CN113700589A - System and method for acquiring shafting state characteristic parameters of hydroelectric generating set - Google Patents

System and method for acquiring shafting state characteristic parameters of hydroelectric generating set Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113700589A
CN113700589A CN202111146420.7A CN202111146420A CN113700589A CN 113700589 A CN113700589 A CN 113700589A CN 202111146420 A CN202111146420 A CN 202111146420A CN 113700589 A CN113700589 A CN 113700589A
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sensor
main shaft
eddy current
mirror plate
current sensor
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CN113700589B (en
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徐波
张春辉
张雅琦
李友平
余芳
徐兰兰
谭鋆
王建兰
徐铬
何佳
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China Yangtze Power Co Ltd
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China Yangtze Power Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202310690564.1A priority Critical patent/CN117005973A/en
Priority to CN202310690579.8A priority patent/CN116927996A/en
Priority to CN202111146420.7A priority patent/CN113700589B/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
    • F03B11/008—Measuring or testing arrangements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
    • G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
    • G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
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Abstract

A system and method for acquiring characteristic parameters of a water turbine generator set shafting state comprises a phase acquisition device, a mirror plate horizontal measurement device and a throw sensor; the phase acquisition device is arranged at the main shaft and is used for acquiring the phase of the main shaft during the turning; the mirror plate horizontal measuring device is arranged on the horizontal plane of the rotating part and is used for automatically and continuously measuring the levelness of the mirror plate of the unit during the turning process; the throw sensor is used for measuring a clearance value between the main shaft and the throw sensor; the sensor in-situ calibration device is used for carrying out on-site in-situ on-line calibration on the sensitivity coefficient of the eddy current sensor. The invention aims to realize automatic data acquisition and automatic calculation and analysis in the shafting state adjustment process of a water-turbine generator set and provide a reliable basis for automatically providing a shafting adjustment scheme finally, and provides a system and a method for acquiring characteristic parameters of the shafting state of the water-turbine generator set.

Description

System and method for acquiring shafting state characteristic parameters of hydroelectric generating set
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydroelectric generating set facility equipment, in particular to a system and a method for acquiring shafting state characteristic parameters of a hydroelectric generating set.
Background
In a traditional adjustment scheme for obtaining a water turbine generator set shafting, the current state of a main shaft shafting is calculated through turning data. An operator preliminarily determines a shafting adjustment scheme by analyzing the calculation result of the state of the main shaft shafting and according to human experience, substitutes the adjustment scheme into a calculation formula and tries to calculate the result of the state of the main shaft shafting adjusted according to the adjustment scheme. If the result is acceptable, the shafting adjustment is carried out according to the adjustment scheme. If the result is not acceptable, the adjustment scheme is replaced to carry out trial calculation until the result is acceptable. Generally, the conventional turning shafting adjusting method for the hydroelectric generating set has the advantages of long turning period, large manual measurement and calculation workload, and low calculation precision caused by few fixed-point turning measurement points. In addition, the biggest disadvantage is that the shafting adjustment scheme is completely dependent on human experience, and an acceptable but not optimal adjustment scheme can be determined through a plurality of trial calculations.
In view of this, the applicant proposes a system for acquiring characteristic parameters of a shaft system state of a hydroelectric generating set.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to realize automatic data acquisition and automatic calculation and analysis in the shafting state adjustment process of a water-turbine generator set and provide a reliable basis for automatically providing a shafting adjustment scheme finally, and provides a system and a method for acquiring characteristic parameters of the shafting state of the water-turbine generator set.
A system for acquiring characteristic parameters of a shafting state of a hydroelectric generating set comprises a phase acquisition device, a mirror plate horizontal measurement device and a throw sensor;
the phase acquisition device is arranged at the main shaft and is used for acquiring the phase of the main shaft during the turning;
the mirror plate horizontal measuring device is arranged on the horizontal plane of the rotating part and is used for automatically and continuously measuring the levelness of the mirror plate of the unit during the turning process;
the throw sensor is used for measuring a clearance value between the main shaft and the throw sensor; the sensor in-situ calibration device is used for carrying out on-site in-situ on-line calibration on the sensitivity coefficient of the eddy current sensor.
The phase acquisition device comprises a strut and a base connected with the bottom end of the strut, wherein the rotating arm is sleeved on the strut and comprises an upper rotating arm and a lower rotating arm which are sleeved on the strut, a limiting block is arranged between the upper rotating arm and the lower rotating arm and sleeved on the strut, the limiting block is connected with the strut through a jackscrew, one end of a connecting plate is connected with the rotating arm through a fastening screw and can adjust the relative position through a straight chute arranged on the connecting plate; the other end of the connecting plate is connected with the fixing plate through a fastening screw; the rotary encoder is fixed through a fastening screw on the fixing plate.
The back of the fastening screw is provided with a hook which is connected with the limiting block through a spring and used for applying pretightening force to the rotation of the rotating arm; the end of the fixing plate connected with the connecting plate is provided with an arc-shaped sliding chute, so that the fixing plate can be finely adjusted in the vertical, front-back and circumferential directions.
The mirror plate horizontal measuring device comprises a horizontal measuring sensor and an acquisition module connected with the horizontal measuring sensor;
in the turning process, when the levelness of the mirror plate is calculated by adopting a mirror plate levelness measuring device, the following method is adopted:
and carrying out X-direction and Y-direction vector decomposition on the inclination angle data collected by the level measurement sensor at any position of the mirror plate. E.g. the angle of the mirror plate α i, collected tilt angle data βαiDecomposed into X-direction vectors betaαiXAnd a Y-direction vector betaαiYComprises the following steps:
βαiX＝βαicosαi；αi∈[0,360)
βαiY＝βαisinαi；αi∈[0,360)
inclination angle X direction vector beta of plane measured by horizontal sensor for unit rotating for one circleXAnd Y vector betaXThe calculation method comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003285560880000021
Figure BDA0003285560880000022
the tilt angle β and the azimuth angle θ are calculated as follows:
Figure BDA0003285560880000023
Figure BDA0003285560880000024
then the mirror plate levelness azimuth is θ, the levelness H (mm/m) is:
H＝tgβ×1000；(mm/m)。
the swing sensor adopts an electric eddy current sensor;
the sensitivity coefficient of the eddy current sensor is calibrated by a sensor in-situ calibration device,
the sensor in-situ calibration device comprises a base, wherein a high-precision translation platform is arranged on the base, a vertical column is vertically arranged, the bottom end of the vertical column is connected with the upper end face of the high-precision translation platform, and an eddy current sensor is arranged at the upper end of the vertical column and is perpendicular to the vertical column.
