CN113703151A - Low-illumination focusing indirect ophthalmoscope - Google Patents
Low-illumination focusing indirect ophthalmoscope Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 208000025679 Bell phenomenon Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 101150096839 Fcmr gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000006550 Mydriasis Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004087 cornea Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011496 digital image analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 210000004220 fundus oculi Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/36—Microscopes arranged for photographic purposes or projection purposes or digital imaging or video purposes including associated control and data processing arrangements
- G02B21/361—Optical details, e.g. image relay to the camera or image sensor
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- A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
- A61B3/12—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for looking at the eye fundus, e.g. ophthalmoscopes
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/0004—Microscopes specially adapted for specific applications
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- G02B21/00—Microscopes
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/24—Base structure
- G02B21/241—Devices for focusing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/36—Microscopes arranged for photographic purposes or projection purposes or digital imaging or video purposes including associated control and data processing arrangements
- G02B21/365—Control or image processing arrangements for digital or video microscopes
- G02B21/367—Control or image processing arrangements for digital or video microscopes providing an output produced by processing a plurality of individual source images, e.g. image tiling, montage, composite images, depth sectioning, image comparison
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-illumination focusing indirect ophthalmoscope, which belongs to the field of indirect ophthalmoscopes and comprises an illumination system and a microscope system, wherein the illumination system is positioned on one side of the microscope system, the illumination system is used for projecting light spots to an observed body, the microscope system is used for observing the observed body, the illumination system is configured to be a weak light source illumination system, the microscope system comprises an objective lens, an eyepiece unit and an image intensifier, the eyepiece unit comprises a focusing eyepiece, and the image intensifier is positioned in front of or behind the focusing eyepiece. The low-illumination focus-adjustable indirect ophthalmoscope disclosed by the invention can use a low-illumination weak light source lighting system, fundamentally overcomes the defects that discomfort is caused to an inspected person due to too strong incident light in the prior art, and the like, can acquire a digital image in real time, and is convenient for teaching and computer graphic analysis.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of indirect ophthalmoscopes, in particular to a low-illumination focus-adjustable indirect ophthalmoscope.
Background
A binocular indirect ophthalmoscope is a commonly used ophthalmic apparatus which is mainly used to examine the condition of the fundus of a patient. At present, a common binocular indirect ophthalmoscope on the market is composed of an illumination system, an eyepiece system, an objective lens and accessories, wherein the illumination system and the eyepiece system are core components of the indirect ophthalmoscope, and the accessories comprise a transformer, a teaching mirror and the like. As shown in fig. 1, the binocular indirect ophthalmoscope is a conventional binocular indirect ophthalmoscope, and when the binocular indirect ophthalmoscope works, an illumination system of the binocular indirect ophthalmoscope emits light rays with linearly adjustable brightness, the light rays penetrate through an objective lens and enter eyeballs of a person to be examined, and corresponding circular light spots are formed on the eyeground of the eyeballs in a projection mode. The light reflected by the eyeground penetrates out of the eyeball, passes through the objective lens again and then enters the ocular lens system, and the ocular lens system forms binocular parallel light after reflection and refraction of the lens, so that an observer can observe the eyeground condition by using two eyes. The existing binocular indirect ophthalmoscope has the following defects:
(1) the incident light intensity is difficult to balance. Although the light brightness of the existing binocular indirect ophthalmoscope illumination system can be linearly adjusted, the emergent light brightness of the existing binocular indirect ophthalmoscope illumination system is directly related to the reflected light intensity of the eyeground, so that the emergent light brightness of the illumination system is difficult to be matched with the observation definition of the eyeground. For example: when the refractive stroma of the fundus of the examinee is cloudy, the emergent light brightness of the illumination system is generally required to be improved in order to facilitate the observer to clearly observe the fundus, and when the emergent light brightness is improved, the light entering the eye of the examinee is correspondingly increased, and the increased light can cause the discomfort of the examinee. In addition, the eye to be examined is often preceded by a dispensing mydriasis, which also causes the light entering the eye of the patient to be further increased, thus increasing the discomfort of the eye to be examined.
