CN113717459A - Thermal insulation material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Thermal insulation material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113717459A CN113717459A CN202111079434.1A CN202111079434A CN113717459A CN 113717459 A CN113717459 A CN 113717459A CN 202111079434 A CN202111079434 A CN 202111079434A CN 113717459 A CN113717459 A CN 113717459A
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/06—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
- C08J9/10—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent developing nitrogen, the blowing agent being a compound containing a nitrogen-to-nitrogen bond
- C08J9/102—Azo-compounds
- C08J9/103—Azodicarbonamide
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- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
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- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/009—Use of pretreated compounding ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0095—Mixtures of at least two compounding ingredients belonging to different one-dot groups
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- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/04—N2 releasing, ex azodicarbonamide or nitroso compound
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2323/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08J2323/08—Copolymers of ethene
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- C08J2411/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of chloroprene
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2427/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2427/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08J2427/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C08J2427/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of heat insulation materials, and particularly discloses a heat insulation material and a preparation method thereof. The heat insulation material comprises the following components in parts by weight: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer: 29-30 parts of chloroprene rubber: 19.3-21.5 parts of azodicarbonamide: 8.5-9.3 parts of dicumyl peroxide: 0.3-0.4 part of urea resin: 0.2-0.3 part; calcium carbonate: 1.8-2.1 parts of aerogel oxide: 2.1-2.5 parts and polyvinyl chloride: 13 to 14.3 portions. According to the invention, the synergistic effect of azodicarbonamide and urea resin is adopted, so that the foaming temperature of chloroprene rubber and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer can be reduced, the foaming is easier, the foaming rate is improved, and the problem that the temperature is blocked to conduct in the polymer due to the addition of aerogel is solved, thereby improving the thermal insulation performance of the chloroprene rubber and the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat insulation materials, in particular to a heat insulation material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Along with the rapid development of industry, the economic development is quite rapid, the worldwide demand for energy is more and more large, the building energy consumption is particularly large in the increasing total energy consumption, and the main mode of reducing the building energy consumption and realizing energy conservation and emission reduction is to construct a building wall heat-insulating material. Most of the existing heat-insulating materials are foaming materials, and bubbles and holes are introduced into high molecular polymers by introducing foaming agents or pore-forming agents or other modes, so that the heat-insulating effect is improved by reducing the overall heat conductivity of the materials. However, the thermal conductivity of the high molecular polymer is certain and relatively large, and the porosity (the proportion of bubbles in the total volume) of the existing foaming material is difficult to reduce and break through under the existing process technology.
Aerogel composite materials are novel heat-insulating materials which are popular in recent years, have the normal-temperature heat conductivity coefficient of less than or equal to 0.023 w/(m.k), have obvious advantages compared with the traditional heat-insulating materials, have better heat-insulating effect, and are widely used in the fields of aerospace, war industry, metallurgy, petrochemical industry, energy-saving buildings, comprehensive utilization of solar energy and the like. Currently, aerogels are used in foamed materials, which, although having very good thermal insulation properties, have two very serious drawbacks: firstly, aerogel is used as a high-porosity porous material, has very poor mechanical properties, is broken into a plurality of fragments or even powder under the action of weak tensile force, pressure and shearing force, is not fused with other polymers, and has weak bonding force with a base material, thereby weakening the heat-insulating property and the mechanical property of the composite material; secondly, the thermal conductivity coefficient of aerogel is low to the transmission of heat has been obstructed, thereby leads to the temperature rise difficulty in the foaming process, thereby leads to unable normal foaming.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a thermal insulation material and a preparation method thereof, which not only have an excellent thermal insulation function, but also ensure that the aerogel and the polymer are uniformly mixed, and the foaming of the thermal insulation material is smoothly performed.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the embodiment of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the heat insulation material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 29-30 parts of chloroprene rubber: 19.3-21.5 parts of azodicarbonamide: 8.5-9.3 parts of dicumyl peroxide: 0.4-0.5 parts of urea resin: 0.18-0.2 part; calcium carbonate: 1.8-2.1 parts of aerogel oxide: 0.85-0.99 parts of polyvinyl chloride: 13 to 14.3 portions.
Compared with the prior art, the thermal insulation material provided by the application has the following advantages:
according to the application, the azodicarbonamide and the urea resin are used for synergistic action, so that the foaming temperature of chloroprene rubber and an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer can be reduced, the foaming is easier, the foaming rate is improved, and the problem that the temperature is blocked to be conducted in a polymer due to the addition of aerogel is solved; meanwhile, calcium carbonate is added, the problem that the aerogel oxide is fragile in the mixing process with the polymer is avoided, the aerogel oxide and the polymer are uniformly mixed, the heat insulation performance of the heat insulation material is improved, polyvinyl chloride is added, the flame retardant performance of the heat insulation material is improved while the heat insulation effect of the heat insulation material is not reduced, and the application field and the application range of the heat insulation material are expanded.