The stand column is parallel to the main shaft, the eddy current sensor is of a strip structure, and the detection end of the eddy current sensor is close to the main shaft.
The upper end of the upright post is provided with a round hole in a penetrating way, and the eddy current sensor is transversely matched and connected with the round hole and is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the upright post through a fixing nut.
The high-precision translation platform can drive the upright post to move in the X direction/Y direction.
The high-precision translation platform comprises an X-direction adjusting module, a Y-direction adjusting module and an adjusting knob, the X-direction adjusting module can generate X-direction precise displacement through an X-direction coarse adjusting knob and an X-direction fine adjusting knob, and the Y-direction adjusting module can generate Y-direction precise displacement through a Y-direction coarse adjusting knob and a Y-direction coarse adjusting knob.
When the in-situ calibration device is used for calibrating the sensitivity coefficient of the eddy current sensor, the following steps are adopted:
1) fixing an in-situ calibration device near a measurement part of the sensor; then fixing the eddy current sensor on the in-situ calibration device, connecting the output signal of the calibrated eddy current sensor into the acquisition device of the layer, and providing a sensor power supply;
2) after the preparation work is finished, the distance between the eddy current sensor and the spindle is adjusted through the high-precision translation platform, the signal processing computer automatically records the voltage/current signal output by the calibrated sensor, in addition, the high-precision scale data on the in-situ calibration device is manually read, the gap adjustment value between the eddy current and the spindle is calculated, and the data is synchronously input into the computer;
3) after the signals and data of a plurality of displacement points are obtained through measurement in the steps, a signal processing computer calculates and obtains a sensitivity coefficient to be verified of the calibrated sensor by adopting a least square method;
4) and adjusting the distance between the surface of the main shaft and the sensor by adopting the obtained sensitivity coefficient to be verified, simultaneously recording the displacement output measured by the eddy current sensor and the actual displacement measured manually, comparing the errors between the two point by point to form an error analysis report, finishing online calibration if the error between the two is within an allowable range, and finishing the sensitivity coefficient to be verified, namely the sensitivity coefficient of the eddy current sensor for measurement of the system.
A main shaft phase acquisition method comprises the following steps when main shaft phase acquisition is carried out:
1) the rotary encoder adopts a contact principle, and a roller of the rotary encoder is in direct contact with a main shaft of the unit;
2) when the main shaft rotates, the main shaft drives the roller of the rotary encoder to rotate;
3) a rotary pulse sensor mounted on the roller for emitting a series of pulses, each pulse representing a distance value;
4) pulse signals of the rotary encoder are transmitted to the wireless acquisition unit through a signal cable, converted into digital quantities of 0 and 1, and wirelessly transmitted to the data processing unit through WIFI. The data processing unit counts according to 0 and 1, so that the rotation phase and the linear velocity of the spindle can be converted.
When the roller of the rotary encoder rotates, a rotary pulse sensor on the roller sends out a series of pulses. Each pulse represents a specified displacement value of the wheel. If the diameter of the main shaft is D (unit: mm) and the pulse count in time t is n, the calculation formula of the rotation angle alpha of the main shaft corresponding to the time is as follows:
Figure BDA0003285560880000041
roller rotation linear velocity V1Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003285560880000042
linear velocity V of spindle rotation2Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003285560880000043
a method for calculating levelness of a mirror plate in a turning process adopts the following method:
at any orientation of the mirror plate, will be measured horizontallyAnd the inclination angle data acquired by the quantity sensor 2-1 is subjected to X-direction and Y-direction vector decomposition. E.g. the angle of the mirror plate α i, collected tilt angle data βαiDecomposed into X-direction vectors betaαiXAnd a Y-direction vector betaαiYComprises the following steps:
βαiX＝βαicosαi；αi∈[0,360)
βαiY＝βαisinαi；αi∈[0,360)
inclination angle X direction vector beta of plane measured by horizontal sensor for unit rotating for one circleXAnd Y vector betaXThe calculation method comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003285560880000044
Figure BDA0003285560880000045
the tilt angle β and the azimuth angle θ are calculated as follows:
Figure BDA0003285560880000046
Figure BDA0003285560880000047
then the mirror plate levelness azimuth is θ, the levelness H (mm/m) is:
H＝tgβ×1000；(mm/m)。
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1) the invention fills the blank of the vertical water turbine generator set continuous barring axis adjusting technology, automatically collects data by adopting an electrical measurement method, performs wireless communication, performs automatic calculation and analysis, and automatically gives an axis adjusting scheme, solves the problems of low automation degree and large manual measurement/calculation error of the traditional method, can obviously improve the working efficiency and the adjusting precision of the axis adjustment of the generator set, shortens the overhaul period, and saves manpower and material resources;
2) the invention adopts the contact type rotary encoder to realize the high-precision continuous measurement of the phase of the main shaft in any barring mode, and solves the problem that the conventional technologies such as key phase measurement, photoelectric measurement, fluted disc measurement and the like cannot carry out the continuous measurement of the phase of the main shaft;
3) compared with the traditional measuring mode for the mirror plate levelness, which usually uses an image combination level meter for measurement, the measuring method has the advantages of few measuring points, manual reading, low precision, reading error, inaccurate stopping point and the like.
4) The sensor in-situ calibration technology adopted in the invention can well carry out on-site calibration on the sensitivity coefficient of the eddy current sensor, and effectively eliminate the influence of the main shaft material and curvature on the measurement result.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the phase acquisition device in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a phase acquisition device;
FIG. 4 is a rear view of the phase acquisition device;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the in-situ calibration device of the sensor in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, a system for acquiring characteristic parameters of a shaft system state of a water-turbine generator set,
the device comprises a phase acquisition device 1, a mirror plate horizontal measurement device 2 and a swing sensor 4;
the phase acquisition device 1 is arranged at the position of the main shaft 5 and is used for acquiring the phase of the main shaft during the turning;
the mirror plate levelness measuring device 2 is arranged on the horizontal plane of the rotating part and is used for automatically and continuously measuring the levelness of the mirror plate of the unit during the turning process;
the swing sensor 4 adopts an eddy current sensor;
the swing sensor 4 is used for measuring a clearance value between the main shaft 5 and the swing sensor; the sensor in-situ calibration device 3 is used for carrying out on-site in-situ online calibration on the sensitivity coefficient of the eddy current sensor;
regarding the eddy current sensor:
1) the probe is arranged near the measured main shaft by adopting a magnetic bracket;
2) the installation of the probe is required to be over against the center of the main shaft;
3) the probe needs to be aligned with the effective measuring surface; the effective measurement area is as follows: measuring that the surface has no nicks, holes, bosses and the like, and the surface is smooth and has no plating layer;
4) the clearance between the probe and the main shaft must be properly adjusted;
5) ensuring correct wiring; and directly accessing the wireless acquisition unit.
