basically.The decay of the deformation energy when on the other hand, dotted line represents that vibration component to tuning-fork type applies common vibration.As seen from the figure, because the beam on one side that only makes tuning fork is to a direction displacement, so the vibrating reed on both sides only obtains half energy basically along the vibration of the tuning fork pattern of relative direction vibration, initial deformation energy is about half of cantilever beam.

In contrast, the attenuation trend of deformation energy when to represent to make vibrating reed 21a and the 21b on the both sides of tuning-fork type combination shown in Figure 10 be relative direction displacement round about of the dotted line among the figure.Like this, when making vibrating reed 21a and 21b round about during displacement, its energy will all be transformed to the vibration of tuning fork pattern, just vibrate with the vibration mode of tuning fork from the vibration initial stage.Therefore, just very little from the initial stage self damping, hence one can see that, by vibrating reed is combined into tuning-fork type, just can totally reduce the self damping of deformation energy for Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) greatly.Therefore, can further improve from the conversion efficiency of deformation energy to electric energy.

Now, return Figure 11 this routine vibration component 40 is described.This routine vibration component 40 has the support member that is コ shape 41 that the part 40c by the end of the part 40a of 2 part 40a that extend in parallel and 40b and these 2 extensions of connection and 40b forms, and the part 40a that extends in parallel and the 40b of this support member 41 constituted 2 vibrating reed 21a and 21b as supporting layer.Therefore, these 2 vibrating reed 21a and 21b are combined into the tuning-fork type structure by joining part 40c, and this routine vibration component 40 can be by the vibration mode excited vibration of tuning fork.In addition, be provided with in the substantial middle position of joining part 40c and use screw this vibration component 40 to be fixed to fixing hole 42 on the base plate etc.

Each vibrating reed 21a and 21b can be vibrating reed any of above-mentioned explanation, for example, form in the both sides of the support member 41 of コ shape in Figure 11 and the vibrating reed 21a and the 21b of the vibrating reed same structure that illustrated in embodiment 1.The detailed structure of each vibrating reed 21a and 21b illustrated in the above-described embodiments, so omission is marked with identical symbol for identical part, and omits its explanation below.But, in vibrating reed 21a that is combined into tuning-fork type and 21b, owing to be not that each vibrating reed 21a and 21b are subjected to displacement, so, the shape that is arranged on the pendulum 25 on the free end 23 is different with the foregoing description, it is positioned at the outside of the vibration component 40 that is combined into tuning-fork type, is a kind of shape that is subjected to easily from the bump in the outside.In addition, piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b are formed into from free end 23 always and support end 24 1 sides, and the major part of the deformation energy of vibrating reed root portion can be generated electricity effectively.In addition, the piezoelectricity body 22a that is positioned at the outside of the vibrating reed 21a that is combined into tuning-fork type and 21b extends to the joining part 40c place of the member 41 of the コ shape suitable with fixed part on above-mentioned vibrating reed, can prevent that stress from concentrating and cause and fault such as peel off at the piezoelectricity body.On the other hand, electrode 31 is the same with above-mentioned vibrating reed, covers the oscillating component of supporting end 24, prevents that CHARGE DISTRIBUTION is to generating is not had the part of the piezoelectrics of contributing and causes that electromotive force reduces.The position of electrode 31 and shape are not limited to situation shown in Figure 11, also can be arranged on according to the polarised direction of piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b on the side 34a or 34b of vibrating reed 21a and 21b.For example, different with example shown in Figure 11, the polarised direction of piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b disposes with respect to direction of vibration A is shown in embodiment 2, and electrode is provided with along the support member 41 of コ shape.And this electrode also can be that to make the positive and negative of support member 41 be same shape, perhaps, for example also the electrode of reverse side one side can be changed into comprehensive electrode.And, at this moment can only 2 front electrodes be connected with rectification circuit, this makes easily than the situation that 4 electrodes with the same shape of positive and negative connect, because piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b series connection, so, with the just exportable big voltage of very little deformation.

