CN113702615B - Method for judging slagging performance of coal ash - Google Patents
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- CN113702615B CN113702615B CN202110998813.4A CN202110998813A CN113702615B CN 113702615 B CN113702615 B CN 113702615B CN 202110998813 A CN202110998813 A CN 202110998813A CN 113702615 B CN113702615 B CN 113702615B
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- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 21
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/22—Fuels; Explosives
- G01N33/222—Solid fuels, e.g. coal
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/02—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating changes of state or changes of phase; by investigating sintering
- G01N25/04—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating changes of state or changes of phase; by investigating sintering of melting point; of freezing point; of softening point
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for judging the slagging performance of coal ash, which comprises the following steps: 1. testing the softening temperature ST of the coal ash and the components of the coal ash according to the method for measuring the meltability of the coal ash of GB/T219 and the method for analyzing the components of the coal ash of GB/T1574; 2. converting the coal ash components in mass percent to SO removal 3 The molar percentage of the coal ash component is as follows; 3. calculating correction of different coal ash components to the coal ash melting temperature ST; 4. and 5, calculating the final revised softening temperature STR, and evaluating the slagging performance of the coal sample according to the STR value, wherein the lower the STR value is, the stronger the slagging performance of the coal ash is. The invention fully considers the defect of judging the slagging performance of the coal by the melting temperature of the existing coal ash, revises the slagging performance according to the different influence trend of different coal ash components, can accurately judge the slagging performance of the coal by the revised STR value, has closer actual operation result to the power plant and has higher industrial application value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of judging the slagging performance of power coal, in particular to a method for judging the slagging performance of coal ash with high precision, which is suitable for power coal.
Background
The coal ash slagging is that ash in coal is melted and cohered in the combustion process, and is solidified and accumulated on a heating surface to form slag particles or slag blocks. The slag bonding of the pulverized coal boiler can cause the serious accidents such as the reduction of the boiler efficiency, the reduction of the boiler output, and even the fire extinguishment and the shutdown of the boiler when serious. When the slagging performance of the burning coal and the boiler design are not matched, boiler slagging is easy to occur, and the slagging performance of the coal is the root cause of boiler slagging. Therefore, it is very important to grasp the slagging performance of coal types, and the current method for judging the slagging performance of coal ash mainly comprises the indexes of the melting temperature of the coal ash and the composition of the coal ash, and a small-sized and medium-sized combustion slagging test bed. The former test method is simple, but the discrimination precision is limited, no related index can accurately judge all coal types, the latter test method is troublesome, and after the slagging performance of the coal types reaches a serious grade, the discrimination of the slagging performance cannot be further accurately divided, and the test needs to be carried out to a professional institution, so that long time is required to be consumed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for judging the slagging performance of coal ash with high precision, which is suitable for power coal.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for judging the slagging performance of coal ash comprises the following steps:
the first step: the softening temperature ST (. Degree.C.) and the ash composition (specifically comprising SiO) of the ash were tested according to the method for measuring the melting Property of GB/T219 and the method for analyzing the composition of GB/T1574 2 、Al 2 O 3 、Fe 2 O 3 、CaO、MgO、Na 2 O、K 2 O、TiO 2 、MnO 2 And SO 3 ，％)；
And a second step of: converting the coal ash components in mass percent to SO removal 3 The molar percentage of the coal ash component is calculated specificallyThe following are provided:
MXO i meaning that the ith species is SO-free 3 Mole percent,%;
XO i meaning that the ith species is SO-free 3 The mass percent of the coal ash component;
mm i meaning that the ith species is SO-free 3 The chemical molecular weight of the soot component of (2);
meaning all SO-free 3 The sum of the mole percentages of the soot components of (a);
and a third step of: calculating the correction of different coal ash components to the softening temperature ST of the coal ash
1) If MNA 2 O>3, TNa = -2.5× (MNa 2 O) 2 +89×MNa 2 O-208, otherwise TNa =0;
2) If MK 2 O>2, tk= -1.5× (MK 2 O) 2 +54×MK 2 O-100, otherwise tk=0;
3) If MCaO+MMgO >25 and ST >1200 DEG C
TCaMg＝-0.02×(MCaO+MMgO) 2 -10× (mcao+mmgo) -255, otherwise tcamg=0;
4) If MFe 2 O 3 >8 and MNA 2 O>3，TFe＝-0.28×(MFe 2 O 3 ) 2 +24×MFe 2 O 3 -176, otherwise tfe=0;
wherein TNa, TK, TCaMg, TFe respectively represents Na in coal ash 2 O、K 2 O, caO +MgO and Fe 2 O 3 The influence of the mole percent content of alumina on the softening temperature of the coal ash;
fourth step: calculating the final revised softening temperature STR of the coal ash;
STR＝ST-TNa-TK-TCaMg-TFe