The mirror plate level measuring device 2 includes a mirror plate level sensor, and with respect to the mirror plate level sensor:
1) the horizontal measuring sensor and the sensor wireless acquisition and power supply device are horizontally arranged on the thrust head;
2) the sensor and the wireless acquisition and power supply device ensure that no obstruction exists in the rotation process of the unit;
3) the sensor is transmitted to the signal processor through the repeater by adopting wireless transmission.
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, in order to obtain the barring phase more accurately and more time-saving and labor-saving in the barring process, a phase acquisition device is provided; the device comprises a strut 1-2 and a base 1-1 connected with the bottom end of the strut 1-2, wherein a rotating arm 1-3 is sleeved on the strut 1-2, the rotating arm 1-3 comprises an upper rotating arm and a lower rotating arm which are sleeved on the strut 1-2, a limiting block 1-7 is arranged between the upper rotating arm and the lower rotating arm, the limiting block 1-7 is sleeved on the strut 1-2, the limiting block 1-7 is connected with the strut 1-2 through a jackscrew 1-8, one end of a connecting plate 1-4 is connected with the rotating arm 1-3 through a fastening screw 1-9, and the relative position can be adjusted through a straight chute arranged on the connecting plate 1-4; the other end of the connecting plate 1-4 is connected with the fixing plate 1-5 through a fastening screw 1-10; the rotary encoder 1-12 is fixed by a fastening screw 1-11 on the fixing plate 1-5. The phase acquisition device is used for installing and fixing the main shaft phase sensor;
regarding the spindle phase sensor:
1) the probe is arranged near the measured main shaft by adopting a magnetic bracket;
2) the rigid polyurethane rubber roller of the sensor needs to be tangent to the main shaft;
3) the direct access collector ensures the correct wiring.
Furthermore, a hook is arranged on the back of the fastening screw 1-9 and connected with the limiting block 1-7 through a spring 1-6 to apply pretightening force to the rotation of the rotating arm 1-3, and the rotary encoder 1-12 is tightly abutted against the cylindrical measuring surface of the main shaft 5 of the unit by the pretightening force generated by the spring 1-6, so that the damping between the roller of the encoder and the main shaft 5 is greatly increased, and the slipping is effectively prevented.
In order to facilitate fine adjustment of the bracket, an arc-shaped sliding groove is arranged at the end, connected with the connecting plate 1-4, of the fixing plate 1-5, so that the fixing plate 1-5 can be subjected to fine adjustment in the vertical, front-back and circumferential directions.
In the data transmission mode, the acquisition signals of the rotary encoders 1-12 are transmitted to the wireless acquisition unit through the signal cable and then transmitted to the data processing unit through wireless/wired transmission.
The rotary encoders 1 to 12 are provided at the main shaft 5 for continuously acquiring the phase of the main shaft when the disk is rotated.
Wherein, contact rotary encoder sensor and unit main shaft direct contact. When the main shaft rotates, the main shaft is contacted with the rotary speed sensor, and the friction force drives the roller of the sensor to rotate. A rotary pulse sensor mounted on the roller sends a series of pulses. Each pulse represents a certain distance value, so that the linear velocity V can be measured. Assuming that D is the roller diameter in mm, the roller outputs pi D pulses per revolution, and then 1 pulse represents a distance value of 1 mm. If the pulse count is n within the time t, the linear velocity V is:
Figure BDA0003285560880000071
in the present system, it is not the purpose to measure the rotational linear velocity of the spindle surface, and it is the true purpose to measure the phase. And correspondingly, it is tired ofThe counted pulse counts correspond to the phase of the rotation of the unit.
In order to facilitate the installation of the base, the base 1-1 is a magnetic base which can be attracted with a metal surface.
The surface of the roller of the rotary encoder 1-12 is provided with a hard polyurethane rubber layer.
When the invention is used, the following steps are adopted:
1) the rotary encoders 1-12 adopt a contact principle, and rollers of the rotary encoders 1-12 are in direct contact with the main shaft 5 of the unit;
2) when the main shaft 5 rotates, the main shaft 5 drives the rollers of the rotary encoders 1-12 to rotate;
3) a rotary pulse sensor mounted on the roller for emitting a series of pulses, each pulse representing a distance value;
4) pulse signals of the rotary encoders 1-12 are sent to the wireless acquisition unit through signal cables, converted into digital quantities of 0 and 1, and wirelessly transmitted to the data processing unit through WIFI. The data processing unit counts according to 0 and 1, so that the rotation phase and the linear velocity of the spindle can be converted.
Wherein a rotary pulse sensor on the roller sends a series of pulses as the roller of the rotary encoder 1-12 rotates. Each pulse represents a displacement value of 1mm of the roller. If the diameter of the main shaft is D (unit: mm) and the pulse count in time t is n, the calculation formula of the rotation angle alpha of the main shaft corresponding to the time is as follows:
Figure BDA0003285560880000072
roller rotation linear velocity V1Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003285560880000073
linear velocity V of spindle rotation2Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003285560880000074
in order to achieve the purpose of accurate measurement, when a fixed-point barring mode is adopted, the number of barring turns is 1-2. And setting the phase of the main shaft at the starting point of the turning gear to be 0 degrees, and automatically acquiring data by a rotary encoder in the turning gear process to calculate the phase.
When a continuous barring mode is adopted, the number of barring turns is not limited, and the accumulated error of phase measurement needs to be eliminated by matching with a key phase signal. When a key phase signal appears every turning a circle of the main shaft, setting accumulated pulses collected by the rotary encoders 1-12 to be zero, eliminating the error of phase measurement in the previous period, and accumulating subsequent pulses again to obtain the accurate phase of the main shaft of the unit at any moment.
Furthermore, a key phase block can be attached to the main shaft, the key phase signal and the pulse data of the contact type rotation speed sensor are synchronously acquired, meanwhile, the pulses output by the phase sensor are accumulated to obtain a real-time relative angle, if the key phase signal is acquired in the key phase signal, the accumulated pulses are set to be zero, the subsequent pulse accumulation carries out integral accumulation on the basis, and the accurate phase (relative to the initial phase) of the main shaft of the unit at any moment can be obtained according to the accumulated pulse number, the diameter of the main shaft and the pulse equivalent of the sensor.
