CN113702762B - Distribution network single-phase earth fault distance measurement method utilizing zero sequence information quantity - Google Patents
Distribution network single-phase earth fault distance measurement method utilizing zero sequence information quantity Download PDFInfo
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- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
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- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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Abstract
A distribution network single-phase earth fault location method utilizing zero sequence information quantity belongs to the technical field of power system fault location. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: step 1001-1002, the distribution terminal detects single-phase earth fault in real time; step 1003, the power distribution terminal records fault components in a fixed time window; step 1004-1005, establishing an overdetermined equation set with fault line parameters as unknowns and solving; step 1006, judging whether the line topology and the line parameters of each section are known; step 1007, calculating to obtain a fault distance and a fault point transition resistance; and step 1008, outputting zero sequence impedance parameters from the distribution terminal to the fault point and the transition resistance of the fault point. In the single-phase earth fault location method of the power distribution network using zero sequence information, the fault location function of the small current earth fault can be realized by using the upstream device of the fault point, the number of terminals is reduced, the cost for realizing the location function is reduced, and meanwhile, the problem of inaccurate location result of a double-end location algorithm is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
A distribution network single-phase earth fault location method utilizing zero sequence information quantity belongs to the technical field of power system fault location.
Background
The neutral point grounding mode through the arc suppression coil is generally adopted in the 10-35 kV medium-voltage distribution network in China, and the fault positioning problem of the neutral point grounding mode has long plagued the power supply operation department. The single-phase earth fault protection technology of the power distribution network can be divided into three types of fault line selection, fault section positioning and fault distance measurement, wherein the fault line selection and fault section positioning technology is practically used to a certain extent at present, and the accuracy and reliability of the existing fault distance measurement technology are difficult to guarantee, so that the fault distance measurement technology is difficult to popularize and practically use further.
In the prior art, a widely applied power distribution network fault distance measurement method mainly comprises a traveling wave method and an intelligent distance measurement algorithm, wherein the traveling wave head has low rising speed and very complex traveling wave shape due to complex network topology structure of the power distribution network and more branch lines, and the identification difficulty is high, so that the precision and reliability of the traveling wave distance measurement are difficult to ensure; while the intelligent ranging algorithm has strong innovation, the intelligent ranging algorithm is not mature and perfect in principle and cannot be put into practical application.
The information sources can be classified into a single-ended method and a double-ended method according to the information amount. The double-end method requires the line head and end terminals to perform clock synchronization and low-delay data transmission, and has higher cost and great practical application difficulty.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: the fault location method for the power distribution network single-phase earth fault location by utilizing the zero sequence information quantity can realize the fault location function of the small-current earth fault by utilizing the zero sequence voltage and zero sequence current signals measured by the fault point upstream device, reduce the number of terminals, reduce the cost for realizing the location function, and simultaneously avoid the problem of inaccurate location result caused by clock synchronization errors and other factors of a double-end location algorithm.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the distribution network single-phase earth fault distance measurement method utilizing the zero sequence information quantity comprises a distribution terminal arranged on a distribution line, and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1001, a power distribution terminal detects single-phase earth fault conditions in a line in real time;
step 1002, the power distribution terminal judges whether a single-phase grounding fault occurs in a downstream line of the power distribution terminal, if the single-phase grounding fault occurs, step 1003 is executed, if the single-phase grounding fault does not occur, step 1001 is returned;
