CN113718102B - Electric furnace ash ball making process - Google Patents
Electric furnace ash ball making process Download PDFInfo
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- CN113718102B CN113718102B CN202111055217.9A CN202111055217A CN113718102B CN 113718102 B CN113718102 B CN 113718102B CN 202111055217 A CN202111055217 A CN 202111055217A CN 113718102 B CN113718102 B CN 113718102B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/2406—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating pelletizing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C2200/00—Recycling of waste material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electric furnace ash ball making process, which comprises the following steps: (1) Adding electric furnace ash into OG mud, and uniformly mixing to obtain mixed slurry; (2) digesting the mixed slurry for more than 12 hours; (3) Carrying out filter pressing dehydration on the digested mixed slurry to obtain filter pressing slurry, and then placing the filter pressing slurry in a material trapping field to trap materials to obtain blanks; (4) And uniformly mixing the blank with a binder, a low-calcium dry-based raw material and water to obtain a mixed material, and then pelletizing the mixed material to obtain pellets. According to the invention, the electric furnace ash and the OG mud are fully digested after being mixed, so that the plasticity of the pellets is enhanced, the pelletizing rate and the strength of the pellets are improved, the pulverization rate is reduced, and the efficiency of a rotary hearth furnace reduction process is further ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of metallurgical environmental protection, and particularly relates to an electric furnace ash ball making process.
Background
The total amount of dust in iron and steel enterprises in China is generally 8-12% of the steel yield, the yield is huge, and along with the increase of environmental protection force of large steel plants, the utilization of solid waste resources is promoted greatly, namely valuable metals are recovered, and the solid waste is realized without leaving the field.
The electric furnace ash is dust collected in the electric furnace steelmaking process, wherein the zinc content is about 8-10%, and the electric furnace ash belongs to dangerous solid waste, and once discharged, the electric furnace ash threatens the natural environment and even human bodies; but the zinc-containing material is higher and cannot be directly recycled to blast furnace ironmaking to realize cyclic treatment. In the prior art, a rotary hearth furnace reduction process is generally adopted to treat zinc-containing metallurgical dust, and mainly the zinc-containing metallurgical dust is treated through a direct reduction process, and the refined sponge iron is returned to a blast furnace for iron making and zinc powder recovery, so that harmless treatment of metallurgical solid waste is realized. However, as the content of the calcium oxide in the electric furnace ash is generally higher, the content of the calcium oxide in the electric furnace ash reaches 8-9wt percent, and if the digestion of the calcium oxide in the electric furnace ash is incomplete, the quality of the pellets can be affected; therefore, in order to reduce the pulverization rate of the pellets, electric furnace ash digestion is an important process.
The OG mud is wet dedusting mud in the converter steelmaking process, has high water content of 70-80%, low active calcium oxide content and high clay plasticity. In order to comprehensively utilize the electric furnace ash and OG mud, the technology adopted at present for a certain rotary hearth furnace production base is shown in fig. 1, and the specific flow is as follows: 1) Carrying out filter pressing dehydration on the OG slurry, wherein the water content of the OG slurry after filter pressing is 30-33%; 2) Mixing the electric furnace ash and the OG mud subjected to pressure filtration in a mass ratio of 3:2 to obtain a mixed material with a water content of about 10-13%, and adding water into the mixed material for digestion, wherein the digestion time is not more than 30 minutes, and the water content of the mixed material after water addition is about 25-30%; 3) Drying the digested mixture, wherein the water content of the dried mixture is about 1-3%, and delivering the dried mixture into a buffering bin for storage; 4) The dried mixture is evenly mixed with other dry-base raw materials, binder (4%) and proper amount of water (ensuring the total water content of the pellets to be 13-15%); 5) And (5) delivering the mixture into a ball making machine to make balls. The process has the following defects: 1) The water content of the mixture of the electric furnace ash and the filter-pressed OG mud is low (about 10-13%), the digestion time is insufficient, the digestion reaction of the electric furnace ash cannot be fully carried out, and finally, the balling property of the pellets is poor and the pulverization rate is high; 2) The OG slurry has low active calcium oxide content, but under the high temperature condition in the drying process, calcium hydroxide is dehydrated to generate active calcium oxide again, so that the content of the active calcium oxide in the mixture is increased; 3) The OG mud after press filtration has good plasticity, is beneficial to balling, reduces the plasticity after drying and losing moisture, and needs to add more binders when the raw materials are proportioned, so that the production cost is high; 4) The operation flow of filter pressing dehydration, drying and water adding is adopted, so that energy waste is caused, and the operation cost is high. Therefore, the electric furnace ash rich in calcium oxide needs to be fully digested, and high-quality pellets can be extruded by the plastic process, so that the efficiency of the rotary hearth furnace reduction process is ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an electric furnace ash ball-making process, which is used for fully resolving the electric furnace ash and OG mud after mixing, eliminating the drying process of the OG mud, and facilitating the enhancement of pellet plasticity, thereby improving the pellet balling rate and the pellet strength, reducing the pulverization rate and further ensuring the efficiency of a rotary hearth furnace reduction process.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides an electric furnace ash ball making process, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Feeding: adding electric furnace ash into OG mud, and uniformly mixing to obtain mixed slurry;
(2) Digestion: digesting the mixed slurry for more than 12 hours;
(3) Press filtration and material trapping: carrying out filter pressing dehydration on the digested mixed slurry to obtain filter pressing slurry, and then placing the filter pressing slurry in a material trapping field to trap materials to obtain a blank;
(4) Mixing and ball making: and uniformly mixing the blank with the low-calcium dry-base raw material, water and a binder to obtain a mixed material, and then pelletizing the mixed material to obtain pellets.
