CN113717459B - Thermal insulation material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Thermal insulation material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113717459B CN113717459B CN202111079434.1A CN202111079434A CN113717459B CN 113717459 B CN113717459 B CN 113717459B CN 202111079434 A CN202111079434 A CN 202111079434A CN 113717459 B CN113717459 B CN 113717459B
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/06—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
- C08J9/10—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent developing nitrogen, the blowing agent being a compound containing a nitrogen-to-nitrogen bond
- C08J9/102—Azo-compounds
- C08J9/103—Azodicarbonamide
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- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
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- C08J9/009—Use of pretreated compounding ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0095—Mixtures of at least two compounding ingredients belonging to different one-dot groups
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- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/04—N2 releasing, ex azodicarbonamide or nitroso compound
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2323/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08J2323/08—Copolymers of ethene
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- C08J2411/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of chloroprene
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- C08J2427/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2427/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08J2427/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C08J2427/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of heat preservation materials, and particularly discloses a heat preservation material and a preparation method thereof. The heat insulation material comprises the following components in parts by weight: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer: 29-30 parts of neoprene: 19.3 to 21.5 portions of azodicarbonamide: 8.5 to 9.3 portions of dicumyl peroxide: 0.3 to 0.4 part of urea resin: 0.2 to 0.3 part; calcium carbonate: 1.8 to 2.1 parts of aerogel oxide: 2.1 to 2.5 portions of polyvinyl chloride: 13 to 14.3 portions. According to the application, the azodicarbonamide and the urea resin are used for synergistic effect, so that the foaming temperature of the chloroprene rubber and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is reduced, the foaming is easier, the foaming rate is improved, the problem that the temperature is prevented from being conducted in the polymer due to the addition of aerogel is solved, and the heat preservation performance is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of heat preservation materials, in particular to a heat preservation material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Along with the rapid development of industry, the economic development is quite rapid, the worldwide demand for energy is also increasing, and in the increasing total energy consumption, the building energy consumption is particularly large, and the main mode for reducing the building energy consumption to realize energy conservation and emission reduction is to construct a building wall heat insulation material. Most of the existing heat preservation and insulation materials are foaming materials, bubbles and holes are introduced into the high-molecular polymer by introducing foaming agents or pore-forming agents or other modes, and the heat insulation effect is improved by reducing the overall heat conductivity of the materials. However, the thermal conductivity of the high molecular polymer is constant and larger, and the porosity (the proportion of bubbles to the total volume) of the existing foaming material is difficult to reduce and break through under the prior art.
The aerogel composite material is a novel heat insulation material which is raised in recent years, has the normal temperature heat conductivity coefficient less than or equal to 0.023 w/(m.k), has obvious advantages compared with the traditional heat insulation material, has better heat insulation effect, and is widely used in the fields of aerospace, military industry, metallurgy, petrochemical industry, energy-saving building, solar energy comprehensive utilization and the like. At present, aerogels are used in foaming materials, and the prepared materials have two very serious defects although having very good heat insulation performance: firstly, aerogel is used as a porous material with high porosity, and has very poor mechanical properties, and is broken into a plurality of fragments or even powder under the action of weak tension, pressure and shearing force, so that the fragments or even powder are not fused with other polymers, and the binding force with a base material is very weak, thereby weakening the heat insulation property and the mechanical property of the composite material; secondly, the aerogel has low heat conductivity coefficient, so that heat transfer is blocked, and the temperature is difficult to raise in the foaming process, so that normal foaming cannot be performed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the application provides a thermal insulation material and a preparation method thereof, which not only have excellent thermal insulation function, but also ensure that aerogel and polymer are uniformly mixed, and the thermal insulation material foaming is smoothly carried out.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the application adopts the following technical scheme:
the heat insulation material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 29-30 parts of neoprene: 19.3 to 21.5 portions of azodicarbonamide: 8.5 to 9.3 portions of dicumyl peroxide: 0.4 to 0.5 part of urea resin: 0.18 to 0.2 part; calcium carbonate: 1.8 to 2.1 parts of aerogel oxide: 0.85 to 0.99 portion of polyvinyl chloride: 13 to 14.3 portions.