(2) The magnification is not easy to adjust. At present, in practical application, an indirect ophthalmoscope usually needs to perform operations such as local amplification or integral reduction, but because the focal length of a single objective lens is fixed, the fixed focal length can cause the relative fixation of the amplification factor and the observation visual field, and generally, the smaller the focal length of the objective lens is, the larger the corresponding amplification factor is and the narrower the visual field is; and vice versa. Therefore, if the existing indirect ophthalmoscope adopts a single objective lens, the operation requirements such as local amplification or integral reduction are difficult to meet, so that the existing indirect ophthalmoscope often needs to be equipped and the objective lens is continuously replaced in practical application to meet the operation requirements, and the operation process is complicated and the maintenance cost of multiple lenses is higher.
(3) The existing indirect ophthalmoscope can only carry out common imaging observation and cannot support imaging storage and teaching. If a photographic system is directly added in the light path of the existing indirect ophthalmoscope for electronic imaging, the incident light brightness of an illumination system is often required to be increased in order to ensure clear imaging, so that the discomfort of a patient is increased and the adaptability of the patient is affected, and the electronic imaging is difficult to effectively implement by the existing equipment.
Chinese patent publication No. CN106551675A discloses a binocular indirect ophthalmoscope with polarization function, which comprises an eyepiece group, an observation mirror group, an objective lens, a light source, a condensing projection mirror group and an illumination mirror, wherein the eyepiece group, the observation mirror group and the objective lens are sequentially arranged in an observation light path; the light source, the condenser projecting mirror group, the illuminating reflector and the objective lens are sequentially arranged in an illuminating light path, the ophthalmoscope further comprises a polarization detection component, and the polarization detection component is arranged in the observing light path. The binocular indirect ophthalmoscope can eliminate the interference of strong reflected light and other reflected stray light of the objective lens and the cornea through the polarization detection component, but the mode is temporary and permanent, and the problem that the patient is uncomfortable due to strong incident light is difficult to solve in a real sense.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the low-illumination adjustable-focus indirect ophthalmoscope which can use a low-illumination weak light source illumination system, fundamentally overcome the discomfort of a person to be inspected caused by too strong incident light, can acquire a digital image in real time and is convenient for teaching and computer graphic analysis, and in addition, the indirect ophthalmoscope also supports continuous zooming and has more flexible adjustment of the magnification.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a low-illumination focusing indirect ophthalmoscope which comprises an illumination system and a microscope system, wherein the illumination system is positioned on one side of the microscope system and used for projecting light spots to an observed body, the microscope system is used for observing the observed body and is configured into a weak light source illumination system, the microscope system comprises an objective lens, an eyepiece unit and an image intensifier, the eyepiece unit comprises a focusing eyepiece, the image intensifier is positioned on one side of the focusing eyepiece, light reflected by the observed body enters a light inlet of the image intensifier after passing through the objective lens or the objective lens and the focusing eyepiece, and the image intensifier generates intensified light and emits the intensified light to the tail end of the eyepiece unit.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that the device further comprises a high-voltage power supply, and the image intensifier is electrically connected with the high-voltage power supply.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that the ophthalmoscope comprises an ophthalmoscope frame body, wherein the eyepiece unit is fixed on the ophthalmoscope frame body, the image intensifier is fixed in the middle of the ophthalmoscope frame body, and the light inlet of the image intensifier is opposite to the light outlet of the objective lens.
The technical scheme of the invention is that a wired interface is arranged on the ocular unit, the image intensifier is clamped with the ocular unit, and an external interface of the image intensifier is electrically connected with the wired interface.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that the image intensifier is configured to be one or more of a microchannel plate and a micro image tube.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the microscope system further comprises a focusing lens group used for zooming the microscope system, the focusing lens group is positioned behind the image intensifier, the intensified light emitted from the light outlet of the image intensifier is emitted to the light inlet of the focusing lens group, the intensified light generates zoom light after being zoomed by the focusing lens group, the zoom light is emitted from the light outlet of the focusing lens group, and the zoom light is emitted to the tail end of the ocular unit.
The technical scheme of the invention is that a focusing knob is arranged on the focusing lens group, and the focusing operation is carried out on the focusing lens group by rotating the focusing knob.
A further technical solution of the present invention is that the eyepiece unit further includes a first optical splitter prism and a first image sensor, the image intensifier is located between the focusing eyepiece and the first optical splitter prism, the image intensifier generates intensified light and emits the intensified light to the first optical splitter prism, at least one optical path split by the first optical splitter prism emits the intensified light to the first image sensor, and the first image sensor generates a digitized image.