Preferably, the aerogel oxide is SiO2Aerogel, ZrO2Aerogel or Al2O3An aerogel.
Preferably, the fineness of the calcium carbonate is 1200-1500 μm.
The fineness of the optimized calcium carbonate can load the aerogel on the calcium carbonate, and powerful guarantee is provided for the mixing of the aerogel and the polymer.
Further, the application also provides a preparation method of the heat insulation material, and the preparation method at least comprises the following steps:
step one, weighing the components according to the raw material ratio;
step two, uniformly mixing calcium carbonate and aerogel oxide to obtain a first mixture;
mixing the first mixture with other residual components for first banburying to obtain a mixed body;
and step four, extruding, primary foaming, secondary foaming and curing the mixed body to obtain the heat-insulating material.
Compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the heat insulation material provided by the application has the following advantages:
according to the application, the aerogel oxide is loaded on the calcium carbonate at first, a foundation is provided for mixing of the aerogel oxide and the polymer, then the components are fully mixed by banburying, and the thermal insulation material with excellent thermal insulation performance is prepared.
The preparation method provided by the application is simple, does not produce a large amount of dust pollution in the production process, and is beneficial to industrial popularization.
Preferably, in the second step, the mixing conditions are as follows: the rotating speed is 1400 rpm-1600 rpm, and the time is 10 min-15 min.
The preferred rotational speed guarantees that calcium carbonate adsorbs parcel aerogel oxide molecule to guarantee that aerogel oxide and polymer misce bene in banburying process, and can not cause aerogel oxide molecule can not break at the load in-process.
Preferably, the third step is specifically: and banburying the first mixture, polyvinyl chloride, chloroprene rubber, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, dicumyl peroxide and urea resin at 100-110 ℃ for 12-17 min, and then adding azodicarbonamide for banburying for 4-7 min to obtain a mixed body.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the extrusion conditions are as follows: the temperature is 95-105 ℃, and the time is 4-6 min.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the conditions of the primary foaming are as follows: the temperature is 110-120 ℃, and the time is 60-70 min.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the conditions of the secondary foaming are as follows: the temperature is 130-140 ℃ and the time is 35-45 min.
The preferable low-temperature foaming condition ensures that gases generated inside the chloroprene rubber and the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer expand, thereby improving the heat preservation performance of the chloroprene rubber and the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the curing conditions are as follows: the temperature is 20-30 ℃ and the time is 5-7 days.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention provides a heat insulation material which comprises the following components in parts by weight: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer: 30 parts, chloroprene rubber: 21.5 parts, azodicarbonamide: 8.5 parts, dicumyl peroxide: 0.45 part, urea resin: 0.18 part; calcium carbonate: 1.8 parts of SiO2Aerogel: 0.99 part, polyvinyl chloride: 13 parts.
The preparation method of the heat insulation material comprises the following steps:
step one, weighing the components according to the raw material ratio;
step two, stirring the calcium carbonate and the aerogel for 15min at 1500rpm, and uniformly mixing to obtain a first mixture;
thirdly, banburying the first mixture, polyvinyl chloride, chloroprene rubber, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, dicumyl peroxide and urea resin at 100 ℃ for 17min, and then adding azodicarbonamide for banburying for 5min to obtain a mixed body;
extruding the mixed body, performing primary foaming, performing secondary foaming, and curing for 5 days at 25 ℃ to obtain the heat-insulating material, wherein the extrusion conditions are as follows: 95 ℃/5min, the condition of primary foaming is 110 ℃/60min, and the condition of secondary foaming is 130 ℃/40 min.
Example 2
The inventionThe embodiment provides a heat insulation material, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer: 29 parts, chloroprene rubber: 20 parts, azodicarbonamide: 9 parts, dicumyl peroxide: 0.4 part, urea resin: 0.2 part; calcium carbonate: 2.1 parts of ZrO2Aerogel: 0.85 part, polyvinyl chloride: 14 parts of (A).
