CN113703788A - System installation method and device - Google Patents

System installation method and device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113703788A
CN113703788A CN202110846918.8A CN202110846918A CN113703788A CN 113703788 A CN113703788 A CN 113703788A CN 202110846918 A CN202110846918 A CN 202110846918A CN 113703788 A CN113703788 A CN 113703788A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
hard disk
server
file
configuration file
drive
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Pending
Application number
CN202110846918.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
夏超
杨明学
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New H3C Technologies Co Ltd Chengdu Branch
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New H3C Technologies Co Ltd Chengdu Branch
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Priority to CN202110846918.8A priority Critical patent/CN113703788A/en
Publication of CN113703788A publication Critical patent/CN113703788A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F8/00—Arrangements for software engineering
    • G06F8/60—Software deployment
    • G06F8/61—Installation
    • G06F8/63—Image based installation; Cloning; Build to order
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
    • G06F9/4401—Bootstrapping
    • G06F9/4406—Loading of operating system

Abstract

The specification provides a system installation method and a system installation device, and relates to the technical field of communication. A system installation method is applied to a server and comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of obtaining a system mirror image comprising a configuration file and a drive file, wherein the configuration file is provided with a blacklist, and the drive file of a RAID card of a server is arranged in the blacklist; a driver file loaded according to the configuration file; identifying a hard disk deployed in a server, and taking the hard disk as a system hard disk; and installing the operating system into the system hard disk according to the system image. By the method, the system hard disk and the data hard disk can be prevented from being used together, and the reliability of the server is improved.