A further aspect of the present invention is to further include a computer having a first wireless module and a second wireless module, wherein the first image sensor transmits the digitized image to the computer through wireless data transmission between the second wireless module and the first wireless module.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the eyepiece unit further comprises a second beam splitter prism and two plane reflectors, and the focusing eyepiece is positioned at one side of the second beam splitter prism. The image intensifier is positioned between the focusing eyepiece and the second beam splitter prism, and the two plane reflectors are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the second beam splitter prism.
In a further aspect of the present invention, the eyepiece unit further includes a second image sensor and a displacement driver, the displacement driver drives the second image sensor to switch between a first working position and a second working position, when the second image sensor is at the first working position, the second image sensor is positioned between the image intensifier and the focusing mirror group, when the second image sensor is in the second working position, the second image sensor is positioned between the second beam splitter prism and one of the two plane mirrors, the displacement driver comprises an electric push rod, a rotating disc and a rotating driver, the second image sensor is fixedly connected with one end of a telescopic rod of the electric push rod, the main body of the electric push rod is positioned on one side of the rotating disc, and the power output end of the rotary driver is rotatably connected with the middle part of the rotating disc.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the low-illumination focus-adjustable indirect ophthalmoscope provided by the invention is provided with the image intensifier, and the image intensifier can intensify the circular light spot which is generated by the weak light source illumination system and can linearly adjust the brightness, so that the low-illumination focus-adjustable indirect ophthalmoscope provided by the application can generate a clear observation image by matching with the weak light source illumination system, and the discomfort generated after the eyes of an examinee are irradiated by strong light is greatly reduced by adopting the weak light source illumination system, so that the examinee can more easily match with an observer to finish the examination process. And secondly, after the enhanced light generated by the image intensifier passes through the first beam splitting prism light splitting path, a digitized image can be generated through the first image sensor, and after the digitized image is collected, a wired or wireless module can be arranged to transmit the collected digitized image to a computer for teaching demonstration and computer image analysis. Finally, the low-illumination focus-adjustable indirect ophthalmoscope provided by the application is also provided with a focusing lens group, and the focusing lens group can realize continuous zooming of a binocular indirect ophthalmoscope so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the magnification in real time and avoid frequently changing an objective lens.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a partial view of a low illumination adjustable focus indirect ophthalmoscope provided in one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial view of a low illumination adjustable focus indirect ophthalmoscope provided in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial view of a low illumination adjustable focus indirect ophthalmoscope as provided in a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a first state diagram of a low illumination adjustable focus indirect ophthalmoscope provided in a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a second state diagram of a low illumination adjustable focus indirect ophthalmoscope provided in a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a first configuration of a binocular indirect ophthalmoscope provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a second configuration of a binocular indirect ophthalmoscope provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a functional block diagram of a binocular indirect ophthalmoscope section structure provided in the second embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1. a low light source illumination system; 21. an objective lens; 22. an eyepiece unit; 23. an image intensifier, 221, a second beam splitter prism; 222. a planar mirror; 231. a high voltage power supply; 41. a first wireless module; 4. a computer; 232. a second wireless module; 24. a focusing lens group; 25. a focusing eyepiece; 241. a focusing knob; 223. a line interface; 224. a first beam splitting prism; 225. a first image sensor; 5. an ophthalmoscope frame body; 11. an illuminating lamp; 12. a brightness knob; 6. a head band; 7. a binocular viewer; 8. a second image sensor; 9. a position changing driver 91, an electric push rod; 92. rotating the disc; 93. a rotary driver; 911. a telescopic rod; 912. a main body; 931. a driving wheel; 932. a driven wheel; 933. a motor; 226. a clamping groove.