step 1003, after the power distribution terminal detects that a single-phase earth fault occurs in a line downstream of the power distribution terminal, the power distribution terminal records fault components in a fixed time window before and after the fault occurs, and obtains zero sequence voltage drop of the fault line;
step 1004, establishing an overdetermined equation set based on fault line parameters according to fault component data in a fixed time window after a fault;
step 1005, solving the overdetermined equation set obtained in step 1004 by using a least square method, and further obtaining zero sequence impedance parameters from the power distribution terminal to the fault point: zero sequence resistance parameter Dr from distribution terminal to fault point 0 Distribution terminal to faultZero sequence inductance parameter Dl of point 0 Zero sequence capacitance parameter Dc from distribution terminal to fault point 0 Wherein D is the distance to failure; point of failure transition resistance R F Matrix of correlations: the coefficient matrix is S UI The unknown matrix is Z, and the constant matrix is S △U ；
Step 1006, the power distribution terminal determines whether the line topology information and the line parameters of each segment are known, if so, step 1007 is executed, and if not, step 1008 is executed;
step 1007, the power distribution terminal uses the known line topology information and the line parameters of each section, and uses the unknown quantity matrix in step 1005 as each element of Z: product of zero sequence impedance parameter per unit length and fault distance D: dl 0 、Dr 0 And a fault point transition resistance R F ；
Or: zero sequence impedance parameter per unit length multiplied by the square of the fault distance D: d (D) 2 l 0 r 0 、D 2 r 0 c 0 And a fault point transition resistance R F ，
Calculating to obtain a fault distance D and a fault point transition resistance R F ；
Step 1008, the distribution terminal outputs the unknown quantity matrix in step 1007 as each element in Z: product of zero sequence impedance parameter per unit length and fault distance D: dl 0 、Dr 0 And a fault point transition resistance R F Or the product of zero sequence impedance parameter per unit length and fault distance D squared: d (D) 2 l 0 r 0 、D 2 r 0 c 0 And a fault point transition resistance R F 。
Preferably, the fault components described in step 1003 include a zero sequence voltage component and a zero sequence current component.
Preferably, in step 1003, the calculation formula of the zero sequence voltage drop Δu (t) of the fault line is:
wherein the method comprises the steps of，r 0 、l 0 、c 0 Respectively representing the zero sequence resistance parameter, the zero sequence inductance parameter and the zero sequence capacitance parameter of the unit length of the fault line, wherein D is the fault distance, and R F For transition resistance at fault point, U 0 (t) represents the zero sequence voltage, i, collected by the terminal 0 And (t) represents the zero sequence current collected by the terminal.
Preferably, the system of overdetermined equations described in step 1004 is:
wherein r is 0 、l 0 、c 0 The zero sequence impedance parameter of the unit length of the fault line is D is the fault distance, R F Is the transition resistance of the fault point, t 1 、t 2 ……t n Each sample point in the fixed time window is represented by subscripts 1, 2, … … n, which represent the number of sample points in the fixed time window, i 0 (t 1 )、i 0 (t 2 )、……i 0 (t n ) Respectively indicate t after failure 1 、t 2 、……t n Zero sequence current at time, deltau (t 1 )、Δu(t 2 )、……Δu(t n ) Respectively indicate t after failure 1 、t 2 、……t n Zero sequence voltage drop of a fault line at moment; u (U) 0 (t 1 )、U 0 (t 2 )、……U 0 (t n ) Respectively indicate t after failure 1 、t 2 、……t n And the zero sequence voltage is collected by the time terminal.
Preferably, in step 1005, the coefficient matrix is S UI The unknown matrix is Z, and the constant matrix is S △U The expressions of (2) are respectively:
wherein r is 0 、l 0 、c 0 The zero sequence impedance parameter of the unit length of the fault line is D is the fault distance, R F Is the transition resistance of the fault point, t 1 、t 2 ……t n Each sample point in the fixed time window is represented by subscripts 1, 2, … … n, which represent the number of sample points in the fixed time window, i 0 (t 1 )、i 0 (t 2 )、……i 0 (t n ) Respectively indicate t after failure 1 、t 2 、……t n Zero sequence current at time, deltau (t 1 )、Δu(t 2 )、……Δu(t n ) Respectively indicate t after failure 1 、t 2 、……t n Zero sequence voltage drop of time fault line, U 0 (t 1 )、U 0 (t 2 )、……U 0 (t n ) Respectively indicate t after failure 1 、t 2 、……t n And the zero sequence voltage is collected by the time terminal.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the single-phase earth fault location method of the power distribution network using the zero sequence information quantity, the fault location function of the low-current earth fault can be realized by using the zero sequence voltage and zero sequence current signals measured by the upstream device of the fault point, the number of terminals is reduced, the cost for realizing the location function is reduced, and meanwhile, the problem of inaccurate location result of a double-end location algorithm caused by clock synchronization errors and the like is avoided.