Description

System installation method and device
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a system installation method and apparatus.
Background
As the demand for video storage increases, particularly after video high-definition, the demand for storage capacity of the server also gradually increases. In order to store more videos, more hard disks need to be deployed on the server to expand the storage space of the server. Therefore, in the architecture design of the server, the number of processors can be reduced, and at this time, the system disk needs to be connected to a PCH (Platform Controller Hub), and other data hard Disks are plugged by a RAID (Redundant array of Disks) card connected by a PCIE (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express).
In the process of starting and loading the system image by the server, due to the solidified setting, the component connected with the PCIE is preferentially identified and loaded, so the hard disk connected with the RAID card is preferentially identified and the drive letter is preferentially set. Therefore, the operating system cannot be loaded on the designated system hard disk, the system hard disk and the data hard disk are mixed, and the data hard disk storing the operating system or the RAID card connected with the data hard disk is more likely to have faults due to the continuous writing \ reading of the data hard disk, so that the reliability of the server is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
To overcome the problems in the related art, the present specification provides a system installation method and apparatus.
In combination with the first aspect of the embodiments of the present specification, the present application provides a system installation method, applied to a server, including:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining a system mirror image comprising a configuration file and a drive file, wherein the configuration file is provided with a blacklist, and the drive file of a RAID card of a server is arranged in the blacklist;
a driver file loaded according to the configuration file;
identifying a hard disk deployed in a server, and taking the hard disk as a system hard disk;
and installing the operating system into the system hard disk according to the system image.
Optionally, obtaining a system image including a configuration file and a driver file includes:
and acquiring a system image containing a configuration file and a drive file from a remote device based on the pre-boot execution environment PXE configured by the BIOS.
Optionally, obtaining a system image including a configuration file and a driver file includes:
based on the configuration of the BIOS, a system image containing a configuration file and a drive file is acquired from a storage medium provided in a server.
Optionally, after installing the operating system into the system hard disk according to the system image, the method further includes:
and restarting the server, and starting the server based on the installed operating system.
Further, identifying a hard disk deployed in the server, and using the hard disk as a system hard disk includes:
scanning components arranged in a server;
combining a plurality of hard disks connected with the PCH to form a logic hard disk;
and distributing disk symbols for the logical hard disks according to a preset strategy, and using the logical hard disks as system hard disks.
In combination with the second aspect of the embodiments of the present specification, the present application provides a system installation apparatus, applied to a server, including:
the system comprises an acquisition unit, a storage unit and a processing unit, wherein the acquisition unit is used for acquiring a system mirror image containing a configuration file and a drive file, the configuration file is provided with a blacklist, and the drive file of a disk array RAID card of a server is arranged in the blacklist;
the loading unit is used for loading the drive file according to the configuration file;
the identification unit is used for identifying the hard disk deployed in the server and taking the hard disk as a system hard disk;
and the installation unit is used for installing the operating system into the system hard disk according to the system mirror image.
Optionally, the obtaining unit includes:
the first obtaining module is used for obtaining a system image containing a configuration file and a drive file from a remote device based on a pre-boot execution environment PXE configured by a BIOS.
Optionally, the obtaining unit includes:
and the second acquisition module is used for acquiring the system image containing the configuration file and the drive file from a storage medium arranged in the server based on the configuration of the BIOS.
Optionally, the apparatus further includes:
and the restarting unit is used for restarting the server and starting the server based on the installed operating system.
Further, the identification unit includes:
the scanning module is used for scanning the components arranged in the server;
the merging module is used for merging a plurality of hard disks connected with the PCH to form a logic hard disk;
and the configuration module is used for distributing disk identifiers for the logic hard disk according to a preset strategy and taking the logic hard disk as a system hard disk.
The technical scheme provided by the implementation mode of the specification can have the following beneficial effects:
in the embodiment of the present specification, in the loaded system image, by configuring the blacklist of the drive file, in the process of installing the operating system, the drive file of the RAID card connected under the PCIE is not loaded, and the hard disk configured in another manner is used as the system hard disk, so that the problem that the preset system hard disk and the preset data hard disk are mixed is avoided, and the reliability of the server is improved.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the specification.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present specification and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the specification.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a system installation method to which the present application relates;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a server according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a network including a server according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a server according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another server according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a system installation apparatus according to the present application.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present specification.
The application provides a system installation method, which is applied to a server and comprises the following steps as shown in fig. 1:
s100, acquiring a system mirror image containing a configuration file and a drive file.
As shown in fig. 2, a processor and a PCH chip may be provided in the server, and the processor and the PCH chip may be connected through a DMI (Direct Media Interface) bus and connected to the hard disk through a SATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attachment) bus. Of course, the hard disk may be connected to the hard disk by other bus methods, which is not limited. The server can be a storage device, a fusion device containing a storage function and an operation function, and the like.
On the processor, the processor can also be connected to a RAID card through a PCIE bus, and the RAID card can be considered as an expansion card, and can be expanded to connect to a hard disk through more interfaces. For example, 1 RAID card may be connected to 10 hard disks, where the 10 hard disks are used as data hard disks of the server, and a hard disk connected to the PCH is used as a system hard disk. In the server, other network cards or expansion cards (such as Riser cards) may also be directly connected through the PCIE bus, which is not limited to this.
The boot sequence may be configured in the BIOS, booting from the hard disk by default, and other storage media or remote devices may be detected without an operating system installed in the hard disk. The storage medium may be an optical drive or a flash memory, and the remote device may be a PXE-based system server or the like.
Optionally, step S100, acquiring a system image including a configuration file and a driver file, includes:
S100A, acquiring the system image containing the configuration file and the drive file from the remote device based on the PXE configured by the BIOS.
In the networking where the server is located, as shown in fig. 3, another server may be deployed and may be referred to as a system server, on which system images of various versions of an operating system may be stored, where a general system image is an iso file.
If the BIOS is configured with a PXE (Preboot eXecution Environment), the acquisition of the system image in the server boot process is realized, so as to complete the installation of the operating system of the server.
At startup, the server may request the system server for the required version of the system image via a communication protocol and run the system image to perform subsequent installation procedures remotely.
Optionally, step S100, acquiring a system image including a configuration file and a driver file, includes:
S100B, based on the configuration of the BIOS, obtaining the system image including the configuration file and the driver file from the storage medium provided in the server.
As shown in fig. 4, the server may further include a USB (Universal Serial Bus) interface, and a storage medium such as a flash memory may be plugged into the USB interface, and the flash memory may store the system image. In the BIOS configuration, a storage medium plugged on the USB interface can acquire a system image.
