CN113701603A - Method for measuring track gauge of any point of rail gantry crane of railway T-beam precast yard - Google Patents
Method for measuring track gauge of any point of rail gantry crane of railway T-beam precast yard Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/14—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring distance or clearance between spaced objects or spaced apertures
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of measurement and mapping, and particularly discloses a method for measuring the track gauge of any point of a rail gantry crane in a railway T-beam precast yard, which specifically comprises the following steps: laying a railway T-beam precast yard plane control net; carrying out field observation on the plane control network of the prefabricated field; adjusting the plane control net; collecting coordinates of the center position of the top surface of the steel rail; and (5) calculating the track gauge of the two steel rails by coordinates to finish measurement. The invention effectively solves the technical problems of poor visibility, environmental factor influence and difficulty in meeting the track gauge measurement requirement in the track gauge measurement of the precast yard.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of measurement and mapping, in particular to a method for measuring the track gauge of any point of a rail portal crane in a railway T-beam precast yard.
Background
Along with the continuous and rapid development of economy in China, the construction of railway passenger dedicated lines and high-speed railway precast yards is imperative, in the construction of a newly-built railway T-beam precast yard, due to the complexity of construction environment, the railway T-beam is mutually rubbed between a crane hub and a track in production to cause the track gauge of two tracks to deform, the track gauge monitoring and controlling requirements on a rail portal crane are stricter for safety, and the railway T-beam stacked between the two tracks cannot be used for directly measuring the span between the two tracks in a conventional mode because the railway T-beam is invisible. Therefore, a precision measurement method which does not affect production and is suitable for the condition of no visibility is needed, and the plane control network measurement method is the best way for smoothly completing the measurement of the track gauge of the prefabricating field. At present, two methods are mainly used for measuring the track gauge of two tracks in a prefabrication yard in China: the first is to use a steel tape to measure the gauge directly, the second is to use a total station to erect on one of the rails for orientation, and the gauge is measured by aiming at the other rail according to the normal direction.
In the measurement of the track gauge of the rail gantry crane in the precast yard, the following technical defects mainly exist in the measurement by adopting the traditional mode: the steel tape measuring technology is adopted, and the main problems are that the interference of adverse factors such as small construction range, more obstacles, cross operation and the like exists in a prefabrication field, and the steel tape cannot measure the distance easily. By adopting a conventional measuring technology of a total station, the main problems are that the straightness cannot be guaranteed under few geometrical conditions, the influence of environmental factors of a prefabricating yard is caused, the operation is performed in a crossed manner in an area where T-shaped railway beams are stacked, two tracks cannot be seen through, and therefore observation cannot be achieved. Therefore, the traditional method is difficult to meet the requirement of measuring precision of the track gauge of the rail gantry crane in the precast yard, and further influences the construction and production of the T-shaped beam of the railway in the precast yard.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for measuring the track gauge of any point of a rail portal crane in a railway T-beam precast yard; the method solves the technical problems of poor visibility, environmental factor influence and difficulty in meeting the track gauge measurement requirement in the track gauge measurement of the precast yard.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows:
a rail gauge measuring method for any point of a rail gantry crane of a railway T-beam precast yard specifically comprises the following steps:
laying a railway T-beam precast yard plane control net;
carrying out field observation on the plane control network of the prefabricated field;
adjusting the plane control net;
collecting coordinates of the center position of the top surface of the steel rail;
and (5) calculating the track gauge of the two steel rails by coordinates to finish measurement.
In some of the possible embodiments, the first and second,
the laying of the railway T-beam precast yard plane control net specifically comprises the following steps:
two starting point control points and a plurality of encryption control points which cover the precast yard area are sequentially distributed on a bearing layer around the railway T-beam precast yard from one end to the other end by adopting cast-in-place concrete piles, and the communication between the adjacent control points is kept to form a plane control network.
In some possible implementation modes, the measurement precision is effectively improved, and the connection error of the station setting measurement geometric quantity at different periods is reduced;
the field observation of the precast field plane control network specifically means that the plane control network measures the side length and the angle back and forth; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
connecting the control points in a wire net form to form a precise wire closed ring; and measuring the side length between the two starting point control points, the side length between the starting point control points and all the encryption control points, the side length between the encryption control points and the angles of all included angles formed by the two starting point control points and the encryption control points.