In addition, the shape of vibrating reed 21a and 21b is triangular in shape or trapezoidal, and its free end 23 1 sides are narrow, support that end 24 1 sides are that root portion is wide, equally with the foregoing description can deformation energy be transformed to electric energy with very high conversion efficiency.In addition, though be not shown specifically among the figure,, each piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b can adopt the lamination structure of multilayer etc., thereby can adopt the structure of the vibrating reed same effect of performance and above-mentioned beam type.In addition, 2 the vibrating reed 21a and the 21b that are combined into tuning-fork type both can connect, again can be in parallel.In the vibration component 40 of tuning-fork type shown in Figure 11, the support member 41 of コ shape is a conductivity, utilize this support member 41 to be connected with the piezoelectricity body 22a of each vibrating reed of series connection and the intermediate potential of 22b, generally can be with the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) parallel connection that constitutes by 2 vibrating reed 21a and 21b.Therefore, can provide Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) with bigger capacitance.

In addition, piezoelectricity body 22a and 22b utilize does not need to carry out bonding methods such as sputter formation with support member 41.By utilizing this method to form the piezoelectricity body, as tuning-fork type, symmetry to the contributive structure of self damping rate in, because no adhesive strength difference and position deviation, and can be shaped with integral type, so, can reduce the thickness of vibrating reed and the changing factor of width, realizing the stable batch process of self damping rate easily, and, can reduce cost.

As like that according to Figure 12 explanation, in the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of this routine tuning-fork type vibration component of use, for 2 vibrating reed 21a and 21b, make it to take place rightabout displacement promptly in opposite directions the displacement of direction be important.When fork on one side was subjected to displacement, approximately half of its energy can only be vibrated with the vibration mode of tuning fork, and this is because can not bring into play the advantage of zero-decrement tuning-fork type.

Figure 13 illustrates and makes vibrating reed 21a and 21b that the shake example of mechanism of adding of rightabout displacement take place.The mechanism 50 of shaking that adds of this example utilizes the rotation hammer 51 of rotating in the watchcase that uses and with respect to the wall 52 of rotation hammer 51 one side support vibration component 40 from the opposite vibration component 40 of tuning-fork type is clamped in wrist-watch etc., make each vibrating reed 21a and 21b that rightabout displacement take place, the vibration mode of excitation tuning-fork type.Rotation hammer 51 is the movable links that are rotated motion, plays the function of certain pendulum, when the downside of this rotation hammer 51 on drawing rotates, just with the pendulum 25 of the front end of the vibrating reed 21b on the left of the side impaction of rotation hammer 51.So, the pendulum 25 of the front end of the vibrating reed 21a of opposite one side just collides with wall, 2 vibrating reed 21a and 21b almost are subjected to displacement simultaneously to the inside, when the free end 23 of getting back to original position, vibrating reed 21a and 21b when rotation hammer 51 is decontroled, just begin to carry out the free vibration of the vibration mode of tuning-fork type.Therefore, the self damping of the vibration of vibrating reed 21a and 21b is very little, and deformation energy can not wasted, so, can effectively deformation energy be transformed to electric energy.In addition, when the position of the such portable electronic instrument of wrist-watch changes once more, when rotation hammer 51 bumps with vibration component 40, vibration component 40 just is clipped between rotation hammer 51 and the wall 52 rightabout deformation takes place repeatedly.Therefore, to the vibrating reed 21a and the 21b input deformation energy of vibration component 40, continue generating once more.

In addition, also the support member 41 of コ shape can be installed in rotationally above the base plate etc., and between vibrating reed 21a and 21b, the brake that prevents to rotate usefulness be set.In addition, in this example, the side of vibrating reed 21a and 21b is clashed into, still, also can constitute the mechanism of shaking that adds that makes rotation hammer 51 collide from the both sides of vibrating reed 21a and 21b, make it to take place rightabout displacement.At this moment, above-mentioned brake 9a must be configured near the position that can not influence the collision of rotation hammer 51 of the vibrating reed on both sides.

Figure 14 is and the shake example of mechanism of above-mentioned different adding.The vibration component 40 of the tuning-fork type that this is routine is mounted to the oscillator shape, can rotate, and in addition, also is provided with when vibration component 40 during along a certain direction rotation and the wall 55 that bumps of the front end of the free end 23 on one side of this vibrating reed 21a and 21b.When the free end 23 of vibrating reed on one side bumps with wall 55, the just displacement to the inside of its free end 23, simultaneously, the free end 23 of the vibrating reed of another side is also because the inertia displacement to the inside of the quality of oneself.Therefore, the vibrating reed 21a on both sides and the free end 23 of 21b be i.e. displacement round about to the inside all, thereby has encouraged the vibration mode of tuning-fork type.The wall 55 of vibration component 40 collisions both can be arranged on vibrating reed one side on one side as this example, also can be arranged on the outside of two vibrating reeds, so that the vibrating reed on both sides has little by little encouraged vibration after bumping.In addition, vibration component 40 both can rotate as falling with gravity, perhaps also can rotate with people's activity as the rotation hammer 51 of above-mentioned wrist-watch.