The mirror plate horizontal measuring device 2 comprises a horizontal measuring sensor and an acquisition module connected with the horizontal measuring sensor;
in the turning process, when the levelness of the mirror plate is calculated, the following method is adopted:
and in any orientation of the mirror plate, carrying out X-direction and Y-direction vector decomposition on the inclination angle data collected by the level measurement sensor 2-1. E.g. the angle of the mirror plate α i, collected tilt angle data βαiDecomposed into X-direction vectors betaαiXAnd a Y-direction vector betaαiYComprises the following steps:
βαiX＝βαicosαi；αi∈[0,360)
βαiY＝βαisinαi；αi∈[0,360)
inclination angle X direction vector beta of plane measured by horizontal sensor for unit rotating for one circleXAnd Y vector betaXThe calculation method comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003285560880000081
Figure BDA0003285560880000082
the tilt angle β and the azimuth angle θ are calculated as follows:
Figure BDA0003285560880000083
Figure BDA0003285560880000084
then the mirror plate levelness azimuth is θ, the levelness H (mm/m) is:
H＝tgβ×1000；(mm/m)。
the mirror plate level measuring device 2 is connected to a wireless acquisition unit arranged on a lower guide bearing (or a thrust bearing) in a wireless mode. Each layer of wireless acquisition unit converts acquired sensor signals into digital signals, and the digital signals are wirelessly transmitted to the data processing unit after being amplified by the signal repeater in a wireless communication mode. The data processing unit acquires acquired data through Ethernet, characteristic parameters reflecting the shafting state of the unit are obtained through data processing and software algorithm, and a shafting adjustment scheme is generated through a shafting adjustment calculation model;
the horizontal measurement sensor is connected with the acquisition module in a RS232 wired mode, and the horizontal measurement sensor further comprises a storage battery module which supplies power to the horizontal measurement sensor and the acquisition module at the same time. The acquisition module carries out data communication with wireless acquisition unit through the WIFI communication mode. The wireless acquisition unit is in data communication with the data processing unit in a WIFI communication mode,
as for the eddy current sensor, the geometric shape, the geometric dimension and the current frequency of the coil are determined, the sensitivity of the eddy current sensor is not only related to the distance between the surface of the metal to be measured and the probe, but also related to the magnetic permeability and the electric conductivity of the metal body to be measured, so that the sensitivity is different when the same eddy current sensor is used for measuring the displacement of the metal body with different magnetic permeability and electric conductivity; as shown in fig. 5, in order to calibrate the sensitivity of the eddy current sensor when measuring the main shafts made of different materials, the invention provides an in-situ calibration device for the sensor;
the hydro-power generating unit throw sensor in-situ calibration device comprises a base 3-1, wherein a high-precision translation platform 3-2 is arranged on the base 3-1, a vertical column 3-4 which is vertically arranged is connected with the upper end face of the high-precision translation platform 3-2 at the bottom end, and an eddy current sensor 3-6 is arranged at the upper end of the vertical column 3-4 and is perpendicular to the vertical column 3-4.
Regarding the eddy current sensors 3 to 6:
1) firstly, calibrating the eddy current sensor by adopting an in-situ calibration sensor in the installation process;
2) calibrating a linear relation by taking-2V voltage as a starting point and-18V voltage as an end point;
3) and inputting the calibration data into a signal processor for sensor calibration.
The base 3-1 is preferably a magnetic base;
the upright posts 3-4 are parallel to the main shaft 5, the eddy current sensors 3-6 are of strip structures, and the detection ends of the eddy current sensors are close to the main shaft 5.
The sensor fixing upright column is used for a calibrated eddy current sensor and measures the gap displacement between the sensor and the main shaft opposite to the main shaft of the unit;
a round hole is arranged at the upper end of the upright post 3-4 in a penetrating way, and the eddy current sensor is transversely matched and connected with the round hole and is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the upright post 3-4 through a fixing nut 3-5.
Regarding the high-precision translation platform, the high-precision translation platform 3-2 can drive the upright post 3-4 to move in the X direction/Y direction.
The high-precision translation platform 3-2 comprises an X-direction adjusting module, a Y-direction adjusting module and an adjusting knob 3-3, the X-direction adjusting module can generate X-direction precise displacement through an X-direction coarse adjusting knob and an X-direction fine adjusting knob, and the Y-direction adjusting module can generate Y-direction precise displacement through a Y-direction coarse adjusting knob and a Y-direction coarse adjusting knob.
The horizontal position adjusting device of the high-precision horizontal translation platform can realize a manual adjusting device in a small range in two horizontal directions, and the device is provided with a high-precision measuring scale, so that parameters such as adjusting range, distance and the like can be read, and the precision can reach 0.1 um. The high-precision horizontal translation platform is horizontally fixed on a bracket or other static parts through a base.
The upright post is fixed on the horizontal translation platform. The position of the force column is adjusted by adjusting an adjusting knob on the platform, so that the gap between the sensor and the main shaft is adjusted. The size of the gap can be adjusted, and the gap can be read by a measuring scale with high precision on the device.
For better and more accurate understanding by those skilled in the art, and for ease of implementation, the parameters provided with respect to the high precision translation stage are as follows:
1) the model number indicates: XYW 60U 60-60H-13U;
2) two-dimensional ultra-precise translation table with table surface size of 60 multiplied by 60mm and stroke of 13mm
3) The sliding structure adopts a crossed roller guide rail structure, so that the bearing capacity is higher, and the stability and the stationarity of the movement are better.
4) Precise two-stage adjustment, differential head adjustment, reading, minimum resolution: 0.1 um.
5) The bottom of the platform is provided with a mounting hole which can be conveniently mounted on other platforms, or a mounting bottom plate is additionally arranged and is mounted downwards.
6) The alloy aluminum has black oxidized surface, and can be used as a translation table made of stainless steel if special needs exist.
Furthermore, the signal end of the eddy current sensor 3-6 is connected with the acquisition unit through a cable 3-7, and the acquisition unit is connected with the data processing unit through wire/wireless.
The output signal of the calibrated eddy current sensor is accessed to the acquisition device for continuous acquisition, and can be transmitted to the data processing unit through the wireless network after being acquired.
For better and more accurate understanding and implementation by the skilled person, the parameters provided by the acquisition device and the data processing unit are as follows:
the wireless acquisition unit with the model of DMS-16CLD can be selected, the structure is compact, the size is small, the wireless acquisition unit is composed of a power supply module, an acquisition processing module and a wireless transceiving module, an independent high-precision amplification conditioning circuit is arranged in each channel of a node, and the wireless acquisition unit is compatible with various sensors such as displacement, acceleration, pressure, temperature and the like. The node supports 2-wire, 3-wire and 4-wire input modes simultaneously. The acquired data can be wirelessly transmitted to a computer in real time and can also be stored in a 2G data memory built in the node, so that the accuracy of the acquired data is ensured. The WiFi protocol is adopted in the communication mode, and the wireless local area network communication system has the advantages that the communication bandwidth is high, the air transmission rate can reach 11MB/s, and the data communication requirement of multi-channel high-speed continuous collection can be completely met. Under the condition of signal relay, the effective transmission record can reach more than 500 m.
