CN113707844B - Negative electrode plate and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Negative electrode plate and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113707844B CN113707844B CN202110975886.1A CN202110975886A CN113707844B CN 113707844 B CN113707844 B CN 113707844B CN 202110975886 A CN202110975886 A CN 202110975886A CN 113707844 B CN113707844 B CN 113707844B
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006256 anode slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 description 2
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006245 Carbon black Super-P Substances 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009831 deintercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
- H01M4/0404—Methods of deposition of the material by coating on electrode collectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/133—Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1391—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1393—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention provides a negative electrode plate, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the negative electrode plate comprises a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode material layer arranged on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector, and the coating density PD, the material granularity D50 and the coating surface density rho of the negative electrode material layer satisfy the following relations: pd=1.7-2.1×ρ/(220+d50). The negative electrode plate has good power performance and energy density.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of lithium ion batteries, and relates to a negative electrode plate, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Compared with the traditional pure electric batteries, the hybrid power type batteries are more heavier than the energy density, and particularly in terms of energy feedback, the peak charging power requirements of the batteries are higher.
CN107230774a discloses a negative electrode sheet and a lithium ion battery. The negative electrode plate comprises a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode diaphragm. The negative electrode membrane is formed on one side or two sides of the negative electrode current collector. The negative electrode film sheet includes: an inner active material layer which is positioned on the negative electrode current collector and adjacent to the negative electrode current collector and contains a negative electrode active material capable of desorbing lithium ions; and an outer functional layer on the inner active material layer and on a side of the negative electrode membrane furthest from the negative electrode current collector, the outer functional layer including Super-P and a binder and not containing a negative electrode active material capable of deintercalating lithium ions. The negative electrode plate has higher power performance but lower energy density.
CN103367714 discloses a graphite negative electrode piece for lithium ion battery and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: providing a graphite negative electrode plate, wherein the graphite negative electrode plate comprises a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode diaphragm which is closely formed on the negative electrode current collector and contains active substance graphite; treating a graphite negative electrode piece through a strong-oxidability spray box; enabling the graphite negative electrode piece treated by the strong-oxidability spray box to pass through a high-temperature high-humidity box; making the graphite negative electrode piece subjected to high-temperature and high-humidity treatment pass through a vacuum box body; processing the vacuumized graphite negative electrode piece through a lithium carbonate spray box; the graphite negative electrode piece treated by the lithium carbonate spray tank is treated by a blast high-temperature high-humidity tank; and drying the graphite negative electrode plate processed by the blast high-temperature high-humidity box through a drying oven, wherein the negative electrode plate prepared by the method has higher energy density, better cycle performance and poorer power performance.
The above solution has a problem of low energy density or low power density, so it is necessary to develop a negative electrode sheet that combines energy density and power density.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a negative electrode plate, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the negative electrode plate comprises a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode material layer arranged on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector, and the coating density PD, the material granularity D50 and the coating surface density rho of the negative electrode material layer satisfy the following relations: pd=1.7-2.1×ρ/(220+d50). The negative electrode plate has good power performance and energy density.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a negative electrode sheet, where the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode material layer disposed on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector, and a coating density PD, a material granularity D50, and a coating surface density ρ of the negative electrode material layer satisfy the relationship: pd=1.7-2.1×ρ/(220+d50).
In the above formula, PD is coating density=coating surface density of material layer/thickness of material layer;
the granularity of the material is the granularity of the anode active material;
the thickness test method of the material layer comprises the following steps: the thickness of the pole piece after cold pressing is tested by a ten-thousandth ruler, and the thickness of the base material is subtracted to obtain the thickness of the material layer;
the method for testing the density of the coating surface of the material layer comprises the following steps: the balance tests the weight of the pole piece with a specific area, subtracts the weight of the base material to obtain the coating weight of the material layer, and divides the coating weight by the area to obtainTo the coating areal density of the material layer. PD has the unit of g/cm 3 The unit of the coating surface density ρ is g/m 2 The unit of the granularity D50 of the cathode material is mu m, and the unit is not counted in the calculation process, namely, only a numerical value is adopted in the calculation. Exemplary, when ρ is 40g/m 2 When D50 is 8 μm, ρ corresponds to a value of 40 and D50 corresponds to a value of 8, then pd=1.7-2.1×40/(220+8) =1.33, i.e. PD is 1.33g/cm 3 。
The traditional pure electric battery generally selects high compaction density, high granularity of the cathode material and high surface density, so that high energy density is obtained, but power density is sacrificed; the hybrid power type battery is characterized in that the battery is selected to have low coating density, small material granularity and low surface density, so that high power density is obtained, but energy density is low, wherein the key is to maintain the balance of the coating density, the material granularity and the surface density so as to obtain optimal power performance.
