CN113715327A - 3D printing manufacturing process of TPU flexible heat-conducting automobile seat liner material - Google Patents
3D printing manufacturing process of TPU flexible heat-conducting automobile seat liner material Download PDFInfo
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- CN113715327A CN113715327A CN202110878674.1A CN202110878674A CN113715327A CN 113715327 A CN113715327 A CN 113715327A CN 202110878674 A CN202110878674 A CN 202110878674A CN 113715327 A CN113715327 A CN 113715327A
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
- B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
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- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
- B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of high polymer materials, and particularly provides a 3D printing manufacturing process of a TPU flexible heat-conducting automobile seat liner material. The process comprises the following steps: selecting SLS equipment; designing a three-dimensional hollow model; preparing functional TPU composite powder; setting technological parameters of SLS, carrying out SLS molding on the mixed powder, and printing a standard test piece; carrying out performance test on the printed standard test piece; the TPU flexible heat-conducting automobile seat liner material is molded, and the heat-conducting automobile instrument seat liner material after SLS molding is subjected to powder cleaning, sand blasting, coloring and other treatments, so that the TPU flexible heat-conducting automobile seat liner material can be assembled into a complete automobile seat with an automobile seat shell and a surface coating material subsequently. The invention has the advantages of simple operation, high flexibility and wide application range, and the formed product has better flexibility, heat-conducting property, impact resistance and wear resistance, thereby effectively improving the comfortable experience of passengers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high polymer materials, and particularly relates to a 3D printing manufacturing process of a TPU flexible heat-conducting automobile seat liner material.
Background
With the continuous progress of society, more and more families have own automobiles, and the requirement of people on the environmental comfort in the automobiles is higher and higher. The traditional structure of the automobile seat is that the outer surface of a framework is covered with foam, the outer surface of the foam is covered with a surface cover, and a layer of soft foam is generally compounded below the surface cover except for leather or fabric with visible appearance. When the weather is hot, drive the car for a long time, the part of passenger's back, buttock and seat laminating, the heat that the human body produced can't distribute away, very big influence travelling comfort. And human body is sunk into the seat surface cover and the foam, and the temperature of the contact part cannot be reduced even if the air conditioner is opened in the vehicle due to poor heat conductivity of the surface cover and the foam. Similarly, in cold weather, even if warm air is blown into the vehicle, the temperature of the contact part of the human body and the seat is slowly increased. The current solution is to arrange ventilation, refrigeration and heating devices in the seat, but the structure is complex, the cost is high, the occupied space is large, and the electric energy is consumed during the work. A general car seat refers to a seat to be seated when a vehicle is seated, and can be roughly classified into: the front row seat is provided with a headrest, a backrest, a cushion and armrests; the back row seat is provided with a headrest, a backrest, a cushion, side wings and armrests. The headrest, the backrest and the cushion part are the most important parts affecting the comfort of the driver and the passenger, so that the selection of materials, the design of the structure and the selection of the forming process of the parts are very important. In addition, the existing automobile seat liner is mainly made of sponge, and in the foaming process of the sponge, the foam structure, the foam density, the flexibility, the elasticity and the like of each part are the same, so that the hardness, the supporting force, the resilience, the flexibility and the like of different parts cannot be designed differently according to the stress difference of a driver and passengers on different parts of the seat when the automobile seat runs along with an automobile. However, the 3D printing SLS technology can realize the differentiated design of the density and the thickness of the hollow structure according to the actual requirements, and the requirements are met.
The thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) is a high polymer material with the performance between rubber and plastic, has wide hardness range, has the characteristics of wear resistance, oil resistance, transparency and the like, and simultaneously has excellent elastic performance. In addition, TPU, as a soft shape memory polymer, exhibits unique thermomechanical storage and strong shape recovery during the heat-deform-set-recovery cycle, a property that can both create a functional active component and extend its useful life in applications. Therefore, the special TPU flexible heat conduction powder for SLS molding is developed and researched, and the structure of the liner material of the automobile seat is designed into a hollow structure, so that the problems of heat dissipation, temperature rise, wear resistance, impact resistance, comfort and the like can be well solved.
The Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) used by the invention is a material increase manufacturing (3D printing) technology taking powder as a raw material, the powder is melted by using energy provided by laser and then stacked layer by layer to finally form a printed product, functional parts with complex shapes and structures and parts with difficult processing can be prepared, and the Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) has the characteristics of high forming speed, high precision and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, biomedical treatment, automobile manufacturing and the like. By preparing the functional TPU composite material with prominent heat conductivity, impact resistance and wear resistance and utilizing the SLS process to form the TPU flexible heat-conducting automobile seat liner hollow-out structure material, the advantages of simple SLS forming technology process, no need of a supporting structure, high forming precision and high material utilization rate can be fully exerted, and the characteristics of no need of designing a mold, design and manufacture integration, diversified forming materials and random shape of a workpiece are achieved.