Preferably, in the step (1), the water content of the OG mud is 70-80%; the water content of the mixed slurry is 60-70%.
Preferably, in the step (2), the mixed slurry is digested in a digestion tank for preventing leakage.
Preferably, in the step (3), the water content of the filter-pressing mud is 30-33%.
Preferably, in the step (3), the trapping time is more than or equal to 24 hours.
Preferably, in the step (3), the trapping site is a leakage-proof trapping site.
Preferably, in the step (4), the mass of the binder is 1 to 3wt.% of the mass of the blank.
Preferably, in the step (4), the moisture content of the pellets is 13 to 15%.
Preferably, in the step (4), the mass of the low-calcium dry-based raw material is 22-28 wt.% of the mass of the blank, and the low-calcium dry-based raw material adopts blast furnace secondary ash.
The process for preparing the balls by using the electric furnace dust provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the electric furnace ash pelletization process, the digestion time and the water content (the water content in the digestion process is increased from 25-30% to 60-70% from less than 30 minutes to more than 12 hours) are controlled, and the electric furnace ash and the OG mud are fully digested after being mixed, so that the pellet plasticity is enhanced, the pellet pelletization rate and the pellet strength are improved, the pulverization rate is reduced, and the efficiency of a rotary hearth furnace reduction process is further ensured;
2. the electric furnace ash ball-making process provided by the invention omits the drying process of the OG mud, avoids the generation of active calcium oxide by calcium hydroxide in the OG mud under the high-temperature condition, saves energy and protects the environment, simultaneously plays the plasticity of the OG mud to the greatest extent, is beneficial to reducing the consumption of binder and energy consumption, and further controls the cost.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, given with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a process for producing a basic electric furnace dust ball by a rotary hearth furnace;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the electric furnace dust pelletizing process provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the above technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to examples.
Referring to fig. 2, the process for preparing the balls by using the electric furnace dust provided by the invention comprises the following steps of feeding, digestion, press filtration, trapping, mixing, ball preparation and the like:
(1) Feeding: adding electric furnace ash into OG mud, and uniformly mixing to obtain mixed slurry;
the specific process is as follows: firstly, adding electric furnace ash into OG mud, and uniformly mixing to obtain mixed slurry, wherein the electric furnace ash is dust collected in the electric furnace steelmaking process and comprises primary dust and secondary dust, the zinc content of the electric furnace ash is about 8-10wt% and the calcium oxide content is 8-9wt%; the water content of OG mud is 70-80%, and the mixed mud with the water content reduced to 60-70% is obtained after the OG mud and the OG mud are uniformly mixed.
(2) Digestion: digesting the mixed slurry for more than 12 hours;
the specific process is as follows: and transferring the mixed slurry to a digestion tank for digestion, and controlling the mixed slurry to digest for more than 12 hours in order to ensure complete digestion reaction, wherein the digestion tank needs to adopt an anti-leakage digestion tank (namely the digestion tank needs to be designed for anti-leakage) because the electric furnace ash contains harmful heavy metals such as zinc and the like.
(3) Press filtration and material trapping: carrying out filter pressing dehydration on the digested mixed slurry to obtain filter pressing slurry, and then placing the filter pressing slurry in a material trapping field to trap materials to obtain a blank;
the specific process is as follows: carrying out filter pressing dehydration on the completely digested mixed slurry to obtain filter pressing slurry with the water content of about 30-33%, transferring the filter pressing slurry into a trapping material field, and obtaining a blank after the trapping material time is more than or equal to 24 hours; the digestion reaction can also continuously occur in the process, so that the complete digestion can be further ensured; the electric furnace ash contains harmful heavy metals such as zinc, so that the trapping yard is also required to adopt a leakage-proof trapping yard (namely, the trapping yard is required to be designed in a leakage-proof way).