Figure 15 adds the example of the mechanism of shaking with above-mentioned different another.The mechanism 60 of shaking that adds of this example clashes into and makes vibrating reed 21a and 21b that the mechanism of rightabout displacement take place the so-called another part of the vibration component 40 of tuning-fork type.Therefore, shake mechanism in adding of this example, outer Monday of rotation hammer 51 side projection 61 is set, when the proper rotation hammer 51 of vibration component 40 configurations is rotated this projection 61 bumps with the substantial middle portion of the joining part 40c of the support member of コ shape.Like this, when rotation hammer 51 was rotated, just vibrating reed 21a and the 21b to both sides clashed into, and makes free end 23 displacement to the inside of these two vibrating reeds, so, encourage the vibration mode of tuning-fork type, thereby begun the little vibration that decays.

Figure 16 (a) illustrates and the shake example of mechanism of above-mentioned different adding by the side, and Figure 16 (b) is the form of seeing from bottom that adds the mechanism of shaking.The mechanism 65 of shaking that adds of this example has the disk 66 that rotates between vibrating reed 21a that is combined into tuning-fork type and 21b, be provided with the slope 67 that height changes intermittently on this disk 66.This slope 67 have make from its high part to the inclination of low part shown in the dotted line arrow of Figure 16 (b) like that little by little from low part to mild inclined-plane that high part changes and from high part to low part greatly sloped side jumpy.Therefore, when this disk 66 rotated between vibrating reed 21a and 21b, the free end 23 of vibrating reed 21a and 21b 67 moved along the slope, and by moving to high part from low part, the distance between the free end 23 just increases.And when becoming from the high part of disk 66 during to part that low part changes sharp, free end 23 just separates with disk 66, so free end 23 is displacement to the inside simultaneously just, thereby begins to carry out the vibration of the vibration mode of tuning-fork type.In adding in the mechanism 60 of shaking of the disk that uses this example,, just can make 2 vibrating reed 21a and 21b that the deformation that equates basically takes place by fixing disk 66 or vibration component 40 to such an extent that can what change along the vertical direction with slope.Therefore, can make vibrating reed 21a and 21b that more impartial vibration takes place, so, the vibration mode that decay is little, conversion efficiency is high can be encouraged.

In addition, disk 66 can utilize the rotation of rotation hammer 51 to rotate as wrist-watch.In addition, certainly, also can make the vibrating reed 21a and the 21b motion replacement that are combined into tuning-fork type that the disk with slope is rotated, utilize the slope that interrupted up and down deformation takes place.

Above, according to several embodiment the present invention has been described, still, the invention is not restricted to these embodiment.For example, though show the vibrating reed of several types as embodiment,, no matter which kind of vibrating reed can be combined into tuning-fork type.In addition, in an embodiment, the vibrating reed that roughly is trapezoidal or leg-of-mutton shape that use can be transformed to the deformation of the root portion of vibrating reed electric energy effectively is illustrated, but, can not trapezoidal or triangle also, utilize the piezoelectricity body is extended to root or above-mentioned various structures such as piezoelectricity body laminationization can be improved conversion efficiency.In addition, piezoelectric body layer also can not be to utilize above-mentioned sputtering method to form, and certainly, also can use block piezoelectrics to make vibrating reed.In addition, the material that constitutes the piezoelectricity body is not limited to PZT (trade mark), also can be quartzy, barium titanate is serial and macromolecular materials such as ceramic material such as lead titanates series and PVDF.

In addition, the invention is not restricted to the wrist-watch that illustrates in the above-described embodiments.As the portable electronic instrument beyond the wrist-watch, for example information terminal apparatus such as beep-pager, telephone set, wireless receiver, hearing aids, pedometer, calculator, electronic organizers, IC (integrated circuit) card, radio receiver etc. can be used Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of the present invention.And,, just can constantly charge, thereby can suppress battery consumption or not need battery along with people's activity etc. to energy storage device by in these portable machines, adopting Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of the present invention.Therefore, the user can worry that battery uses up and uses these portable machines relievedly, thereby can prevent to cause because of running down of battery the faults such as contents lost of memory stores.In addition, in the area that is not easy to obtain battery and charging device or place or, also can bring into play the function of portable electronic instrument because disaster etc. are difficult to replenish under the situation of battery.