Chinese patent application No. 202010639422.9 discloses a non-woven fabric foaming pad material for an automobile cushion and a preparation process thereof, wherein hydrophilic polyester fibers and back-spun polyester fibers are mixed, elongated, carded, lapped and drawn to form a cotton net, the prepared hydrophilic polyester fiber cotton net is paved on the back-spun polyester cotton net or in the middle of the double-layer back-spun polyester cotton net, and meanwhile, spunlace reinforcement treatment is carried out to prepare the non-woven fabric foaming pad material. The forming process is complex, the operation difficulty is high, and the prepared automobile seat liner material has poor heat conductivity and poor comfort.
Chinese patent application No. 201611100997.3 discloses a process for manufacturing a seat cushion of an automobile seat, which comprises the steps of feeding raw materials into an injection molding machine after reacting, mixing and stirring the required raw materials, heating the raw materials to make the plastic in a molten state, and injecting the molten plastic into a mold to form the cushion material of the automobile seat. The automobile seat cushion prepared by the process has good elasticity, good ventilation effect and antibacterial function, but the process is difficult to form, has poor forming effect and poor heating and radiating performance for the automobile seat liner material with complex shape.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows:
in order to overcome the above disadvantages, the present invention provides a 3D printing process for manufacturing a TPU flexible heat-conducting car seat cushion material, wherein the formed TPU flexible heat-conducting car seat cushion material is a hollow structure and is assembled on a car seat shell to form a complete car seat, so that different parts (such as a headrest, a backrest, and a cushion) are respectively constructed for design and SLS forming. The invention strives to achieve the following advantages: the process is simple, the flexibility is high, the application range is wide, the practicability is high, the complicated structure and the diversified structure of the automobile seat liner material can be realized, different aesthetic requirements on the market are met, and the automobile seat liner material prepared by the process is good in quality and has good heat conductivity, impact resistance, wear resistance and other performances.
The process designs the automobile seat liner material into a hollow structure for molding. Can be attributed to the following aspects:
(1) excellent performance. The hollow structure has good performance in the aspects of mechanical, thermal and optical properties. The formed hollow structure has two dynamic properties of compression and elasticity, and the elasticity and the compression behavior show quick collective reaction when facing mechanical impact so as to offset stress on each node.
(2) The weight is reduced. The hollow structure only needs to use 30-40% or even less material with the same volume, namely the weight is reduced by at least 60%, and the consumption of raw materials is greatly saved.
(3) Heat conduction. The main reason for designing the automobile lining material into the hollow structure is to better solve the problems of heat loss in winter and poor heat dissipation in summer of the traditional automobile lining material. The reason is that on one hand, an air layer in the middle of the hollow structure can well isolate heat transfer, heat loss in winter can be avoided, and on the other hand, because the hollow structure has a high specific surface area, heat of the whole part can be quickly transferred through air flow exchange, so that the purpose of heat dissipation in summer is achieved.
The invention content is as follows:
(1) the TPU flexible automobile liner material formed by the process has good heat-conducting property, impact resistance and wear resistance.
(2) The functional TPU heat-conducting composite powder prepared by the experiment is prepared by aiming at the molding process method, and aims to manufacture the automobile gasket material with certain performance by utilizing the process, and the whole process is a complete system.
(3) The automobile seat liner material is designed into the hollow structure, so that materials can be saved, the cost is reduced, more comfortable experience is brought to passengers, more important aspects are embodied on heat conduction, the hollow structure has a high specific surface area, heat can be rapidly transferred and transferred through air flow exchange, and the problems that the traditional automobile seat material is slow in temperature rise and poor in heat dissipation are effectively solved.
(4) The automobile seat can be designed and printed according to the human body three-dimensional shape of a driver through human body three-dimensional imaging, and differential design is carried out according to the stress difference of the driver and passengers on different parts of the seat and the hardness, supporting force, resilience, flexibility and the like of the different parts.
The invention discloses a TPU flexible heat-conducting automobile seat liner material manufactured by the following technical scheme and steps:
(1) selecting industrial grade 3D printing Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) equipment suitable for polymer materials for molding;
(2) designing a TPU flexible heat-conducting automobile seat cushion material three-dimensional hollow model, converting the model into an STL file format, carrying out cross section slicing and segmentation on the STL file, and importing the STL file into an SLS computer-aided system;
(3) preparing functional TPU composite powder with good heat-conducting property;
(4) setting SLS technological parameters, wherein the printing temperature is 110-150 ℃, the scanning speed is 6000 mm/s-12000 mm/s, the laser power is 15-45W, the powder spreading thickness is 0.10-0.30 mm, and the scanning interval is 0.08-0.30 mm;
(5) functional TPU composite powder with good heat conductivity is filled into SLS equipment, and a standard test piece is formed through an SLS process;
(6) carrying out performance tests on the formed standard test piece, wherein the performance tests comprise a mechanical performance test and a heat conduction performance test;
(7) the SLS molding TPU flexible heat conduction automobile seat liner material is subjected to powder cleaning, sand blasting, coloring and other treatments on the SLS molded automobile seat liner material, and can be assembled into a complete automobile seat with an automobile seat shell and a surface coating material subsequently.