The preparation method of the heat insulation material at least comprises the following steps:
step one, weighing the components according to the raw material ratio;
step two, stirring the calcium carbonate and the aerogel for 10min at 1400rpm, and uniformly mixing to obtain a first mixture;
thirdly, banburying the first mixture, polyvinyl chloride, chloroprene rubber, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, dicumyl peroxide and urea resin at 110 ℃ for 12min, and then adding azodicarbonamide for banburying for 4min to obtain a mixed body;
extruding the mixed body, performing primary foaming, performing secondary foaming, and curing for 6 days at the temperature of 30 ℃ to obtain the heat-insulating material, wherein the extrusion conditions are as follows: 105 ℃/6min, the condition of primary foaming is 120 ℃/65min, and the condition of secondary foaming is 135 ℃/45 min.
Example 3
The embodiment of the invention provides a heat insulation material which comprises the following components in parts by weight: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer: 29.5 parts, chloroprene rubber: 19.3 parts, azodicarbonamide: 9.3 parts, dicumyl peroxide: 0.5 part, urea resin: 0.19 part; calcium carbonate: 2 parts of SiO2Aerogel: 0.9 part, polyvinyl chloride: 14.3 parts.
The preparation method of the heat insulation material at least comprises the following steps:
step one, weighing the components according to the raw material ratio;
step two, stirring the calcium carbonate and the aerogel for 12min at 1600rpm, and uniformly mixing to obtain a first mixture;
thirdly, banburying the first mixture, polyvinyl chloride, chloroprene rubber, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, dicumyl peroxide and urea resin at 105 ℃ for 15min, and then adding azodicarbonamide for banburying for 6min to obtain a mixed body;
extruding the mixed body, performing primary foaming, performing secondary foaming, and curing for 7 days at the temperature of 20 ℃ to obtain the heat-insulating material, wherein the extrusion conditions are as follows: 100 ℃/4min, the condition of primary foaming is 115 ℃/70min, and the condition of secondary foaming is 140 ℃/35 min.
Example 4
The embodiment of the invention provides a heat insulation material which comprises the following components in parts by weight: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer: 30 parts, chloroprene rubber: 21 parts, azodicarbonamide: 8.8 parts, dicumyl peroxide: 0.4 part, urea resin: 0.18 part; calcium carbonate: 1.9 parts of Al2O3Aerogel: 0.95 part, polyvinyl chloride: 13.5 parts.
The preparation method of the heat insulation material at least comprises the following steps:
step one, weighing the components according to the raw material ratio;
step two, stirring the calcium carbonate and the aerogel for 10min at 1500rpm, and uniformly mixing to obtain a first mixture;
thirdly, banburying the first mixture, polyvinyl chloride, chloroprene rubber, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, dicumyl peroxide and urea resin at 110 ℃ for 16min, and then adding azodicarbonamide for banburying for 5min to obtain a mixed body;
extruding the mixed body, performing primary foaming, performing secondary foaming, and curing for 6 days at 25 ℃ to obtain the heat-insulating material, wherein the extrusion conditions are as follows: 105 ℃/5min, the condition of primary foaming is 115 ℃/65min, and the condition of secondary foaming is 135 ℃/35 min.
Example 5
The comparative example provides a thermal insulation material, and the raw material ratio of each component is the same as that of example 1, and the details are not repeated.
The preparation method of the heat insulation material comprises the following steps:
step one, weighing the components according to the raw material ratio;
secondly, banburying the calcium carbonate, the aerogel, the polyvinyl chloride, the chloroprene rubber, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, the dicumyl peroxide and the urea resin at 100 ℃ for 17min, and then adding the azodicarbonamide for banburying for 5min to obtain a mixed body;
step three, extruding, primary foaming, secondary foaming and curing for 5 days at 25 ℃ to obtain the heat-insulating material, wherein the extrusion conditions are as follows: 95 ℃/5min, the condition of primary foaming is 110 ℃/60min, and the condition of secondary foaming is 130 ℃/40 min.
Example 6
The comparative example provides a thermal insulation material, and the raw material ratio of each component is the same as that of example 1, and the details are not repeated.
The preparation method of the heat insulation material comprises the following steps:
step one, weighing the components according to the raw material ratio;
step two, stirring the calcium carbonate and the aerogel for 15min at 1500rpm, and uniformly mixing to obtain a first mixture;
thirdly, banburying the first mixture, polyvinyl chloride, chloroprene rubber, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, dicumyl peroxide and urea resin at 100 ℃ for 17min, and then adding azodicarbonamide for banburying for 5min to obtain a mixed body;
extruding the mixed body, performing primary foaming, performing secondary foaming, and curing for 5 days at 25 ℃ to obtain the heat-insulating material, wherein the extrusion conditions are as follows: 95 ℃/5min, the condition of the first foaming is 130 ℃/60min, and the condition of the second foaming is 150 ℃/40 min.