The technology adopts the fault phase voltage in the fixed time window to replace the equivalent voltage source voltage at the fault point during normal operation, and the equivalent process has higher correctness and feasibility; the technology calculates the line parameters from the installation position of the device to the fault point through the differential equation of the equivalent circuit, is not influenced by the fault type (such as intermittent arc grounding) of the fault point, and is not limited by a signal with a certain frequency because the differential equation based on the line parameters is true for any form of excitation signal.
The zero sequence voltage and zero sequence current signals can be acquired through the traditional power frequency sensor acquisition or three-phase synthesis, no additional primary equipment is needed, and other primary equipment is not needed to cooperate, so that the practical application value is high.
The technology can directly calculate the fault distance by using the branch line device, and reduces the cost of equipment to be installed at the tail end of the double-end ranging scheme.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a single-phase earth fault location method of a power distribution network using zero sequence information quantity.
Detailed Description
FIG. 1 is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is further described with reference to FIG. 1.
As shown in fig. 1, a single-phase earth fault location method for a power distribution network using zero sequence information quantity includes the following steps:
step 1001, beginning;
the distribution terminal installed on the distribution line detects single-phase earth fault conditions in the line in real time.
Step 1002, judging whether a single-phase earth fault occurs;
the power distribution terminal determines whether a single-phase earth fault has occurred in its downstream line, if so, it executes step 1003, and if not, it returns to step 1001.
Step 1003, the power distribution terminal records fault components in a fixed time window;
when the distribution terminal detects that a single-phase earth fault occurs in a downstream line, the distribution terminal records fault components in a fixed time window before and after the fault occurs, wherein the fault components are a zero-sequence voltage component and a zero-sequence current component, and the zero-sequence voltage component and the zero-sequence current component can be obtained through a three-phase synthesis or zero-sequence transformer.
The distribution terminal marks the phase voltage before the fault line fault occurs as u H (t) after single-phase earth fault occursThe zero sequence voltage is recorded as u 0 (t) zero sequence current after failure is i 0 (t), and combining-u H (t) is equivalent to the zero sequence voltage of the fault point. Defining the zero sequence voltage drop of the fault line as deltau (t), wherein deltau (t) =u 0 (t)-(-u H (t))。
Further obtaining a calculation formula of the zero sequence voltage drop delta u (t) of the fault line:
wherein r is 0 、l 0 、c 0 Respectively representing the zero sequence resistance parameter, the zero sequence inductance parameter and the zero sequence capacitance parameter of the unit length of the fault line, wherein D is the fault distance, and R F For transition resistance at fault point, U 0 (t) represents the zero sequence voltage, i, collected by the terminal 0 And (t) represents the zero sequence current collected by the terminal.
Step 1004, establishing an overdetermined equation set taking the fault line parameters as unknowns;
and establishing an overdetermined equation set based on fault line parameters according to fault component data in a fixed time window after the fault, wherein the equation is as follows:
wherein r is 0 、l 0 、c 0 The zero sequence impedance parameter of the unit length of the fault line is D is the fault distance, R F Is the transition resistance of the fault point, t 1 、t 2 ……t n Each sampling point in the fixed time window is represented by subscripts 1, 2, … … n, which represent the number of sampling points in the fixed time window, and the specific value is determined by the sampling frequency of the terminal and the length of the time window. i.e 0 (t 1 )、i 0 (t 2 )、……i 0 (t n ) Respectively indicate t after failure 1 、t 2 、……t n Zero sequence current at time. Deltau (t) 1 )、Δu(t 2 )、……Δu(t n ) Respectively indicate t after failure 1 、t 2 、……t n Zero sequence voltage drop of time fault line, U 0 (t 1 )、U 0 (t 2 )、……U 0 (t n ) Respectively indicate t after failure 1 、t 2 、……t n And the zero sequence voltage is collected by the time terminal.