Compared with the traditional forming process (foaming, injection molding and the like) of the automobile seat liner material, the automobile seat liner material formed by the SLS technology has the advantages that the quality is guaranteed, the complex and various hollow-out structures can be formed, and the performance of the automobile seat liner material cannot be reduced. The most important point is that the prepared functional TPU composite powder can be directly put into SLS equipment for layer-by-layer sintering molding, and the defects of difficult molding, low molding efficiency and the like of the traditional process are effectively overcome.
Further, according to the 3D printing manufacturing process of the TPU flexible heat-conducting automobile seat liner material, the high-heat-conducting impact-resistant functionalized TPU composite powder comprises the following components:
(1) 100 parts of TPU powder;
(2) 10-50 parts by mass of a heat-conducting filler, preferably 10-30 parts by mass;
(3) 10-40 parts by mass of impact-resistant filler, preferably 10-20 parts by mass;
(4) 2-15 parts by mass of a flow aid, preferably 2-10 parts by mass;
(5) 0.1 to 3 parts by mass of a stabilizer, preferably 0.1 to 1.5 parts by mass;
(6) 2-10 parts by mass of an antioxidant, preferably 2-5 parts by mass;
(7) 2-10 parts by mass of a coupling agent, preferably 2-5 parts by mass.
The preparation method of the functional TPU composite powder with good heat conductivity is characterized in that the functional TPU composite powder with good heat conductivity is obtained by adding the components into a high-speed mixer in proportion and mechanically mixing for 10-50 min.
Further, the SLS manufacturing process of the TPU flexible heat conduction automobile seat liner material comprises the steps of preparing a headrest material, a backrest material and a cushion material, wherein the headrest material, the backrest material and the cushion material are all flexible materials taking TPU as main raw materials and are hollow structures.
Further, the SLS manufacturing process of the TPU flexible heat-conducting automobile seat liner material is characterized in that: the heat-conducting filler is Al or alpha-Al2O3、AlN、AlN@Al2O3One or more of BN, ZnO, SiC, MgO and h-BN powder.
Further, according to the SLS manufacturing process of the TPU flexible heat-conducting automobile seat liner material, the impact-resistant filler is one or more of glass fiber, mica powder, aluminum powder, nano-silica and glass powder.
Further, in the SLS manufacturing process of the TPU flexible heat-conducting automobile seat liner material, the flow assistant is one or more of nano silicon dioxide, nano aluminum oxide, nano calcium oxide, nano titanium oxide and nano silicon carbide powder.
Further, in the SLS manufacturing process of the TPU flexible heat-conducting automobile seat liner material, the coupling agent is one or more of a silane coupling agent, a titanic acid coupling agent and a chromium complex coupling agent.
Further, in the SLS manufacturing process of the TPU flexible heat-conducting automobile seat liner material, the stabilizer is one or more of a heat stabilizer and a light stabilizer.
Further, in the SLS manufacturing process of the TPU flexible heat-conducting automobile seat liner material, the antioxidant is one or more of antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 168, antioxidant 264 and antioxidant 1076.
Has the advantages that:
compared with the prior art, the manufacturing process of the TPU flexible heat-conducting automobile seat liner material provided by the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the SLS manufacturing process of the TPU flexible heat-conducting automobile seat liner material disclosed by the invention is simple in process and flexible to operate, and can mold the automobile seat liner material with a complex shape and high quality.
(2) The SLS manufacturing process of the TPU flexible heat-conducting automobile seat liner material disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the automobile seat liner material is good in wear resistance, toughness, ageing resistance and the like, and the structure of the automobile seat liner material is designed into a hollow structure, so that the automobile seat liner material has a light weight effect and can save raw materials.
(3) The SLS manufacturing process of the TPU flexible heat-conducting automobile seat liner material disclosed by the invention is formed by utilizing the SLS process, is high in production efficiency, can save time to a certain extent, and reduces the consumption of manpower and material resources.
(4) The SLS manufacturing process of the TPU flexible heat-conducting automobile seat liner material disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the formed automobile seat liner material has the performances of high heat conduction, impact resistance, wear resistance and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a seat of an automobile seat according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the selective laser sintering molding process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to specific experimental data, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The following embodiment provides a 3D printing manufacturing process of a TPU flexible heat-conducting automobile seat cushion material.
The automobile seat cushion material comprises a headrest material, a backrest material and a cushion material, and is a flexible material taking TPU as a main raw material and has a hollow structure.
The heat-conducting filler is Al or alpha-Al2O3、AlN、AlN@Al2O3One or more of BN, ZnO, SiC, MgO and h-BN.
The impact-resistant filler is one or more of glass fiber, mica powder, aluminum powder, nano silicon dioxide and glass powder.
The flow auxiliary agent is one or more of nano silicon dioxide, nano aluminum oxide, nano calcium oxide, nano titanium oxide and nano silicon carbide powder.
The coupling agent is one or more of silane coupling agent, titanic acid coupling agent and chromium complex coupling agent.