Example 7
The comparative example provides a thermal insulation material, and the raw material ratio of each component is the same as that of example 1, and the details are not repeated.
The preparation method of the heat insulation material comprises the following steps:
step one, weighing the components according to the raw material ratio;
step two, stirring the calcium carbonate and the aerogel for 15min at 1500rpm, and uniformly mixing to obtain a first mixture;
thirdly, banburying the first mixture, polyvinyl chloride, chloroprene rubber, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, dicumyl peroxide and urea resin at 100 ℃ for 17min, and then adding azodicarbonamide for banburying for 5min to obtain a mixed body;
extruding the mixed body, performing primary foaming, performing secondary foaming, and curing for 5 days at 25 ℃ to obtain the heat-insulating material, wherein the extrusion conditions are as follows: 95 ℃/5min, the condition of primary foaming is 100 ℃/60min, and the condition of secondary foaming is 120 ℃/40 min.
In order to better illustrate the characteristics of the thermal insulation material provided by the embodiment of the invention, the thermal insulation materials prepared in the embodiments 1 to 4 and the comparative examples 1 to 3 are respectively prepared into thermal insulation boards with the thickness of 3mm for performance detection, and the detection results are shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1
Note:
thermal resistance: the ratio of the temperature difference across the sample to the heat flux per unit area passing perpendicularly through the sample.
The heat retention rate is defined as: the heat retention rate is the ratio of the heat energy for keeping warm.
Namely, it is
In the formula: q: heat preservation rate,%;
and (3) Rct: thermal resistance of the sample in units of square meters Kelvin per Watt (m)2·K/W)；
Rct0 thermal resistance value in square meter Kelvin per Watt (m) for empty plate test2·K/W)。
As can be seen from Table 1, the heat insulation material prepared by the method has excellent heat insulation performance, and the heat transfer coefficient of the heat insulation material with the thickness of 3mm reaches 0.9956. In example 5, the aerogel is not loaded on the calcium carbonate, and the heat transfer coefficient is only 1.724, so that the aerogel loaded on the calcium carbonate is beneficial to promoting the uniform mixing of the aerogel and the polymer, and further improving the thermal insulation performance of the aerogel.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents or improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An insulation material, characterized in that: the paint comprises the following components in parts by weight: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer: 29-30 parts of chloroprene rubber: 19.3-21.5 parts of azodicarbonamide: 8.5-9.3 parts of dicumyl peroxide: 0.3-0.4 part of urea resin: 0.2-0.3 part; calcium carbonate: 1.8-2.1 parts of aerogel oxide: 2.1-2.5 parts and polyvinyl chloride: 13 to 14.3 portions.
2. The insulating material according to claim 1, wherein: the aerogel oxide is SiO2Aerogel, ZrO2Aerogel or Al2O3An aerogel.
3. The insulating material according to claim 1, wherein: the fineness of the calcium carbonate is 1200-1500 mu m.
4. A preparation method of a heat insulation material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method at least comprises the following steps:
weighing the components according to the raw material proportion of any one of claims 1 to 3;
step two, uniformly mixing calcium carbonate and aerogel oxide to obtain a first mixture;
mixing the first mixture with other residual components for first banburying to obtain a mixed body;
and step four, extruding, primary foaming, secondary foaming and curing the mixed body to obtain the heat-insulating material.
5. The method for preparing a heat insulating material according to claim 4, wherein: in the second step, the condition of uniform mixing is as follows: the rotating speed is 1400 rpm-1600 rpm, and the time is 10 min-15 min.
6. The method for preparing a heat insulating material according to claim 4, wherein: the third step is specifically as follows: and banburying the first mixture, polyvinyl chloride, chloroprene rubber, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, dicumyl peroxide and urea resin at 100-110 ℃ for 12-17 min, and then adding azodicarbonamide for banburying for 4-7 min to obtain a mixed body.
7. The method for preparing a heat insulating material according to claim 4, wherein: in the fourth step, the extrusion conditions are as follows: the temperature is 95-105 ℃, and the time is 4-6 min.
8. The method for preparing a heat insulating material according to claim 4, wherein: in the fourth step, the conditions of the primary foaming are as follows: the temperature is 110-120 ℃, and the time is 60-70 min.
9. The method for preparing a heat insulating material according to claim 4, wherein: in the fourth step, the conditions of the secondary foaming are as follows: the temperature is 130-140 ℃ and the time is 35-45 min.
10. The method for preparing a heat insulating material according to claim 4, wherein: in the fourth step, the curing conditions are as follows: the temperature is 20-30 ℃ and the time is 5-7 days.
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