CN113705125A - CFD simulation analysis method for local wind field of high-rise building - Google Patents
CFD simulation analysis method for local wind field of high-rise building Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a CFD simulation analysis method for a local wind field of a high-rise building, belonging to the technical field of building environment and energy application; according to the method, simulation analysis is carried out outside building groups with different layouts based on CFD software, and the possibility of seasonal wind optimization in the design stage of a high-rise building is analyzed; in the research process, the wind environment of the building is optimized from multiple angles of the building density on the windward side, the building coverage rate and the like, and the comfort level of people to the environment, the relation between the size of the indexes and the comfort level, the important sequence and relation of various indexes and the application range are analyzed; the simulation analysis method provided by the invention can obtain the optimal geometric design and arrangement mode of the wind environment building group in the region, can find out the defects of the wind environment building group, and provides an optimization and solution scheme.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building environment and energy application, in particular to a CFD simulation analysis method for a local wind field of a high-rise building.
Background
In recent years, along with the development of economy in China, the scale of cities is continuously expanded, various buildings, particularly a large number of high-rise buildings are built, the outdoor wind environment of the buildings is concerned more and more, and the main problems are as follows: the high-rise building can change urban air ducts, so that the narrow tube effect is intensified, adverse conditions such as local strong wind, vortex and the like are formed at narrow passages, overhead floors and building corners, in addition, the high-rise building can also induce high-altitude high-speed airflow to the ground, particularly at the building corners, the flow is accelerated, and standing vortex is formed in front of the building, so that the high-altitude wind environment of pedestrians around the building is worsened, and even the safety of the pedestrians is threatened. Therefore, the outdoor wind environment problem of the high-rise building directly influences the living comfort of people. Due to a plurality of influence factors of the outdoor wind environment of the high-rise building, not only the building function and the aesthetic requirement are considered, but also the harmony between the building and the environment is concerned. The winter cold wind in cold areas can be separated through reasonable building layout, discomfort caused by local strong wind around high-rise building groups to pedestrians is prevented, natural ventilation efficiency in the residential area is promoted, and a comfortable and healthy wind environment is provided for people. In view of the above, we propose a high-rise building local wind field CFD simulation analysis method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to simulate the surrounding wind environment of a high-rise building based on the basic principle of computational fluid dynamics, study the local outdoor wind environment distribution condition of the high-rise building, analyze and evaluate according to a green building evaluation system and related conclusions, and provide reference and theoretical basis for improving the comfort of the outdoor activity space of the high-rise building according to the study result.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a CFD simulation analysis method for a local wind field of a high-rise building comprises the following steps:
s1, consulting documents, standardizing and researching, sorting and analyzing wind and weather data of domestic and foreign related wind environment problems, and summarizing the type of a wind field of a high-rise building group, factors influencing the wind environment comfort level of the high-rise building and evaluation standards;
s2, collecting the maximum wind direction average wind speed data in summer and winter in the experimental area, and recording and sorting the collected data;
s3, constructing a local wind field numerical calculation model by combining the layout condition of the high-rise building in the experimental area based on a computational fluid mechanics method, substituting the data obtained in S2 into the local wind field numerical calculation model for numerical simulation calculation, and constructing a simulated building group wind field;
s4, comparing the obtained simulated building group wind field data with the high-rise building group wind field types summarized and obtained in S1, and evaluating the wind environment of the experimental area by combining the evaluation standard in S1;
s5, under the principle that the outdoor wind field is not influenced, geometric model adjustment and simplification are carried out on the CFD physical model constructed in the S3 through computer simulation software, and changes of the wind environment of the building group are monitored;
s6, repeating the operation in S5, researching and analyzing the change situation of the wind environment to obtain an optimal building layout scheme, and summarizing and inducing to obtain a general rule of the change of the wind environment;
and S7, comprehensively considering and analyzing the operations in S1-S6, sorting to obtain a CFD simulation analysis method of the local wind field of the high-rise building, and providing a layout optimization scheme and preventive measures of the high-rise building in the experimental area according to the general rule summarized in S6.