Compared with the prior art, the heat insulation material provided by the application has the following advantages:
according to the application, the azodicarbonamide and the urea resin are used for synergistic effect, so that the foaming temperature of the chloroprene rubber and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is reduced, the foaming is easier, the foaming rate is improved, and the problem that the temperature is prevented from being conducted in the polymer due to the addition of aerogel is solved; meanwhile, calcium carbonate is added, so that the problem that aerogel oxide is fragile in the mixing process with a polymer is avoided, the aerogel oxide and the polymer are uniformly mixed, the heat insulation performance of the heat insulation material is improved, and the polyvinyl chloride is added, so that the heat insulation material is ensured to have the flame retardant performance improved while the heat insulation effect is not reduced, and the application field and the application range of the heat insulation material are enlarged.
Preferably, the aerogel oxide is SiO 2 Aerogel, zrO 2 Aerogel or Al 2 O 3 An aerogel.
Preferably, the fineness of the calcium carbonate is 1200-1500 μm.
The preferable fineness of the calcium carbonate can load the aerogel on the calcium carbonate, so that a powerful guarantee is provided for mixing the aerogel and the polymer.
Further, the application also provides a preparation method of the heat insulation material, which at least comprises the following steps:
firstly, weighing the components according to the raw material proportion;
step two, uniformly mixing calcium carbonate and aerogel oxide to obtain a first mixture;
step three, mixing the first mixture with other residual components to carry out first banburying to obtain a mixed body;
and step four, extruding the mixed body, foaming for the first time, foaming for the second time and curing to obtain the heat insulation material.
Compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the heat insulation material provided by the application has the following advantages:
according to the application, firstly, aerogel oxide is loaded on calcium carbonate, a foundation is provided for mixing the aerogel oxide and a polymer, and then, each component is fully mixed by banburying, so that the thermal insulation material with excellent thermal insulation performance is prepared.
The preparation method provided by the application is simple, does not generate a large amount of dust pollution in the production process, and is favorable for industrialized popularization.
Preferably, in the second step, the conditions for uniform mixing are: the rotating speed is 1400 rpm-1600 rpm, and the time is 10 min-15 min.
The preferable rotating speed ensures that the calcium carbonate is adsorbed and coated with aerogel oxide molecules, so that the aerogel oxide and the polymer are uniformly mixed in the banburying process, and the aerogel oxide molecules cannot be broken in the loading process.
Preferably, the third step is specifically: and banburying the first mixture, polyvinyl chloride, chloroprene rubber, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, dicumyl peroxide and urea at 100-110 ℃ for 12-17 min, and then adding azodicarbonamide for banburying for 4-7 min to obtain a mixed body.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the extrusion conditions are as follows: the temperature is 95-105 ℃ and the time is 4-6 min.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the conditions of the primary foaming are: the temperature is 110-120 ℃ and the time is 60-70 min.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the secondary foaming condition is: the temperature is 130-140 ℃ and the time is 35-45 min.
The preferable low-temperature foaming condition ensures that gas generated in the chloroprene rubber and the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is expanded, so that the heat insulation performance of the chloroprene rubber and the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is improved.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the curing conditions are: the temperature is 20-30 ℃ and the time is 5-7 days.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
Example 1
The embodiment of the application provides a heat insulation material, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer: 30 parts of neoprene: 21.5 parts of azodicarbonamide: 8.5 parts of dicumyl peroxide: 0.45 parts of urea resin: 0.18 parts; calcium carbonate: 1.8 parts of SiO 2 Aerogel: 0.99 parts of polyvinyl chloride: 13 parts.
The preparation method of the heat preservation material comprises the following steps:
firstly, weighing the components according to the raw material proportion;
stirring the calcium carbonate and the aerogel for 15min at 1500rpm, and uniformly mixing to obtain a first mixture;
step three, banburying the first mixture, polyvinyl chloride, chloroprene rubber, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, dicumyl peroxide and urea at 100 ℃ for 17min, and then adding azodicarbonamide for banburying for 5min to obtain a mixed body;
extruding the mixed body, performing primary foaming, secondary foaming and curing at 25 ℃ for 5 days to obtain the heat insulation material, wherein the extruding conditions are as follows: 95 ℃/5min, the primary foaming condition is 110 ℃/60min, and the secondary foaming condition is 130 ℃/40min.
Example 2
The embodiment of the application provides a heat insulation material, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer: 29 parts of neoprene: 20 parts of azodicarbonamide: 9 parts of dicumyl peroxide: 0.4 parts of urea resin: 0.2 parts; calcium carbonate: 2.1 parts of ZrO 2 Aerogel: 0.85 parts of polyvinyl chloride: 14 parts.
