CN113700509A - Supporting mechanism for underground weak engineering geological roadway and using method thereof - Google Patents
Supporting mechanism for underground weak engineering geological roadway and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113700509A CN113700509A CN202111176780.1A CN202111176780A CN113700509A CN 113700509 A CN113700509 A CN 113700509A CN 202111176780 A CN202111176780 A CN 202111176780A CN 113700509 A CN113700509 A CN 113700509A
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- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D15/00—Props; Chocks, e.g. made of flexible containers filled with backfilling material
- E21D15/02—Non-telescopic props
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D15/00—Props; Chocks, e.g. made of flexible containers filled with backfilling material
- E21D15/50—Component parts or details of props
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D19/00—Provisional protective covers for working space
- E21D19/04—Provisional protective covers for working space for use in drifting galleries
Abstract
The invention discloses a supporting mechanism for underground weak engineering geological roadways and a using method thereof, and relates to the technical field of geological roadway supporting, and the supporting mechanism comprises a plurality of supporting device units and a connector for connecting the plurality of supporting device units in series into a whole, wherein each supporting device unit comprises a section steel supporting column and an arc-shaped bracket, each section steel supporting column comprises a column body, a tenon, a cavity arranged in the column body and a boss arranged at the top end of the column body, and a groove is arranged on each boss; the arc-shaped support comprises a first arc-shaped framework and a second arc-shaped framework, arc-shaped openings of the first arc-shaped framework and the second arc-shaped framework are vertically downward, the two ends of the first arc-shaped framework and the second arc-shaped framework are respectively provided with a section block, and the section blocks are matched with the section grooves in an inserted mode to realize the overlapping joint of the arc-shaped support and the section steel support columns; a plurality of supporting devices are arranged along the radial direction of the arc-shaped bracket. The support mechanism disclosed by the invention is simple in structure, simple and convenient to assemble, disassemble, operate and use, stable in structure, good in support effect, safe and reliable, and can play an active support role.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geological roadway support, in particular to a supporting mechanism for an underground weak engineering geological roadway and a using method thereof.
Background
Along with the constantly increasing of mining degree of depth and intensity, tunnel pressure constantly increases, and the tunnel deformation is difficult to control, and the tunnel is strutted the degree of difficulty and is constantly increased, and requires that tunnel supporting speed constantly improves. At present, mine roadways mainly adopt two support modes: firstly, the prestressed anchor cable is actively supported; and secondly, passively supporting the steel shed. The prestressed anchor cable support is an active support mode, can effectively apply prestress to surrounding rock, inhibit the opening of native fissures of the surrounding rock, maintain the integrity of the self structure of the surrounding rock, maintain the self-bearing capacity of the surrounding rock, and obtain good application effect under the condition of a complicated and difficult roadway. However, the anchor cable support construction process comprises the links of punching, conveying, stirring the anchoring agent, installing the pre-tightened anchor cable and the like, the construction process is complicated, the time for using is long, the roadway forming speed is far lower than the working face extraction speed, the excavation is continuous and tense, and the high-yield and high-efficiency requirements of mines cannot be met. The passive support construction of the steel shed is simple and convenient, and the roadway forming speed is high. The steel shed is supported passively, the steel shed and the rock wall cannot be abutted and attached, the active supporting effect cannot be achieved, and the supporting effect is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a supporting mechanism for an underground weak engineering geological roadway and a using method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a supporting mechanism for underground weak engineering geological roadways comprises a plurality of supporting device units and a connector for connecting the supporting device units in series to form a whole; the supporting device unit comprises a pair of profile steel supporting columns arranged in a mirror image mode and an arc-shaped support arranged above the profile steel supporting columns, each profile steel supporting column comprises a column body, a tenon arranged at the bottom end of the column body, a cavity arranged on the side portion of the middle section of the column body and a boss arranged at the top end of the column body, a groove is formed in each boss, and the direction of the groove is consistent with the direction of the roadway through;
