CN113701791A - Method for coding and identifying displacement by utilizing resonance spectrum of SNAP structure microcavity - Google Patents
Method for coding and identifying displacement by utilizing resonance spectrum of SNAP structure microcavity Download PDFInfo
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- CN113701791A CN113701791A CN202110919041.0A CN202110919041A CN113701791A CN 113701791 A CN113701791 A CN 113701791A CN 202110919041 A CN202110919041 A CN 202110919041A CN 113701791 A CN113701791 A CN 113701791A
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- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/347—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells using displacement encoding scales
- G01D5/34746—Linear encoders
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for coding and identifying displacement by utilizing a resonance spectrum of an SNAP structure microcavity, S1, moving the SNAP structure microcavity along the axial direction of the SNAP structure microcavity and keeping contact with a coupling waveguide to generate coupling, and recording resonance spectrums on nodes at different positions; s2, converting each resonance wavelength into a standard bar code; s3, inputting the obtained standard bar codes into a library to obtain a standard bar code library of different coupling positions where the SNAP structure microcavity and the coupling waveguide are located; s4, converting the resonance spectrum of the coupling position to be detected into a bar code to be detected according to the content of the step S2; s5, encoding the bar code to be detected and the bar code in the standard bar code library to form a signal matrix; and S6, comparing the signal matrix of the bar code to be detected with the signal matrix of the standard bar code in the standard bar code library, and searching out the maximum value in the cross correlation coefficient matrix, wherein the displacement represented by the standard bar code corresponding to the maximum value is the actual displacement of the bar code to be detected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical sensing, and particularly relates to a method for coding and identifying displacement by utilizing a resonance spectrum of a microcavity with an SNAP structure.
Background
In recent years, the optical microcavity sensing technology is unique in the advanced research of biosensing, precision measurement and the like by virtue of the advantages of ultrahigh sensitivity, no need of marks, quick response, easiness in integration and the like. The whispering gallery mode microcavity has great potential in the displacement sensing field as a high-performance optical resonant cavity, and can theoretically reach sub-nanometer resolution and millimeter-scale range. The existing displacement sensing scheme based on the whispering gallery mode microcavity mainly utilizes microcavity deformation to cause the change of coupling conditions, and realizes displacement sensing by measuring the wavelength displacement offset and the transmittance change of a single resonance mode.
However, this method has the following disadvantages: 1. is easily influenced by external temperature fluctuation; 2. when characteristic parameters such as a Q value, a transmittance and the like are obtained from the resonance spectrum, a series of operations are needed, so that the calculated amount of the test system is increased, and the running speed of the test system is reduced; 3. only the relative displacement of the displacement sensing system can be measured, and the absolute displacement change of the sensor is difficult to track.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a method for coding and identifying displacement by utilizing a resonance spectrum of a microcavity of a SNAP structure. The method encodes the resonance wavelength and transmittance information of each order of axial mode in the resonance spectrum of the SNAP structure microcavity into a bar code, and calculates the correlation degree of the bar code to be detected and the standard bar code by using a cross-correlation function method so as to achieve the purpose of quickly and accurately identifying microcavity displacement.
The purpose of the invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:
a method for encoding and identifying displacements using the resonance spectrum of a SNAP-structure microcavity, comprising the steps of:
s1, moving the SNAP structure microcavity along the axial direction of the SNAP structure microcavity and keeping contact with the coupling waveguide to generate coupling by using a displacement sensing system of the SNAP structure microcavity, and recording resonance spectrums on nodes at different positions;
s2, taking the position of each resonance wavelength in the resonance spectrum as the central position of a black bar code, wherein the width of the black bar code corresponds to the transmittance of each resonance mode, so that the recorded resonance spectrum is converted into a standard bar code;
s3, inputting the obtained standard bar codes into a library to obtain a standard bar code library of different coupling positions where the SNAP structure microcavity and the coupling waveguide are located;
s4, converting the resonance spectrum of the coupling position to be detected into a bar code to be detected according to the content of the step S2;
s5, encoding black bar codes of the bar codes to be detected and the bar codes in the standard bar code library into a plurality of 1, and encoding blank bar codes into a plurality of 0, so that each bar code forms a signal matrix consisting of 0 and 1;
s6, comparing the bar code to be detected with the signal matrix of the standard bar code in the standard bar code library, and searching the maximum value in the cross correlation coefficient matrix, wherein the displacement represented by the standard bar code corresponding to the maximum value is the actual displacement of the bar code to be detected.