Preferably, the coating surface density rho of the anode material layer is 32-44 g/m 2 For example: 32g/m 2 、34g/m 2 、36g/m 2 、38g/m 2 、40g/m 2 、42g/m 2 Or 44g/m 2 Etc.
Preferably, the negative electrode material particle size D50 is 5 to 12 μm, for example: 5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm, 10 μm, 11 μm or 12 μm, etc.
Preferably, the coating density PD is 1.29-1.41 g/cm 3 For example: 1.29g/cm 3 、1.3g/cm 3 、1.33g/cm 3 、1.35g/cm 3 、1.37g/cm 3 、1.39g/cm 3 Or 1.41g/cm 3 Etc.
Preferably, the anode material layer includes an active material.
Preferably, the active material comprises artificial graphite, natural graphite, hard carbon, lithium titanate, soft carbon, or SiO x Any one or a combination of at least two of the above, wherein x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 2.
Preferably, the active substance further comprises a doping element and/or a cladding element.
Preferably, the doping element includes a metal element and/or a nonmetallic element.
Preferably, the cladding element includes a metallic element and/or a nonmetallic element.
Preferably, the negative electrode material layer includes a conductive agent and a binder.
Preferably, the conductive agent includes any one or a combination of at least two of carbon black, conductive graphite, carbon fiber, carbon nanotube, graphene or ketjen black.
Preferably, the adhesive comprises any one or a combination of at least two of polyvinylidene fluoride, styrene-butadiene rubber, acrylic resin, sodium alginate or polyvinyl alcohol.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the negative electrode sheet according to the first aspect, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) Mixing the anode active material, auxiliary materials and a solvent to obtain anode slurry;
(2) And (3) coating the negative electrode slurry obtained in the step (1) on a current collector to obtain a negative electrode plate.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a lithium ion battery comprising a negative electrode tab according to the first aspect.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the invention, the relationship among the coating density PD of the anode material layer, the material granularity D50 and the coating surface density rho of the anode material layer is controlled, so that the anode pole piece with both high energy density and power density can be manufactured.
(2) The direct current internal resistance of the battery cell prepared by using the negative electrode plate can reach below … mohm, and the peak discharge power can reach above … W.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described by the following specific embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the examples are merely to aid in understanding the invention and are not to be construed as a specific limitation thereof.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a negative electrode plate, which is prepared by the following steps:
(1) Mixing 30kg of artificial graphite, 0.56kg of carbon black, 0.14kg of polyvinylidene fluoride, 7.79kg of acrylic resin and 17.58kg of water to obtain a negative electrode slurry;
(2) The density rho of the coating surface is set to 40g/m 2 The granularity D50 of the cathode material is 8 mu m, and the coating density PD is 1.33g/cm 3 And (3) coating the negative electrode slurry obtained in the step (1) on a current collector to obtain a negative electrode plate.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a negative electrode plate, which is prepared by the following steps:
(1) Mixing 30kg of artificial graphite (soft carbon coated), 0.56kg of conductive carbon black, 0.14kg of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 7.79kg of acrylic resin and 17.58kg of water to obtain a negative electrode slurry;
(2) The density rho of the coating surface is set to 36g/m 2 The granularity D50 of the cathode material is 10 mu m, and the coating density PD is 1.37g/cm 3 And (3) coating the negative electrode slurry obtained in the step (1) on a current collector to obtain a negative electrode plate.
Example 3
This example differs from example 1 only in that the coating surface density ρ is set to 32g/m 2 The coating density PD was 1.41g/cm 3 Other conditions and parameters were exactly the same as in example 1.
Example 4
This example differs from example 1 only in that the coating surface density ρ is set to 44g/m 2 The coating density PD was 1.29g/cm 3 Other conditions and parameters were exactly the same as in example 1.