the arc-shaped support comprises a first arc-shaped framework and a second arc-shaped framework, arc-shaped openings of the first arc-shaped framework and the second arc-shaped framework are both vertically downward, an outer ring at the top of the second arc-shaped framework is just matched and linked with an inner ring at the bottom of the first arc-shaped framework, the width of the first arc-shaped framework is larger than that of the second arc-shaped framework, and the second arc-shaped framework is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the first arc-shaped framework; the two ends of the first arc-shaped framework and the second arc-shaped framework are respectively provided with a section block, and the section blocks are matched with the section grooves in an inserted manner to realize the lap joint of the arc-shaped support and the section steel support;
a plurality of supporting devices are arranged along the radial direction of the arc-shaped bracket, the supporting devices comprise a cylindrical straight push rod, an arc-shaped supporting plate and a T-shaped push rod, the arc-shaped supporting plate and the T-shaped push rod are respectively connected with two ends of the straight push rod, a containing cavity with the same shape as the supporting plate is arranged on a first arc-shaped framework and is used for containing the supporting plate, a first perforation and a threaded hole are penetrated in a second arc-shaped framework, the radius of the first perforation is smaller than that of the threaded hole, the first perforation and the threaded hole are arranged along the radial direction of the second arc-shaped framework, one end of the first perforation is communicated with the containing cavity, the other end of the first perforation is communicated with the threaded hole, the straight push rod is penetrated in the first perforation and penetrates in the threaded hole, the T-shaped push rod comprises a push cylinder, a spring arranged in the push cylinder, a clamping ring arranged at the opening of the push cylinder, a handle connected with the tail end of the push cylinder and an external thread arranged on the push cylinder, the top end of the straight push rod is connected with the back of the supporting plate, the bottom of the straight push rod is provided with a flange, the flange is positioned in the push cylinder, one end of the spring is abutted against the handle, the other end of the spring is abutted against the bottom of the flange, under the action force of the spring, the flange is abutted against the snap ring, the push cylinder can reach the threaded hole by pushing the handle, and the handle is rotated to realize threaded connection of external threads on the push cylinder and the threaded hole.
Furthermore, a positioning pin is connected between the block and the boss, when the block is of an I-shaped structure, an upper plate body of the block is in lap joint with the top of the boss, a middle vertical plate and a lower plate body of the block are matched and inserted in the groove, first positioning holes are vertically formed in the upper plate body of the block, the boss and the lower plate body of the block, a first positioning pin is arranged in each first positioning hole, and the first positioning pins are located at the front side position or/and the rear side position of the second arc-shaped framework; when the section block is a half transverse N-shaped structure, the upper plate body of the section block is in lap joint with the top of the boss, the middle vertical plate and the lower plate body of the section block are matched and inserted in the section groove, a second positioning hole is vertically formed in the upper plate body of the section block, the boss and the lower plate body of the section block, a second positioning pin is arranged in the second positioning hole, and the second positioning pin is located at the front side position or/and the rear side position of the second arc-shaped framework.
Furthermore, a plurality of second through holes are formed in the section steel support columns and the second arc-shaped framework, the connectors are preferably connecting rods, and the connecting rods are connected in the second through holes and used for being connected with the supporting device units linearly arranged in the roadway in series.
Furthermore, a pedal is arranged in the cavity of the section steel support, one end of the pedal is arranged on the column body in a turnover mode through a hinge shaft, a convex extending portion is arranged on the side portion of one end of the hinge shaft, a stop block is arranged on the column body on the side of the hinge shaft, the pedal can be turned over to enable the stop block to be abutted against the convex extending portion, and then the pedal is limited to be turned over continuously, and the pedal is horizontally fixed.
