CN113701603B - Rail gauge measuring method for any point of railway T-beam precast yard rail portal crane - Google Patents
Rail gauge measuring method for any point of railway T-beam precast yard rail portal crane Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/14—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring distance or clearance between spaced objects or spaced apertures
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of measurement and mapping, in particular to a rail gauge measurement method for any point of a railway T-beam precast field rail portal crane, which comprises the following steps: laying a plane control network of a railway T-beam precast yard; performing field observation on the prefabricated field plane control network; controlling the adjustment of the net to the plane; collecting coordinates of the center position of the top surface of the steel rail; and calculating the track gauges of the two rails by coordinates, and finishing the measurement. The application effectively solves the technical problems that the visibility is poor, the influence of environmental factors is difficult to meet the track gauge measurement requirement when the track gauge of the prefabricated field is measured.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of measurement and mapping, in particular to a method for measuring track gauge of any point of a railway T-beam precast field track portal crane.
Background
Along with the continuous and rapid development of economy in China, the construction of a railway passenger special line and a high-speed railway precast yard is imperative, in the construction of a newly built railway T-beam precast yard, the track gauge of two tracks is deformed due to the fact that a crane hub and the tracks are rubbed with each other in the production of the railway T-beam, the track gauge monitoring and controlling requirements on the track portal crane are stricter for safety, and the span between the two tracks cannot be directly measured in a conventional mode because the railway T-beam is not seen through between the two tracks. Therefore, there is a need for a precise measurement method that is not only production-affecting, but also suitable for use in blind conditions, where the planar control network measurement method is the best way to successfully accomplish the measurement of the gauge in the prefabricated field. Currently, there are two main methods for measuring the track gauges of two tracks in a prefabricated field at home: the first is to directly measure the track gauges of two tracks by using a steel tape, and the second is to measure the track gauges by using a total station to erect and orient on one track and align the other track according to the normal direction.
In the track gauge measurement of the prefabricated field track portal crane, the following technical defects mainly exist in the traditional mode: by adopting the steel tape measuring technology, the main problems are that the prefabricated field has the interference of adverse factors such as small construction range, more barriers, cross operation and the like, and the steel tape cannot measure distance easily. By adopting the conventional measurement technology of the total station, the main problem is that the geometric conditions are few, the straightness cannot be guaranteed, the straightness cannot be influenced by the environmental factors of a prefabricated field, the two tracks cannot be seen through in the cross operation of the area where the railway T beams are stacked, and therefore the two tracks cannot be observed. Therefore, the traditional method is difficult to meet the measurement accuracy requirement of the track gauge of the track portal crane of the prefabricated field, and the construction production of the T beam of the railway of the prefabricated field is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a track gauge measuring method for any point of a railway T-beam precast yard track portal crane; the technical problems that the visibility is poor, the influence of environmental factors is difficult to meet the track gauge measurement requirement in the process of measuring the track gauge of the prefabricated field are solved.
The application solves the technical problems by adopting the following solution:
the track gauge measuring method for any point of the railway T-beam precast field track portal crane specifically comprises the following steps:
laying a plane control network of a railway T-beam precast yard;
performing field observation on the prefabricated field plane control network;
controlling the adjustment of the net to the plane;
collecting coordinates of the center position of the top surface of the steel rail;
and calculating the track gauges of the two rails by coordinates, and finishing the measurement.
In some of the possible embodiments of the present application,
the plane control network for laying the railway T beam precast field specifically comprises the following components:
and sequentially arranging two starting point control points and a plurality of encryption control points which cover the precast field area from one end to the other end on a bearing layer around the railway T-beam precast field by adopting cast-in-situ concrete piles, and keeping the adjacent control points in a visible way to form a plane control network.
In some possible embodiments, the accuracy of measurement is effectively improved, and the engagement errors on the measurement geometry of the station setting at different periods are reduced;
the field observation of the prefabricated field plane control network specifically means that the plane control network reciprocally measures the side length and the angle; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
connecting the two control points in a wire net form to form a precise wire closed loop; the side length between the two starting point control points, the side length between the starting point control points and all the encryption control points, the side length between the encryption control points, and the angles of all the included angles formed by the two starting point control points and the encryption control points are measured.
In some possible embodiments, the two start control points are a and B; the plurality of encryption control points are P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 and P6; with A, P, P2 and P3 on one side and B, P, P5 and P6 on the other side.
In some of the possible embodiments of the present application,
the side length between the starting point control points is AB;
the side length between the starting point control point and all the encryption control points comprises AP1 and BP4;
the side length between the encryption control points comprises P1P4, P1P2, P4P5, P2P3, P5P6 and P3P6;
the included angles comprise +.P1AB, +.ABP4, +.AP1P4, +.BP 4P1, +.P2P1P 4, +.P1P4P 5, +.P1P2P5, +.P4P5P2, +.P3P2P5, +.P2P5P6, +.P2P3P6 and+.P5P6P3;
in some possible embodiments, to improve the overall accuracy of the prefabricated field planar control network;
the plane control network adjustment is specifically referred to as;
and adopting adjustment software to carry out integral adjustment on the wire network formed by the two starting point control points and all the encryption control points.