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, 6 and 7, the low-illumination focusing indirect ophthalmoscope provided in this embodiment includes an illumination system and a microscope system, the illumination system is located at one side of the microscope system, the illumination system is used for projecting light spots to an observed object, the microscope system is used for observing the observed object, the illumination system is configured as a weak light source illumination system 1, the weak light source illumination system 1 is a light source system with illumination intensity in the range of 100 to 2000Lx, the microscope system includes an objective lens 21, an eyepiece unit 22 and an image intensifier 23, the eyepiece unit 22 includes a focusing eyepiece 25, the image intensifier 23 is located at one side of the focusing eyepiece 25, reflected light generated by the observed object enters an light inlet of the image intensifier 23 after passing through the objective lens 21 or after passing through the objective lens 21 and the focusing eyepiece 25, the image intensifier 23 generates intensified light and emits the intensified light to the tail end of the eyepiece unit 22, the tail end of the eyepiece unit 22 is generally referred to a light outlet of the eyepiece unit 22, i.e., the viewer's viewing port, and the beam splitter prism 221, if any, is generally referred to as where the beam splitter prism 221 is located. For example: the reflected light generated by the observed body firstly enters the light inlet of the image intensifier 23 through the objective lens 21, the ocular unit 22 comprises a focusing ocular 25, a second beam splitter prism 221 and two plane reflectors 222, the two plane reflectors 222 are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the second beam splitter prism 221, the second beam splitter prism 221 can divide the light path into two parts, and then observed images are sent to two eyes of an observer through the two plane reflectors 222 so as to better observe the condition of the fundus oculi of the patient, the image intensifier 23 is positioned between the focusing ocular 25 and the second beam splitter prism 221, the focusing ocular 25 and the objective lens 21 can form a microscopic core part of the microscopic system, and the second beam splitter prism 221 and the two plane reflectors 222 are arranged so as to facilitate the observation of the two eyes, as shown in fig. 7, two plane mirrors 222 are respectively fixed to both ends of the binocular viewer 7 for binocular viewing. As shown in fig. 6, for some indirect ophthalmoscopes for monocular viewing, the second beam splitter prism 221, the two planar mirrors 222 and the corresponding support assemblies may be eliminated. In addition, the low-light source illumination system 1 and the microscope system are both fixed on the ophthalmoscope frame body 5, the objective lens 21 can be configured as one of a handheld eyepiece or a fixed eyepiece, when the objective lens 21 is configured as the fixed eyepiece, the objective lens 21 is fixed on the front side wall of the ophthalmoscope frame body 5, the low-light source illumination system 1 comprises an illuminating lamp 11, the illuminating lamp 11 is located above the objective lens 21, and the eyepiece unit 22 is fixed in the middle of the ophthalmoscope frame body 5 and extends towards the rear of the ophthalmoscope frame body 5. The weak light source lighting system 1 further includes a power supply circuit for the lighting lamp 11 and a brightness knob 12 for adjusting the illumination intensity of the lighting lamp 11, the ophthalmoscope frame body 5 is connected with the head band 6, and the brightness knob 12 is located on the upper portion of the ophthalmoscope frame body 5 and is preferably fixed at the connection position of the ophthalmoscope frame body 5 and the head band 6. The image intensifier 23 can change an optical image with very low brightness into an optical image with sufficient brightness, and the image intensifier 23 is more in variety, and preferably, the image intensifier 23 in the present application is configured as one or more of a microchannel plate and a micro image tube, and the microchannel plate has the advantages of small volume, light weight, good resolution, high gain, low noise, low use voltage, and the like. The enhanced image generated by the image intensifier 23 is not only clear, but also can be matched with a low-illumination light source provided by the weak light source lighting system 1, namely, the low-illumination focusing indirect ophthalmoscope can generate a clear observation image by being matched with the weak light source lighting system 1, and the discomfort generated after the eyes of the examinee are irradiated is greatly reduced by adopting the weak light source lighting system 1, so that the examinee is easier and more willing to be matched with an observer to complete the detection process. In addition, the enhanced light generated by the image intensifier 23, in cooperation with the first beam splitter prism 224 and the first image sensor 225, can generate a digitized image to facilitate storage of the observation image.