The stabilizer is one or more of a heat stabilizer and a light stabilizer.
And stirring the functional filler and the TPU powder in a high-speed mixer for 10-50 min.
The antioxidant is one or more of antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 168, antioxidant 264 and antioxidant 1076.
Example 1
(1) 100 parts by mass of TPU powder, 30 parts by mass of heat-conducting filler, 10 parts by mass of impact-resistant filler, 5 parts by mass of flow aid, 2 parts by mass of antioxidant, 1 part by mass of stabilizer and 2 parts by mass of coupling agent are put into a high-speed mixer and mixed for 30min at a speed of 1200 r/min.
(2) The SLS molding standard test piece has the molding technological parameters as follows: the printing temperature is set to be 110 ℃, the scanning speed is 6000mm/s, the laser power is 25W, the powder spreading thickness is 0.10mm, and the scanning distance is 0.08 mm.
(3) And (4) carrying out performance test on the standard test piece formed by the SLS. The method comprises the steps of mechanical property testing and heat conducting property testing.
(4) The SLS molding automobile seat liner material has the molding technological parameters as follows: the printing temperature is 110 ℃, the scanning speed is 6000mm/s, the laser power is 25W, the powder spreading thickness is 0.10mm, and the scanning distance is 0.08 mm.
(5) The molded automobile seat liner material is subjected to powder cleaning, sand blasting, coloring and the like, and can be assembled into a complete automobile seat with an automobile seat shell and a surface coating material subsequently.
In the experimental example, the heat-conducting filler is AlN @ Al prepared in the experiment2O3/α-Al2O3The heat-conducting composite powder of/h-BN, the impact-resistant filler is glass powder, and the flow assistant is nano-silicon dioxide (nano-SiO)2) The antioxidant is antioxidant 168, the stabilizer is light stabilizer, namely ultraviolet absorbent, and the coupling agent is silane coupling agent.
Example 2
(1) 100 parts by mass of TPU powder, 30 parts by mass of heat-conducting filler, 10 parts by mass of impact-resistant filler, 5 parts by mass of flow aid, 2 parts by mass of antioxidant, 1 part by mass of stabilizer and 2 parts by mass of coupling agent are put into a high-speed mixer and mixed for 30min at a speed of 1200 r/min.
(2) The SLS molding standard test piece has the molding technological parameters as follows: the printing temperature is set to be 110 ℃, the scanning speed is 7000mm/s, the laser power is 25W, the powder spreading thickness is 0.10mm, and the scanning interval is 0.10 mm.
(3) And (4) carrying out performance test on the standard test piece formed by the SLS. The method comprises the steps of mechanical property testing and heat conducting property testing.
(4) The SLS molding automobile seat liner material has the molding technological parameters as follows: the printing temperature is 110 ℃, the scanning speed is 7000mm/s, the laser power is 25W, the powder spreading thickness is 0.10mm, and the scanning interval is 0.10 mm.
(5) The molded automobile seat liner material is subjected to powder cleaning, sand blasting, coloring and the like, and can be assembled into a complete automobile seat with an automobile seat shell and a surface coating material subsequently.
In the experimental example, the heat-conducting filler is AlN @ Al prepared in the experiment2O3/α-Al2O3The heat-conducting composite powder of/h-BN, the impact-resistant filler is glass powder, and the flow assistant is nano-silicon dioxide (nano-SiO)2) The antioxidant is antioxidant 168, the stabilizer is light stabilizer, namely ultraviolet absorbent, and the coupling agent is silane coupling agent.
Example 3
(1) 100 parts by mass of TPU powder, 30 parts by mass of heat-conducting filler, 10 parts by mass of impact-resistant filler, 5 parts by mass of flow aid, 2 parts by mass of antioxidant, 1 part by mass of stabilizer and 2 parts by mass of coupling agent are put into a high-speed mixer and mixed for 30min at a speed of 1200 r/min.
(2) The SLS molding standard test piece has the molding technological parameters as follows: the printing temperature is set to be 120 ℃, the scanning speed is 7000mm/s, the laser power is 35W, the powder spreading thickness is 0.15mm, and the scanning interval is 0.30 mm.
(3) And (4) carrying out performance test on the standard test piece formed by the SLS. The method comprises the steps of mechanical property testing and heat conducting property testing.
(4) The SLS molding automobile seat liner material has the molding technological parameters as follows: the printing temperature is 120 ℃, the scanning speed is 7000mm/s, the laser power is 35W, the powder spreading thickness is 0.15mm, and the scanning interval is 0.30 mm.
(5) The molded automobile seat liner material is subjected to powder cleaning, sand blasting, coloring and the like, and can be assembled into a complete automobile seat with an automobile seat shell and a surface coating material subsequently.
In the experimental example, the heat-conducting filler is AlN @ Al prepared in the experiment2O3/α-Al2O3The heat-conducting composite powder of/h-BN, the impact-resistant filler is glass powder, and the flow assistant is nano-silicon dioxide (nano-SiO)2) The antioxidant is antioxidant 168, the stabilizer is light stabilizer, i.e. ultraviolet absorbent, and the coupling agent is siliconAn alkane coupling agent.