In some possible embodiments, in order to increase multiple measurements, errors are reduced, so that the acquisition accuracy of the coordinate points is effectively improved;
the center position of the top surface of the steel rail is provided with a coordinate acquisition device;
measuring the same to-be-measured point by adopting a total station to measure a plurality of set measuring stations by using a directional prefabricated field control point;
when the total station is erected at the position of the encryption control point P1, three directions of multi-point orientation A, P and P2 are carried out, the center position of the top surface of the steel rail is separated by a vernier caliper, and the coordinate I of the center position of the top surface of the steel rail in the range of AP1 and P1P2 is sequentially collected by the total station;
when the total station is erected at the position of the encryption control point P4, three directions of multi-point orientation B, P and P5 are carried out, the center position of the top surface of the steel rail is separated by a vernier caliper, and the second coordinate of the center position of the top surface of the steel rail in the range of BP4 and P4P5 is sequentially collected by the total station;
the total station measures the coordinates of the central position of the top surface of the steel rail, and at most three achievement points are obtained, and the geometric central points of the three achievement points are taken as final achievement points.
In some of the possible embodiments of the present application,
the calculation of the track gauges of two steel rails by coordinates specifically means that:
and calculating the horizontal distance between the two points by using a rectangular coordinate-polar coordinate transformation relation according to the acquired first coordinate and the acquired second coordinate, wherein the horizontal distance is the rail gauge.
In some of the possible embodiments of the present application,
the distance between the two starting point control points is 150-350m; the distance between the starting point control point and the adjacent encryption control point is 150-300m; the spacing between adjacent encryption control points is 100-250m.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that:
according to the application, by arranging the plane control network of the railway T-beam precast yard, a precise wire network is formed for the vision between adjacent control points, and the precision loss caused by using a steel ruler for measuring is effectively improved;
the application adopts a plane control network formed by the common view between adjacent control points in the production range of the prefabricated field, and all the plane control networks of the prefabricated field are connected by a wire network; the purpose is that when the total station performs field observation on the prefabricated field plane control network, a plurality of closed loops are formed, and the precision of the whole network is improved; redundant observation is added when the center position data of the top surfaces of the two tracks are acquired, and the accuracy of acquisition points is improved;
the method adopts repeated station setting and multipoint orientation to collect coordinates of the same broken surface position of the centers of the top surfaces of the two tracks, thereby effectively reducing measurement errors and improving the accuracy of observation results;
the application combines the total station technology and the wire network technology, reasonably distributes the prefabricated field plane control network and improves the track gauge measuring method of the center positions of the top surfaces of two rails, improves the reliability of the acquisition points, and meets the strict requirements of the data acquisition and the track gauge calculation of the top surfaces of two rails of the prefabricated field;
the method can be applied to track gauge measurement of the center positions of the top surfaces of two steel rails at any point of a track portal crane of a railway T beam; the application range is wide.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for laying out a precision planar control network of a prefabricated field in the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for measuring a wire network by using the total station measurement technology in the application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method for collecting marker points by using the total station measurement technique of the present application;
wherein: 1. crane rails; 2. railway T-beams; 3. a wire mesh; 4. track gauge; 51. a first coordinate; 52. and coordinates two.
Detailed Description
In the present application, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. Reference to "first," "second," and similar terms herein do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. Likewise, the terms "a" or "an" and the like do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. In the implementation of the present application, "and/or" describes the association relationship of the association object, which means that there may be three relationships, for example, a and/or B may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" means two or more. For example, a plurality of positioning posts refers to two or more positioning posts. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The present application will be described in detail below.
As shown in fig. 1-3;
the track gauge measuring method for any point of the railway T-beam precast field track portal crane specifically comprises the following steps:
laying a railway T beam 2 precast yard plane control network;
performing field observation on the prefabricated field plane control network;
controlling the adjustment of the net to the plane;
collecting coordinates of the center position of the top surface of the steel rail 1;
and calculating the track gauges 4 of the two rails according to the coordinates, and finishing measurement.
In some of the possible embodiments of the present application,
the plane control network for laying the railway T beam 2 prefabricated field specifically comprises the following components:
and (3) sequentially arranging two starting point control points and a plurality of encryption control points which cover the prefabricated field area from one end to the other end on a bearing layer around the prefabricated field of the railway T beam 2 by adopting cast-in-situ concrete piles, and keeping the adjacent control points in a visible way to form a plane control network.