The using method of the supporting mechanism for the underground weak engineering geological roadway specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) symmetrically chiseling mortises at two sides of the bottom of the roadway;
(2) respectively leaning a pair of profile steel supporting columns on the side parts of two sides of the roadway, and inserting tenons at the bottoms of the profile steel supporting columns into mortises in a matched mode;
(3) respectively inserting the arc-shaped support into the groove at the top end of the corresponding side profile steel support through the profile blocks at two ends of the bottom of the arc-shaped support, and after the arc-shaped support is erected, limiting and fixing the arc-shaped support by using a positioning pin;
(4) the pedal plate is turned over and opened, a dismounting worker operates the plurality of supporting devices above the pedal plate by means of the pedal plate to realize abutting support of the supporting devices on the roadway, specifically, the handle is pushed, the supporting plate is moved out of the accommodating cavity until the top of the supporting plate abuts against the top of the roadway, the pushing is continued until the pushing barrel reaches the threaded hole, and then the pushing barrel is in threaded connection with the threaded hole by rotating the handle to limit fixing of the supporting devices;
(5) the pedal plate is turned and accommodated into the cavity, the operations are repeated, a plurality of supporting device units are linearly arranged on two sides of the roadway, and after the supporting device units are arranged, a connecting rod is finally inserted into the second through hole in each position, so that the supporting mechanism is installed;
(6) by combining the installation steps, the dismounting method of the supporting mechanism comprises the following steps in sequence: the connecting rod is dismantled, the support device is removed to the butt at tunnel top, the arc support is dismantled and both sides shaped steel pillar's is dismantled.
The support mechanism for the geological tunnel and the use method thereof at least comprise the following beneficial effects:
the supporting mechanism disclosed by the invention is simple in structure, simple and convenient to assemble, disassemble and operate and stable in structure, overcomes the defects of complexity, time and labor consumption and inconvenience in assembling and disassembling of anchor rod cable supporting construction in the prior art, and overcomes the defect of passive supporting in steel shed erecting construction.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a support mechanism in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the supporting mechanism in embodiment 1 (the foot board is turned upside down and not opened);
fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a supporting device unit in example 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the arc-shaped stent of example 1 (the shaped block has an I-shaped structure);
figure 5 is a schematic perspective view of the curved stent of example 1 (half-transverse-n-shaped configuration of the mold blocks);
FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view showing the structure of an arc-shaped stent in example 1;
FIG. 7 is a schematic sectional view showing the structure of the arc-shaped bracket in example 1 (the pusher is screwed into the threaded hole);
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of the supporting mechanism in embodiment 1 (the foot board is turned open);
FIG. 9 is a partial structural view of a middle-sized steel pillar according to embodiment 1 (a footboard is received in a cavity);
fig. 10 is a partial structural view of the middle-sized steel pillar according to embodiment 1 (the foot board is turned open).
Labeled as:
1. a supporting device unit; 101. a steel strut; 102. a tenon; 103. a cavity; 104. an arc-shaped bracket; 105. a boss; 106. a profiled groove; 107. a first arc-shaped framework; 108. a second arc-shaped framework; 109. molding blocks; 110. a first positioning pin; 111. a second positioning pin;
2. a connecting rod; 201. a second perforation;
3. a support device; 301. a straight push rod; 302. a support plate; 303. a T-shaped push rod; 304. an accommodating chamber; 305. a first perforation; 306. a threaded hole; 307. a push cylinder; 308. a spring; 309. a snap ring; 310. a handle; 311. an external thread; 312. a flange;
4. a foot pedal; 401. a hinge axis; 402. a convex extension portion; 403. a stopper;
5. a roadway; 501. and (4) mortising.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality" means two or more; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. It should also be noted that, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be construed broadly, as meaning, for example, permanently connected, removably connected, or integrally connected; the connection can be mechanical connection or circuit connection; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood as appropriate to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Example 1
A supporting mechanism for a geological roadway of a weak engineering in a well is shown in figures 1-3 and comprises a plurality of supporting device units 1 and a connector for connecting the plurality of supporting device units 1 in series into a whole.
