CN113717343B - Recycling process for polyurethane soft foam - Google Patents
Recycling process for polyurethane soft foam Download PDFInfo
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- CN113717343B CN113717343B CN202111113728.1A CN202111113728A CN113717343B CN 113717343 B CN113717343 B CN 113717343B CN 202111113728 A CN202111113728 A CN 202111113728A CN 113717343 B CN113717343 B CN 113717343B
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- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009775 high-speed stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006136 alcoholysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012970 tertiary amine catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007120 differential activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011539 homogenization buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011268 retreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/4009—Two or more macromolecular compounds not provided for in one single group of groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/64
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
- C08J11/04—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
- C08J11/10—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
- C08J2375/08—Polyurethanes from polyethers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a recycling process for polyurethane soft foam, which comprises the following steps: dicing the polyurethane soft foam waste into cubes; the polyurethane soft foam realizes selective bond breaking to prepare activated micro powder with high end group activity; screening the broken polyurethane soft foam activated micro powder; conveying polyurethane soft foam activated micro powder meeting the particle size requirement to a drying and storing process for storage, and drying the powder at the same time; preparing polyether polyol and polyurethane soft foam activated micro powder, and determining the mass ratio of each component by metering respectively; mixing polyether polyol weighed in the metering step with polyurethane soft foam activated micro powder; and mixing the mixed solution with the black material and the compounding agent, pouring the mixture into a mold for foaming, and obtaining the high-quality polyurethane soft foam product with low density and high rebound. The invention can ensure that the energy consumption in the recycling process of the polyurethane soft foam is low and the recycling efficiency is high, can realize the high-valued recycling of the polyurethane soft foam, and reduces the production cost of the polyurethane soft foam.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of recycling of polyurethane soft foam, in particular to a recycling process for polyurethane soft foam.
Background
Along with the increase of the polyurethane material consumption in China year by year, the quantity of polyurethane waste is continuously and rapidly increased, and the recycling of the polyurethane material becomes an important research direction of various related enterprises in recent years. At present, enterprises for producing polyurethane for sofas can generate a large amount of leftover materials, mold overflows and unqualified products each year, and if the polyurethane wastes can be recycled, the environmental pollution can be reduced, the production cost can be reduced, and the method has great social and economic benefits.
In recent years, although new technologies are presented, the recycling effect is not obvious, the energy consumption is high, and the current situations of high energy consumption, low regeneration quality and high pollution are not solved.
The Chinese patent with publication number of CN110576546A discloses a method and a device for preparing regenerated sponge from polyurethane sponge waste, wherein the method comprises the following steps: (1) Crushing polyurethane sponge waste into small-particle sponge waste with the particle size of 1-20 mm by a crushing machine; (2) batch metering of small particle sponge waste; (3) adding glue in batches and uniformly mixing; the glue addition amount is 5-20% of the sponge waste by weight; and (4) pressing and bonding to form a regenerated polyurethane sponge block. The invention can make the sponge leftover materials produced in the production process of the polyurethane sponge products prepare regenerated sponge blocks again, and can be used in products such as sponge spring mattresses, cushions and the like again, the technology reduces production waste, reduces cost, and reduces environmental pollution possibly caused by the sponge leftover materials, but the re-soaking performance prepared by the method is lower;
the Chinese patent with publication number of CN113087965A discloses a method for recycling polyurethane materials by alcoholysis, which comprises the following steps: (1) pulverizing polyurethane material to be recovered; (2) Mixing the crushed polyurethane material with an alcoholysis agent and a catalyst, and stirring the mixture at 160-320 ℃ for reaction for 1-3 h; (3) And (3) cooling the system after the stirring reaction in the step (2) to 30-50 ℃, and filtering to obtain a polyurethane alcoholysis product. The method for alcoholysis of the polyurethane material has simple procedures, can reduce reaction energy consumption and prevent environmental pollution, but the separation and purification process equipment of the obtained product is complex, and the cost is high;