Example 4
(1) 100 parts by mass of TPU powder, 30 parts by mass of heat-conducting filler, 10 parts by mass of impact-resistant filler, 5 parts by mass of flow aid, 2 parts by mass of antioxidant, 1 part by mass of stabilizer and 2 parts by mass of coupling agent are put into a high-speed mixer and mixed for 30min at a speed of 1200 r/min.
(2) The SLS molding standard test piece has the molding technological parameters as follows: the printing temperature is set to be 120 ℃, the scanning speed is 8000mm/s, the laser power is 20W, the powder spreading thickness is 0.20mm, and the scanning distance is 0.15 mm.
(3) And (4) carrying out performance test on the standard test piece formed by the SLS. The method comprises the steps of mechanical property testing and heat conducting property testing.
(4) The SLS molding automobile seat liner material has the molding technological parameters as follows: the printing temperature is 120 ℃, the scanning speed is 8000mm/s, the laser power is 20W, the powder spreading thickness is 0.20mm, and the scanning distance is 0.15 mm.
(5) The molded automobile seat liner material is subjected to powder cleaning, sand blasting, coloring and the like, and can be assembled into a complete automobile seat with an automobile seat shell and a surface coating material subsequently.
In the experimental example, the heat-conducting filler is AlN @ Al prepared in the experiment2O3/α-Al2O3The heat-conducting composite powder of/h-BN, the impact-resistant filler is glass powder, and the flow assistant is nano-silicon dioxide (nano-SiO)2) The antioxidant is antioxidant 168, the stabilizer is light stabilizer, namely ultraviolet absorbent, and the coupling agent is silane coupling agent.
Example 5
(1) 100 parts by mass of TPU powder, 30 parts by mass of heat-conducting filler, 10 parts by mass of impact-resistant filler, 5 parts by mass of flow aid, 2 parts by mass of antioxidant, 1 part by mass of stabilizer and 2 parts by mass of coupling agent are put into a high-speed mixer and mixed for 30min at a speed of 1200 r/min.
(2) The SLS molding standard test piece has the molding technological parameters as follows: the printing temperature is set to 130 ℃, the scanning speed is 8000mm/s, the laser power is 15W, the powder spreading thickness is 0.20mm, and the scanning distance is 0.15 mm.
(3) And (4) carrying out performance test on the standard test piece formed by the SLS. The method comprises the steps of mechanical property testing and heat conducting property testing.
(4) The SLS molding automobile seat liner material has the molding technological parameters as follows: printing temperature 130 ℃, scanning speed 8000mm/s, laser power 15W, powder spreading thickness 0.20mm, and scanning distance 0.15 mm.
(5) The molded automobile seat liner material is subjected to powder cleaning, sand blasting, coloring and the like, and can be assembled into a complete automobile seat with an automobile seat shell and a surface coating material subsequently.
In the experimental example, the heat-conducting filler is AlN @ Al prepared in the experiment2O3/α-Al2O3The heat-conducting composite powder of/h-BN, the impact-resistant filler is glass powder, and the flow assistant is nano-silicon dioxide (nano-SiO)2) The antioxidant is antioxidant 168, the stabilizer is light stabilizer, namely ultraviolet absorbent, and the coupling agent is silane coupling agent.
Example 6
(1) 100 parts by mass of TPU powder, 30 parts by mass of heat-conducting filler, 10 parts by mass of impact-resistant filler, 5 parts by mass of flow aid, 2 parts by mass of antioxidant, 1 part by mass of stabilizer and 2 parts by mass of coupling agent are put into a high-speed mixer and mixed for 30min at a speed of 1200 r/min.
(2) The SLS molding standard test piece has the molding technological parameters as follows: the printing temperature is set to 130 ℃, the scanning speed is 9000mm/s, the laser power is 30W, the powder spreading thickness is 0.25mm, and the scanning distance is 0.13 mm.
(3) And (4) carrying out performance test on the standard test piece formed by the SLS. The method comprises the steps of mechanical property testing and heat conducting property testing.
(4) The SLS molding automobile seat liner material has the molding technological parameters as follows: the printing temperature is 130 ℃, the scanning speed is 9000mm/s, the laser power is 30W, the powder spreading thickness is 0.25mm, and the scanning distance is 0.13 mm.
(5) The molded automobile seat liner material is subjected to powder cleaning, sand blasting, coloring and the like, and can be assembled into a complete automobile seat with an automobile seat shell and a surface coating material subsequently.
In the experimental example, the heat-conducting filler is AlN @ Al prepared in the experiment2O3/α-Al2O3The heat-conducting composite powder of/h-BN, the impact-resistant filler is glass powder, and the flow assistant is nano-silicon dioxide (nano-SiO)2) The antioxidant is antioxidant 168, the stabilizer is light stabilizer, namely ultraviolet absorbent, and the coupling agent is silane coupling agent.