The supporting device unit 1 comprises a section steel supporting column 101 and an arc-shaped support 104, the section steel supporting column 101 is symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side, the arc-shaped support 104 is arranged above the section steel supporting column 101, the section steel supporting column 101 comprises a column body, a tenon 102 arranged at the bottom end of the column body, a cavity 103 arranged on the lateral portion of the middle section of the column body and a boss 105 arranged at the top end of the column body, a type groove 106 is formed in the boss 105, and the direction formed by the type groove 106 is consistent with the direction of the through of the roadway 5.
The arc-shaped bracket 104 comprises a first arc-shaped framework 107 arranged above and a second arc-shaped framework 108 arranged below, the arc-shaped openings of the first arc-shaped framework 107 and the second arc-shaped framework 108 are both vertically downward, the top outer ring of the second arc-shaped framework 108 is just matched and connected with the bottom inner ring of the first arc-shaped framework 107, the width of the first arc-shaped framework 107 is larger than that of the second arc-shaped framework 108, and the second arc-shaped framework 108 is arranged in the middle position of the bottom of the first arc-shaped framework 107.
The two ends of the first arc framework 107 and the second arc framework 108 are respectively and commonly connected with a shaped block 109, the shaped block 109 is matched and inserted with the shaped groove 106, the arc support 104 is connected with the steel strut 101 on two sides below through the mutual insertion of the structures, furthermore, a positioning pin is connected between the shaped block 109 and the boss 105 for limiting, fixing and structure dismounting, the setting mode of the positioning pin is determined according to the structures of the shaped block 109 and the boss 105, and the following two embodiments specifically exist:
as shown in fig. 4, the mold block 109 has an i-shaped structure, an upper plate body of the mold block 109 is overlapped with the top of the boss 105, a middle vertical plate and a lower plate body of the mold block 109 are inserted into the groove 106 in a matching manner, first positioning holes (not shown) are vertically formed in the upper plate body of the mold block 109, the boss 105 and the lower plate body of the mold block 109, first positioning pins 110 are arranged in the positioning holes, and the first positioning pins 110 are located at the front side position or/and the rear side position of the second arc-shaped framework 108.
(ii) as shown in fig. 5, the half transverse n-shaped structure of the mold block 109 is a half transverse n-shaped structure, the top of the upper plate body of the mold block 109 is overlapped with the top of the boss 105, the middle vertical plate and the lower plate body of the mold block 109 are matched and inserted in the groove 106, second positioning holes (not shown) are vertically formed in the upper plate body of the mold block 109, the boss 105 and the lower plate body of the mold block 109, a second positioning pin 111 is arranged in the positioning holes, and the second positioning pin 111 is located at the front side position or/and the rear side position of the second arc-shaped framework 108.
By means of the arrangement of the profile blocks 109, the profile grooves 106 and the positioning pins, the detachable assembly connection of the two ends of the bottom of the arc-shaped support 104 and the top end of the profile steel support column 101 is conveniently realized.