The preparation method of the heat preservation material at least comprises the following steps:
firstly, weighing the components according to the raw material proportion;
stirring the calcium carbonate and the aerogel for 10min under the condition of 1400rpm, and uniformly mixing to obtain a first mixture;
step three, banburying the first mixture, polyvinyl chloride, chloroprene rubber, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, dicumyl peroxide and urea at 110 ℃ for 12min, and then adding azodicarbonamide for banburying for 4min to obtain a mixed body;
extruding the mixed body, performing primary foaming, secondary foaming and curing at 30 ℃ for 6 days to obtain the heat insulation material, wherein the extruding conditions are as follows: 105 ℃/6min, the primary foaming condition is 120 ℃/65min, and the secondary foaming condition is 135 ℃/45min.
Example 3
The embodiment of the application provides a heat insulation material, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer: 29.5 parts of neoprene: 19.3 parts of azodicarbonamide: 9.3 parts of dicumyl peroxide: 0.5 part of urea resin: 0.19 parts; calcium carbonate: 2 parts of SiO 2 Aerogel: 0.9 parts of polyvinyl chloride: 14.3 parts.
The preparation method of the heat preservation material at least comprises the following steps:
firstly, weighing the components according to the raw material proportion;
stirring the calcium carbonate and the aerogel for 12min at 1600rpm, and uniformly mixing to obtain a first mixture;
step three, banburying the first mixture, polyvinyl chloride, chloroprene rubber, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, dicumyl peroxide and urea at 105 ℃ for 15min, and then adding azodicarbonamide for banburying for 6min to obtain a mixed body;
extruding the mixed body, performing primary foaming, secondary foaming and curing at 20 ℃ for 7 days to obtain the heat insulation material, wherein the extruding conditions are as follows: 100 ℃/4min, the primary foaming condition is 115 ℃/70min, and the secondary foaming condition is 140 ℃/35min.
Example 4
Embodiments of the applicationThe heat insulation material is provided, and the heat insulation board comprises the following components in parts by mass: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer: 30 parts of neoprene: 21 parts of azodicarbonamide: 8.8 parts of dicumyl peroxide: 0.4 parts of urea resin: 0.18 parts; calcium carbonate: 1.9 parts of Al 2 O 3 Aerogel: 0.95 parts of polyvinyl chloride: 13.5 parts.
The preparation method of the heat preservation material at least comprises the following steps:
firstly, weighing the components according to the raw material proportion;
stirring the calcium carbonate and the aerogel for 10min at 1500rpm, and uniformly mixing to obtain a first mixture;
step three, banburying the first mixture, polyvinyl chloride, chloroprene rubber, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, dicumyl peroxide and urea at 110 ℃ for 16min, and then adding azodicarbonamide for banburying for 5min to obtain a mixed body;
extruding the mixed body, performing primary foaming, secondary foaming and curing at 25 ℃ for 6 days to obtain the heat insulation material, wherein the extruding conditions are as follows: 105 ℃/5min, the primary foaming condition is 115 ℃/65min, and the secondary foaming condition is 135 ℃/35min.
Example 5
The proportion of the raw materials of each component of the heat insulation material is the same as that of the embodiment 1, and the heat insulation material is not repeated.
The preparation method of the heat preservation material comprises the following steps:
firstly, weighing the components according to the raw material proportion;
step two, banburying the calcium carbonate, aerogel, polyvinyl chloride, chloroprene rubber, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, dicumyl peroxide and urea at 100 ℃ for 17min, and then adding azodicarbonamide for banburying for 5min to obtain a mixed body;
extruding the mixed body, performing primary foaming, secondary foaming and curing at 25 ℃ for 5 days to obtain the heat insulation material, wherein the extruding conditions are as follows: 95 ℃/5min, the primary foaming condition is 110 ℃/60min, and the secondary foaming condition is 130 ℃/40min.
Example 6
The proportion of the raw materials of each component of the heat insulation material is the same as that of the embodiment 1, and the heat insulation material is not repeated.
The preparation method of the heat preservation material comprises the following steps:
firstly, weighing the components according to the raw material proportion;
stirring the calcium carbonate and the aerogel for 15min at 1500rpm, and uniformly mixing to obtain a first mixture;
step three, banburying the first mixture, polyvinyl chloride, chloroprene rubber, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, dicumyl peroxide and urea at 100 ℃ for 17min, and then adding azodicarbonamide for banburying for 5min to obtain a mixed body;
extruding the mixed body, performing primary foaming, secondary foaming and curing at 25 ℃ for 5 days to obtain the heat insulation material, wherein the extruding conditions are as follows: 95 ℃/5min, the primary foaming condition is 130 ℃/60min, and the secondary foaming condition is 150 ℃/40min.