Generally, the comfortable illumination of human eyes is in the range of 500Lx to 1000Lx, and is acceptable in the range of 100Lx to 2000Lx, and the illumination of the illumination lamp 11 of the weak light source illumination system 1 in the present embodiment can be set in the range of 100Lx to 2000Lx, so as to ensure the comfort of the examinee, and therefore, the weak light source in the weak light source illumination system 1 in the present application can be considered as a light source with an illumination in the range of 100Lx to 2000 Lx. The light magnification of the enhanced light generated by the image intensifier 23 is about the illumination multiple attenuated by the low-illumination adjustable-focus indirect ophthalmoscope provided in this embodiment after the image intensifier 23 is removed from the low-illumination adjustable-focus indirect ophthalmoscope, which is usually 10000 to 20000 times, and can be correspondingly adjusted according to the actual illumination multiple attenuated by the low-illumination adjustable-focus indirect ophthalmoscope, so that the light source intensity adopted by the weak light source illumination system 1 in this application is only 1/20000 to 1/10000 of the existing illumination system, the illumination of the illumination system is greatly reduced, and the problem of discomfort generated after the eyes of the examinee are illuminated is fundamentally overcome. The following is further exemplified: assuming that the diameter of the objective lens 21 in the binocular indirect ophthalmoscope provided in the prior art is 5cm, the light source of the binocular indirect ophthalmoscope directly irradiates the objective lens 21, and according to the commonly used light source performance table, the light source of the current binocular indirect ophthalmoscope usually adopts a 15W incandescent lamp, the luminous flux of which can be approximately 240lm, so that the illuminance P on the objective lens 21 can be calculated to be 240lm divided (pi × 2.5)2)×104/m2I.e. 105lx, due to the refraction effect of the eye of the examinee, if the diameter of the photosensitive area on the retina is 1mm, the illumination intensity of the eye light irradiated by the 15W incandescent lamp on the examinee is 250P, i.e. 107In the order of lx. However, the pupil is generally a circle with a diameter of 2mm, and if the pupil is approximately a circle with a diameter of 300lx, the diameter of the photosensitive area focused on the retina is 1mm due to the refractive effect of the eye, and the retinal illuminance is about 1200 lx. 107The x magnitude is much larger than 1200lx, i.e. far beyond the comfortable illumination that the retina can withstand. If an incandescent lamp of less than 15W is used, assuming that the pupil of the eye of the subject receives a light source with an illuminance of 300lx, that is, the illuminance of the retina is about 1200lx, in this case, if the transmittance of the human eye of 0.95 is ignored and the distance from the retina to the objective lens 21 is assumed to be about 7cm, and the scattering of the diffuse reflection hemisphere divergence angle α of 30% is considered, the divergence angle of the objective lens 21 with respect to the diffuse reflection point is equal to
So that a diffuse reflection of about p 0.12755 enters the objective lens 21 with an illumination of about
That is, 0.02lx, if no gain is applied, it is obvious that the observer cannot clearly see the health condition of the eye fundus of the examinee under the illumination of 0.02lx, because the illumination is far lower than the pupil illumination comfortable for human eyes, which is the source of the illumination, in the binocular indirect ophthalmoscope provided in the prior art, most of the illumination of the incandescent lamp corresponding to the light enters the eye fundus of the examinee and is absorbed by the retinal pigment epithelium, and the reflected light is diffusely reflected to cause the light intensity entering the objective lens 21 to be greatly attenuated, so that if the illumination is applied with the illumination comfortable for the examinee, the observer can observe the condition of the eye fundus of the examinee due to the illumination of the light entering the eye fundus of the examinee being greatly attenuated; if the illuminance of the incandescent lamp is increased to enable an observer to clearly observe the eye, the eye of the examinee cannot be opened due to the difficulty in enduring strong light, and the eye of the examinee is closed by reflection to activate the Bell phenomenon, so that the eyeball is rotated, and the observer cannot perform a complete and accurate inspection on the condition of the fundus of the examinee. It is further preferred that, in order to provide a suitable power supply to the image intensifier 23, the low-illumination adjustable-focus indirect ophthalmoscope further comprises a high-voltage power supply 231, the image intensifier 23 being electrically connected to the high-voltage power supply 231, the image intensifier 23 being composed ofWhen a high optical amplification factor needs to be generated, a high-voltage power supply 231 formed by a booster circuit is often required to supply power to the optical amplifier in practical use, so that the image intensifier 23 can work stably for a long time.
The low-illumination focus-adjustable indirect ophthalmoscope provided in the embodiment further comprises an ophthalmoscope frame body 5, the eyepiece unit 22 is fixed on the ophthalmoscope frame body 5, the image intensifier 23 is fixed in the middle of the ophthalmoscope frame body 5, and the light inlet of the image intensifier is opposite to the light outlet of the objective lens 21, namely, the image intensifier 23 and the eyepiece unit 22 are fixed together, namely, the image intensifier 23 and the main body part of the low-illumination focus-adjustable indirect ophthalmoscope are fixed together, and the arrangement mode is more favorable for the line connection of the image intensifier 23 in the low-illumination focus-adjustable indirect ophthalmoscope.