In some possible embodiments, the two starting point control points are a and B; the plurality of encryption control points are P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 and P6; wherein A, P1, P2 and P3 are on one side and B, P4, P5 and P6 are on the other side.
In some of the possible embodiments, the first and second,
the side length between the control points of the starting point is AB;
the side lengths between the starting point control point and all the encryption control points comprise AP1 and BP 4;
the side lengths between the encryption control points comprise P1P4, P1P2, P4P5, P2P5, P2P3, P5P6 and P3P 6;
the included angle comprises < P1AB, < ABP4, < AP1P4, < BP4P1, < P2P1P4, < P1P4P5, < P1P2P5, < P4P5P2, < P3P2P5, < P2P5P6, < P2P3P6, < P5P6P 3;
in some possible embodiments, the overall accuracy of the control net is controlled in order to improve the plane of the prefabricated field;
the adjustment of the plane control net specifically means;
and (4) performing integral adjustment on the wire network consisting of the two starting point control points and all the encryption control points by using adjustment software.
In some possible implementation modes, in order to increase multiple times of measurement, reduce errors and effectively improve the acquisition precision of coordinate points;
collecting coordinates of the center position of the top surface of the steel rail, specifically;
measuring the same point to be measured by adopting a total station to carry out directional prefabricated field control points on a plurality of set measuring stations;
when the total station is erected at the position of an encryption control point P1, carrying out multipoint orientation A, P4 and P2, dividing the center position of the top surface of the steel rail by using a vernier caliper, and sequentially acquiring a first coordinate of the center position of the top surface of the steel rail in the range of AP1 and P1P2 by using the total station;
when the total station is erected at the position of an encryption control point P4, carrying out multipoint orientation in three directions of B, P1 and P5, dividing the center position of the top surface of the steel rail by using a vernier caliper, and sequentially acquiring coordinates II of the center position of the top surface of the steel rail in the ranges of BP4 and P4P5 by using the total station;
the total station measures the coordinates of the center position of the top surface of the steel rail and has at most three fruit forming points, and the geometric center points of the three fruit forming points are taken as final fruit forming points.
In some of the possible embodiments, the first and second,
the coordinate calculation of the gauge of the two steel rails specifically comprises the following steps:
and according to the collected first coordinate and the second coordinate, calculating the horizontal distance between the two points by using a rectangular coordinate-polar coordinate transformation relation, wherein the horizontal distance is the rail gauge of the steel rail.
In some of the possible embodiments, the first and second,
the distance between the two starting point control points is 150-350 m; the distance between the starting point control point and the encryption control point adjacent to the starting point control point is 150-300 m; the distance between adjacent encryption control points is 100-250 m.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the plane control net of the railway T-beam precast yard is laid, so that a precise wire net is formed between adjacent control points for visibility, and the precision loss caused by using a steel ruler for measurement is effectively improved;
the invention adopts a plane control net formed by the visibility between adjacent control points in the production range of a prefabrication field, and the plane control nets in the prefabrication field are connected by a wire net; the total station aims to form a plurality of closed rings when a prefabricated field plane control network is observed in field operation, so that the accuracy of the whole network is improved; redundant observation is added when data of the center positions of the top surfaces of the two tracks are collected, so that the accuracy of a collection point is improved;
the method adopts multiple station setting and multi-point orientation to acquire coordinates of the same section position of the centers of the top surfaces of the two tracks, thereby effectively reducing measurement errors and improving the precision of observation results;
the invention integrates the total station technology and the wire net technology, reasonably arranges the plane control net of the prefabrication field and improves the track gauge measuring method of the center position of the top surfaces of the two steel rails, improves the reliability of the collecting point and achieves the strict requirements of the top surface data collection and track gauge calculation of the two steel rails of the prefabrication field;
the method can be applied to measuring the track gauge of the top surface center positions of any point two strands of steel rails of the rail gantry crane of the railway T-beam; the application range is wide.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for laying a precision plane control network of a precast field according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for measuring a wire network by a total station measurement technique according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method for collecting a mark point by a total station measurement technology in the present invention;
wherein: 1. a crane rail; 2. a railway T-beam; 3. a wire mesh; 4. track gauge; 51. a first coordinate; 52. and a second coordinate.