therefore, how to change the current situation that the recycling process of the polyurethane soft foam has higher energy consumption and poor recycling effect in the prior art is a problem to be solved urgently by the person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a recycling process for polyurethane soft foam, which solves the problems of the prior art, and ensures that the recycling process of the polyurethane soft foam has lower energy consumption and high recycling efficiency.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
the invention provides a recycling process for polyurethane soft foam, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing polyurethane clogs, namely crushing irregular polyurethane clogs and waste materials into cubes with the side length of 10-100mm by a low-temperature high-speed crusher so as to facilitate the feeding and preparation effects of the subsequent micro powder activation preparation process, and then placing the polyurethane soft foam waste materials after preliminary crushing and dicing into a homogenization buffer stirring tank for waiting for the proceeding of the subsequent steps;
step two, preparing powder from the block materials, namely feeding the block materials in a homogenizing buffer stirring tank into a micro powder activation preparation device, conveying the preliminarily crushed polyurethane soft foam waste blocks to an activation powder preparation unit through spiral conveying metering equipment and a closed conveying belt, and performing an activation powder preparation process of the polyurethane soft foam; the activation preparation unit is provided with two groups of double-roller type strong shearing equipment, the two groups of double-roller type strong shearing equipment are in serial connection, wherein the first group is arranged in parallel and up to ensure that the chain is broken by rapid shearing, and the second group is arranged in parallel and up to ensure the low-temperature activation and activation effect; the selective chain breakage is realized by virtue of the extrusion, stretching, shearing and crushing actions of the double-roller type strong shearing equipment, and the activated micro powder with surface activity is prepared;
step three, classifying and screening the powder, conveying the prepared polyurethane soft foam activated micro powder into powder classifying and screening equipment through a screw, screening the crushed polyurethane soft foam activated micro powder, and conveying the polyurethane soft foam activated micro powder which does not reach the particle size requirement to the next step for treatment through a conveying device again through a block material pulverizing step;
step four, storing and drying the powder, conveying the polyurethane soft foam activated micro powder meeting the particle size requirement to a drying and storing procedure for storage, and drying the powder while waiting for the next process;
step five, metering powder and liquid materials, preparing polyol and polyurethane soft foam activated micro powder, and respectively metering to ensure that the mass ratio of each component is as follows: 1 part of polyol and 0.1 to 0.3 part of polyurethane foam waste activated micro powder;
step six, homogenizing and mixing the powder and the liquid, putting the polyol weighed in the metering step and the polyurethane soft foam activated micro powder into a homogenizing and mixing procedure for mixing, and fully homogenizing and mixing the activated micro powder and the polyol;
step seven, caching qualified materials, conveying the mixed materials to a storage tank with a continuous stirring device, wherein the continuous stirring device is arranged in the storage tank, preventing the mixed liquid from sedimentation in the storage tank, and preparing for the subsequent foaming production by adding a main line;
step eight, polyurethane foaming, namely mixing the mixed liquid with black materials and a compounding agent, pouring the mixed liquid into a mold, and foaming, wherein the specific process comprises the steps of preparing the black materials, the compounding agent and the mixed materials, and the mass ratio of the components is as follows: 1 part of black material, 0.005-0.03 part of tertiary amine catalyst, 0.01-0.04 part of organic metal salt catalyst, 0.02-0.03 part of foam stabilizer, 0.001-0.004 part of amine catalyst, 0.2-0.5 part of foaming agent and 2-3 parts of mixture, wherein the black material is isocyanate, the mixture is a product obtained by stirring and mixing polyol and activated micro powder, and the weighed black material, the compounding agent and the mixture are added into a foaming unit for foaming, and then cured and shaped, cured and parked for 24 hours to obtain a high-quality polyurethane soft foam product with low density and high rebound; the temperature of the polyurethane foam waste material in the recycling process is 20-100 ℃, preferably 40-80 ℃.