The low-illumination focus-adjustable indirect ophthalmoscope provided in this embodiment further includes a focusing lens group 24 for zooming the microscope system, the focusing lens group 24 is located behind the image intensifier 23, the enhanced light emitted from the light outlet of the image intensifier 23 is directed to the light inlet of the focusing lens group 24, the enhanced light generates zoom light after being zoomed by the focusing lens group 24 and is emitted from the light outlet thereof, and is then emitted to the tail end of the eyepiece unit 22, the tail end of the eyepiece unit 22 generally refers to the light outlet of the eyepiece unit 22, that is, the observation port of an observer, if there is a beam splitter prism 221, generally refers to the position of the beam splitter prism 221, and the focusing lens group 24 is located behind the image intensifier 23, so that the phase difference generated by focusing can be prevented from being amplified, thereby affecting the observation result. The focusing lens group 24 has a certain light loss during the use, and since the weak light source illumination system 1 is adopted in the present embodiment, if the focusing lens group 24 is arranged in front of the image intensifier 23, the incident light of the image intensifier 23 has a certain light loss and may be distorted. Therefore, in the present embodiment, it is preferable that the focusing lens group 24 is located between the image intensifier 23 and the rear end of the eyepiece unit 22, so that the above-mentioned problem can be effectively solved. The focusing lens group 24 provided by the embodiment can realize continuous zooming of the binocular indirect ophthalmoscope so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the magnification in real time. Preferably, the focusing lens group 24 is fixed to the ophthalmoscope frame body 5 for the purpose of fixing the focusing lens group 24, and generally, the focusing lens group 24 is disposed on the optical path between the image intensifier 23 and the rear end of the eyepiece unit 22. Further preferably, the focusing knob 241 is disposed on the focusing lens group 24, and the focusing operation is performed on the focusing lens group 24 by rotating the focusing knob 241, so that the binocular indirect ophthalmoscope band can be focused on the head conveniently, and the observer can perform operations such as local magnification or overall reduction on the observation image in the process of using the low-illumination adjustable-focus indirect ophthalmoscope. Preferably, the focusing mirror group 24 may be fixed on the ophthalmoscope frame 5, and the focusing knob 241 is fixed on the side wall of the ophthalmoscope frame 5 at this time, and if set at the top of the ophthalmoscope frame 5 or other positions, a good rotation space cannot be ensured, so that the focusing knob 241 is set on the side wall to facilitate focusing by an observer.
Example two
The low-illumination focusing indirect ophthalmoscope provided in the embodiment includes an illumination system and a microscope system, the illumination system is located at one side of the microscope system, the illumination system is used for projecting light spots to an observed body, the microscope system is used for observing the observed body, the illumination system is configured as a weak light source illumination system 1, the microscope system includes an objective lens 21, an eyepiece unit 22 and an image intensifier 23, the eyepiece unit 22 includes a focusing eyepiece 25, the image intensifier 23 is located at one side of the focusing eyepiece 25, reflected light generated by the observed body enters a light inlet of the image intensifier 23 after passing through the objective lens 21 or after passing through the objective lens 21 and the focusing eyepiece 25, and the image intensifier 23 generates intensified light and emits the intensified light to the tail end of the eyepiece unit 22. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that:
as shown in fig. 2 and 8, the low-illumination focus-adjustable indirect ophthalmoscope provided in this embodiment further includes a first beam splitter prism 224 and a first image sensor 225, the image intensifier 23 is located between the focusing eyepiece 25 and the first beam splitter prism 224, the image intensifier 23 generates intensified light and emits the intensified light to the first beam splitter prism 224, the intensified light is split by the first beam splitter prism 224 to emit the intensified light to the first image sensor 225, the first image sensor 225 generates a digitized image, and the first image sensor 225 is preferably one of a CCD and a CMOS. The first beam splitting prism 224 is provided to separate the collection path of the digitized image from the observation path of the observer for separate observation and digitization of the image. As shown in fig. 8, further, the low-illumination focus-adjustable indirect ophthalmoscope provided in the present embodiment has a computer 4 of a first wireless module 41 and a second wireless module 232, the second wireless module 232 is fixed on the ophthalmoscope frame 5, and the first image sensor 225 generates a digitized image and transmits the digitized image to the computer 4 through wireless data transmission between the second wireless module 232 and the first wireless module 41. Preferably, the second wireless module 232 and the first wireless module 41 are one or more of bluetooth, infrared or WiFi wireless connection modules. The second wireless module 232 and the first wireless module 41 can realize information interaction between the first image sensor 225 and the computer 4, and the computer 4 can acquire the digitized image of the image intensifier 23 more conveniently. Preferably, the low-illumination adjustable-focus indirect ophthalmoscope provided by the embodiment is also provided with a controller or a memory so as to analyze and store the digitized image and perform data interaction with a test device or an electronic medical record system.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in fig. 3, the low-illuminance focusing indirect ophthalmoscope provided in this embodiment includes an illumination system and a microscope system, the illumination system is located on one side of the microscope system, the illumination system is used for projecting a light spot to an observed object, the microscope system is used for observing the observed object, the illumination system is configured as a low-light-source illumination system 1, the microscope system includes an objective lens 21, an eyepiece lens unit 22 and an image intensifier 23, the eyepiece lens unit 22 includes a focusing eyepiece lens 25, the image intensifier 23 is located on one side of the focusing eyepiece lens 25, reflected light generated by the observed object enters a light inlet of the image intensifier 23 after passing through the objective lens 21 or after passing through the objective lens 21 and the focusing eyepiece lens 25, and the image intensifier 23 generates intensified light and emits the intensified light to a tail end of the eyepiece lens unit 22.