As mentioned above, the support end root portion of the vibrating reed of piezoelectrics Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of the present invention by the piezoelectricity body being extended to cantilever beam structure can be taken out many electric energy, thereby can be provided conversion efficiency high Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) in 1 vibration.In addition, a plurality of piezoelectricity bodies are arranged on support end one side, so that the shape of vibrating reed becomes triangle or trapezoidal, the deformation energy that can effectively utilize the root portion that concentrates on vibrating reed generates electricity.In addition, can utilize longitudinal effect mechanical energy to be transformed to above-mentioned disclosed piezoelectrics Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of the present invention such as electric energy and can be very effectively the mechanical energy of vibrating reed savings be transformed to electric energy.Therefore, according to the present invention, can provide small-sized use conduct to carry the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of using the piezoelectrics that to realize.

In addition, in Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of the present invention, making the piezoelectricity body become lamination structure, can be that capacitance and electromotive force and charging system as one man are set at optimum value with the key property of Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT).In addition, carry under the state of usefulness in small-sized being suitable for can be optimum value with these property settings just to the size that does not change Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT).Therefore, according to the present invention, in fact can provide the use can be with the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of electric energy with the piezoelectrics of very high charge efficiency savings in capacitor etc.

In addition, in the present invention, also be conceived to the self damping that vibrates,, can reduce self damping, realize to the high Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of the conversion efficiency of transformation of electrical energy by vibrating reed is combined into tuning-fork type.And, rightabout displacement takes place by making the vibrating reed that is combined into tuning-fork type, can just leak few tuning fork mode vibration from the vibration initial stage, thereby can reduce the vibration loss of energy at initial stage with vibration, generate electricity with higher conversion efficiency.

Like this, according to the present invention, can realize being suitable for the high efficiency piezoelectrics Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of small-sized portable machine, use this piezoelectrics Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT), can realize having the portable electronic instrument of the multiple function that where can use reliably relievedly whenever.

Claims (20)

1. piezoelectrics Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT), it has and possesses free end that carries out free vibration and the vibrating reed of supporting this free-ended support end, and at least having of forming of a side of the above-mentioned support end of above-mentioned vibrating reed supporting layer is clipped in the middle and at least 2 piezoelectricity bodies of lamination and cover these piezoelectricity bodies at least topmost and the electrode of nethermost at least a portion can be from the Power Generation Section of these electrode output AC electricity, this piezoelectrics Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) is characterised in that: the ratio of the sectional area of the above-mentioned supporting layer of this Power Generation Section is less than about 60%.

2. by the described piezoelectrics Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of claim 1, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned 2 direct laminations of piezoelectricity body or above-mentioned electrode is clipped in the middle and lamination.

3. by the described piezoelectrics Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of claim 1, it is characterized in that: with the horizontal size of the above-mentioned piezoelectricity body of the direction of vibration quadrature of above-mentioned vibrating reed be that above-mentioned support holds a side wideer than above-mentioned free end one side.

4. by the described piezoelectrics Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of claim 1, it is characterized in that: support end one side of above-mentioned vibrating reed has the part that above-mentioned vibrating reed is fixed to the part on the fixed component and extends to above-mentioned free-ended direction from this fixing part, and above-mentioned piezoelectricity body is arranged on the part of said fixing and the part of extension at least.

5. by the described piezoelectrics Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of claim 4, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned electrode is arranged on the part of above-mentioned extension.

6. by the described piezoelectrics Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the polarised direction of the 1st and the 2nd piezoelectricity body of above-mentioned piezoelectricity body is opposite, the series connection of the 1st and the 2nd piezoelectricity body.

7. by the described piezoelectrics Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of claim 1, it is characterized in that: each above-mentioned piezoelectricity body has along a plurality of piezoelectric body layers of the direction lamination of polarization, these piezoelectric body layer parallel connections.

8. by the described piezoelectrics Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of claim 7, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned piezoelectricity body along with the direction of above-mentioned free end that connects above-mentioned vibrating reed and above-mentioned support end roughly the direction of quadrature polarize.

9. by the described piezoelectrics Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of claim 7, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned piezoelectricity body is roughly along polarizing with the above-mentioned free end that connects above-mentioned vibrating reed and the direction of above-mentioned support end.