Optionally, the polyurethane foam waste needs to be subjected to metal detection and metal removal before entering the first step and the second step, so that the damage of the device caused by metal in the polyurethane foam waste is prevented.
Optionally, in the first step, one or more combinations of a hammer crusher, a jaw crusher, an impact crusher, a double-shaft shredder, a twin-roll crusher, a single-shaft crusher with a transverse knife and a longitudinal knife and the like can be adopted to realize the block making of the polyurethane soft foam waste; the first step comprises the steps that polyurethane soft foam waste is conveyed to a crusher through a conveying belt to be crushed and cut into blocks, the cut materials are conveyed to a homogenizing buffer stirring tank through a bucket elevator, and finally conveyed to a conveying belt connected with next step equipment through a metering spiral conveying device through the homogenizing buffer stirring tank.
Optionally, the activation preparation of the second micro powder in the step can be realized by one or more combinations of double-roll or multi-roll structural equipment such as an open mill, a refiner, a calender and the like, preferably the refiner, the number of which is not particularly limited, and can be one or more, preferably 4-6; and step two, sequentially conveying the blocky polyurethane soft foam waste conveyed in the step one to a longitudinal tandem double-roller powder making device and a transverse tandem double-roller powder making device to manufacture activated micro powder.
Optionally, the third step can be realized by one or more combinations of air classification, airflow screening, linear vibration screening or rotary vibration screening, preferably the air classification realizes powder classification screening, qualified powder is conveyed to the next step of equipment, unqualified powder is conveyed to a transverse tandem double-roller powder making device again for powder making treatment until all materials are qualified.
Alternatively, the fourth step can be implemented by one or more combinations of microwave drying, air-flow drying, centrifugal spray drying, flash drying, vacuum conduction drying or hot air circulation drying, preferably microwave drying to implement powder storage drying.
Optionally, the fifth step can realize powder and liquid metering by one or more combination of a decrement type metering bin, an intermittent bucket scale, a plate type flowmeter, a coriolis flowmeter, a spiral electronic scale, an adhesive tape electronic scale, a nucleon scale, a rotor scale, a skip scale, a speed-regulating quantitative scale or pipeline flow metering.
Optionally, in the step six, powder and liquid homogenization mixing can be realized through one or more combinations of a strong shear mixing tank, an emulsifying pump and a high-speed stirring tank with an ultrasonic device for a horizontal polycondensation reaction kettle.
Optionally, in the step seven, the problem of sedimentation of the mixture needs to be prevented by caching the qualified materials, so that a continuous stirring device is needed, and the method can be realized by one or more combinations of a double planetary stirrer and a high-speed stirring tank.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the invention discloses a recycling process for polyurethane soft foam, which is characterized in that irregular polyurethane soft foam waste is subjected to homogenization and dicing treatment, and the diced polyurethane soft foam waste selectively breaks active end groups among polyurethane soft foam molecules through extrusion, stretching, shearing and crushing actions of a strong mechanical force field under a low-temperature environment, so that polyurethane soft foam activated micro powder with high end group activity and apparent activation energy is prepared. The polyurethane soft foam activated micro powder and the white material are homogenized and mixed to prepare mixed micro powder with uniform state for producing polyurethane soft foam products, the mixed substance can replace 5% -30% of polyurethane raw material consumption in original polyurethane foaming products, and the mechanical properties and microstructure of the polyurethane soft foam products filled with the recycled activated micro powder are not obviously different from those of the original polyurethane soft foam products through product production verification. The regeneration method and the regeneration process can treat the waste polyurethane soft foam waste in an environment-friendly way, and the prepared activation differential has the same effect as the polyurethane raw material, and partially replaces the raw material, thereby greatly reducing the production cost of the foaming product and realizing the environment-friendly and high-value recycling of the polyurethane soft foam waste.