(4) Mixing and ball making: and uniformly mixing the blank with the low-calcium dry-base raw material, water and a binder to obtain a mixed material, and then pelletizing the mixed material to obtain pellets.
The specific process is as follows: uniformly mixing the blank, the binder, the low-calcium dry-base raw material, water, the binder and other raw materials according to the process proportion to obtain a mixed material, and then sending the mixed material into a twin-roll ball press to obtain pellets; wherein the mass of the binder accounts for 1-3 wt.% of the mass of the blank, the mass of the low-calcium dry-based raw material is 22-28 wt.% of the mass of the blank, and in a further preferred scheme, the mass of the low-calcium dry-based raw material is 25wt.% of the mass of the blank, and the low-calcium dry-based raw material adopts blast furnace secondary ash. The water content of the finally prepared pellets is 13-15%, the falling strength of the pellets is more than or equal to 5.0 times/0.5 m, the balling rate is more than or equal to 73.0%, and in a further preferred scheme, the falling strength of the pellets is 5.0-6.5 times/0.5 m.
The process of the invention for producing the electric furnace dust into balls is further described below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The process for preparing the balls by using the electric furnace dust in the embodiment is as follows:
(1) Adding furnace dust into OG mud with the water content of 70%, and uniformly mixing to obtain mixed mud with the water content of 60%;
(2) Transferring the mixed slurry to a digestion tank for digestion for more than 12 hours, so as to ensure complete digestion reaction;
(3) Carrying out filter pressing dehydration on the completely digested mixed slurry, wherein the water content of the dehydrated filter pressing slurry is about 30%; then placing the filter pressing slurry in a trapping yard, and trapping the slurry for 24 hours to obtain a blank, wherein digestion reaction can continuously occur in the trapping process, so that complete digestion is further ensured;
(4) Fully mixing the blank, low-calcium dry-base raw materials, water and a binder according to a process ratio to obtain a mixed material, wherein the binder accounts for 3wt.% of the blank, and the low-calcium dry-base raw materials account for 25wt.% of the blank content; then the mixed raw materials are sent into a twin-roll pelletizing machine to be pelletized, wherein the moisture content of the pellets is 13-15%;
the falling strength of the pellets prepared in this example was 6.2 times/0.5 m, and the balling rate was 85%.
Example 2
The process for preparing the balls by using the electric furnace dust in the embodiment is as follows:
(1) Adding furnace dust into OG mud with the water content of 75%, and uniformly mixing to obtain mixed mud with the water content of 64%;
(2) Transferring the mixed slurry to a digestion tank for digestion for more than 12 hours, so as to ensure complete digestion reaction;
(3) Carrying out filter pressing dehydration on the completely digested mixed slurry, wherein the water content of the dehydrated filter pressing slurry is about 33%; then placing the filter pressing slurry in a trapping yard, and trapping the slurry for 26 hours to obtain a blank, wherein digestion reaction can continuously occur in the trapping process, so that complete digestion is further ensured;
(4) Fully mixing the blank, low-calcium dry-base raw materials, water and a binder according to a process ratio to obtain a mixed material, wherein the binder accounts for 2.5wt.% of the blank, and the low-calcium dry-base raw materials account for 25wt.% of the blank content; then the mixed raw materials are sent into a twin-roll pelletizing machine to be pelletized, wherein the moisture content of the pellets is 13-15%;
the falling strength of the pellets prepared in this example was 5 times/0.5 m, and the pellet forming rate was 73%.
Example 3
The process for preparing the balls by using the electric furnace dust in the embodiment is as follows:
(1) Adding furnace dust into OG mud with the water content of 80%, and uniformly mixing to obtain mixed mud with the water content of 70%;
(2) Transferring the mixed slurry to a digestion tank for digestion for more than 12 hours, so as to ensure complete digestion reaction;
(3) Carrying out filter pressing dehydration on the completely digested mixed slurry, wherein the water content of the dehydrated filter pressing slurry is about 30%; then placing the filter pressing slurry in a trapping yard, and trapping the slurry for 27 hours to obtain a blank, wherein digestion reaction can continuously occur in the trapping process, so that complete digestion is further ensured;
(4) Fully mixing the blank, low-calcium dry-base raw materials, water and a binder according to a process ratio to obtain a mixed material, wherein the binder accounts for 3wt.% of the blank, and the low-calcium dry-base raw materials account for 25wt.% of the blank content; then the mixed raw materials are sent into a twin-roll pelletizing machine to be pelletized, wherein the moisture content of the pellets is 13-15%;
the falling strength of the pellets prepared in this example was 6.0 times/0.5 m, and the balling rate was 81%.