Step 1005, solving an overdetermined equation set to obtain a correlation matrix;
solving the overdetermined equation set obtained in the step 1004 by using a least square method, and further obtaining zero sequence impedance parameters from the power distribution terminal to the fault point: zero sequence resistance parameter Dr from distribution terminal to fault point 0 Zero sequence inductance parameter Dl from distribution terminal to fault point 0 Zero sequence capacitance parameter Dc from distribution terminal to fault point 0 Wherein D is the distance to failure; point of failure transition resistance R F Matrix of correlations: the coefficient matrix is S UI The unknown matrix is Z, and the constant matrix is S △U ；
The coefficient matrix is S UI The unknown matrix is Z, and the constant matrix is S △U . The expressions are as follows:
the normal equation set is:
T＝[S UI S ΔU ]
t is positive definite matrix, and three-phase decomposition is carried out on the positive definite matrix.
Step 1006, judging whether the line topology and the line parameters of each section are known;
the distribution terminal determines whether the line topology information and the line parameters of each segment are known, if so, performs step 1007, and if not, performs step 1008.
Step 1007, calculating to obtain a fault distance and a fault point transition resistance;
after the overdetermined equation set is solved by the least square method, the numerical value of each component element in the matrix Z is obtained in the solving result, namely the product of the zero sequence impedance parameter of unit length and the fault distance D: dl 0 、Dr 0 Or the product of the zero sequence impedance parameter per unit length and the square of the fault distance D: d (D) 2 l 0 r 0 、D 2 r 0 c 0 And a fault point transition resistance R F When the distribution terminal downstream line topology and each section zero sequence unit parameter r 0 、l 0 、c 0 When known, the fault distance D and the fault point transition resistance R can be directly obtained F 。
Step 1008, outputting zero sequence impedance parameters from the distribution terminal to a fault point and a fault point transition resistance;
when the distribution terminal downstream line topology and each section zero sequence unit parameter r 0 、l 0 、c 0 When unknown, directly outputting the product of the zero sequence impedance parameter of unit length obtained by solving the overdetermined equation set and the fault distance D: dl 0 、Dr 0 Or the product of the zero sequence impedance parameter per unit length and the square of the fault distance D: d (D) 2 l 0 r 0 、D 2 r 0 c 0 And a fault point transition resistance R F 。
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention in any way, and any person skilled in the art may make modifications or alterations to the disclosed technical content to the equivalent embodiments. However, any simple modification, equivalent variation and variation of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A distribution network single-phase earth fault distance measurement method utilizing zero sequence information quantity comprises a distribution terminal arranged on a distribution line, and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1001, a power distribution terminal detects single-phase earth fault conditions in a line in real time;
step 1002, the power distribution terminal judges whether a single-phase grounding fault occurs in a downstream line of the power distribution terminal, if the single-phase grounding fault occurs, step 1003 is executed, if the single-phase grounding fault does not occur, step 1001 is returned;
step 1003, after the power distribution terminal detects that a single-phase earth fault occurs in a line downstream of the power distribution terminal, the power distribution terminal records fault components in a fixed time window before and after the fault occurs, and obtains zero sequence voltage drop of the fault line;
step 1004, establishing an overdetermined equation set based on fault line parameters according to fault component data in a fixed time window after a fault;
step 1005, solving the overdetermined equation set obtained in step 1004 by using a least square method, and further obtaining zero sequence impedance parameters from the power distribution terminal to the fault point: zero sequence resistance parameter Dr from distribution terminal to fault point 0 Zero sequence inductance parameter Dl from distribution terminal to fault point 0 Zero sequence capacitance parameter Dc from distribution terminal to fault point 0 Wherein D is the distance to failure; point of failure transition resistance R F Matrix of correlations: the coefficient matrix is S UI The unknown matrix is Z, and the constant matrix is S △U ；
Step 1006, the power distribution terminal determines whether the line topology information and the line parameters of each segment are known, if so, step 1007 is executed, and if not, step 1008 is executed;
step 1007, the power distribution terminal uses the known line topology information and the line parameters of each section, and uses the unknown quantity matrix in step 1005 as each element of Z: product of zero sequence impedance parameter per unit length and fault distance D: dl 0 、Dr 0 And a fault point transition resistance R F Or the product of zero sequence impedance parameter per unit length and fault distance D squared: d (D) 2 l 0 r 0 、D 2 r 0 c 0 And a fault point transition resistance R F Calculated to obtainDistance to fault D and point of fault transition resistance R F ；
Step 1008, the distribution terminal outputs the unknown quantity matrix in step 1007 as each element in Z: product of zero sequence impedance parameter per unit length and fault distance D: dl 0 、Dr 0 And a fault point transition resistance R F Or the product of zero sequence impedance parameter per unit length and fault distance D squared: d (D) 2 l 0 r 0 、D 2 r 0 c 0 And a fault point transition resistance R F ；
r 0 、l 0 、c 0 The zero-sequence resistance parameter, the zero-sequence inductance parameter and the zero-sequence capacitance parameter of the unit length of the fault line are respectively represented.