Further, the specific content of step S6 is:
and calculating the cross correlation coefficient of the signal matrix x (t) of the bar code to be detected and the signal matrix y (t) of each standard bar code by using a cross correlation function method to form a cross correlation coefficient matrix.
Further, the displacement range of the displacement node of the resonance spectrum of the step S1 is 0-200 μm.
As a preferable scheme, the number of the displacement nodes is 1200, and 1200 standard barcodes are formed.
Further, the displacement sensing system comprises a tunable laser, a coupling waveguide, a SNAP structure microcavity and a photoelectric detector; the SNAP structure microcavity is contacted with the coupling waveguide to be coupled, the generated optical signal is output from the output end of the coupling waveguide, a resonance spectrum is obtained by detecting the optical signal through a photoelectric detector, the position of each resonance wavelength in the resonance spectrum is used as the central position of a black bar code, the width of the black bar code corresponds to the transmittance of each resonance mode, and the black bar code is converted into a standard bar code or a bar code to be detected.
Further, the cross-correlation function expression is:
wherein, T is sample observation time, tau is time shift, x (T) is matrix signal of the bar code to be detected, and y (T) is matrix signal of the standard bar code.
The implementation of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention uses a photoelectric detector to measure the optical signal output by the coupling waveguide coupled to the SNAP structure microcavity to obtain the resonance spectrum; because the resonance spectrums at different coupling positions are unique, the resonance wavelength and transmittance information of each order of axial mode in the resonance spectrum of the SNAP structure microcavity can be coded into a bar code, the correlation degree of the bar code to be detected and the standard bar code is calculated by using a cross-correlation function method so as to achieve the purpose of quickly and accurately identifying the microcavity displacement, and the problem that the relative displacement can only be obtained according to the resonance peak shift but the absolute displacement cannot be obtained in the prior art is solved.
2. Based on the mode spectrum structure characteristics of the SNAP structure microcavity, the method utilizes the characteristic that displacement change can cause the change of characteristic parameters of each axial mode of the SNAP structure microcavity, and establishes a standard bar code library by encoding the obtained resonance spectrum, so that the influence of external environmental factors such as temperature fluctuation on sensing precision can be effectively reduced, and meanwhile, the resonance spectrum obtained by the system is clean and regular, and is beneficial to quick and accurate encoding and identification of bar codes.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a displacement sensing system of the present invention utilizing the resonance spectrum of a SNAP structure microcavity for encoding and identifying displacements.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a standard bar code converted by the method of the present invention for encoding and identifying displacements using the resonance spectrum of SNAP-structured microcavities.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the SNAP-structure microcavity with zero axial displacement distance along the SNAP-structure microcavity according to the method for encoding and identifying displacement by using the resonance spectrum of the SNAP-structure microcavity.
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the shifted resonance spectrum acquired in FIG. 3.
FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of a SNAP-structured microcavity moving along its own axis by a distance of 50 microns for a method of the present invention for encoding and identifying displacements using the resonance spectrum of the SNAP-structured microcavity.
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the shifted resonance spectrum acquired in FIG. 5.
FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of the SNAP-structured microcavity moving a distance of 100 microns axially along itself according to the method of the present invention for encoding and identifying displacement using the resonance spectrum of the SNAP-structured microcavity.