The data processing unit can adopt a data processing computer, such as a notebook computer;
the wireless acquisition unit is characterized by further comprising a storage battery, wherein the storage battery can provide power for the eddy current sensor and the wireless acquisition unit, and the storage battery can be arranged in the wireless acquisition unit.
When the invention is adopted to calibrate the sensitivity coefficient of the eddy current sensor, the following steps are adopted:
1) fixing the in-situ calibration device 3 near the measurement part of the sensor; then fixing the eddy current sensor on the in-situ calibration device 3, connecting the output signal of the calibrated eddy current sensor into the acquisition device of the layer, and providing a sensor power supply;
2) after the preparation work is finished, the distance between the eddy current sensor and the spindle is adjusted through the high-precision translation platform, the signal processing computer automatically records the voltage/current signal output by the calibrated sensor, in addition, the high-precision scale data on the in-situ calibration device is manually read, the gap adjustment value between the eddy current and the spindle is calculated, and the data is synchronously input into the computer;
3) after the signals and data of a plurality of displacement points are obtained through measurement in the steps, a signal processing computer calculates and obtains a sensitivity coefficient to be verified of the calibrated sensor by adopting a least square method;
4) and adjusting the distance between the surface of the main shaft and the sensor by adopting the obtained sensitivity coefficient to be verified, simultaneously recording the displacement output measured by the eddy current sensor and the actual displacement measured manually, comparing the errors between the two point by point to form an error analysis report, finishing online calibration if the error between the two is within an allowable range, and finishing the sensitivity coefficient to be verified, namely the sensitivity coefficient of the eddy current sensor for measurement of the system.
The system can be used for acquiring the shafting state characteristic parameters of the water-turbine generator set; the device can be used for adjusting the shaft system of the water turbine generator set; the shafting adjustment of the mixed-flow water turbine generator set is specifically introduced as follows:
a method for adjusting a mixed-flow water turbine generator set shafting comprises the following steps:
step 1: measuring turning related data;
step 2: resampling according to the main shaft phase;
and step 3: acquiring the throw of a main shaft in the turning process;
and 4, step 4: acquiring the levelness of the mirror plate in the turning process;
and 5: acquiring unit rotation center data;
step 6: acquiring a shafting adjustment scheme;
in step 5, the mixed-flow type unit mainly measures the air gaps of the upper layer and the lower layer of the stator and the rotor and the gap of the upper leakage-stopping ring and the lower leakage-stopping ring of the rotating wheel.
In step 1, before turning, all the measured values of the swing degree sensors are zero-corrected, and in the turning process, a measured value AX of the X-direction swing degree is obtainedα1～AXαnY-direction throw measurement value AYα1～AYαnMirror plate levelness measurement value, rotating part and fixed part gap measurement value Gα1～Gαn；
In step 2, resampling the data collected by all sensors when the turning gear rotates for a circle according to the rotation angle of the main shaft, wherein the number of equally divided points is even number n, the first point after resampling is an initial point, and the corresponding angle value of a certain point i (i belongs to [0, n ]) is as follows:
Figure BDA0003285560880000121
in step 3, the turning modes comprise a fixed-point turning mode and a continuous turning mode;
aiming at the fixed-point barring mode, the following steps are adopted:
and after resampling the X-direction measuring point and the Y-direction measuring point of a certain section, carrying out vector decomposition on all the swing degree values to obtain an X-direction component and a Y-direction component. Then the vector component X of the X azimuth measuring point of the sectionx、XyAnd Y azimuth measuring point vector component Yx、YyComprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003285560880000122
Figure BDA0003285560880000123
Figure BDA0003285560880000124
Figure BDA0003285560880000125
calculating the deviation coordinates X and Y of the geometric center of the section rotating component relative to the rotating center as follows:
X＝(Xx+Yx)/2
Y＝(Xy+Yy)/2
and calculating the deviation coordinates of the geometric center of each section rotating component relative to the rotating center as follows:
Xupper guide、YUpper guide、XLower guide、YLower guide、XFlange、YFlange、XWater guide、YWater guide
After the center deviation of each section axis is calculated, the throw value of the position limiting the horizontal displacement needs to be deducted during throw calculation, and the center deviation of each section axis needs to deduct the displacement of the lower guide position;
X′upper guide＝XUpper guide－XLower guide，Y′Upper guide＝YUpper guide－YLower guide
X′Flange＝XFlange－XLower guide，Y′Flange＝YFlange－YLower guide
X′Water guide＝XWater guide－XLower guide，Y′Water guide＝YWater guide－YLower guide
The swing and the orientation of each section are as follows:
swing degree:
Figure BDA0003285560880000126
and (3) a swing azimuth angle:
Figure BDA0003285560880000131
in step 3, for the continuous barring manner, the following steps are adopted:
the method comprises the following steps: calculating to obtain a full swing value according to the opposite side subtraction in the continuous jigger rotating process, capturing the maximum full swing actually generated in the rotating process of the rotating component due to the continuous jigger rotating phase, and calculating a main shaft X-direction float displacement value X corresponding to an alpha i angle and an alpha i +180 DEG of a unitαiAnd a Y-direction play value YαiComprises the following steps:
Xαi＝AX(αi+180°)-AXαi；αi∈[0，180°]
Yαi＝AY(αi+180°)-AYαi；αi∈[0，180°]
the full swing degree R corresponding to the angle alpha iαiComprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003285560880000132
after the calculation of the full swing of all angles of each section is completed, when calculating the top guide and water guide net swing, the swing value of the position (bottom guide) where the corresponding angle limits horizontal displacement is deducted, and the maximum full swing amplitude and the net swing amplitude are found out from the top guide and water guide swing, namely the maximum double amplitude of the jigger, and the corresponding angle is the maximum double amplitude angle. In order to detect the concentricity of the upper end shaft and the rotor flange, a relative net swing value of subtracting the full swing of the lower flange of the rotor from the upper-guide full swing is required to be calculated.
The method 2 comprises the following steps: the algorithm is the same as the fixed-point turning mode, and the equal-portion angle is calculated according to a point of 0.5 degrees.