Detailed Description
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. Reference herein to "first," "second," and similar words, does not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. Also, the use of the terms "a" or "an" and the like do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. In the implementation of the present application, "and/or" describes an association relationship of associated objects, which means that there may be three relationships, for example, a and/or B, which may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified. For example, the plurality of positioning posts refers to two or more positioning posts. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The present invention will be described in detail below.
As shown in fig. 1-3;
a rail gauge measuring method for any point of a rail gantry crane of a railway T-beam precast yard specifically comprises the following steps:
laying a railway T-beam 2 precast field plane control net;
carrying out field observation on the plane control network of the prefabricated field;
adjusting the plane control net;
collecting coordinates of the center position of the top surface of the steel rail 1;
and (4) calculating the track gauge 4 of the two steel rails by coordinates to finish measurement.
In some of the possible embodiments, the first and second,
the laying of the railway T-beam 2 precast yard plane control net specifically refers to the following steps:
two starting point control points and a plurality of encryption control points which cover the precast yard area are sequentially distributed on a bearing layer around the precast yard of the railway T-beam 2 from one end to the other end by adopting cast-in-place concrete piles, and the communication between the adjacent control points is kept to form a plane control network.
In some possible implementation modes, the measurement precision is effectively improved, and the connection error of the station setting measurement geometric quantity at different periods is reduced;
the field observation of the precast field plane control network specifically means that the plane control network measures the side length and the angle back and forth; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the wire net 3 is adopted to be connected with all control points to form a precise wire closed ring; and measuring the side length between the two starting point control points, the side length between the starting point control points and all the encryption control points, the side length between the encryption control points and the angles of all included angles formed by the two starting point control points and the encryption control points.
In some of the possible embodiments, the first and second,
the two starting point control points are A and B; the plurality of encryption control points are P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 and P6; wherein A, P1, P2 and P3 are on one side and B, P4, P5 and P6 are on the other side.
In some of the possible embodiments, the first and second,
the side length between the control points of the starting point is AB;
the side lengths between the starting point control point and all the encryption control points comprise AP1 and BP 4;
the side lengths between the encryption control points comprise P1P4, P1P2, P4P5, P2P5, P2P3, P5P6 and P3P 6;
the included angle comprises < P1AB, < ABP4, < AP1P4, < BP4P1, < P2P1P4, < P1P4P5, < P1P2P5, < P4P5P2, < P3P2P5, < P2P5P6, < P2P3P6, < P5P6P 3;
in some possible embodiments, the overall accuracy of the control net is controlled in order to improve the plane of the prefabricated field;
the adjustment of the plane control net specifically means;
and (3) performing integral adjustment on the wire network 3 consisting of the two starting point control points and all the encrypted control points by using adjustment software.
In some possible implementation modes, in order to increase multiple times of measurement, reduce errors and effectively improve the acquisition precision of coordinate points;
coordinates are collected from the center of the top surface of the steel rail 1, specifically;
measuring the same point to be measured by adopting a total station to carry out directional prefabricated field control points on a plurality of set measuring stations;
when the total station is erected at the position of an encryption control point P1, carrying out multipoint orientation A, P4 and P2, dividing the center position of the top surface of the steel rail by using a vernier caliper, and sequentially acquiring a first coordinate 51 of the center position of the top surface of the steel rail in the range of AP1 and P1P2 by using the total station;
when the total station is erected at the position of an encryption control point P4, carrying out multipoint orientation B, P1 and P5, dividing the center position of the top surface of the steel rail by using a vernier caliper, and sequentially acquiring a second coordinate 52 of the center position of the top surface of the steel rail in the range of BP4 and P4P5 by using the total station;
the total station measures that the coordinates of the top surface center position of the steel rail 1 have at most three fruit points, and the geometric center points of the three fruit points are taken as final fruit points.
In some of the possible embodiments, the first and second,
the coordinate calculation of the two-strand steel rail gauge 4 specifically comprises the following steps:
and calculating the horizontal distance between the two points by using a rectangular coordinate-polar coordinate transformation relation according to the acquired first coordinate 51 and second coordinate 52, wherein the horizontal distance is the rail gauge 4.
In some of the possible embodiments, the first and second,
the distance between the two starting point control points is 150-350 m; the distance between the starting point control point and the encryption control point adjacent to the starting point control point is 150-300 m; the distance between adjacent encryption control points is 100-250 m.