In some possible embodiments, the accuracy of measurement is effectively improved, and the engagement errors on the measurement geometry of the station setting at different periods are reduced;
the field observation of the prefabricated field plane control network specifically means that the plane control network reciprocally measures the side length and the angle; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
connecting all control points in a wire net 3 mode to form a precise wire closed loop; the side length between the two starting point control points, the side length between the starting point control points and all the encryption control points, the side length between the encryption control points, and the angles of all the included angles formed by the two starting point control points and the encryption control points are measured.
In some of the possible embodiments of the present application,
the two starting point control points are A and B; the plurality of encryption control points are P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 and P6; with A, P, P2 and P3 on one side and B, P, P5 and P6 on the other side.
In some of the possible embodiments of the present application,
the side length between the starting point control points is AB;
the side length between the starting point control point and all the encryption control points comprises AP1 and BP4;
the side length between the encryption control points comprises P1P4, P1P2, P4P5, P2P3, P5P6 and P3P6;
the included angles comprise +.P1AB, +.ABP4, +.AP1P4, +.BP 4P1, +.P2P1P 4, +.P1P4P 5, +.P1P2P5, +.P4P5P2, +.P3P2P5, +.P2P5P6, +.P2P3P6 and+.P5P6P3;
in some possible embodiments, to improve the overall accuracy of the prefabricated field planar control network;
the plane control network adjustment is specifically referred to as;
the wire network 3 composed of the two starting point control points and all the encryption control points is subjected to integral adjustment by adopting adjustment software.
In some possible embodiments, in order to increase multiple measurements, errors are reduced, so that the acquisition accuracy of the coordinate points is effectively improved;
the center position of the top surface of the steel rail 1 is collected with coordinates, specifically;
measuring the same to-be-measured point by adopting a total station to measure a plurality of set measuring stations by using a directional prefabricated field control point;
when the total station is erected at the position of the encryption control point P1, three directions of multi-point orientation A, P and P2 are carried out, the center position of the top surface of the steel rail is separated by a vernier caliper, and the coordinate I51 of the center position of the top surface of the steel rail in the range of the AP1 and the P1P2 is sequentially collected by the total station;
when the total station is erected at the position of the encryption control point P4, three directions of multi-point orientation B, P and P5 are carried out, the center position of the top surface of the steel rail is separated by a vernier caliper, and the second coordinate 52 of the center position of the top surface of the steel rail in the range of BP4 and P4P5 is sequentially collected by the total station;
the total station measures that the coordinates of the central position of the top surface of the steel rail 1 have three achievement points at most, and the geometric central point of the three achievement points is taken as the final achievement point.
In some of the possible embodiments of the present application,
the calculation of the two rail gauges 4 by coordinates specifically means:
and calculating the horizontal distance between two points according to the acquired first coordinate 51 and the acquired second coordinate 52 by using a rectangular coordinate-polar coordinate transformation relation, wherein the horizontal distance is the rail gauge 4.
In some of the possible embodiments of the present application,
the distance between the two starting point control points is 150-350m; the distance between the starting point control point and the adjacent encryption control point is 150-300m; the spacing between adjacent encryption control points is 100-250m.
Example 1:
the track gauge measuring method for any point of the railway T-beam precast field track portal crane specifically comprises the following steps:
laying a railway T beam 2 precast yard plane control network;
laying out each control point, including: around a precast yard of a railway T beam 2, starting point control points A, B and encryption control points P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 and P6 which cover the precast yard area are sequentially distributed from one end to the other end, and the adjacent control points are kept in a common view to form a station plane control network; the distance between control points A, B, P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 and P6 arranged around the prefabricated field of the railway T beam 2 is 100-350 m, so that the plane precision of the whole network is ensured, and the adjacent points are in a common view during measurement, thereby forming the precise wire network 3.