The second embodiment is different from the first and second embodiments in that:
the eyepiece unit 22 is provided with a wired interface 223, the image intensifier 23 is clamped with the eyepiece unit 22, an external interface of the image intensifier 23 is electrically connected with the wired interface 223, the eyepiece unit 22 is provided with a clamping groove 226, and the image intensifier 23 is placed into the clamping groove 226 so as to be clamped and matched with the eyepiece unit 22. The image intensifier 23 can be used as an accessory of a traditional binocular indirect ophthalmoscope, and the accessory is arranged if the matching examination of the examinee is difficult, so that the aim of matching examination of the examinee is fulfilled by reducing the light intensity of incident light.
Example four
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the low-illuminance focusing indirect ophthalmoscope provided in this embodiment includes an illumination system and a microscope system, the illumination system is located on one side of the microscope system, the illumination system is used for projecting a light spot to an observed object, the microscope system is used for observing the observed object, the illumination system is configured as a weak light source illumination system 1, the microscope system includes an objective lens 21, an eyepiece lens unit 22 and an image intensifier 23, the eyepiece lens unit 22 includes a focusing eyepiece lens 25, the image intensifier 23 is located on one side of the focusing eyepiece lens 25, reflected light generated by the observed object enters an optical inlet of the image intensifier 23 after passing through the objective lens 21 or after passing through the objective lens 21 and the focusing eyepiece lens 25, and the image intensifier 23 generates intensified light and directs the intensified light to the tail end of the eyepiece lens unit 22.
The fourth embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that:
as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the eyepiece unit further includes a second image sensor 8 and a displacement driver 9, and the displacement driver 9 is configured to drive the second image sensor 8 to switch between a first operating position and a second operating position. The driver that shifts includes electric putter 91, rotary disk 92 and rotary actuator 93, second image sensor 8 and electric putter 91's one end fixed connection of telescopic link 911, electric putter 91's host computer body 912 is located one side of rotary disk 92, rotary actuator's power take off end and rotary disk 92's middle part rotatable coupling, electric putter 91 promotes second image sensor 8 through telescopic link 911 and stretches out and draws back, rotary actuator can drive rotary disk 92 again and rotate, because electric putter 91's host computer body 912 is located one side of rotary disk 92, can drive electric putter 91 when rotary disk 92 is rotatory, thereby indirectly drive second image sensor 8 and rotate. The rotary driver 93 comprises a driving wheel 931, a driven wheel 932 and a motor 933, the driving wheel 931 is connected with the output end of the motor 933, the driving wheel 931 is meshed with the driven wheel 932, the driven wheel 932 is fixed at the bottom of the rotary disk 92, and the motor 933 drives the driving wheel 931 to rotate so as to drive the driven wheel 932 to rotate, so that the rotary disk 92 is driven to rotate. As shown in fig. 4, when the low-illumination focusing indirect ophthalmoscope only needs a high-definition digitized image, the focusing lens assembly 24 should be avoided, the shift driver drives the second image sensor 8 to be at the first working position, the second image sensor 8 is located between the image intensifier 23 and the focusing lens assembly 24, and then the focusing lens assembly 24 is prevented from focusing to cause small-range distortion of the digitized image, so as to obtain a more real digitized image. As shown in fig. 5, when the low-illumination focus-adjustable indirect ophthalmoscope requires that the visual field of the eyes of the examiner is consistent with the digitized image, the shift driver drives the second image sensor 8 to be in the second working position, and the second image sensor 8 is located between the second beam splitter prism 221 and one of the two plane reflectors 222, so that the visual field of the eyes of the examiner is guaranteed to be consistent with the digitized image, and the medical staff can conveniently work under the assistance of the digitized image.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The present invention is not to be limited by the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and other embodiments that fall within the scope of the claims of the present application are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A low-illuminance focusing indirect ophthalmoscope comprising an illumination system and a microscope system, the illumination system being located on one side of the microscope system, the illumination system being configured to project a light spot onto an observed object, the microscope system being configured to observe the observed object, characterized in that:
the illumination system is configured as a weak light source illumination system, the microscope system comprises an objective lens, an eyepiece unit and an image intensifier, the eyepiece unit comprises a focusing eyepiece, the image intensifier is positioned on one side of the focusing eyepiece, light reflected by an observed body enters a light inlet of the image intensifier after passing through the objective lens or the objective lens and the focusing eyepiece, and the image intensifier generates intensified light and emits the intensified light to the tail end of the eyepiece unit.