FIG. 8 is a schematic representation of the shift resonance spectrum acquired in FIG. 7.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of cross-correlation calculation between a barcode to be detected and a standard barcode in a standard barcode library by using a method for encoding and identifying displacement by using a resonance spectrum of a microcavity with a SNAP structure according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, the present embodiment relates to a method for encoding and identifying displacement using a resonance spectrum of a microcavity of a SNAP structure, including the steps of:
s1, moving the SNAP structure microcavity along the axial direction of the SNAP structure microcavity and keeping contact with the coupling waveguide to generate coupling by using a displacement sensing system of the SNAP structure microcavity, and recording resonance spectrums on nodes at different positions;
s2, taking the position of each resonance wavelength in the resonance spectrum as the central position of a black bar code, wherein the width of the black bar code corresponds to the transmittance of each resonance mode, so that the recorded resonance spectrum is converted into a standard bar code; the resulting standard barcode is referred to as the standard barcode of the position of the SNAP-structure microcavity with respect to the coupling waveguide.
S3, inputting the obtained standard bar codes into a library to obtain a standard bar code library of different coupling positions where the SNAP structure microcavity and the coupling waveguide are located;
s4, converting the resonance spectrum of the coupling position to be detected into a bar code to be detected according to the same rule of the step S2;
s5, encoding black bar codes of the bar codes to be detected and the bar codes in the standard bar code library into a plurality of 1 according to a certain resolution, and encoding blank bar codes into a plurality of 0, so that each bar code forms a signal matrix consisting of 0 and 1;
and S6, comparing the signal matrix of the bar code to be detected with the signal matrix of the standard bar code in the standard bar code library. And calculating the cross correlation coefficient of the signal matrix x (t) of the bar code to be detected and the signal matrix y (t) of each standard bar code by using a cross correlation function method to form a cross correlation coefficient matrix. And searching the maximum value in the cross-correlation coefficient matrix, wherein the displacement represented by the standard bar code corresponding to the maximum value is the actual displacement of the bar code to be detected.
The cross-correlation function expression is:
wherein, T is sample observation time, tau is time shift, x (T) is matrix signal of the bar code to be detected, and y (T) is matrix signal of the standard bar code.
Specifically, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a displacement sensing system of a SNAP-structure microcavity for acquiring a resonance spectrum according to the present invention. The displacement sensing system comprises a tunable laser 1, a coupling waveguide 2, an SNAP structure microcavity 3 and a photoelectric detector 4; the SNAP structure microcavity 3 is contacted with the coupling waveguide 2 to generate coupling, the generated optical signal is output from the output end of the coupling waveguide 2, a resonance spectrum is obtained by detecting through the photoelectric detector 4, the position of each resonance wavelength in the resonance spectrum is used as the central position of a black bar code through the computer 40, the width of the black bar code corresponds to the transmittance of each resonance mode, and the black bar code is converted into a standard bar code or a bar code 5 to be detected.
Fig. 2 is a standard bar code. The standard bar code is converted according to the following rules: taking the position of each resonance wavelength in the resonance spectrum as the central position of a black bar code, wherein the width of the black bar code corresponds to the transmittance of each resonance mode, so that the resonance spectrum is converted into a standard bar code;
as shown in fig. 3 to 8, the SNAP-structure microcavity moves along the axial direction of the SNAP-structure microcavity and keeps in contact with the coupling waveguide to generate coupling, resonance spectra at nodes at different positions are recorded, the displacement range is 0-200 μm, only half of displacement can be measured due to the symmetrical structure of the SNAP-structure microcavity, and 1200 displacement nodes are taken.
And converting the acquired resonance spectrum of 1200 displacement nodes into a standard bar code according to the rule. The 1200 standard barcodes are warehouse entry standard barcodes of 1200 different coupling positions where the SNAP structure microcavity and the coupling waveguide are coupled.
And converting the resonance spectrum corresponding to the coupling position to be detected into the bar code to be detected according to the rule.
The black bar codes of the bar codes to be detected and all the standard bar codes in the standard bar code library are coded into a plurality of 1 according to a certain resolution, the blank bar codes are coded into a plurality of 0, and each bar code forms a signal matrix consisting of 0 and 1.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating the cross-correlation calculation between the barcode to be detected and the standard barcodes in the standard barcode library. Comparing the signal matrix of the bar code to be detected with 1200 standard bar code signal matrixes of the standard bar code library, performing cross-correlation calculation to obtain a cross-correlation coefficient matrix, as shown in fig. 4, respectively marking 0.9870, 0.8867 and 0.7604, obviously, the maximum cross-correlation coefficient is 0.9870, and the displacement represented by the corresponding standard bar code 1 is the displacement represented by the bar code to be detected.