Example 7
(1) 100 parts by mass of TPU powder, 30 parts by mass of heat-conducting filler, 10 parts by mass of impact-resistant filler, 5 parts by mass of flow aid, 2 parts by mass of antioxidant, 1 part by mass of stabilizer and 2 parts by mass of coupling agent are put into a high-speed mixer and mixed for 30min at a speed of 1200 r/min.
(2) The SLS molding standard test piece has the molding technological parameters as follows: the printing temperature is set to be 140 ℃, the scanning speed is 9000mm/s, the laser power is 40W, the powder spreading thickness is 0.15mm, and the scanning distance is 0.28 mm.
(3) And (4) carrying out performance test on the standard test piece formed by the SLS. The method comprises the steps of mechanical property testing and heat conducting property testing.
(4) The SLS molding automobile seat liner material has the molding technological parameters as follows: the printing temperature is 140 ℃, the scanning speed is 9000mm/s, the laser power is 40W, the powder spreading thickness is 0.15mm, and the scanning distance is 0.28 mm.
(5) The molded automobile seat liner material is subjected to powder cleaning, sand blasting, coloring and the like, and can be assembled into a complete automobile seat with an automobile seat shell and a surface coating material subsequently.
In the experimental example, the heat-conducting filler is AlN @ Al prepared in the experiment2O3/α-Al2O3The heat-conducting composite powder of/h-BN, the impact-resistant filler is glass powder, and the flow assistant is nano-silicon dioxide (nano-SiO)2) The antioxidant is antioxidant 168, the stabilizer is light stabilizer, namely ultraviolet absorbent, and the coupling agent is silane coupling agent.
Example 8
(1) 100 parts by mass of TPU powder, 30 parts by mass of heat-conducting filler, 10 parts by mass of impact-resistant filler, 5 parts by mass of flow aid, 2 parts by mass of antioxidant, 1 part by mass of stabilizer and 2 parts by mass of coupling agent are put into a high-speed mixer and mixed for 30min at a speed of 1200 r/min.
(2) The SLS molding standard test piece has the molding technological parameters as follows: the printing temperature is set to be 140 ℃, the scanning speed is 10000mm/s, the laser power is 35W, the powder spreading thickness is 0.15mm, and the scanning distance is 0.25 mm.
(3) And (4) carrying out performance test on the standard test piece formed by the SLS. The method comprises the steps of mechanical property testing and heat conducting property testing.
(4) The SLS molding automobile seat liner material has the molding technological parameters as follows: printing temperature is 140 ℃, scanning speed is 10000mm/s, laser power is 35W, powder spreading thickness is 0.15mm, and scanning distance is 0.25 mm.
(5) The molded automobile seat liner material is subjected to powder cleaning, sand blasting, coloring and the like, and can be assembled into a complete automobile seat with an automobile seat shell and a surface coating material subsequently.
In the experimental example, the heat-conducting filler is AlN @ Al prepared in the experiment2O3/α-Al2O3The heat-conducting composite powder of/h-BN, the impact-resistant filler is glass powder, and the flow assistant is nano-silicon dioxide (nano-SiO)2) The antioxidant is antioxidant 168, the stabilizer is light stabilizer, namely ultraviolet absorbent, and the coupling agent is silane coupling agent.
Example 9
(1) 100 parts by mass of TPU powder, 30 parts by mass of heat-conducting filler, 10 parts by mass of impact-resistant filler, 5 parts by mass of flow aid, 2 parts by mass of antioxidant, 1 part by mass of stabilizer and 2 parts by mass of coupling agent are put into a high-speed mixer and mixed for 30min at a speed of 1200 r/min.
(2) The SLS molding standard test piece has the molding technological parameters as follows: the printing temperature is set to 150 ℃, the scanning speed is 10000mm/s, the laser power is 15W, the powder spreading thickness is 0.25mm, and the scanning distance is 0.30 mm.
(3) And (4) carrying out performance test on the standard test piece formed by the SLS. The method comprises the steps of mechanical property testing and heat conducting property testing.
(4) The SLS molding automobile instrument seat liner material has the molding technological parameters as follows: printing temperature 150 ℃, scanning speed 10000mm/s, laser power 15W, powder spreading thickness 0.25mm, and scanning interval 0.30 mm.
(5) The molded automobile seat liner material is subjected to powder cleaning, sand blasting, coloring and the like, and can be assembled into a complete automobile seat with an automobile seat shell and a surface coating material subsequently.
In the experimental example, the heat-conducting filler is AlN @ Al prepared in the experiment2O3/α-Al2O3The heat-conducting composite powder of/h-BN, the impact-resistant filler is glass powder, and the flow assistant is nano-silicon dioxide (nano-SiO)2) The antioxidant is antioxidant 168, the stabilizer is light stabilizer, namely ultraviolet absorbent, and the coupling agent is silane coupling agent.
Example 10
(1) 100 parts by mass of TPU powder, 30 parts by mass of heat-conducting filler, 10 parts by mass of impact-resistant filler, 5 parts by mass of flow aid, 2 parts by mass of antioxidant, 1 part by mass of stabilizer and 2 parts by mass of coupling agent are put into a high-speed mixer and mixed for 30min at a speed of 1200 r/min.