In step 4, when calculating the mirror plate levelness in the turning process, the tilt angle data collected by the mirror plate level sensor is subjected to vector decomposition in the X direction and the Y direction. E.g. the angle of the mirror plate α i, collected tilt angle data βαiDecomposed into X-direction vectors betaαiXAnd a Y-direction vector betaαiYComprises the following steps:
βαiX＝βαicosαi；αi∈[0,360)
βαiY＝βαisinαi；αi∈[0,360)
inclination angle X direction vector beta of plane measured by horizontal sensor for unit rotating for one circleXAnd Y vector betaXThe calculation method comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003285560880000133
Figure BDA0003285560880000134
the tilt angle β and the azimuth angle θ are calculated as follows:
Figure BDA0003285560880000135
Figure BDA0003285560880000141
then the mirror plate levelness azimuth is θ, the levelness H (mm/m) is:
H＝tgβ×1000；(mm/m)。
in step 5, the gap values of all parts of the rotating part and the fixed part of the unit are measured in the turning process, the rotation center of the unit is calculated, the mixed flow type unit mainly measures the air gaps of the upper layer and the lower layer of the stator and the rotor and the gap of the upper leakage stopping ring and the lower leakage stopping ring of the rotating wheel,
when turning, the clearance values between the 0-degree and 180-degree fixed azimuth components and the rotating component are measured, and vector decomposition is carried out to obtain the X direction and the Y direction.
At 0 DEG, the geometric center of the rotating part is eccentric with respect to the fixed part by X0And Y0Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003285560880000142
Figure BDA0003285560880000143
at 180 DEG, the geometric center of the rotating part is eccentric with respect to the fixed part by X180And Y180Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003285560880000144
Figure BDA0003285560880000145
the fixed part is then displaced with respect to the rotation center coordinate and the eccentricity X1And Y1Comprises the following steps:
X1＝-(X0+X180)/2
Y1＝-(Y0+Y180)/2
eccentricity:
Figure BDA0003285560880000146
eccentric orientation:
Figure BDA0003285560880000147
geometric center of 0-degree azimuth rotating component relative to rotation center coordinate X2And Y2Comprises the following steps:
X2＝(X0-X180)/2
Y2＝(Y0-Y180)/2
eccentricity value:
Figure BDA0003285560880000148
eccentric orientation:
Figure BDA0003285560880000149
swing coordinate X of rotating part3And Y3Comprises the following steps:
X3＝-2*X2
Y3＝-2*Y2
a pendulum value:
Figure BDA0003285560880000151
and (3) pendulum orientation:
Figure BDA0003285560880000152
in step 6, when obtaining the mixed flow type unit shafting adjustment scheme, the following steps are adopted:
1) acquiring a mirror plate horizontal adjustment scheme;
2) obtaining an axis adjustment scheme;
3) acquiring a rotation center adjusting scheme;
in step 1), in acquiring a mirror plate leveling scheme;
the total number of the support bolts of the mirror plate part is N, the distance from the mounting position of the support bolt to the center of the mirror plate is R, the levelness of the mirror plate is L, and the azimuth angle is theta;
the adjustment amount A of the strut bolt is adjusted at the angle alphaαThe calculation formula is as follows:
Aα＝-R×L×cos(β-α)；
in step 2), when an axis adjustment scheme is acquired;
the displacement value of the swing deducted thrust of each section is calculated to obtain the geometric center coordinate X of the upper guide measuring surfaceUpper guide、YUpper guideGeometric center coordinate X of lower flange measuring surface of rotorLower flange、YLower flangeGeometric center coordinate X of water guide measuring surfaceWater guide、YWater guideCenter coordinate X of upper guide relative to lower flange of rotorUpper guide-lower flange、YUpper guide-lower flange；
When the geometric center coordinate of the upper guide measuring surface is too large, the center coordinate of the upper guide relative to the lower flange of the rotor needs to be comprehensively analyzed.
1) If XUpper guide-lower flange、YUpper guide-lower flangeIf the rotor is too large, the eccentricity between the upper end shaft and the upper flange of the rotor is large, and adjustment is needed. The adjustment value and the adjustment direction are as follows:
adjusting the value:
Figure BDA0003285560880000153
adjusting the orientation:
Figure BDA0003285560880000154
2) if XUpper guide-lower flange、YUpper guide-lower flangeAnd if the rotating center of the unit is smaller than the water guide geometric center, the relative position of the thrust head and the rotor needs to be adjusted, and the rotating center of the unit needs to be adjusted to the middle position of the water guide geometric center and the upper guide geometric center by combining the water guide geometric center data.
In step 3), when a rotation center adjustment scheme is acquired;
the adjustment of the rotation center is to calculate and analyze the clearance value of each section fixed part and the rotating part to obtain the coordinate of the geometric center of the section fixed part relative to the rotation center of the rotating part, the coordinate is used as the basis of horizontal pushing of the main shaft, the clearance of each section is adjusted to an optimal range through a horizontal pushing shaft, before the scheme of the pushing shaft is calculated, the adjustment range and the priority of each end surface clearance value are set according to the actual condition of a unit, the priority of the clearance value is two-stage, and the key level clearance value refers to the clearance value which must be adjusted to the optimal clearance value on the basis that other clearance values only meet the standard. The common level clearance value is a clearance value which only meets the standard.
The method for push axis calculation in the system depends on the high-speed calculation capability of a computer, and the selectable scheme is as follows: trial push is carried out in each direction of 360 degrees of the main shaft, and the angle step is 1 degree. The trial deduction amount is from 0mm to 10mm, and the trial deduction step length is 0.001 mm. The system firstly selects a push axis scheme with the gap values of all parts up to the standard from a plurality of trial push schemes, and then finds a scheme with the optimal priority gap value from the schemes as a recommendation scheme.
The invention also discloses a fixed point jigger throw calculation method, which comprises the following steps:
1. after resampling the X-direction measuring point and the Y-direction measuring point of a certain section, carrying out vector decomposition on all the swing degree values to obtain an X-direction component and a Y-direction component;
2. calculating the offset coordinates X and Y of the geometric center of the section rotating component relative to the rotating center;
3. calculating the offset coordinates of the geometric center of each section rotating component relative to the rotating center;
4. after the calculation of the center deviation of the axis of each section is finished, the swing value at the position limiting the horizontal displacement needs to be deducted during the swing calculation, and the swing and the direction of each section are obtained.