2. The distribution network single-phase earth fault location method using zero sequence information according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fault components described in step 1003 include a zero sequence voltage component and a zero sequence current component.
3. The distribution network single-phase earth fault location method using zero sequence information according to claim 1, characterized in that: the calculation formula of the zero sequence voltage drop deltau (t) of the fault line in step 1003 is as follows:
wherein r is 0 、l 0 、c 0 Respectively representing the zero sequence resistance parameter, the zero sequence inductance parameter and the zero sequence capacitance parameter of the unit length of the fault line, wherein D is the fault distance, and R F For transition resistance at fault point, U 0 (t) represents the zero sequence voltage, i, collected by the terminal 0 And (t) represents the zero sequence current collected by the terminal.
4. The distribution network single-phase earth fault location method using zero sequence information according to claim 1, characterized in that: the system of overdetermined equations described in step 1004 is:
wherein r is 0 、l 0 、c 0 The zero sequence impedance parameter of the unit length of the fault line is D is the fault distance, R F Is the transition resistance of the fault point, t 1 、t 2 ……t n Each sample point in the fixed time window is represented by subscripts 1, 2, … … n, which represent the number of sample points in the fixed time window, i 0 (t 1 )、i 0 (t 2 )、……i 0 (t n ) Respectively indicate t after failure 1 、t 2 、……t n Zero sequence current, U at moment 0 Represents the zero sequence voltage acquired by the terminal, deltau (t 1 )、Δu(t 2 )、……Δu(t n ) Respectively indicate t after failure 1 、t 2 、……t n Zero sequence voltage drop of time fault line, U 0 (t 1 )、U 0 (t 2 )、……U 0 (t n ) Respectively indicate t after failure 1 、t 2 、……t n And the zero sequence voltage is collected by the time terminal.
5. The distribution network single-phase earth fault location method using zero sequence information according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step 1005, the coefficient matrix is S UI The unknown matrix is Z, and the constant matrix is S △U The expressions of (2) are respectively:
wherein r is 0 、l 0 、c 0 The zero sequence impedance parameter of the unit length of the fault line is D is the fault distance, R F Is the transition resistance of the fault point, t 1 、t 2 ……t n Each sample point in the fixed time window is represented by subscripts 1, 2, … … n, which represent the number of sample points in the fixed time window, i 0 (t 1 )、i 0 (t 2 )、……i 0 (t n ) Respectively indicate t after failure 1 、t 2 、……t n Zero sequence current, U at moment 0 Represents the zero sequence voltage acquired by the terminal, deltau (t 1 )、Δu(t 2 )、……Δu(t n ) Respectively indicate t after failure 1 、t 2 、……t n Zero sequence voltage drop of time fault line, U 0 (t 1 )、U 0 (t 2 )、……U 0 (t n ) Respectively indicate t after failure 1 、t 2 、……t n And the zero sequence voltage is collected by the time terminal.
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| CN112731052A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-30 | 华南理工大学 | Power distribution network ground fault section positioning method based on zero sequence characteristic quantity |
| CN112858842A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-05-28 | 山东科汇电力自动化股份有限公司 | Small current ground fault distance measurement method based on transient zero-modulus component |
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