(2) The SLS molding standard test piece has the molding technological parameters as follows: the printing temperature is set to 150 ℃, the scanning speed is 11000mm/s, the laser power is 40W, the powder spreading thickness is 0.25mm, and the scanning interval is 0.15 mm.
(3) And (4) carrying out performance test on the standard test piece formed by the SLS. The method comprises the steps of mechanical property testing and heat conducting property testing.
(4) The SLS molding automobile seat liner material has the molding technological parameters as follows: the printing temperature is 150 ℃, the scanning speed is 11000mm/s, the laser power is 40W, the powder spreading thickness is 0.25mm, and the scanning interval is 0.15 mm.
(5) The molded automobile seat liner material is subjected to powder cleaning, sand blasting, coloring and the like, and can be assembled into a complete automobile seat with an automobile seat shell and a surface coating material subsequently.
In the experimental example, the heat-conducting filler is AlN @ Al prepared in the experiment2O3/α-Al2O3The heat-conducting composite powder of/h-BN, the impact-resistant filler is glass powder, and the flow assistant is nano-silicon dioxide (nano-SiO)2) The antioxidant is antioxidant 168, the stabilizer is light stabilizer, namely ultraviolet absorbent, and the coupling agent is silane coupling agent.
Example 11
(1) 100 parts by mass of TPU powder, 30 parts by mass of heat-conducting filler, 10 parts by mass of impact-resistant filler, 5 parts by mass of flow aid, 2 parts by mass of antioxidant, 1 part by mass of stabilizer and 2 parts by mass of coupling agent are put into a high-speed mixer and mixed for 30min at a speed of 1200 r/min.
(2) The SLS molding standard test piece has the molding technological parameters as follows: the printing temperature is set to be 140 ℃, the scanning speed is 11000mm/s, the laser power is 45W, the powder spreading thickness is 0.10mm, and the scanning interval is 0.15 mm.
(3) And (4) carrying out performance test on the standard test piece formed by the SLS. The method comprises the steps of mechanical property testing and heat conducting property testing.
(4) The SLS molding automobile seat liner material has the molding technological parameters as follows: the printing temperature is 140 ℃, the scanning speed is 11000mm/s, the laser power is 45W, the powder spreading thickness is 0.10mm, and the scanning interval is 0.15 mm.
(5) The molded automobile seat liner material is subjected to powder cleaning, sand blasting, coloring and the like, and can be assembled into a complete automobile seat with an automobile seat shell and a surface coating material subsequently.
In the experimental example, the heat-conducting filler is AlN @ Al prepared in the experiment2O3/α-Al2O3The heat-conducting composite powder of/h-BN, the impact-resistant filler is glass powder, and the flow assistant is nano-silicon dioxide (nano-SiO)2) The antioxidant is antioxidant 168, the stabilizer is light stabilizer, namely ultraviolet absorbent, and the coupling agent is silane coupling agent.
Example 12
(1) 100 parts by mass of TPU powder, 30 parts by mass of heat-conducting filler, 10 parts by mass of impact-resistant filler, 5 parts by mass of flow aid, 2 parts by mass of antioxidant, 1 part by mass of stabilizer and 2 parts by mass of coupling agent are put into a high-speed mixer and mixed for 30min at a speed of 1200 r/min.
(2) The SLS molding standard test piece has the molding technological parameters as follows: the printing temperature is set to be 140 ℃, the scanning speed is 12000mm/s, the laser power is 15W, the powder spreading thickness is 0.30mm, and the scanning interval is 0.30 mm.
(3) And (4) carrying out performance test on the standard test piece formed by the SLS. The method comprises the steps of mechanical property testing and heat conducting property testing.
(4) The SLS molding automobile seat liner material has the molding technological parameters as follows: the printing temperature is 140 ℃, the scanning speed is 12000mm/s, the laser power is 15W, the powder spreading thickness is 0.30mm, and the scanning interval is 0.30 mm.
(5) The molded automobile seat liner material is subjected to powder cleaning, sand blasting, coloring and the like, and can be assembled into a complete automobile seat with an automobile seat shell and a surface coating material subsequently.
In the experimental example, the heat-conducting filler is AlN @ Al prepared in the experiment2O3/α-Al2O3The heat-conducting composite powder of/h-BN, the impact-resistant filler is glass powder, and the flow assistant is nano-silicon dioxide (nano-SiO)2) The antioxidant is antioxidant 168, the stabilizer is light stabilizer, namely ultraviolet absorbent, and the coupling agent is silane coupling agent.
Effect verification
The SLS samples obtained by performing the performance tests of examples 1 to 12 described above according to the following criteria are shown in Table 1 for the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity.
The impact strength was tested according to GB/T1043-93. The length of the sample is 80mm, the width is 10mm, and the gap is an I-shaped gap of 0.25 mm.
The tensile test of the bars was carried out according to GB/T1040-92. The test sample is a dumbbell type sample, the total length of the sample is 75mm, the distance between clamps is 50mm, the gauge length is 20mm, and the stretching speed is 50 mm/min.