In step 1, the vector component X of the X-direction measuring point of the sectionx、XyAnd Y azimuth measuring point vector component Yx、YyComprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003285560880000161
Figure BDA0003285560880000162
Figure BDA0003285560880000163
Figure BDA0003285560880000164
in step 2, offset coordinates X and Y of the geometric center of the section rotating component relative to the rotation center are calculated as:
X＝(Xx+Yx)/2
Y＝(Xy+Yy)/2；
in step 3, the offset coordinates of the geometric center of each section rotating part relative to the rotation center are calculated as follows:
Xupper guide、YUpper guide、XLower guide、YLower guide、XFlange、YFlange、XWater guide、YWater guide
In step 4, after the center deviation of each section axis is calculated, the throw value at the position limiting the horizontal displacement needs to be deducted during throw calculation, and the displacement at the lower guide position needs to be deducted from the center deviation of each section axis;
X′upper guide＝XUpper guide－XLower guide，Y′Upper guide＝YUpper guide－YLower guide
X′Flange＝XFlange－XLower guide，Y′Flange＝YFlange－YLower guide
X′Water guide＝XWater guide－XLower guide，Y′Water guide＝YWater guide－YLower guide
The swing and the orientation of each section are as follows:
swing degree:
Figure BDA0003285560880000171
and (3) a swing azimuth angle:
Figure BDA0003285560880000172
the invention also comprises a continuous jigger turning throw calculation method, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: calculating according to the subtraction of the opposite sides in the continuous barring process to obtain a full-swing value;
step 2: after the calculation of the full swing of all angles of each section is completed, obtaining upper guide and water guide net swing values;
and step 3: and finding out the maximum full swing amplitude and the net swing amplitude in the upper guide swing and the water guide swing, namely the maximum double amplitude of the jigger, wherein the corresponding angle is the maximum double amplitude angle.
In step 1, when acquiring a full-swing value, the following steps are adopted:
calculating the main shaft X direction float displacement value X corresponding to the angle alpha i and the angle alpha i +180 DEG of the unitαiAnd a Y-direction play value YαiComprises the following steps:
Xαi＝AX(αi+180°)-AXαi；αi∈[0，180°]
Yαi＝AY(αi+180°)-AYαi；αi∈[0，180°]
the full swing degree R corresponding to the angle alpha iαiComprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003285560880000173
the invention also comprises a mixed flow type machine set shafting adjusting method, which comprises the following steps:
1. acquiring a mirror plate horizontal adjustment scheme;
2. obtaining an axis adjustment scheme;
3. acquiring a rotation center adjusting scheme;
in step 1, in acquiring a mirror plate leveling scheme;
the total number of the support bolts of the mirror plate part is N, the distance from the mounting position of the support bolt to the center of the mirror plate is R, the levelness of the mirror plate is L, and the azimuth angle is theta;
the adjustment amount A of the strut bolt is adjusted at the angle alphaαThe calculation formula is as follows:
Aα＝-R×L×cos(β-α)；
in step 2, when the axis adjustment scheme is acquired;
the displacement value of the swing deducted thrust of each section is calculated to obtain the geometric center coordinate X of the upper guide measuring surfaceUpper guide、YUpper guideGeometric center coordinate X of lower flange measuring surface of rotorLower flange、YLower flangeGeometric center coordinate X of water guide measuring surfaceWater guide、YWater guideCenter coordinate X of upper guide relative to lower flange of rotorUpper guide-lower flange、YUpper guide-lower flange；
When the geometric center coordinate of the upper guide measuring surface is too large, the center coordinate of the upper guide relative to the lower flange of the rotor needs to be comprehensively analyzed.
1) If XUpper guide-lower flange、YUpper guide-lower flangeIf the rotor is too large, the eccentricity between the upper end shaft and the upper flange of the rotor is large, and adjustment is needed. The adjustment value and the adjustment direction are as follows:
adjusting the value:
Figure BDA0003285560880000181
adjusting the orientation:
Figure BDA0003285560880000182
2) if XUpper guide-lower flange、YUpper guide-lower flangeAnd if the rotating center of the unit is smaller than the water guide geometric center, the relative position of the thrust head and the rotor needs to be adjusted, and the rotating center of the unit needs to be adjusted to the middle position of the water guide geometric center and the upper guide geometric center by combining the water guide geometric center data.
In step 3, when the rotation center adjustment scheme is acquired;
the adjustment of the rotation center is to calculate and analyze the clearance value of each section fixed part and the rotating part to obtain the coordinate of the geometric center of the section fixed part relative to the rotation center of the rotating part, the coordinate is used as the basis of horizontal pushing of the main shaft, the clearance of each section is adjusted to an optimal range through a horizontal pushing shaft, before the scheme of the pushing shaft is calculated, the adjustment range and the priority of each end surface clearance value are set according to the actual condition of a unit, the priority of the clearance value is two-stage, and the key level clearance value refers to the clearance value which must be adjusted to the optimal clearance value on the basis that other clearance values only meet the standard. The common level clearance value is a clearance value which only meets the standard.
When the optimal adjustment scheme is obtained, trial-push calculation is carried out in each direction of 360 degrees of the major axis, and proper angle calculation step length, trial-push amount and trial-push step length are selected; firstly, selecting a push axis scheme with gap values of all parts up to the standard from a plurality of trial push schemes, and then finding a scheme with the optimal key-level gap value from the schemes as a final adjustment scheme.
Optionally, the angular step is 1 °. The trial deduction amount is from 0mm to 10mm, and the trial deduction step length is 0.001 mm.

Claims (10)

1. A system for acquiring characteristic parameters of a shaft system state of a water turbine generator set is characterized by comprising a phase acquisition device (1), a mirror plate horizontal measurement device (2) and a throw sensor (4);
the phase acquisition device (1) is arranged at the position of the main shaft (5) and is used for acquiring the phase of the main shaft during the turning of the disk;
the mirror plate horizontal measuring device (2) is arranged on the horizontal plane of the rotating part and is used for automatically and continuously measuring the levelness of the mirror plate of the unit during the turning process;
the throw sensor (4) is used for measuring a clearance value between the throw sensor and the main shaft (5); the sensor in-situ calibration device (3) is used for carrying out on-site in-situ on-line calibration on the sensitivity coefficient of the eddy current sensor.
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the phase acquisition device (1) comprises a support (1-2) and a base (1-1) connected with the bottom end of the support (1-2), the rotating arm (1-3) is sleeved on the support (1-2), the rotating arm (1-3) comprises an upper rotating arm and a lower rotating arm which are sleeved on the support (1-2), a limiting block (1-7) is arranged between the upper rotating arm and the lower rotating arm, the limiting block (1-7) is sleeved on the support (1-2), the limiting block (1-7) is connected with the support (1-2) through a jackscrew (1-8), one end of a connecting plate (1-4) is connected with the rotating arm (1-3) through a fastening screw (1-9), the relative position can be adjusted through straight chutes (1-13) arranged on the connecting plates (1-4); the other end of the connecting plate (1-4) is connected with the fixing plate (1-5) through a fastening screw (1-10); the rotary encoder (1-12) is fixed by fastening screws (1-11) on the fixing plate (1-5).