As shown in fig. 6-7, a plurality of support devices 3, three support devices are provided along the radial direction of the arc-shaped support 104, the support devices 3 include a cylindrical straight push rod 301, an arc-shaped support plate 302 and a T-shaped push rod 303 respectively connected to two ends of the straight push rod 301, a receiving cavity 304 having the same shape as the support plate 302 is formed on the first arc-shaped framework 107, the receiving cavity 304 is used for receiving the support plate 302, a first through hole 305 and a threaded hole 306 are penetrated in the second arc-shaped framework 108 below the receiving cavity 304, the radius of the first through hole 305 is smaller than that of the threaded hole 306, the first through hole 305 and the threaded hole 306 are radially arranged along the second arc-shaped framework 108, one end of the first through hole 305 is communicated with the receiving cavity 304, the other end of the first through hole 305 is communicated with the threaded hole 306, the straight push rod 301 is inserted in the first through hole 305, the straight push rod 301 is inserted in the threaded hole 306, the T-shaped push rod 303 comprises a push cylinder 307, a spring 308 arranged in the push cylinder 307, a snap ring 309 arranged at the cylinder opening of the push cylinder 307, a handle 310 vertically fixed with the tail end (i.e. the bottom end) of the push cylinder 307 and an external thread 311 arranged on the cylinder body of the push cylinder 307, wherein, the top end of the straight push rod 301 is connected with the concave surface at the back of the support plate 302, the bottom end of the straight push rod 301 is provided with a flange 312, the flange 312 is positioned in the push cylinder 307, one end of the spring 308 is abutted with the handle 310, the other end of the spring 308 is abutted with the bottom of the flange 312, under the normal state, due to the force of the spring 308, the flange 312 abuts against the snap ring 309, the support plate 302 can be pushed out of the accommodating cavity 304 by the handle 310 until the support plate 302 abuts against the top of the tunnel 5 and the push cylinder 307 reaches the threaded hole 306, and then by rotating the handle 310, so that the outer part of the push cylinder 307 is screwed into the threaded hole 306, at this time, the spring 308 is compressed, the push cylinder 307 is limited, and the supporting device 3 is fixed; when the supporting device 3 is released, the handle 310 is rotated reversely, so that the push cylinder 307 is screwed out of the threaded hole 306, and then the handle is loosened, and the supporting device 3 descends under the action of self weight until the supporting plate 302 returns to the accommodating cavity 304; furthermore, a rubber pad (not shown) matched with the convex surface of the top of the support plate 302 is arranged on the support plate 302, and in the engineering implementation, the rubber pad replaces the support plate 302 to be directly abutted against the top of the roadway 5, and the rubber pad plays roles in buffering, shock absorption and protection.
Referring to fig. 1 again, a plurality of second through holes 201 are formed in the profile steel support column 101 and the second arc-shaped framework 108, the connector is preferably a connecting rod 2, and the connecting rod 2 is connected to the second through holes 201 and used for connecting the supporting device units 1 linearly arranged in the roadway 5 in series, so as to improve the overall stability of the supporting mechanism.
As shown in fig. 8 to 10, in order to facilitate the operation of the supporting device 3, a pedal 4 is disposed in the cavity 103 of the profile steel support 101, one end of the pedal 4 is disposed on the column body in a tilting manner through a hinge shaft 401, a protruding portion 402 is disposed on a side portion of one end of the hinge shaft 401, a stopper 403 is disposed on the column body on a side of the hinge shaft 401, the pedal 4 is tilted such that the stopper 403 abuts against the protruding portion 402, thereby achieving the purpose of restricting the pedal 4 from continuously tilting, achieving horizontal fixing of the pedal 4, and the pedal 4 is accommodated in the cavity 103 without the assistance of the pedal 4.
Example 2
The arc-shaped support 104 in the embodiment 1 is directed to a semicircular arch-shaped geological tunnel, while for tunnels with other cross-sectional shapes, such as rectangular or trapezoidal tunnels, the shape of the support is not circular arc, and the support structure optimized to the corresponding shape can be changed.
Similarly, the shape of the support plate is not limited to the circular arc, and the support plate can be in the shape of a straight strip plate, a cross plate or the like when the section of the roadway is rectangular or trapezoidal mainly according to the structure of the top of the roadway.