Example 1:
a rail gauge measuring method for any point of a rail gantry crane of a railway T-beam precast yard specifically comprises the following steps:
laying a railway T-beam 2 precast field plane control net;
laying control points, including: arranging a starting point control point A, B and encryption control points P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 and P6 which cover a precast yard area from one end to the other end in sequence around the precast yard of the railway T-beam 2, and keeping the adjacent control points in a through view to form a station plane control network; the control points A, B, P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 and P6 arranged around the prefabrication field of the railway T-beam 2 have the spacing of 100-350 meters, so that the plane precision of the whole net and the adjacent visibility during measurement are ensured, and the precise wire net 3 is formed.
Carrying out field observation on the plane control network of the prefabricated field by adopting a total station;
using a high-precision total station with nominal precision not lower than 1' and ranging not more than +/-1 mm +1ppm, sequentially observing the side length and the angle of a plane control network of the prefabricated field in a precise wire network 3 mode, and sequentially observing by adopting multiple measuring return angles of the total station according to four equal wire measurement specifications to obtain:
side length: AB. AP1, BP4, P1P4, P1P2, P4P5, P2P5, P2P3, P5P6, P3P 6;
angle: the expression vector is characterized by being represented by angle P1AB, angle ABP4, angle AP1P4, angle BP4P1, angle P2P1P4, angle P1P4P5, angle P1P2P5, angle P4P5P2, angle P3P2P5, angle P2P5P6, angle P2P3P6 and angle P5P6P 3;
adjusting the plane control net by using adjustment software;
assuming that A, B points are the starting points of adjustment of the whole network, after each conclusion of the inspection plane control network field observation data meets the tolerance requirement, the control points A, B points are used as the starting points to form the precision wire network 3 with the encryption control points P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 and P6 to carry out integral adjustment; errors in encryption control points P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 and P6 obtained after the adjustment are equal to or less than +/-15 mm; the resulting coordinates are: p1(X1, Y1), P2(X2, Y2), P3(X3, Y3), P4(X4, Y4), P5(X5, Y5), P6(X6, Y6);
collecting coordinates of the center position of the top surface of the steel rail 1 by using a total station;
when the total station is erected at the position of an encryption control point P1, carrying out multipoint orientation A, P4 and P2, dividing the center position of the top surface of the steel rail by using a vernier caliper, and sequentially acquiring a first coordinate 51 of the center position of the top surface of the steel rail in the range of AP1 and P1P2 by using the total station;
when the total station is erected at the position of an encryption control point P4, carrying out multipoint orientation B, P1 and P5, dividing the center position of the top surface of the steel rail by using a vernier caliper, and sequentially acquiring a second coordinate 52 of the center position of the top surface of the steel rail in the range of BP4 and P4P5 by using the total station;
and (3) setting a station with at most 3 directional edges, measuring the coordinates of the center position of the top surface of the steel rail 1 by using the total station, and taking the geometric center points of the three fruit points as final fruit points.
Calculating the track gauge 4 of the two steel rails by coordinates to finish measurement;
and calculating the horizontal distance between the two points by using a rectangular coordinate-polar coordinate transformation relation according to the acquired first coordinate 51 and second coordinate 52, wherein the horizontal distance is the rail gauge 4.
The invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The invention extends to any novel feature or any novel combination of features disclosed in this specification and any novel method or process steps or any novel combination of features disclosed.
Claims (9)
1. A rail gauge measuring method for any point of a rail gantry crane of a railway T-beam precast yard is characterized by comprising the following steps:
laying a railway T-beam precast yard plane control net;
carrying out field observation on the plane control network of the prefabricated field;
adjusting the plane control net;
collecting coordinates of the center position of the top surface of the steel rail;
and (5) calculating the track gauge of the two steel rails by coordinates to finish measurement.
2. The method for measuring the track gauge of any point of the railway T-beam precast yard rail gantry crane according to claim 1, wherein the step of arranging the railway T-beam precast yard plane control net specifically comprises the following steps:
two starting point control points and a plurality of encryption control points which cover the precast yard area are sequentially distributed on a bearing layer around the railway T-beam precast yard from one end to the other end by adopting cast-in-place concrete piles, and the communication between the adjacent control points is kept to form a plane control network.