2. A low illumination, focus-adjustable, indirect ophthalmoscope according to claim 1, wherein:
the image intensifier is electrically connected with the high-voltage power supply.
3. A low illumination focus-adjustable indirect ophthalmoscope according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:
still include the ophthalmoscope support body, the eyepiece unit is fixed on the ophthalmoscope support body, the image intensifier is fixed the middle part of ophthalmoscope support body, its income light mouth with the light-emitting window of objective is relative.
4. A low illumination focus-adjustable indirect ophthalmoscope according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:
the eyepiece unit is provided with a wired interface, the image intensifier is clamped with the eyepiece unit, and an external interface of the image intensifier is electrically connected with the wired interface.
5. A low illumination, focus-adjustable, indirect ophthalmoscope according to claim 1, wherein:
the focusing lens group is used for zooming the microscope system;
the focusing lens group is positioned behind the image intensifier, the intensified light emitted from the light outlet of the image intensifier emits to the light inlet of the focusing lens group, and the intensified light generates zoom light after being zoomed by the focusing lens group, emits from the light outlet and emits to the tail end of the ocular unit.
6. A low illumination adjustable focus indirect ophthalmoscope according to claim 5, wherein:
a focusing knob is arranged on the focusing mirror group;
and carrying out focusing operation on the focusing mirror group by rotating the focusing knob.
7. A low illumination, focus-adjustable, indirect ophthalmoscope according to claim 1, wherein:
the eyepiece unit further comprises a first beam splitter prism and a first image sensor;
the image intensifier is positioned between the focusing eyepiece and the first light splitting prism, the image intensifier generates intensified light and emits the intensified light to the first light splitting prism, at least one optical path divided by the first light splitting prism emits the intensified light to the first image sensor, and the first image sensor generates a digital image.
8. A low illumination adjustable focus indirect ophthalmoscope according to claim 7, wherein:
the system also comprises a computer with a first wireless module and a second wireless module;
the first image sensor transmits the digitized image to the computer through wireless data transmission between the second wireless module and the first wireless module.
9. A low illumination focus adjustable indirect ophthalmoscope according to claim 1 or 5, wherein:
the eyepiece unit also comprises a second beam splitter prism and two plane reflectors;
the focusing eyepiece is positioned on one side of the second beam splitter prism;
the image intensifier is positioned between the focusing eyepiece and the second beam splitter prism;
the two plane reflectors are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the second beam splitter prism.
10. A low illumination, focus-adjustable, indirect ophthalmoscope according to claim 9, wherein:
the eyepiece unit further comprises a second image sensor and a displacement driver, the displacement driver drives the second image sensor to switch back and forth between a first working position and a second working position, when the second image sensor is in the first working position, the second image sensor is positioned between the image intensifier and the focusing mirror group, and when the second image sensor is in the second working position, the second image sensor is positioned between the second beam splitter prism and one of the two plane mirrors;
the displacement driver comprises an electric push rod, a rotating disk and a rotary driver, the second image sensor is fixedly connected with one end of a telescopic rod of the electric push rod, a main machine body of the electric push rod is positioned on one side of the rotating disk, and a power output end of the rotary driver is rotatably connected with the middle of the rotating disk.
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