The method is based on the mode spectrum structure characteristics of the SNAP structure microcavity, utilizes the characteristic that displacement change can cause the change of characteristic parameters of each axial mode of the SNAP structure microcavity, and establishes a standard bar code library by encoding the obtained resonance spectrum, so that the influence of external environmental factors such as temperature fluctuation on sensing precision can be effectively reduced, and meanwhile, the resonance spectrum obtained by the system is clean and regular, and is beneficial to encoding and identifying bar codes. Because the spectrum coding is a better coding method easy to identify, and the bar code is a good description mode for a single physical quantity, each bar code can distinguish each displacement according to the unique WGM resonance spectrum of the bar code, the method is simple and easy to implement, and the standard bar code with the highest correlation degree of the bar code to be detected is identified by utilizing the cross-correlation function, so that the absolute displacement is directly obtained.
While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiment, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A method for encoding and identifying displacement by using a resonance spectrum of a microcavity of a SNAP structure, comprising the steps of:
s1, moving the SNAP structure microcavity along the axial direction of the SNAP structure microcavity and keeping contact with the coupling waveguide to generate coupling by using a displacement sensing system of the SNAP structure microcavity, and recording resonance spectrums on nodes at different positions;
s2, taking the position of each resonance wavelength in the resonance spectrum as the central position of a black bar code, wherein the width of the black bar code corresponds to the transmittance of each resonance mode, so that the recorded resonance spectrum is converted into a standard bar code;
s3, inputting the obtained standard bar codes into a library to obtain a standard bar code library of different coupling positions where the SNAP structure microcavity and the coupling waveguide are located;
s4, converting the resonance spectrum of the coupling position to be detected into a bar code to be detected according to the content of the step S2;
s5, encoding black bar codes of the bar codes to be detected and the bar codes in the standard bar code library into a plurality of 1, and encoding blank bar codes into a plurality of 0, so that each bar code forms a signal matrix consisting of 0 and 1;
s6, comparing the bar code to be detected with the signal matrix of the standard bar code in the standard bar code library, and searching the maximum value in the cross correlation coefficient matrix, wherein the displacement represented by the standard bar code corresponding to the maximum value is the actual displacement of the bar code to be detected.
2. The method for encoding and identifying the displacement by using the resonance spectrum of the SNAP structure microcavity as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S6 is specifically performed by:
and calculating the cross correlation coefficient of the signal matrix x (t) of the bar code to be detected and the signal matrix y (t) of each standard bar code by using a cross correlation function method to form a cross correlation coefficient matrix.
3. The method for encoding and identifying the displacement by using the resonance spectrum of the SNAP structure microcavity is characterized in that the displacement range of the displacement node of the resonance spectrum of the step S1 is 0-200 μm.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the displacement nodes are 1200, forming 1200 standard barcodes.
5. The method for encoding and identifying displacements using the resonance spectrum of a SNAP-structure microcavity according to claim 1, wherein the displacement sensing system comprises a tunable laser, a coupled waveguide, a SNAP-structure microcavity, and a photodetector; the SNAP structure microcavity is contacted with the coupling waveguide to be coupled, the generated optical signal is output from the output end of the coupling waveguide, a resonance spectrum is obtained by detecting the optical signal through a photoelectric detector, the position of each resonance wavelength in the resonance spectrum is used as the central position of a black bar code, the width of the black bar code corresponds to the transmittance of each resonance mode, and the black bar code is converted into a standard bar code or a bar code to be detected.
6. The method of claim 2, wherein the cross-correlation function expression is as follows:
wherein, T is sample observation time, tau is time shift, x (T) is matrix signal of the bar code to be detected, and y (T) is matrix signal of the standard bar code.
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