Example 5
This example differs from example 1 only in that the anode material particle size D50 was set to 2 μm and the coating density PD was 1.32g/cm 3 Other stripsThe parts and parameters are exactly the same as in example 1.
Example 6
This example differs from example 1 only in that the anode material particle size D50 was set to 12 μm and the coating density PD was 1.34g/cm 3 Other conditions and parameters were exactly the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example differs from example 1 only in that the coating surface density ρ was set to 30g/m 2 The granularity D50 of the cathode material is set to be 14 mu m, and the coating density PD is 1.43g/cm 3 Other conditions and parameters were exactly the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example differs from example 1 only in that the coating surface density ρ was set to 45g/m 2 The granularity D50 of the cathode material is set to be 3 mu m, and the coating density PD is 1.28g/cm 3 Other conditions and parameters were exactly the same as in example 1.
Performance test:
and (3) preparing the negative electrode pieces obtained in the examples 1-6 and the comparative examples 1-2 into a battery cell, discharging the battery cell at a current of 250A for 10s under a 50% SOC, and recording an initial voltage V0 and an end voltage V1 to obtain the battery cell direct current internal resistance (DCR) = (V0-V1)/250 x 1000mohm, wherein the battery cell is tested to meet the discharge requirement for 10s under the 50% SOC, and the discharge end voltage is more than or equal to the peak discharge power of the cut-off voltage. The test results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the DC internal resistance of the battery cell prepared by using the negative electrode plate of the invention can reach below 2.12mohm, and the peak discharge power can reach above 1015. W.
As can be seen from a comparison of example 1 and examples 3-4, the coating surface density influences the productionThe performance of the negative pole piece is obtained, and the density of the coating surface is controlled to be 32-44 g/m 2 The negative electrode plate with better power density and energy density can be prepared.
As can be seen from the comparison of examples 1 and examples 5 to 6, the granularity D50 of the negative electrode material affects the performance of the prepared negative electrode sheet, and the negative electrode sheet with better power density and energy density can be prepared by controlling the granularity D50 of the negative electrode material to be 5-12 mu m.
As can be seen from the comparison of example 1 and comparative examples 1-2, the coating density PD of the negative electrode sheet according to the present invention is controlled to be 1.29-1.41 g/cm 3 The power density and the energy density of the negative pole piece can be greatly improved.
The applicant declares that the above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that any changes or substitutions that are easily conceivable within the technical scope of the present invention disclosed by the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention and the disclosure.
Claims (11)
1. The negative electrode plate is characterized by comprising a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode material layer arranged on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector, wherein the coating density PD, the material granularity D50 and the coating surface density rho of the negative electrode material layer satisfy the following relations: PD=1.7-2.1 ρ/(220+D50), the coating surface density ρ of the negative electrode material layer is 32-44 g/m 2 The granularity D50 of the cathode material is 5-12 mu m, and the coating density PD is 1.29-1.41 g/cm 3 。
2. The negative electrode tab of claim 1, wherein the negative electrode material layer comprises an active material.
3. The negative electrode sheet according to claim 2, wherein the active material comprises artificial graphite, natural graphite, hard carbon, lithium titanate, soft carbon, or SiO x Any one or a combination of at least two of the above, wherein x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 2.
4. The negative electrode tab of claim 2, wherein the active material further comprises a doping element and/or a cladding element.
5. The negative electrode tab of claim 4 wherein the doping element comprises a metallic element and/or a non-metallic element.
6. The negative electrode tab of claim 4 wherein the cladding element comprises a metallic element and/or a nonmetallic element.
7. The negative electrode tab of claim 1, wherein the negative electrode material layer comprises a conductive agent and an adhesive.
8. The negative electrode sheet of claim 7, wherein the conductive agent comprises any one or a combination of at least two of carbon black, conductive graphite, carbon fiber, carbon nanotubes, or graphene.
9. The negative electrode tab of claim 7, wherein the binder comprises any one or a combination of at least two of polyvinylidene fluoride, styrene-butadiene rubber, acrylic resin, sodium alginate, or polyvinyl alcohol.
10. A method of producing the negative electrode sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
(1) Mixing the anode active material, auxiliary materials and a solvent to obtain anode slurry;
(2) And (3) coating the negative electrode slurry obtained in the step (1) on a current collector to obtain a negative electrode plate.
11. A lithium ion battery comprising the negative electrode sheet according to any one of claims 1-9.
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