The invention can treat waste polyurethane foaming products, leftover materials in the production process and defective products in an environment-friendly way, realize environment-friendly recycling, and change the current treatment situations of low recovery, high pollution and high energy consumption. The production line can realize the full-closed production from the polyurethane soft foam waste to the polyurethane product raw material, and is environment-friendly; the automatic and continuous production line work is realized, and the production efficiency is high; an online quality detection and screening mechanism is realized, and high quality is ensured; according to the method, the regeneration production line and the original polyurethane production line can be effectively combined, the aging utilization of the waste materials is realized, the occupied area of the waste materials can be greatly reduced due to the fact that the density of the foaming materials is small, and the potential safety hazard is avoided. The whole dust monitoring and smoke sensing and other dangerous detection of the production line realize safe production. The polyurethane waste material directly produces raw materials which can be used for the production line of polyurethane foaming products through the process; the continuous production is carried out by homogenizing and dicing polyurethane waste, differential activation preparation, quality detection, activation differential drying, accurate material metering, shearing and mixing, conveying and buffering and other working procedures. The method comprises a low-temperature rapid homogenization and dicing process, a low-temperature preparation process of polyurethane soft foam activated micro powder, a quality detection process of airflow screening and a high-speed shearing and mixing process; the invention works in a closed way from the soft polyurethane foam block making process to the homogenizing mixing process, thereby improving the working environment and reducing the working danger coefficient.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a recycling process flow for polyurethane flexible foam according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the block making process of the polyurethane residue according to the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the process of pulverizing bulk materials according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a screening and drying process according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the material metering, mixing and storage process of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a recycling process for polyurethane soft foam, which solves the problems of the prior art, and ensures that the recycling process of the polyurethane soft foam has lower energy consumption and high recycling efficiency.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
The invention provides a recycling process for polyurethane soft foam, which is shown in figure 1 and comprises the following steps:
step one, the polyurethane residual materials are made into blocks, as shown in fig. 2, the polyurethane soft foam waste materials are conveyed to a crusher through a conveying belt to be crushed and cut into blocks, the cut materials are conveyed to a homogenizing buffer stirring tank through a bucket elevator, and finally the homogenized buffer stirring tank is conveyed to a conveying belt connected with next step equipment through a metering screw conveying device.
Step two, powder preparation of the block materials, as shown in fig. 3, the block polyurethane soft foam waste materials conveyed in the step one are conveyed to a longitudinal tandem double-roller powder preparation device for preliminary activation powder preparation, then conveyed to a transverse tandem double-roller powder preparation device through a homogenizing conveying screw conveying device and a conveying belt for powder preparation, conveyed to a quality detection device through a homogenizing conveying screw conveying device below the homogenizing conveying screw conveying device for quality detection, qualified powder is conveyed to next step equipment, unqualified powder is conveyed to the transverse tandem double-roller powder preparation device again for powder preparation treatment until all materials are qualified, and the particle size of the prepared activated micro powder is below 180 mu m. Specifically, feeding the block materials in the homogenizing buffer stirring tank into a micro powder activation preparation device, conveying the preliminarily crushed polyurethane soft foam waste blocks to an activation powder preparation unit through a spiral conveying metering device and a closed conveying belt, and performing an activation powder preparation process of the polyurethane soft foam; the activation preparation unit is provided with two groups of double-roller type strong shearing equipment, the two groups of double-roller type strong shearing equipment are in serial connection, wherein the first group is arranged in parallel and up to ensure that the chain is broken by rapid shearing, and the second group is arranged in parallel and up to ensure the low-temperature activation and activation effect; the selective chain breakage is realized by virtue of the extrusion, stretching, shearing and crushing actions of the double-roller type strong shearing equipment, and the activated micro powder with surface activity is prepared; the polyurethane foam waste needs to be subjected to metal detection and metal removal before the first step and the second step, so that the damage of metal in the polyurethane foam waste to the device is prevented.