fifth step: evaluating the slagging performance of the coal sample according to the STR value, wherein the lower the STR value is, the stronger the slagging performance of the coal ash is; the specific classification grades are as follows:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention has the advantages that (1) the conventional test result is adopted, and the high-precision coal ash slagging performance judgment can be obtained through simple correction, and the method is simple but has higher accuracy; (2) the softening temperature of the coal ash is reserved as the basis of judging the slagging performance, the influence of different coal ash components on the melting temperature and the slagging performance of the coal ash is fully considered on the basis, reasonable correction is provided, and the defect that the melting temperature of the coal ash is used as the slagging performance judging index is overcome; (3) the invention combines the slagging conditions of different coal types in laboratories and sites to obtain the key coal ash component K which influences the slagging performance of the coal ash 2 O and Na 2 O、Fe 2 O 3 And the influence trend of CaO and MgO on the slagging performance of the coal ash, and the influence deviation and the mutual influence of different coal ash components on the slagging performance are fully considered; (4) because the reaction between different coal ash components to generate a compound with lower melting point is a molar ratio reaction, the invention creatively proposes to correct by adopting a method of molar percentage of the coal ash components; (5) the method eliminates SO when calculating the mole percentages of different coal ash components 3 Index, reducing SO in high-calcium coal ash 3 And when the content test value is higher, the interference (6) to the content of other coal ash components comprehensively considers the actual slagging performance test result of different coal types in a laboratory, the actual slagging condition of different coal types in a power plant and the characteristics of the coal ash softening temperature STR value of different coal types after revising, and the interval division of the STR value on the judgment of the slagging performance of the coal types, and the blending sintering or single sintering requirements of different slagging grade coal types in an actual boiler and the boiler design requirements are given. (7) The invention has wide application range to coal types, and is suitable for all power coals such as anthracite, lean coal, bituminous coal, lignite and the like. (8) The research result of the invention can guideThe related professionals can better master the slagging performance of the coal and carry out practical application, and the method has higher industrial application value.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to examples.
The first step: the softening temperature ST (. Degree.C.) and the ash composition (specifically comprising SiO) of the ash were tested according to the method for measuring the melting Property of GB/T219 and the method for analyzing the composition of GB/T1574 2 、Al 2 O 3 、Fe 2 O 3 、CaO、MgO、Na 2 O、K 2 O、TiO 2 、MnO 2 And SO 3 ，％)；
And a second step of: converting the coal ash components in mass percent to SO removal 3 The molar percentage of the coal ash component is specifically calculated as follows:
MXO i meaning that the ith species is SO-free 3 Mole percent,%;
XO i meaning that the ith species is SO-free 3 The mass percent of the coal ash component;
mm i meaning that the ith species is SO-free 3 The chemical molecular weight of the soot component of (2);
meaning all SO-free 3 The sum of the mole percentages of the soot components of (a);
and a third step of: calculating correction of different coal ash components to the coal ash melting temperature ST;
1) If MNA 2 O>3, TNa = -2.5× (MNa 2 O) 2 +89×MNa 2 O-208, otherwise TNa =0;
2) If MK 2 O>2, tk= -1.5× (MK 2 O) 2 +54×MK 2 O-100, otherwise tk=0;
3) If MCaO+MMgO >25 and ST >1200 DEG C
TCaMg＝-0.02×(MCaO+MMgO) 2 -10× (mcao+mmgo) -255, otherwise tcamg=0;
4) If MFe 2 O 3 >8 and MNA 2 O>3，TFe＝-0.28×(MFe 2 O 3 ) 2 +24×MFe 2 O 3 -176, otherwise tfe=0;
wherein TNa, TK, TCaMg, TFe respectively represents Na in coal ash 2 O、K 2 O, caO +MgO and Fe 2 O 3 The influence of the mole percent content of alumina on the softening temperature of the coal ash;
fourth step: calculating the final revised softening temperature STR of the coal ash;
STR＝ST-TNa-TK-TCaMg-TFe
fifth step: evaluating the slagging performance of the coal sample according to the STR value, wherein the lower the STR value is, the stronger the slagging performance of the coal ash is; the specific classification is as follows
Table 1 shows the STR calculation results of typical high-sodium coal, and as can be seen from Table 1, the coal ash softening temperature ST test results of different high-sodium coals are between 1090 ℃ and 1500 ℃ and have larger difference, but the high-sodium coal can not reach 100% of the full-load combustion in a long period of a pulverized coal boiler. The corrected STR value is between 460 and 950 ℃ and is lower than that of domestic typical low-sodium coal. The corrected STR of the high-sodium coal 1 with ST up to 1400 ℃ is only 464 ℃, although the molar percentage of Na2O in the coal ash is up to 15.8% and the molar percentage of CaO and MgO is more than 70%, the high-sodium coal 1 with ST up to 1400 ℃ has high false coal ash melting point test value due to the excessively high content of CaO and MgO, so the STR of the invention can more embody the real slagging performance of the coal ash. Despite the Na of high sodium coal 6 2 The mole percent of O is the lowest, but STR results show that the slagging performance is not the lowest, and is mainly related to the CaO+MgO content of more than 80 percent. According to the discrimination result of STR, the slagging performance of typical high-sodium coal in Table 1 is discriminated as III-grade and II-grade serious slagging, and the coal dust cannot be obtained at presentThe boiler reaches pure burning, and the judging result of the invention is consistent with the actual situation.