Preferably, the factors of the wind environment comfort of the high-rise building mentioned in S1 include wind speed, building density on the windward side, building construction angle and building coverage.
Preferably, the constructing of the local wind farm numerical calculation model mentioned in S3 is performed by using a fluent based on a finite statistic method in ANSYS as a data simulation, and the constructing method specifically includes the following steps:
a1, dividing the calculation area of the high-rise building into a plurality of grids, and enabling points on each grid to have a control body which is not repeated;
and A2, performing integral operation on each control volume to obtain a group of discrete computational fluid mechanics basic control equations.
Preferably, the fluid mechanics basic control equation is a continuity equation, a momentum equation and an energy equation of fluid mechanics, and is expressed in a tensor form in a rectangular coordinate system as shown in the following formula:
in the formula: ρ is the fluid density; t is time; u. ofiIs the velocity component; i can take values of 1, 2 and 3 to represent three spatial directions; f is the external force applied to the unit mass of the fluid; sigmaijIs a component of the fluid viscous stress tensor; e is the internal energy of the fluid per unit mass; q is the amount of heat exchanged per unit time between a unit area of a solid surface and a fluid.
Preferably, after the CDF physical model mentioned in S5 is adjusted and simplified, the building group wind environment numerical simulation calculation is performed by using a readable K-epsilon model, and the transportation equation of the turbulence kinetic energy and dissipation rate is shown as follows:
in the formula: k is the turbulent kinetic energy; μ is the kinetic viscosity; mu.stTurbulent viscosity; sigmaKIs the prandtl number of turbulent kinetic energy; gKIs due to the turbulent kinetic energy generation caused by the average velocity gradient; gbThe turbulent kinetic energy caused by the influence of buoyancy is generated; epsilon is the turbulence dissipation ratio; y isMThe influence of compressible turbulent pulsating expansion on the total dissipation ratio; sigmaεPrandtl number, which is the turbulence dissipation ratio;
default value in program is C2＝1.9、C1ε＝1.44、C3ε0.09; e is the total energy.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a CFD simulation analysis method for a local wind field of a high-rise building, which has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the method, simulation analysis is carried out outside building groups with different layouts based on CFD software, and the possibility of seasonal wind optimization in the design stage of a high-rise building is analyzed;
(2) in the research process, the invention optimizes from a plurality of angles such as windward building density, building coverage rate and the like, analyzes indexes in the building wind environment which can influence the comfort degree of people to the environment, the relation between the index size and the comfort degree, the important sequence and relation of various indexes and the application range;
(3) the simulation analysis method provided by the invention can obtain the optimal geometric design and arrangement mode of the wind environment building group in the region, can find out the defects of the wind environment building group, and provides an optimization and solution scheme.
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Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for analyzing a local wind field CFD simulation of a high-rise building according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1 and 1, a method for CFD simulation analysis of a local wind field of a high-rise building is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, consulting documents, standardizing and researching, sorting and analyzing wind and weather data of domestic and foreign related wind environment problems, and summarizing the type of a wind field of a high-rise building group, factors influencing the wind environment comfort level of the high-rise building and evaluation standards;
the wind environment comfort factor of the high-rise building mentioned in S1 includes wind speed, building density on the windward side, building construction angle and building coverage.
S2, collecting the maximum wind direction average wind speed data in summer and winter in the experimental area, and recording and sorting the collected data;
s3, constructing a local wind field numerical calculation model by combining the layout condition of the high-rise building in the experimental area based on a computational fluid mechanics method, substituting the data obtained in S2 into the local wind field numerical calculation model for numerical simulation calculation, and constructing a simulated building group wind field;
the construction of the local wind field numerical calculation model mentioned in the step S3 is performed by taking fluent based on a finite statistic method in ANSYS as data simulation work, and the construction method specifically comprises the following steps:
a1, dividing the calculation area of the high-rise building into a plurality of grids, and enabling points on each grid to have a control body which is not repeated;
and A2, performing integral operation on each control volume to obtain a group of discrete computational fluid mechanics basic control equations.