Example 7
The proportion of the raw materials of each component of the heat insulation material is the same as that of the embodiment 1, and the heat insulation material is not repeated.
The preparation method of the heat preservation material comprises the following steps:
firstly, weighing the components according to the raw material proportion;
stirring the calcium carbonate and the aerogel for 15min at 1500rpm, and uniformly mixing to obtain a first mixture;
step three, banburying the first mixture, polyvinyl chloride, chloroprene rubber, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, dicumyl peroxide and urea at 100 ℃ for 17min, and then adding azodicarbonamide for banburying for 5min to obtain a mixed body;
extruding the mixed body, performing primary foaming, secondary foaming and curing at 25 ℃ for 5 days to obtain the heat insulation material, wherein the extruding conditions are as follows: 95 ℃/5min, the primary foaming condition is 100 ℃/60min, and the secondary foaming condition is 120 ℃/40min.
In order to better illustrate the characteristics of the thermal insulation materials provided in the embodiments of the present application, the thermal insulation materials prepared in the following examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were respectively prepared into thermal insulation boards with a thickness of 3mm for performance detection, and the detection results are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1
Note that:
thermal resistance: the ratio of the temperature difference across the sample to the heat flow per unit area passing vertically through the sample.
The definition of the heat preservation rate is as follows: the heat retention rate refers to the ratio of thermal energy to keep warm.
I.e.
Wherein: q: heat preservation rate,%;
rct: the thermal resistance of the test specimen is measured in square meters Kelvin per watt (m 2 ·K/W)；
Rct0 thermal resistance in square meter Kelvin per watt (m 2 ·K/W)。
As can be seen from Table 1, the heat insulation material prepared by the application has excellent heat insulation performance, and the heat transfer coefficient of the heat insulation material with the thickness of 3mm reaches 0.9956. In example 5, the aerogel was not supported on the calcium carbonate, and the heat transfer coefficient thereof was 1.724, thus demonstrating that the aerogel is supported on the calcium carbonate, which is beneficial to promoting the uniform mixing of the aerogel and the polymer, and further improving the heat insulation performance thereof.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the application is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the application.
Claims (8)
1. A thermal insulation material, characterized in that: comprises the following components in parts by weight: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer: 29-30 parts of neoprene: 19.3 to 21.5 portions of azodicarbonamide: 8.5 to 9.3 portions of dicumyl peroxide: 0.3 to 0.4 part of urea resin: 0.2 to 0.3 part; calcium carbonate: 1.8 to 2.1 parts of aerogel oxide: 2.1 to 2.5 portions of polyvinyl chloride: 13 to 14.3 portions;
when the thermal insulation material is prepared, calcium carbonate and aerogel oxide are uniformly mixed, and then are mixed with other residual components.
2. The insulation material of claim 1, wherein: the aerogel oxide is SiO 2 Aerogel, zrO 2 Aerogel or Al 2 O 3 An aerogel.
3. The insulation material of claim 1, wherein: the fineness of the calcium carbonate is 1200-1500 mu m.
4. A preparation method of a heat insulation material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method at least comprises the following steps:
step one, weighing the components according to the raw material proportion of any one of claims 1 to 3;
step two, uniformly mixing calcium carbonate and aerogel oxide to obtain a first mixture;
step three, mixing the first mixture with other residual components to carry out first banburying to obtain a mixed body;
step four, extruding the mixed body, foaming for the first time, foaming for the second time and curing to obtain the heat insulation material; wherein, the conditions of the primary foaming are as follows: the temperature is 110-120 ℃ and the time is 60-70 min; the conditions of the secondary foaming are as follows: the temperature is 130-140 ℃ and the time is 35-45 min.
5. The method for preparing the heat insulation material according to claim 4, wherein: in the second step, the conditions of uniform mixing are as follows: the rotating speed is 1400 rpm-1600 rpm, and the time is 10 min-15 min.
6. The method for preparing the heat insulation material according to claim 4, wherein: the third step is as follows: and banburying the first mixture, polyvinyl chloride, chloroprene rubber, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, dicumyl peroxide and urea at 100-110 ℃ for 12-17 min, and then adding azodicarbonamide for banburying for 4-7 min to obtain a mixed body.
7. The method for preparing the heat insulation material according to claim 4, wherein: in the fourth step, the extrusion conditions are as follows: the temperature is 95-105 ℃ and the time is 4-6 min.
8. The method for preparing the heat insulation material according to claim 4, wherein: in the fourth step, the curing conditions are as follows: the temperature is 20-30 ℃ and the time is 5-7 days.
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