In addition, the server may further include an optical disc drive, and the optical disc stores the system image. In the BIOS configuration, the system image may be optionally acquired by an optical drive. After the optical disc is inserted into the optical disc drive, the system image can be read from the optical disc.
No matter the system image is obtained from a remote system server through PXE, or the system image is obtained from a flash memory through USB or an optical disk through an optical drive, the system image does not need to be stored in a local hard disk of the server, and the system image is directly operated to execute an installation process.
In the system image, at least a system file, a configuration file, and a driver file may be included. The system file is a file necessary for operating the operating system; the drive file is used for driving various components deployed in the server, such as RAID drive, network card drive and the like; the configuration file is used for guiding an installation process of the operating system, adjustable parameters and the like, for example, a driver file that needs to be loaded or a driver file that does not need to be loaded may be set in the configuration file, which may be a grub file in the system image.
Furthermore, a blacklist is set in the configuration file, and a drive file of the RAID card of the server is set in the blacklist. For example, a media _ sa is newly added to a directory in a 12.iso/EFI/BOOT/grub.cfg of the system image 12.iso, that is, a drive file of the RAID card is prohibited from being loaded in a blacklist, so that the server avoids the identification of the RAID card during the BOOT process.
In addition to the black list, a driver file, such as a network card driver, which needs to be loaded should be configured in the configuration file.
And S101, loading a drive file according to the configuration file.
And determining a driver file corresponding to the deployed component through the configuration file in the process of booting the server to the system image through the BIOS. Because the drive file of the RAID card is already written in the blacklist, the drive file of the RAID card is not loaded in the process of installing the system image, so that it is possible to prevent the RAID card from being identified, and at this time, the network card and the PCH connected to the processor are identified.
S102, identifying a hard disk deployed in the server, and taking the hard disk as a system hard disk.
After the driver file set by the configuration file in the system image is loaded, the hard disk deployed in the server is scanned and identified, and in the process, a drive letter is distributed to the identified hard disk, and the distributed drive letter is started from the SDA. Since the hard disks deployed in the server are configured according to the user requirements, the number of the hard disks is not fixed, and when the operating system is installed, a hard disk needs to be specified in the configuration file as the installation position of the operating system, that is, a drive letter of the system hard disk needs to be specified. Therefore, the server will typically install the os into the first identified hard disk by default, that is, the installation location in the configuration file where the os is configured is located in the hard disk with the disk id of SDA.
After the server loads the driver file, the processor scans to identify the components deployed in the server. In this process, if the processor scans the hard disk, the drive letter is allocated to the hard disk according to the preset policy, and at this time, only the hard disk connected under the PCH is identified, and the hard disk is allocated with the drive letter SDA, so as to use the hard disk as the system hard disk.
Further, step S102, identifying the hard disk deployed in the server, and using the hard disk as a system hard disk includes:
S102A, scanning the components set in the server.
S102B, merging the plurality of hard disks connected with the PCH to form a logic hard disk.
In order to make the system hard disk have a larger storage space, a plurality of hard disks may be arranged under the PCH, as shown in fig. 5, two hard disks are connected under the PCH of the server. The configuration file of the system image may be configured with a merge instruction, and the scanned hard disks may be merged by the merge instruction to form a logical hard disk as the system hard disk, and the specific merge manner is not limited.
S102C, distributing disk identifiers for the logical hard disks according to the preset strategy, and taking the logical hard disks as system hard disks.
After a logical hard disk is formed, the processor may allocate the disk identifier according to a preset policy, and at this time, the disk identifier SDA may be allocated to the logical hard disk, that is, the logical hard disk is used as a system hard disk to implement installation of the operating system. Therefore, a plurality of hard disks connected under the PCH can be combined into one hard disk with a larger storage space, so that the situation that the system hard disk is fully written in the running process when the system mirror image is larger is avoided.
S103, installing the operating system into the system hard disk according to the system mirror image.
After the disk drive SDA is distributed to the system hard disk, the installation process set in the configuration file is continuously executed, and the system image is decompressed and then installed to the system hard disk, so that the installation of the operating system is completed, and the server can normally work.
In the embodiment of the present specification, in the loaded system image, by configuring the blacklist of the drive file, in the process of installing the operating system, the drive file of the RAID card connected under the PCIE is not loaded, and the hard disk configured in another manner is used as the system hard disk, so that the problem that the preset system hard disk and the preset data hard disk are mixed is avoided, and the reliability of the server is improved.
Optionally, after the step S103, installing the operating system into the system hard disk according to the system image, the method further includes:
and S104, restarting the server, and starting the server based on the installed operating system.
After the operating system installation is complete, the server may be restarted. At this time, based on the BIOS configuration, the hard disk is detected, it can be determined that the operating system is already installed in the system hard disk connected to the PCH, and the server executes startup based on the operating system.
At this time, in the relevant start configuration file of the operating system, the blacklist is not set or the drive file of the RAID card is not excluded in the blacklist, so in the process of executing the start, the drive file of the RAID card is loaded and identified, and the server can scan the hard disk mounted under the RAID card, so that the hard disks under the RAID cards are used as the data hard disks, and the mixed use between the data hard disks and the system hard disk does not occur.
Correspondingly, the present application provides a system installation apparatus, applied to a server, as shown in fig. 6, including:
the system comprises an acquisition unit, a storage unit and a processing unit, wherein the acquisition unit is used for acquiring a system mirror image containing a configuration file and a drive file, the configuration file is provided with a blacklist, and the drive file of a disk array RAID card of a server is arranged in the blacklist;
the loading unit is used for loading the drive file according to the configuration file;
the identification unit is used for identifying the hard disk deployed in the server and taking the hard disk as a system hard disk;
and the installation unit is used for installing the operating system into the system hard disk according to the system mirror image.
Optionally, the obtaining unit includes:
the first obtaining module is used for obtaining a system image containing a configuration file and a drive file from a remote device based on a pre-boot execution environment PXE configured by a BIOS.
Optionally, the obtaining unit includes:
and the second acquisition module is used for acquiring the system image containing the configuration file and the drive file from a storage medium arranged in the server based on the configuration of the BIOS.
Optionally, the apparatus further includes:
and the restarting unit is used for restarting the server and starting the server based on the installed operating system.
Further, the identification unit includes:
the scanning module is used for scanning the components arranged in the server;
the merging module is used for merging a plurality of hard disks connected with the PCH to form a logic hard disk;
and the configuration module is used for distributing disk identifiers for the logic hard disk according to a preset strategy and taking the logic hard disk as a system hard disk.
In the embodiment of the present specification, in the loaded system image, by configuring the blacklist of the drive file, in the process of installing the operating system, the drive file of the RAID card connected under the PCIE is not loaded, and the hard disk configured in another manner is used as the system hard disk, so that the problem that the preset system hard disk and the preset data hard disk are mixed is avoided, and the reliability of the server is improved.
It will be understood that the present description is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure and is not to be construed as limiting the present disclosure, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (10)