The fluid mechanics basic control equation is a continuity equation, a momentum equation and an energy equation of fluid mechanics, and is expressed in a tensor form in a rectangular coordinate system as shown in the following formula:
in the formula: ρ is the fluid density; t is time; u. ofiIs the velocity component; i can take values of 1, 2 and 3 to represent three spatial directions; f is the external force applied to the unit mass of the fluid; sigmaijIs a component of the fluid viscous stress tensor; e is the internal energy of the fluid per unit mass; q is the amount of heat exchanged per unit time between a unit area of a solid surface and a fluid.
S4, comparing the obtained simulated building group wind field data with the high-rise building group wind field types summarized and obtained in S1, and evaluating the wind environment of the experimental area by combining the evaluation standard in S1;
s5, under the principle that the outdoor wind field is not influenced, geometric model adjustment and simplification are carried out on the CFD physical model constructed in the S3 through computer simulation software, and changes of the wind environment of the building group are monitored;
after the CDF physical model mentioned in S5 is adjusted and simplified, the building group wind environment numerical simulation calculation is carried out by adopting a readable K-epsilon model, and the transport equation of the turbulent kinetic energy and the dissipation rate is shown as the following formula:
in the formula: k is the turbulent kinetic energy; μ is the kinetic viscosity; mu.stTurbulent viscosity; sigmaKIs the prandtl number of turbulent kinetic energy; gKIs due to the turbulent kinetic energy generation caused by the average velocity gradient; gbThe turbulent kinetic energy caused by the influence of buoyancy is generated; epsilon is the turbulence dissipation ratio; y isMThe influence of compressible turbulent pulsating expansion on the total dissipation ratio; sigmaεPrandtl number, which is the turbulence dissipation ratio;
default value in program is C2＝1.9、C1ε＝1.44、C3ε＝0.09(ii) a e is the total energy.
S6, repeating the operation in S5, researching and analyzing the change situation of the wind environment to obtain an optimal building layout scheme, and summarizing and inducing to obtain a general rule of the change of the wind environment;
and S7, comprehensively considering and analyzing the operations in S1-S6, sorting to obtain a CFD simulation analysis method of the local wind field of the high-rise building, and providing a layout optimization scheme and preventive measures of the high-rise building in the experimental area according to the general rule summarized in S6.
According to the method, simulation analysis is carried out outside building groups with different layouts based on CFD software, and the possibility of seasonal wind optimization in the design stage of a high-rise building is analyzed; in the research process, the wind environment of the building is optimized from multiple angles of the building density on the windward side, the building coverage rate and the like, and the comfort level of people to the environment, the relation between the size of the indexes and the comfort level, the important sequence and relation of various indexes and the application range are analyzed; the simulation analysis method provided by the invention can obtain the optimal geometric design and arrangement mode of the wind environment building group in the region, can find out the defects of the wind environment building group, and provides an optimization and solution scheme.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical scope of the present invention and the equivalent alternatives or modifications according to the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A CFD simulation analysis method for a local wind field of a high-rise building is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, consulting documents, standardizing and researching, sorting and analyzing wind and weather data of domestic and foreign related wind environment problems, and summarizing the type of a wind field of a high-rise building group, factors influencing the wind environment comfort level of the high-rise building and evaluation standards;
s2, collecting the maximum wind direction average wind speed data in summer and winter in the experimental area, and recording and sorting the collected data;
s3, constructing a local wind field numerical calculation model by combining the layout condition of the high-rise building in the experimental area based on a computational fluid mechanics method, substituting the data obtained in S2 into the local wind field numerical calculation model for numerical simulation calculation, and constructing a simulated building group wind field;
s4, comparing the obtained simulated building group wind field data with the high-rise building group wind field types summarized and obtained in S1, and evaluating the wind environment of the experimental area by combining the evaluation standard in S1;
s5, under the principle that the outdoor wind field is not influenced, geometric model adjustment and simplification are carried out on the CFD physical model constructed in the S3 through computer simulation software, and changes of the wind environment of the building group are monitored;
s6, repeating the operation in S5, researching and analyzing the change situation of the wind environment to obtain an optimal building layout scheme, and summarizing and inducing to obtain a general rule of the change of the wind environment;
and S7, comprehensively considering and analyzing the operations in S1-S6, sorting to obtain a CFD simulation analysis method of the local wind field of the high-rise building, and providing a layout optimization scheme and preventive measures of the high-rise building in the experimental area according to the general rule summarized in S6.