According to ASTM D5470 standard, the thermal conductivity is measured by a thermal conductivity measuring instrument, and the test temperature is 25 ℃ for testing a block-shaped part with the specification of 1.5mm multiplied by 1.5 mm.
All samples were thermostated at 25 ℃ for 24 hours before testing. The test temperature was 25 ℃.
TABLE 1 results of mechanical Properties test of standard samples of examples
NB: the test piece shows that the impact strength value is large, the standard test piece is not damaged, and the fracture does not occur.
The invention has many applications, and the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the invention. It should be noted that the above examples are only for illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these modifications are to be considered within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a 3D of flexible heat conduction car seat liner material of TPU prints manufacturing process which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting industrial grade 3D printing Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) equipment suitable for polymer materials for molding;
(2) designing a TPU flexible heat-conducting automobile seat cushion material three-dimensional hollow model, converting the model into an STL file format, carrying out cross section slicing and segmentation on the STL file, and importing the STL file into an SLS computer-aided system;
(3) preparing functional TPU composite powder with good heat-conducting property;
(4) setting SLS technological parameters, wherein the printing temperature is 110-150 ℃, the scanning speed is 6000 mm/s-12000 mm/s, the laser power is 15-45W, the powder spreading thickness is 0.10-0.30 mm, and the scanning interval is 0.08-0.30 mm;
(5) functional TPU composite powder with good heat conductivity is filled into SLS equipment, and a standard test piece is formed through an SLS process;
(6) carrying out performance tests on the formed standard test piece, wherein the performance tests comprise a mechanical performance test and a heat conduction performance test;
(7) the SLS molding TPU flexible heat-conducting automobile seat liner material is subjected to powder cleaning, sand blasting, coloring and other treatments on the SLS molded heat-conducting automobile seat liner material, and can be assembled into a complete automobile seat with an automobile seat shell and a surface coating material in a follow-up manner.
2. The 3D printing manufacturing process of the TPU flexible heat-conducting automobile seat cushion material as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the functional TPU composite powder with good heat conductivity comprises the following components:
(1) 100 parts of TPU powder;
(2) 10-50 parts by mass of a heat-conducting filler, preferably 10-30 parts by mass;
(3) 10-40 parts by mass of impact-resistant filler, preferably 10-20 parts by mass;
(4) 2-15 parts by mass of a flow aid, preferably 2-10 parts by mass;
(5) 0.1 to 3 parts by mass of a stabilizer, preferably 0.1 to 1.5 parts by mass;
(6) 2-10 parts by mass of an antioxidant, preferably 2-5 parts by mass;
(7) 2-10 parts by mass of a coupling agent, preferably 2-5 parts by mass;
the preparation method of the functional TPU composite powder with good heat conductivity is characterized in that the functional TPU composite powder with good heat conductivity is obtained by adding the components into a high-speed mixer in proportion and mechanically mixing for 10-50 min.
3. The 3D printing manufacturing process of the TPU flexible heat-conducting automobile seat cushion material as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the automobile seat cushion material comprises a headrest material, a backrest material and a cushion material, and is a flexible material taking TPU as a main raw material and has a hollow structure.
4. The 3D printing manufacturing process of the TPU flexible heat-conducting automobile seat cushion material as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the heat-conducting filler is aluminum (Al) or spherical alpha-phase aluminum oxide (alpha-Al)2O3) Aluminum nitride (AlN), aluminum oxide-coated aluminum nitride (AlN @ Al)2O3) One or more of zinc oxide (ZnO), silicon carbide (SiC), magnesium oxide (MgO) and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) powder.
5. The 3D printing manufacturing process of the TPU flexible heat-conducting automobile seat cushion material as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the impact-resistant filler is glass fiber (Fibreglass), Mica powder (Mica), aluminum powder (Al) and nano-silica (nano-SiO)2) And Glass powder (Glass power).
6. The 3D printing manufacturing process of the TPU flexible heat-conducting automobile seat cushion material as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the flow auxiliary agent is nano silicon dioxide (nano-SiO)2) Nano alumina (nano-Al)2O3) Nano-calcium oxide (nano-CaO), nano-titanium oxide (nano-TiO)2) And one or more of nano silicon carbide (nano-SiC) powder.
7. The 3D printing manufacturing process of the TPU flexible heat-conducting automobile seat cushion material as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the coupling agent is one or more of silane coupling agent, titanic acid coupling agent and chromium complex coupling agent.
8. The 3D printing manufacturing process of the TPU flexible heat-conducting automobile seat cushion material as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the stabilizer is one or more of a heat stabilizer and a light stabilizer.
9. The 3D printing manufacturing process of the TPU flexible heat-conducting automobile seat cushion material as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the antioxidant is one or more of antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 168, antioxidant 264 and antioxidant 1076.
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| CN113549318A (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-10-26 | 华东理工大学 | Special powder for 3D printing of automobile heat-conducting seat lining material and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20211130 |