Example 3
Based on the above embodiment 1, this embodiment further illustrates a method for using the supporting mechanism for geological tunnels in embodiment 1, and the specific steps are as follows:
(1) symmetrically chiseling mortises 501 at two sides of the bottom of the roadway 5;
(2) a pair of profile steel support columns 101 are respectively arranged at the side parts of two sides of the roadway 5, and bottom tenons 102 of the profile steel support columns 101 are inserted into mortises 501 in a matching mode;
(3) respectively inserting the arc-shaped support 104 into the profile groove 106 at the top end of the corresponding side profile steel support 101 through profile blocks 109 at two ends of the bottom, and after erection is finished, limiting and fixing by using a positioning pin;
(4) the pedal plate 4 is turned over and opened, a dismounting worker operates the plurality of supporting devices 3 above the pedal plate 4 to support the supporting devices 3 in an abutting mode on the roadway 5, specifically, the handle 310 is pushed, the supporting plate 302 moves out of the accommodating cavity 304 until the top of the supporting plate 302 abuts against the top of the roadway 5, the supporting device is pushed continuously until the pushing cylinder 307 reaches the threaded hole 306, and then the pushing cylinder 307 is in threaded connection with the threaded hole 306 by rotating the handle 310, so that the purpose of limiting the fixing of the supporting devices 3 is achieved;
(5) the pedal plate 4 is overturned and accommodated in the cavity 103, the operations are repeated, a plurality of supporting device units 1 are linearly arranged on two sides of the roadway 5, and after the supporting device units 1 are arranged, a connecting rod 2 is finally inserted into the second through hole 201 on each position, so that the supporting mechanism is installed;
(6) combining the installation steps, the dismounting method of the supporting mechanism comprises the following steps in sequence: the dismantling of the connecting rod 2, the abutting of the support device 3 to the top of the roadway 5, the dismantling of the arc-shaped support 104 and the dismantling of the two side section steel supporting columns 101.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A supporting mechanism for underground weak engineering geological roadways is characterized by comprising a plurality of supporting device units and a connector for connecting the plurality of supporting device units in series to form a whole; the supporting device unit comprises a pair of profile steel supporting columns arranged in a mirror image mode and an arc-shaped support arranged above the profile steel supporting columns, each profile steel supporting column comprises a column body, a tenon arranged at the bottom end of the column body, a cavity arranged on the side portion of the middle section of the column body and a boss arranged at the top end of the column body, a groove is formed in each boss, and the direction of the groove is consistent with the direction of the roadway through;
the arc-shaped support comprises a first arc-shaped framework and a second arc-shaped framework, arc-shaped openings of the first arc-shaped framework and the second arc-shaped framework are both vertically downward, an outer ring at the top of the second arc-shaped framework is just matched and linked with an inner ring at the bottom of the first arc-shaped framework, the width of the first arc-shaped framework is larger than that of the second arc-shaped framework, and the second arc-shaped framework is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the first arc-shaped framework; the two ends of the first arc-shaped framework and the second arc-shaped framework are respectively provided with a section block, and the section blocks are matched with the section grooves in an inserted mode to realize the overlapping of the arc-shaped support and the section steel supporting columns;
a plurality of supporting devices are arranged along the radial direction of the arc-shaped support, each supporting device comprises a cylindrical straight push rod, an arc-shaped supporting plate and a T-shaped push rod, the arc-shaped supporting plate and the T-shaped push rod are respectively connected with two ends of the straight push rod, a containing cavity with the same shape as the supporting plate is arranged on the first arc-shaped framework and is used for containing the supporting plate, a first perforation and a threaded hole are penetrated in the second arc-shaped framework, the radius of the first perforation is smaller than that of the threaded hole, the first perforation and the threaded hole are arranged along the radial direction of the second arc-shaped framework, one end of the first perforation is communicated with the containing cavity, the other end of the first perforation is communicated with the threaded hole, the straight push rod is penetrated in the first perforation and penetrates in the threaded hole, the straight push rod comprises a push cylinder, a spring arranged in the push cylinder, a clamping ring arranged at the opening of the push cylinder, a handle connected with the tail end of the push cylinder and external threads arranged on the cylinder body of the push cylinder, the top end of the straight push rod is connected with the concave surface of the back of the supporting plate, the bottom end of the straight push rod is provided with a flange, the flange is positioned in the push cylinder, one end of the spring is abutted to the handle, the other end of the spring is abutted to the bottom of the flange, the flange is abutted to the snap ring mutually under the action force of the spring, the push cylinder can be driven to reach the threaded hole by pushing the handle, and the handle is rotated to realize threaded connection of external threads on the push cylinder and the threaded hole.