1. A system installation method is applied to a server and comprises the following steps:
acquiring a system mirror image comprising a configuration file and a drive file, wherein the configuration file is provided with a blacklist, and the drive file of a disk array RAID card of the server is arranged in the blacklist;
a driver file loaded according to the configuration file;
identifying a hard disk deployed in the server, and taking the hard disk as a system hard disk;
and installing an operating system into the system hard disk according to the system mirror image.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining the system image containing the configuration file and the driver file comprises:
based on the pre-boot execution environment PXE configured by the BIOS, a system image containing a configuration file and a drive file is obtained from a remote device.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining the system image containing the configuration file and the driver file comprises:
based on the configuration of the BIOS, a system image containing a configuration file and a drive file is acquired from a storage medium provided in a server.
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising, after installing an operating system into the system hard disk according to the system image:
restarting the server, and starting the server based on the installed operating system.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the identifying the hard disk deployed in the server and using the hard disk as a system hard disk comprises:
scanning components set in the server;
combining a plurality of hard disks connected with the PCH to form a logic hard disk;
and distributing disk symbols for the logic hard disk according to a preset strategy, and taking the logic hard disk as a system hard disk.
6. A system installation device, applied to a server, includes:
the system comprises an acquisition unit, a storage unit and a processing unit, wherein the acquisition unit is used for acquiring a system mirror image containing a configuration file and a drive file, a blacklist is arranged in the configuration file, and the drive file of a disk array RAID card of the server is arranged in the blacklist;
the loading unit is used for loading the drive file according to the configuration file;
the identification unit is used for identifying the hard disk deployed in the server and taking the hard disk as a system hard disk;
and the installation unit is used for installing the operating system into the system hard disk according to the system mirror image.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the obtaining unit comprises:
the first obtaining module is used for obtaining a system image containing a configuration file and a drive file from a remote device based on a pre-boot execution environment PXE configured by a BIOS.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the obtaining unit comprises:
and the second acquisition module is used for acquiring the system image containing the configuration file and the drive file from a storage medium arranged in the server based on the configuration of the BIOS.
9. The apparatus of claim 6, further comprising:
and the restarting unit is used for restarting the server and starting the server based on the installed operating system.
10. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the identification unit comprises:
the scanning module is used for scanning the components arranged in the server;
the merging module is used for merging a plurality of hard disks connected with the PCH to form a logic hard disk;
and the configuration module is used for distributing disk identifiers for the logic hard disk according to a preset strategy and taking the logic hard disk as a system hard disk.
CN202110846918.8A 2021-07-26 2021-07-26 System installation method and device Pending CN113703788A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110846918.8A CN113703788A (en) 2021-07-26 2021-07-26 System installation method and device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110846918.8A CN113703788A (en) 2021-07-26 2021-07-26 System installation method and device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN113703788A true CN113703788A (en) 2021-11-26

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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