Step three, classifying and screening the powder, namely conveying the prepared polyurethane soft foam activated micro powder into powder classifying and screening equipment through a spiral, screening the crushed polyurethane soft foam activated micro powder, and conveying the polyurethane soft foam activated micro powder which does not reach the particle size requirement to the next step for treatment through a conveying device through a block material pulverizing step again;
step four, powder storage and drying, namely conveying the powder to a multi-stage classification screening device for screening by a pneumatic conveyor, conveying the screened qualified material to a drying tank for drying, conveying the dried material to a powder storage tank for storage by a bucket elevator, conveying the dried material to the next process for standby at any time according to requirements, wherein the particle size after screening is less than 180 mu m, and the water content of the dried activated micro powder is not higher than 0.1%;
step five, metering powder and liquid materials, as shown in fig. 5, preparing polyether polyol and polyurethane soft foam activated micro powder, and respectively metering to ensure that the mass ratio of each component is as follows: 1 part of polyether polyol, 0.1-0.3 part of polyurethane foam waste, preferably 0.1-0.2 part of polyurethane soft foam activated micro powder which is micro powder prepared by the steps of briquetting, mechanochemical activation, screening and drying of the polyurethane soft foam waste;
step six, homogenizing and mixing the powder and the liquid, putting the polyether polyol and the polyurethane soft foam activated micro powder weighed in the metering step into a homogenizing and mixing procedure for mixing, so that the activated micro powder and the polyether polyol are fully and uniformly mixed, the mixing time is 0.5-3h, the viscosity after the mixing is 800-3000 Pa.s, and the mixed liquid is ensured not to have sedimentation phenomenon within 2-12 h;
step seven, caching qualified materials, conveying the mixed materials to a storage tank with a continuous stirring device, wherein the continuous stirring device is arranged in the storage tank, preventing the mixed liquid from sedimentation in the storage tank, and preparing for the subsequent foaming production by adding a main line;
step eight, polyurethane foaming, namely mixing the mixed liquid with black materials and a compounding agent, pouring the mixture into a mold for foaming, wherein the specific process is to prepare the black materials, the compounding agent and the mixture, and the mass ratio of the components is as follows: 1 part of black material, 0.005-0.03 part of tertiary amine catalyst, 0.01-0.04 part of organic metal salt catalyst, 0.02-0.03 part of foam stabilizer, 0.001-0.004 part of amine catalyst, 0.2-0.5 part of foaming agent, 2-3 parts of mixture, isocyanate as the black material, the mixture as a product obtained by stirring and mixing polyether polyol and activated micro powder, and adding the weighed black material, the compounding agent and the mixture into a foaming unit for foaming, curing and shaping, curing and standing for 24 hours to obtain a high-quality polyurethane soft brewing product with low density and high rebound; the temperature of the polyurethane foam waste material in the recycling process is 20-100 ℃, preferably 40-80 ℃.
Optionally, step five can realize powder, liquid material metering through one or more combination of decrement formula measurement storehouse, intermittent type formula bucket balance, plate flowmeter, coriolis flowmeter, spiral electronic scale, sticky tape electronic scale, nucleon balance, rotor balance, skip balance, speed governing ration balance, or pipeline flow measurement, powder and liquid are respectively metered when the measurement, the powder is metered through the weightlessness, liquid is metered through the measuring pump, powder is loaded into the high-speed agitator tank through the pneumatic feeder after the measurement is accomplished, liquid pumps into the high-speed agitator tank through the pipeline and mixes with the powder, a plurality of high-speed agitator tanks can work simultaneously respectively, the material after the preliminary mixing pumps into the emulsion pump through the pipeline and further mixes, qualified mixture pumps into the holding vessel through the pipeline and reserve, unqualified material is conveyed into the high-speed agitator tank again through the emulsion pump and repeatedly stirred until all materials are mixed qualified.