Carrying out field observation on the prefabricated field plane control network by adopting a total station;
using a high-precision total station with nominal precision not lower than 1', ranging not greater than (+/-) (1 mm+1 ppm), sequentially observing the side length and the angle of a prefabricated field plane control network in a form of a precise wire network 3, and sequentially observing by adopting a total station multi-measuring return angle according to four-wire measurement specifications:
side length: AB. AP1, BP4, P1P2, P4P5, P2P3, P5P6, P3P6;
angle: -b 1AB, -ABP 4, -AP 1P4, -BP 4P1, -P2P 1P4, -P1P 4P5, -P1P 2P5, -P4P 5P2, -P3P 2P5, -P2P 5P6, -P2P 3P6, -P5P 6P3;
adopting adjustment software to adjust the plane control network;
assuming A, B two points as the starting points of the whole network adjustment, after each conclusion of the plane control network field observation data meets the limit difference requirement, taking A, B two points as starting point control points and forming the whole adjustment with the encryption control points P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 and P6 to form a precise wire network 3; errors in the point positions of the encryption control points P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 and P6 obtained after adjustment all meet Mx and My which are less than or equal to +/-15 mm; the coordinates obtained are respectively: p1 (X1, Y1), P2 (X2, Y2), P3 (X3, Y3), P4 (X4, Y4), P5 (X5, Y5), P6 (X6, Y6);
acquiring coordinates of the center position of the top surface of the steel rail 1 by using a total station;
when the total station is erected at the position of the encryption control point P1, three directions of multi-point orientation A, P and P2 are carried out, the center position of the top surface of the steel rail is separated by a vernier caliper, and the coordinate I51 of the center position of the top surface of the steel rail in the range of the AP1 and the P1P2 is sequentially collected by the total station;
when the total station is erected at the position of the encryption control point P4, three directions of multi-point orientation B, P and P5 are carried out, the center position of the top surface of the steel rail is separated by a vernier caliper, and the second coordinate 52 of the center position of the top surface of the steel rail in the range of BP4 and P4P5 is sequentially collected by the total station;
the station is provided with at most 3 directional sides, the total station measures that the coordinates of the central position of the top surface of the steel rail 1 have at most three result points, and the geometric central point of the three result points is taken as the final result point.
Calculating the track gauges 4 of two steel rails by coordinates to finish measurement;
and calculating the horizontal distance between two points according to the acquired first coordinate 51 and the acquired second coordinate 52 by using a rectangular coordinate-polar coordinate transformation relation, wherein the horizontal distance is the rail gauge 4.
The application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The application extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification, as well as to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of the method or process disclosed.
Claims (2)
1. The track gauge measuring method for the track portal crane of the railway T beam precast yard is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method for laying the plane control network of the railway T beam precast field specifically comprises the following steps:
sequentially arranging two starting point control points and a plurality of encryption control points which cover a precast field area from one end to the other end on a bearing layer around a railway T-beam precast field by adopting cast-in-situ concrete piles, and keeping the adjacent control points in a visible way to form a plane control network;
the field observation is carried out on the prefabricated field plane control network, specifically the plane control network round trip measurement side length and angle, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
connecting the two control points in a wire net form to form a precise wire closed loop; measuring the side length between two starting point control points, the side length between the starting point control points and all the encryption control points, the side length between the encryption control points and the angles of all the included angles formed by the two starting point control points and the encryption control points;
the two starting point control points are A and B; the plurality of encryption control points are P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 and P6; wherein A, P, P2 and P3 are on one side and B, P, P5 and P6 are on the other side;
the side length between the starting point control points is AB;
the side length between the starting point control point and all the encryption control points comprises AP1 and BP4;
the side length between the encryption control points comprises P1P4, P1P2, P4P5, P2P3, P5P6 and P3P6;
the included angles comprise +.P1AB, +.ABP4, +.AP1P4, +.BP 4P1, +.P2P1P 4, +.P1P4P 5, +.P1P2P5, +.P4P5P2, +.P3P2P5, +.P2P5P6, +.P2P3P6 and+.P5P6P3;
the plane control net adjustment specifically means:
adopting adjustment software to carry out integral adjustment on a wire network formed by two starting point control points and all encryption control points;
the coordinates of the center position of the top surface of the steel rail are collected, specifically:
measuring the same to-be-measured point by adopting a total station to measure a plurality of set measuring stations by using a directional prefabricated field control point;
when the total station is erected at the position of the encryption control point P1, three directions of multi-point orientation A, P and P2 are carried out, the center position of the top surface of the steel rail is separated by a vernier caliper, and the coordinate I of the center position of the top surface of the steel rail in the range of AP1 and P1P2 is sequentially collected by the total station;
when the total station is erected at the position of the encryption control point P4, three directions of multi-point orientation B, P and P5 are carried out, the center position of the top surface of the steel rail is separated by a vernier caliper, and the second coordinate of the center position of the top surface of the steel rail in the range of BP4 and P4P5 is sequentially collected by the total station;
the total station measures that the coordinates of the central position of the top surface of the steel rail have three achievement points at most, and the geometric central points of the three achievement points are taken as final achievement points;
the coordinates calculate the track gauges of two rails to finish the measurement, specifically:
and calculating the horizontal distance between the two points by using a rectangular coordinate-polar coordinate transformation relation according to the acquired first coordinate and the acquired second coordinate, wherein the horizontal distance is the rail gauge.
2. The method for measuring the track gauge of any point of a railway T-beam precast yard rail portal crane according to claim 1, wherein the distance between two starting point control points is 150-350m; the distance between the starting point control point and the adjacent encryption control point is 150-300m; the spacing between adjacent encryption control points is 100-250m.
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| CN111891176A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2020-11-06 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Track measurement data integral adjustment method based on track geometric state measuring instrument |
| CN113212491A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-08-06 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Station setting measurement method for evaluating smoothness of track line |
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