3. The method for measuring the track gauge of any point of the railway T-beam precast field rail portal crane according to claim 2, wherein the field observation of the precast field plane control network specifically means that the plane control network measures the side length and angle back and forth; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
connecting the control points in a wire net form to form a precise wire closed ring; and measuring the side length between the two starting point control points, the side length between the starting point control points and all the encryption control points, the side length between the encryption control points and the angles of all included angles formed by the two starting point control points and the encryption control points.
4. The method for measuring the track gauge of any point of the railway T-beam precast yard rail gantry crane according to claim 3, wherein the two starting point control points are A and B; the plurality of encryption control points are P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 and P6; wherein A, P1, P2 and P3 are on one side and B, P4, P5 and P6 are on the other side.
5. The method for measuring the track gauge of any point of the railway T-beam precast yard rail portal crane according to claim 4, wherein the side length between the control points of the starting point is AB;
the side lengths between the starting point control point and all the encryption control points comprise AP1 and BP 4;
the side lengths between the encryption control points comprise P1P4, P1P2, P4P5, P2P5, P2P3, P5P6 and P3P 6;
the included angle comprises angle P1AB, angle ABP4, angle AP1P4, angle BP4P1, angle P2P1P4, angle P1P4P5, angle P1P2P5, angle P4P5P2, angle P3P2P5, angle P2P5P6, angle P2P3P6 and angle P5P6P 3.
6. The method for measuring the track gauge of any point of the railway T-beam precast yard rail gantry crane according to claim 5, wherein the adjustment of the plane control net specifically means;
and (4) performing integral adjustment on the wire network consisting of the two starting point control points and all the encryption control points by using adjustment software.
7. The method for measuring the track gauge of any point of the railway T-beam precast yard rail gantry crane according to claim 6, wherein coordinates are collected from the center position of the top surface of the steel rail, specifically;
measuring the same point to be measured by adopting a total station to carry out directional prefabricated field control points on a plurality of set measuring stations;
when the total station is erected at the position of an encryption control point P1, carrying out multipoint orientation A, P4 and P2, dividing the center position of the top surface of the steel rail by using a vernier caliper, and sequentially acquiring a first coordinate of the center position of the top surface of the steel rail in the range of AP1 and P1P2 by using the total station;
when the total station is erected at the position of an encryption control point P4, carrying out multipoint orientation in three directions of B, P1 and P5, dividing the center position of the top surface of the steel rail by using a vernier caliper, and sequentially acquiring coordinates II of the center position of the top surface of the steel rail in the ranges of BP4 and P4P5 by using the total station;
the total station measures the coordinates of the center position of the top surface of the steel rail and has at most three fruit forming points, and the geometric center points of the three fruit forming points are taken as final fruit forming points.
8. The method for measuring the track gauge of any point of the railway T-beam precast yard rail gantry crane according to claim 7, wherein the coordinate calculation of the track gauge of the two steel rails specifically comprises the following steps:
and according to the collected first coordinate and the second coordinate, calculating the horizontal distance between the two points by using a rectangular coordinate-polar coordinate transformation relation, wherein the horizontal distance is the rail gauge of the steel rail.
9. The method for measuring the track gauge of any point of the railway T-beam precast yard rail portal crane according to any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein the distance between two starting point control points is 150-350 m; the distance between the starting point control point and the encryption control point adjacent to the starting point control point is 150-300 m; the distance between adjacent encryption control points is 100-250 m.
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| CN104776837A (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2015-07-15 | 中铁四局集团建筑工程有限公司 | Underline engineering precision measurement method used in station yard transformation construction |
| CN103898816A (en) * | 2014-04-21 | 2014-07-02 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | Precise control network measurement method of urban rails |
| CN104567670A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-04-29 | 北京首钢建设集团有限公司 | Mounting and detection method of multi-roll mill |
| CN107299568A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-10-27 | 中铁工程设计咨询集团有限公司 | A kind of track dynamic measuring system and method |
| CN107805984A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2018-03-16 | 中铁工程设计咨询集团有限公司 | The method and system of unilateral measure track control net stake point |
| CN111891176A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2020-11-06 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Track measurement data integral adjustment method based on track geometric state measuring instrument |
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