2. The supporting mechanism for the underground weak engineering geological roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that a rubber pad matched with the convex surface at the top of the supporting plate is arranged on the supporting plate.
3. The supporting mechanism for the underground weak engineering geological roadway according to claim 1, wherein a positioning pin is connected between the profile block and the boss.
4. The supporting mechanism for the underground weak engineering geological roadway according to claim 3, characterized in that when the block is of an I-shaped structure, the top of the upper plate body of the block is lapped with the top of the boss, the middle vertical plate and the lower plate body of the block are matched and inserted in the groove, the upper plate body, the boss and the lower plate body of the block are vertically provided with first positioning holes, the first positioning holes are internally provided with first positioning pins, and the first positioning pins are positioned at the front side position or/and the rear side position of the second arc-shaped framework.
5. The supporting mechanism for the underground weak engineering geological roadway according to claim 3, wherein when the profile block is of a half transverse N-shaped structure, the top of the upper plate body of the profile block is lapped with the top of the boss, the middle vertical plate and the lower plate body of the profile block are matched and inserted in the profiled groove, second positioning holes are vertically formed in the upper plate body of the profile block, the boss and the lower plate body of the profile block, second positioning pins are arranged in the second positioning holes, and the second positioning pins are located at the front side position or/and the rear side position of the second arc-shaped framework.
6. The supporting mechanism for the underground weak engineering geological roadway according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of second through holes are formed in the steel section supporting columns and the second arc-shaped framework, the connectors are preferably connecting rods, and the connecting rods are connected in the second through holes and used for connecting the supporting device units linearly arranged in the roadway in series.
7. The support mechanism for the underground weak engineering geological roadway as claimed in claim 6, wherein a pedal is arranged in the cavity of the section steel pillar, one end of the pedal is arranged on the column body in a turnover mode through a hinge shaft, a convex extending portion is arranged on the side portion of one end of the hinge shaft, a stop block is arranged on the column body on the side of the hinge shaft, the pedal can be turned over to enable the stop block to be in contact with the convex extending portion, and therefore the pedal is prevented from continuing to turn over, and horizontal fixing of the pedal is achieved.
8. The use method of the support mechanism for the underground weak engineering geological roadway according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) symmetrically chiseling mortises at two sides of the bottom of the roadway;
(2) respectively leaning against the pair of profile steel supporting columns on the side parts of two sides of the roadway, and inserting tenons at the bottoms of the profile steel supporting columns into the mortises in a matched mode;
(3) respectively inserting the arc-shaped support into the groove at the top end of the corresponding side section steel support through the section blocks at two ends of the bottom of the arc-shaped support, and after the arc-shaped support is erected, limiting and fixing the arc-shaped support by using a positioning pin;
(4) the pedal plate is turned over and opened, a dismounting worker operates the plurality of supporting devices above the pedal plate by means of the pedal plate to realize abutting support of the supporting devices on the roadway, specifically, the handle is pushed, the supporting plate is moved out of the accommodating cavity until the top of the supporting plate abuts against the top of the roadway, the pushing is continued until the pushing barrel reaches the threaded hole, and then the pushing barrel is in threaded connection with the threaded hole by rotating the handle to limit fixing of the supporting devices;
(5) the pedal plate is turned and accommodated into the cavity, the operations are repeated, a plurality of supporting device units are linearly arranged on two sides of the roadway, and after the supporting device units are arranged, a connecting rod is finally inserted into the second through hole in each position, so that the supporting mechanism is installed;
(6) by combining the installation steps, the dismounting method of the supporting mechanism comprises the following steps in sequence: the connecting rod is dismantled, the support device is removed to the butt at tunnel top, the arc support is dismantled and both sides shaped steel pillar's is dismantled.
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| CN114837709A (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2022-08-02 | 河南理工大学 | Supporting construction of soft coal seam tunnel section |
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| CN113700509B (en) | 2024-03-12 |
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