2. The method for CFD simulation analysis of local wind field of high-rise building according to claim 1, wherein the factors of wind environment comfort of high-rise building mentioned in S1 include wind speed, building density on windward side, building construction angle and building coverage.
3. The method for CFD simulation analysis of the local wind farm of the high-rise building according to claim 1, wherein the constructed local wind farm numerical calculation model mentioned in S3 is a finite statistical method-based fluent in ANSYS as a data simulation, and the construction method specifically comprises the following steps:
a1, dividing the calculation area of the high-rise building into a plurality of grids, and enabling points on each grid to have a control body which is not repeated;
and A2, performing integral operation on each control volume to obtain a group of discrete computational fluid mechanics basic control equations.
4. The CFD simulation analysis method for the local wind field of the high-rise building according to claim 2, wherein the fundamental control equations of hydrodynamics are continuity equations, momentum equations and energy equations of hydrodynamics, and the equations are expressed in a tensor form in a rectangular coordinate system as follows:
in the formula: ρ is the fluid density; t is time; u. ofiIs the velocity component; i can take values of 1, 2 and 3 to represent three spatial directions; f is the external force applied to the unit mass of the fluid; sigmaijIs a component of the fluid viscous stress tensor; e is the internal energy of the fluid per unit mass; q is the amount of heat exchanged per unit time between a unit area of a solid surface and a fluid.
5. The method for CFD simulation analysis of the local wind field of the high-rise building according to claim 1, wherein after the CDF physical model mentioned in S5 is adjusted and simplified, the numerical simulation calculation of the wind environment of the building group is performed by using a Realizable K-epsilon model, and the transport equation of the turbulence energy and dissipation rate is shown as the following formula:
in the formula: k is the turbulent kinetic energy; μ is the kinetic viscosity; mu.stTurbulent viscosity; sigmaKIs the prandtl number of turbulent kinetic energy; gKIs due to the turbulent kinetic energy generation caused by the average velocity gradient; gbThe turbulent kinetic energy caused by the influence of buoyancy is generated; epsilon is the turbulence dissipation ratio; y isMThe influence of compressible turbulent pulsating expansion on the total dissipation ratio; sigmaεPrandtl number, which is the turbulence dissipation ratio;
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| CN115618462A (en) * | 2022-10-10 | 2023-01-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Urban block local wind-heat environment coupling prediction method based on reduced scale model physical simulation |
| CN115859765A (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2023-03-28 | 中山大学 | Method, device, equipment and storage medium for predicting city expansion |
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| CN115859765A (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2023-03-28 | 中山大学 | Method, device, equipment and storage medium for predicting city expansion |
| CN115859765B (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2023-12-08 | 中山大学 | Urban expansion prediction method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN115618462A (en) * | 2022-10-10 | 2023-01-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Urban block local wind-heat environment coupling prediction method based on reduced scale model physical simulation |
| CN116151141A (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2023-05-23 | 中广核风电有限公司 | Urban wind environment CFD simulation area selection method and device |
| CN116151141B (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2024-01-30 | 中广核风电有限公司 | Urban wind environment CFD simulation area selection method and device |
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