Table 1 STR calculation results for typical high sodium coals
Table 2 shows the STR calculation results of typical non-high sodium low melting point coals, and the STR values of the coals are generally equal to or close to the ST values, so that the slag bonding performance of the coal ash can be judged with higher precision by adopting the conventional coal ash melting point. According to the discrimination results of STR, the slagging performance of typical non-high sodium low melting point coal in table 1 is discriminated as I-level serious slagging and high slagging, the boiler design adopts strict or effective slagging prevention optimization design to achieve pure sintering, and the discrimination results of the invention are consistent with the actual conditions.
TABLE 2 STR calculation results for typical non-high sodium low melting point coals
Table 3 shows the STR calculation results of typical non-high sodium medium and high melting point coals, and the STR value of the coals is generally equal to or close to the ST value, and the slag bonding performance of the coal ash is judged by adopting the conventional coal ash melting point with higher precision. According to the judging result of STR, the slagging performance of typical non-high-sodium medium-high melting point coal in the table is judged to be medium slagging and low slagging, the slagging problem is not needed to be considered excessively in boiler design, and the judging result is consistent with the actual situation.
TABLE 3 STR calculation results for typical non-high sodium low melting point coals
。
Claims (2)
1. A method for judging the slagging performance of coal ash is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the first step: testing the softening temperature ST of the coal ash and the components of the coal ash according to the method for measuring the meltability of the coal ash of GB/T219 and the method for analyzing the components of the coal ash of GB/T1574;
and a second step of: converting the coal ash components in mass percent to SO removal 3 The molar percentage of the coal ash component is specifically calculated as follows:
MXO i meaning that the ith species is SO-free 3 Mole percent,%;
XO i meaning that the ith species is SO-free 3 The mass percent of the coal ash component;
mm i meaning that the ith species is SO-free 3 The chemical molecular weight of the soot component of (2);
meaning SO-free 3 The sum of the mole percentages of all the ash components of (a);
and a third step of: calculating correction of different coal ash components to the softening temperature ST of the coal ash;
1) If MNA 2 O>3, TNa = -2.5× (MNa 2 O) 2 +89×MNa 2 O-208, otherwise TNa =0;
2) If MK 2 O>2, tk= -1.5× (MK 2 O) 2 +54×MK 2 O-100, otherwise tk=0;
3) If MCaO+MMgO >25 and ST >1200 DEG C
TCaMg＝-0.02×(MCaO+MMgO) 2 -10× (mcao+mmgo) -255, otherwise tcamg=0;
4) If MFe 2 O 3 >8 and MNA 2 O>3，TFe＝-0.28×(MFe 2 O 3 ) 2 +24×MFe 2 O 3 -176, otherwise tfe=0;
wherein TNa, TK, TCaMg, TFe respectively represents Na in coal ash 2 O、K 2 O, caO +MgO and Fe 2 O 3 The influence of the mole percent content of alumina on the softening temperature of the coal ash;
fourth step: calculating the final revised softening temperature STR of the coal ash;
STR＝ST-TNa-TK-TCaMg-TFe
fifth step: evaluating the slagging performance of the coal sample according to the STR value, wherein the lower the STR value is, the stronger the slagging performance of the coal ash is; the specific classification is as follows
。
2. The method for judging the slagging property of the coal ash according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the coal ash component in the first step comprises SiO 2 、Al 2 O 3 、Fe 2 O 3 、CaO、MgO、Na 2 O、K 2 O、TiO 2 、MnO 2 And SO 3 。
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