10. by the described piezoelectrics Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the free-ended front end at above-mentioned vibrating reed is installed pendulum, and the bump that utilizes this pendulum to apply encourages above-mentioned free vibration.

11. piezoelectrics Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT), it is characterized in that: have and possess free end that carries out free vibration and 2 vibrating reeds supporting this free-ended support end, and, have at least 2 piezoelectricity bodies and hold a side with the above-mentioned at least support that can be arranged on each vibrating reed from the Power Generation Section of these electrode output AC electricity of the electrode of the top at least that covers this piezoelectricity body and nethermost at least a portion, above-mentioned 2 vibrating reeds are combined into the tuning-fork type of the above-mentioned support end of communication.

12. a portable power feedway is characterized in that: energy storage device with electric current of the described piezoelectrics Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of claim 1, the rectifying device that will carry out rectification and savings rectification from the alternating current of above-mentioned Power Generation Section output.

13. a portable electronic instrument is characterized in that: have the processing unit that electric power that the energy storage device and utilizing of the electric current of the described piezoelectrics Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of claim 1, the rectifying device that will carry out rectification from the alternating current of above-mentioned Power Generation Section output, savings rectification supplies with from this energy storage device is handled.

14. a portable power feedway is characterized in that: have the described piezoelectrics Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of claim 11, make combinations thereof become 2 vibrating reeds of tuning-fork type that the shake energy storage device of electric current of mechanism, the rectifying device that will carry out rectification from the alternating current of above-mentioned Power Generation Section output and savings rectification of adding of rightabout displacement takes place respectively.

15. by the described portable power feedway of claim 14, it is characterized in that: the above-mentioned mechanism of shaking that adds has with the bump portion of the direction bump of above-mentioned free-ended another vibrating reed of side direction of any a slices of above-mentioned 2 vibrating reeds with when the vibrating reed on above-mentioned one side is subjected to clashing into and the wall portion of an above-mentioned free-ended side collision of above-mentioned another vibrating reed, shakes by utilizing above-mentioned bump portion to become 2 vibrating reeds of tuning-fork type to be clipped in the middle to add combinations thereof with above-mentioned wall portion.

16. by the described portable power feedway of claim 15, it is characterized in that: the above-mentioned mechanism of shaking that adds has pendulum with the motion of oscillator shape, and above-mentioned bump portion utilizes the motion of this pendulum that a vibrating reed in the above-mentioned vibrating reed is clashed into.

17. by the described portable power feedway of claim 14, it is characterized in that: combinations thereof becomes 2 vibrating reeds of tuning-fork type to be supported to such an extent that their above-mentioned free end one side is moved with the oscillator shape, above-mentioned add the mechanism of shaking have with above-mentioned vibrating reed in the wall portion of free end one side collision of a vibrating reed, by 2 vibrating reeds that are combined into tuning-fork type are vibrated, the dawn makes the above-mentioned free end of the vibrating reed at least on one side of above-mentioned vibrating reed collide with above-mentioned wall portion and adds and shake.

18. by the described portable power feedway of claim 14, it is characterized in that: the above-mentioned mechanism of shaking that adds has from above-mentioned vibrating reed one side impaction communication combinations thereof and becomes the above-mentioned support of 2 vibrating reeds of tuning-fork type to hold the bump portion of substantial middle portion of the member of a side, becomes 2 vibrating reeds of tuning-fork type to add by by this bump portion the member of above-mentioned communication being clashed into to combinations thereof and shakes.

19. by the described portable power feedway of claim 14, it is characterized in that: the above-mentioned mechanism of shaking that adds has and adds the member that shakes, this adds the member that shakes and has part 1 and the part 2 between the above-mentioned free end of above-mentioned 2 vibrating reeds that the combinations thereof of making becomes the interval of above-mentioned free end one side of 2 vibrating reeds of tuning-fork type to increase, and shakes by adding between above-mentioned free end one side that above-mentioned part 1 and above-mentioned part 2 alternately is inserted into above-mentioned 2 vibrating reeds.

20. portable electronic instrument is characterized in that: have the described piezoelectrics Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of claim 11, make combinations thereof become 2 vibrating reeds of tuning-fork type take place adding of rightabout displacement shake mechanism, the alternating current from the output of above-mentioned Power Generation Section carried out the processing unit that electric power that the energy storage device and utilizing of electric current of rectifying device, the savings rectification of rectification supplies with from this energy storage device is handled.

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