Embodiment one:
the embodiment provides a recycling process for polyurethane soft foam, which comprises the following steps:
(1) The method comprises the steps of enabling polyurethane soft foam waste to enter a polyurethane residual material blocking process through a conveying belt for blocking, crushing large polyurethane foam waste into cubes with the length of 10-100mm, placing the primarily crushed polyurethane soft foam waste into a storage tank for storage for later use, finely grinding the polyurethane soft foam waste through a micro powder activation preparation process, wherein the particle size of the polyurethane ground polyurethane soft foam waste is below 250 mu m;
(2) The prepared polyurethane soft foam micro powder enters a powder classifying and screening process through spiral conveying, the crushed polyurethane soft foam micro powder is subjected to screening treatment, the polyurethane soft foam micro powder which does not reach the particle size requirement is subjected to retreatment through a conveying device again through a micro powder activating and preparing process, the polyurethane soft foam micro powder which reaches the particle size requirement is conveyed to a drying and storing process to be stored, the powder is dried while waiting for the next process to be carried out, the influence of moisture in the air or the moisture originally carried by the powder on the subsequent process is avoided, the required particle size requirement is met, the particle size after screening is less than 180 mu m, and the moisture content of the dried activated micro powder is not higher than 0.1%;
(3) Polyether polyol and polyurethane soft foam micro powder are prepared, and the mass ratio of the components is as follows: 1 part of polyether polyol and 0.15 part of polyurethane foam waste, wherein the polyurethane soft foam micro powder is micro powder prepared by crushing, micro powder activating and screening the polyurethane soft foam waste, the polyether polyol weighed in the precise metering process and the polyurethane foam regenerated material are put into a homogenizing mixing process for high-speed mixing, so that the polyurethane soft foam micro powder and the polyether polyol are fully and uniformly mixed, and then the mixed materials are conveyed into a standby tank in a qualified material caching process for storage for 1h;
(4) Preparing black materials, compounding agents and mixtures, wherein the mass ratio of the components is as follows: 1 part of black material, 0.15 part of tertiary amine catalyst, 0.02 part of organic metal salt catalyst, 0.025 part of foam stabilizer, 0.002 part of amine catalyst, 0.3 part of foaming agent and 3 parts of mixture, wherein the black material is isocyanate, the mixture is a product obtained by stirring and mixing raw materials and polyurethane foam waste, and the weighed black material, the compounding agent and the mixture are added into a foaming unit for foaming, so that a high-quality polyurethane product with low density and high rebound is obtained.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "top", "bottom", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present invention; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A recycling process for polyurethane soft foam is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, the polyurethane residual materials are made into blocks, the polyurethane soft foam waste materials are primarily cut into regular cubes, and then the polyurethane soft foam waste materials which are primarily crushed and cut into blocks are placed in a homogenizing buffer stirring tank to wait for the follow-up steps; the polyurethane soft foam waste is conveyed to a crusher through a conveying belt to be crushed and diced, the diced materials are conveyed to a homogenizing buffer stirring tank through a bucket elevator, and finally conveyed to the conveying belt connected with equipment in the next step through a metering spiral conveying device through the homogenizing buffer stirring tank;
step two, preparing powder from the block materials, namely feeding the block materials in a homogenizing buffer stirring tank into a micro powder activation preparation device, and enabling polyurethane soft foam to realize selective bond breaking through stretching, shearing and extrusion actions of a mechanical force field of a double-roller or multi-roller structure device to prepare activated micro powder with high end group activity; the micro powder activation preparation device is provided with two groups of double-roller type strong shearing equipment, the two groups of double-roller type strong shearing equipment work in series, wherein the first group adopts up-down serial arrangement to ensure quick shearing chain breakage, and the second group adopts horizontal serial arrangement to ensure low-temperature activation and activation effects; the selective chain breakage is realized by virtue of the extrusion, stretching, shearing and crushing actions of the double-roller type strong shearing equipment, and the activated micro powder with surface activity is prepared;