3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that a hook is arranged at the back of the fastening screw (1-9) and connected with the limiting block (1-7) through a spring (1-6) for applying pre-tightening force to the rotation of the rotating arm (1-3); the end of the fixing plate (1-5) connected with the connecting plate (1-4) is provided with an arc-shaped sliding chute (1-14) which can enable the fixing plate (1-5) to be finely adjusted in the vertical, front-back and circumferential directions.
4. The system according to claim 2, wherein the mirror plate leveling device (2) comprises a leveling sensor (2-1), an acquisition module (2-2) connected to the leveling sensor (2-1);
in the turning process, when the mirror plate levelness is calculated by adopting the mirror plate levelness measuring device (2), the following method is adopted:
carrying out X-direction and Y-direction vector decomposition on the inclination angle data collected by the horizontal measurement sensor 2-1 at any position of the mirror plate; e.g. the angle of the mirror plate α i, collected tilt angle data βαiDecomposed into X-direction vectors betaαiXAnd a Y-direction vector betaαiYComprises the following steps:
βαiX＝βαicosαi；αi∈[0,360)
βαiY＝βαisinαi；αi∈[0,360)
inclination angle X direction vector beta of plane measured by horizontal sensor for unit rotating for one circleXAnd Y vector betaXThe calculation method comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0003285560870000021
Figure FDA0003285560870000022
the tilt angle β and the azimuth angle θ are calculated as follows:
Figure FDA0003285560870000023
Figure FDA0003285560870000024
then the mirror plate levelness azimuth is θ, the levelness H (mm/m) is:
H＝tgβ×1000；(mm/m)。
5. the system according to claim 1, characterized in that the throw sensor (4) is an eddy current sensor;
the sensitivity coefficient of the eddy current sensor is calibrated by a sensor in-situ calibration device (3),
the sensor in-situ calibration device (3) comprises a base (3-1), a high-precision translation platform (3-2) is arranged on the base (3-1), a vertically arranged upright post (3-4) is connected with the upper end face of the high-precision translation platform (3-2) at the bottom end, and an eddy current sensor (3-6) is arranged at the upper end of the upright post (3-4) and is perpendicular to the upright post (3-4).
6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that the upright (3-4) is parallel to the main shaft (5), the eddy current sensor (3-6) is of a strip-shaped structure, and the detection end of the eddy current sensor is close to the main shaft (5);
a round hole is arranged at the upper end of the upright post (3-4) in a penetrating way, and the eddy current sensor is transversely matched and connected with the round hole and is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the upright post (3-4) through a fixing nut (3-5);
the high-precision translation platform (3-2) can drive the upright post (3-4) to move in the X direction/Y direction;
the high-precision translation platform (3-2) comprises an X-direction adjusting module, a Y-direction adjusting module and an adjusting knob (3-3), wherein the X-direction adjusting module can generate X-direction precise displacement through an X-direction coarse adjusting knob and an X-direction fine adjusting knob, and the Y-direction adjusting module can generate Y-direction precise displacement through a Y-direction coarse adjusting knob and a Y-direction coarse adjusting knob.
7. System according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that in the calibration of the sensitivity coefficient of the eddy current sensor using the in-situ calibration device (3) the following steps are taken:
1) fixing an in-situ calibration device (3) near a measurement part of the sensor; then fixing the eddy current sensor on an in-situ calibration device (3), connecting the output signal of the calibrated eddy current sensor into a local acquisition device, and providing a sensor power supply;
2) after the preparation work is finished, the distance between the eddy current sensor and the spindle is adjusted through the high-precision translation platform, the signal processing computer automatically records the voltage/current signal output by the calibrated sensor, in addition, the high-precision scale data on the in-situ calibration device is manually read, the gap adjustment value between the eddy current and the spindle is calculated, and the data is synchronously input into the computer;
3) after the signals and data of a plurality of displacement points are obtained through measurement in the steps, a signal processing computer calculates and obtains a sensitivity coefficient to be verified of the calibrated sensor by adopting a least square method;
4) and adjusting the distance between the surface of the main shaft and the sensor by adopting the obtained sensitivity coefficient to be verified, simultaneously recording the displacement output measured by the eddy current sensor and the actual displacement measured manually, comparing the errors between the two point by point to form an error analysis report, finishing online calibration if the error between the two is within an allowable range, and finishing the sensitivity coefficient to be verified, namely the sensitivity coefficient of the eddy current sensor for measurement of the system.
8. A main shaft phase acquisition method is characterized in that: when the main shaft phase is collected, the following steps are adopted:
1) the rotary encoders (1-12) adopt a contact principle, and rollers of the rotary encoders are in direct contact with the main shaft (5) of the unit;
2) when the main shaft (5) rotates, the main shaft (5) drives the roller of the rotary encoder to rotate;
3) a rotary pulse sensor mounted on the roller for emitting a series of pulses, each pulse representing a distance value;
4) pulse signals of the rotary encoder are sent to the wireless acquisition unit through a signal cable, converted into digital quantities of 0 and 1 and wirelessly transmitted to the data processing unit through WIFI; the data processing unit counts according to 0 and 1, so that the rotation phase and the linear velocity of the spindle can be converted.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein when the roller of the rotary encoder rotates, the rotating pulse sensor on the roller sends a series of pulses, each pulse represents a specified displacement value of the roller, and assuming that the diameter of the main shaft is D (unit: mm) and the number of pulses in time t is n, the rotation angle α of the main shaft corresponding to the time is calculated as:
Figure FDA0003285560870000031
roller rotation linear velocity V1Comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0003285560870000032
linear velocity V of spindle rotation2Comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0003285560870000041
10. a method for calculating levelness of a mirror plate in a turning process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
at any position of the mirror plate, the inclination angle data collected by the level measurement sensor 2-1 is subjected to X-direction and Y-direction vector decomposition, such as the inclination angle data beta collected under the angle alpha i of the mirror plateαiDecomposed into X-direction vectors betaαiXAnd a Y-direction vector betaαiYComprises the following steps:
βαiX＝βαicosαi；αi∈[0,360)
βαiY＝βαisinαi；αi∈[0,360)
inclination angle X direction vector beta of plane measured by horizontal sensor for unit rotating for one circleXAnd Y vector betaXThe calculation method comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0003285560870000042
Figure FDA0003285560870000043
the tilt angle β and the azimuth angle θ are calculated as follows:
Figure FDA0003285560870000044
Figure FDA0003285560870000045
then the mirror plate levelness azimuth is θ, the levelness H (mm/m) is:
H＝tgβ×1000；(mm/m)。
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CN115060209B (en) * 2022-04-13 2024-05-28 南昌工程学院 Full-automatic vertical hydroelectric generating set shafting swing degree measurement and adjustment calculation system

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