Comparative example
The process for producing the base furnace dust ball by adopting a rotary hearth furnace shown in fig. 1 comprises the following steps: 1) Carrying out filter pressing dehydration on the OG slurry, wherein the water content of the OG slurry after filter pressing is 30-33%; 2) Mixing the electric furnace ash and the OG mud subjected to pressure filtration in a mass ratio of 3:2 to obtain a mixed material with a water content of about 10-13%, and adding water into the mixed material for digestion, wherein the digestion time is not more than 30 minutes, and the water content of the mixed material after water addition is about 25-30%; 3) Drying the digested mixture, wherein the water content of the dried mixture is about 1-3%, and delivering the dried mixture into a buffering bin for storage; 4) The dried mixture is evenly mixed with other dry-base raw materials, binder (4%) and proper amount of water (ensuring the total water content of the pellets to be 13-15%); 5) And (5) delivering the mixture into a ball making machine to make balls.
The drop strength of the pellets prepared in this comparative example was 4.1 times/0.5 m and the balling rate was 68% as measured.
In summary, according to the electric furnace ash pelletization process disclosed by the invention, the digestion time and the water content (the water content in the digestion process is increased from 25-30% to 60-70% from less than 30 minutes to more than 12 hours) are controlled, so that the electric furnace ash and OG mud are fully digested after being mixed, the pellet plasticity is enhanced, the pellet pelletization rate and the pellet strength are improved, the pulverization rate is reduced, and the efficiency of the rotary hearth furnace reduction process is further ensured. The electric furnace ash ball-making process provided by the invention omits the drying process of the OG mud, avoids the generation of active calcium oxide by calcium hydroxide in the OG mud under the high-temperature condition, also exerts the plasticity of the OG mud to the greatest extent, is beneficial to reducing the using amount and the energy consumption of the binder, and further controls the cost.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the above embodiments are provided for illustration only and not for limitation of the invention, and that variations and modifications of the above described embodiments are intended to fall within the scope of the claims of the invention as long as they fall within the true spirit of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. The electric furnace ash ball making process is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Feeding: adding electric furnace ash into OG mud, and uniformly mixing to obtain mixed slurry;
(2) Digestion: digesting the mixed slurry for more than 12 hours;
(3) Press filtration and material trapping: carrying out filter pressing dehydration on the digested mixed slurry to obtain filter pressing slurry, and then placing the filter pressing slurry in a material trapping field to trap materials to obtain a blank;
(4) Mixing and ball making: uniformly mixing the blank with low-calcium dry-base raw materials, water and a binder to obtain a mixed material, pressing the mixed material into balls to obtain the pellets,
in the step (1), the water content of the OG mud is 70-80%; the water content of the mixed slurry is 60-70%, the zinc content of the electric furnace ash is 8-10 wt%, the calcium oxide content is 8-9wt%,
in the step (2), the mixed slurry is digested in an anti-seepage digestion tank,
in the step (3), the water content of the filter-pressing mud is 30-33%, the trapping time is more than or equal to 24 hours, the trapping yard is an anti-leakage trapping yard,
in the step (4), the water content of the pellets is 13-15%, the falling strength of the pellets is more than or equal to 5.0 times/0.5 m, and the balling rate is more than or equal to 73.0%.
2. The process for producing balls from electric furnace dust according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the mass of the binder is 1 to 3 wt% of the mass of the blank.
3. The process for producing balls from electric furnace dust according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the mass of the low-calcium dry-base raw material is 22-28 wt.% of the mass of the blank, and the low-calcium dry-base raw material is a high-secondary dust furnace.
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| CN202111055217.9A CN113718102B (en) | 2021-09-09 | 2021-09-09 | Electric furnace ash ball making process |
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| CN202111055217.9A CN113718102B (en) | 2021-09-09 | 2021-09-09 | Electric furnace ash ball making process |
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| CN113718102B true CN113718102B (en) | 2023-05-19 |
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| JP4112827B2 (en) * | 2001-08-15 | 2008-07-02 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Method for treating Cr-containing sludge |
| CN110317949B (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2021-06-08 | 中南大学 | Preparation method of zinc-containing dust pellets |
| CN111961868A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2020-11-20 | 阳春新钢铁有限责任公司 | Digestion preparation method of converter waste sludge |
| CN112174470B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2023-05-23 | 宝钢湛江钢铁有限公司 | Treatment method of cold rolling oily sludge |
| CN113337707A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-09-03 | 阳春新钢铁有限责任公司 | Method for preparing cold-pressed balls for iron-making blast furnace and improving utilization rate of waste |
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