before the polyurethane foam waste enters the first step and the second step, metal detection and metal removal are needed, so that the damage of metal in the polyurethane foam waste to the device is prevented;
step three, classifying and screening the powder, conveying the prepared polyurethane soft foam activated micro powder into powder classifying and screening equipment through a screw, screening the crushed polyurethane soft foam activated micro powder, and conveying the polyurethane soft foam activated micro powder which does not reach the particle size requirement to the next step for treatment through a conveying device again through a block material pulverizing step;
step four, storing and drying the powder, conveying the polyurethane soft foam activated micro powder meeting the particle size requirement to a drying and storing procedure for storage, and drying the powder while waiting for the next process;
step five, metering powder and liquid materials, preparing polyol and polyurethane soft foam activated micro powder, and respectively metering to ensure that the mass ratio of each component is as follows: 1 part of polyol and 0.1 to 0.3 part of polyurethane foam waste activated micro powder;
step six, homogenizing and mixing the powder and the liquid, putting the polyol weighed in the metering step and the polyurethane soft foam activated micro powder into a homogenizing and mixing procedure for mixing, and fully homogenizing and mixing the activated micro powder and the polyol;
step seven, caching qualified materials, conveying the mixed materials to a storage tank with a continuous stirring device, and preparing for the subsequent foaming production by adding a main line;
and step eight, foaming polyurethane, namely pouring the mixed solution, the black material and the compounding agent into a mold for foaming after mixing, and obtaining a high-quality polyurethane soft foam product with low density and high rebound.
2. The recycling process for polyurethane soft foam according to claim 1, characterized in that: the second step can realize micro powder activation preparation through double-roller structures such as an open mill, a refiner, a calender and the like; and step two, sequentially conveying the blocky polyurethane soft foam waste conveyed in the step one to a longitudinal tandem double-roller powder making device and a transverse tandem double-roller powder making device, and then making activated micro powder.
3. The recycling process for polyurethane soft foam according to claim 1, characterized in that: and thirdly, classifying and screening the powder by air classification, airflow screening, a linear vibrating screen or a rotary vibrating screen, conveying qualified powder to equipment of the next step, and conveying unqualified powder to a transverse tandem double-roller powder making device again for powder making treatment until all materials are qualified.
4. The recycling process for polyurethane soft foam according to claim 1, characterized in that: and step four, powder storage drying can be realized through microwave method drying, airflow drying, centrifugal spray drying, flash evaporation type drying, vacuum conduction type drying or hot air circulation type drying.
5. The recycling process for polyurethane soft foam according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step five can realize powder and liquid metering through a decrement type metering bin, an intermittent bucket scale, a plate type flowmeter, a coriolis flowmeter, a spiral electronic scale, an adhesive tape electronic scale, a nucleon scale, a rotor scale, a tipping bucket scale, a speed-regulating quantitative scale, or pipeline flow metering and the like.
6. The recycling process for polyurethane soft foam according to claim 1, characterized in that: and step six, powder and liquid homogenization mixing can be realized through a strong shearing mixing tank, an emulsifying pump, a horizontal polycondensation reaction kettle or a high-speed stirring tank with an ultrasonic device.
7. The recycling process for polyurethane soft foam according to claim 1, characterized in that: the storage tank in the seventh step can adopt a double-planetary stirrer or a high-speed stirring tank.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4451583A (en) * | 1982-01-26 | 1984-05-29 | Olin Corporation | Recycling of flexible polyurethane foam scrap |
| JP2002045837A (en) * | 2000-08-07 | 2002-02-12 | Idemitsu Technofine Co Ltd | Method for pulverizing foam and fine powder of foam |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US7559492B2 (en) * | 2006-11-16 | 2009-07-14 | Industry-Academic Cooperation Foundation Gyeongsang National University | Fine powder of waste polyurethane foam and method of manufacturing the same |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4451583A (en) * | 1982-01-26 | 1984-05-29 | Olin Corporation | Recycling of flexible polyurethane foam scrap |
| JP2002045837A (en) * | 2000-08-07 | 2002-02-12 | Idemitsu Technofine Co Ltd | Method for pulverizing foam and fine powder of foam |
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