CN108561158B - Quick assembly type tunnel primary support structure and construction method - Google Patents
Quick assembly type tunnel primary support structure and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108561158B CN108561158B CN201810786380.4A CN201810786380A CN108561158B CN 108561158 B CN108561158 B CN 108561158B CN 201810786380 A CN201810786380 A CN 201810786380A CN 108561158 B CN108561158 B CN 108561158B
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/107—Reinforcing elements therefor; Holders for the reinforcing elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid assembled tunnel primary support structure and a construction method, and aims to provide a low-cost rapid assembled tunnel primary support structure and a construction method. The supporting structure comprises a plurality of lining steel frames which are arranged in a tunnel in parallel and are provided with grooves at two sides during installation, straight wall lining modules with two ends respectively embedded in the grooves of the two adjacent lining steel frames, curved wall lining modules which are arranged at the upper ends of the straight wall lining modules and with two ends respectively embedded in the grooves of the two adjacent lining steel frames, top blocks which are connected with the curved wall lining modules at two sides and with two ends respectively embedded in the grooves of the two adjacent lining steel frames, reinforcing steel bars nets arranged on the inner surfaces of the straight wall lining modules, the curved wall lining modules and the top blocks, and concrete layers sprayed and reinforced on the reinforcing steel bars nets; the lining steel frame comprises two symmetrical straight wall steel frames and curved wall steel frames, and two ends of each curved wall steel frame are fixedly connected with the upper ends of the straight wall steel frames respectively; the invention can effectively improve the construction efficiency of the primary support of the tunnel and further shorten the construction period.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering construction, in particular to a rapid assembled tunnel primary support structure and a construction method.
Background
In the tunnel construction process, after the tunnel body is excavated, the tunnel is easy to deform and collapse along with the release of surrounding rock stress, so that timely construction primary support is required to provide support, the construction safety is ensured, and a reasonable operation space is provided. When the new Otto method is adopted, the conventional tunnel primary support is usually used for sealing exposed surrounding rock or soil body by spraying concrete after a steel frame is erected. However, because the rebound quantity of the sprayed concrete is large, the strength of the concrete is slowly increased, and the strong supporting rigidity and strength cannot be timely provided, and the damage to human bodies in the construction process of the sprayed concrete is large, the initial supporting construction cost is high, the construction efficiency is low, and the construction environment is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of high construction cost, low construction speed, low initial strength of the support and poor construction environment of the primary support and the mixed construction of the tunnel in the prior art, and provides a rapid assembled primary support structure and a construction method of the primary support structure.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the quick assembled tunnel primary support structure comprises a plurality of lining steel frames which are arranged in a tunnel in parallel and are provided with grooves at two sides during installation, straight wall lining modules with two ends respectively embedded in the grooves of the two adjacent lining steel frames, curved wall lining modules which are arranged at the upper ends of the straight wall lining modules and with two ends respectively embedded in the grooves of the two adjacent lining steel frames, top blocks which are connected with the curved wall lining modules at two sides and with two ends respectively embedded in the grooves of the two adjacent lining steel frames, reinforcing steel meshes which are arranged on the inner surfaces of the straight wall lining modules, the curved wall lining modules and the top blocks, and concrete layers which are sprayed and reinforced on the meshes; the lining steel frame comprises two symmetrical straight wall steel frames and curved wall steel frames, and two ends of each curved wall steel frame are fixedly connected with the upper ends of the straight wall steel frames respectively;
the straight wall lining module comprises a plurality of strip-shaped straight wall lining building blocks; the straight wall lining blocks are functionally divided into straight wall lining standard blocks, straight wall lining system anchor rod blocks and straight wall lining foot locking anchor rod blocks;
the curved wall lining module comprises a plurality of curved wall lining blocks which are strip-shaped and have radians on the surfaces; the Qu Qiangchen building block is functionally divided into a standard curved wall lining block, a system anchor rod block of a curved wall lining and a foot locking anchor rod block of the curved wall lining;
the top block is strip-shaped, and the surface of the top block is provided with radian;
the upper sides of the straight wall lining building blocks and the curved wall lining building blocks are respectively provided with a clamping groove;
the lower side of the straight wall lining block, the lower side of the curved wall lining block and the two sides of the top block are provided with raised strips matched with the clamping grooves;
the system anchor rods are arranged on the anchor rod blocks of the straight wall lining system and the anchor rod blocks of the curved wall lining system through anchor steel plates; and the straight wall lining foot locking anchor rod blocks and the curved wall lining foot locking anchor rod blocks are provided with locking angle anchor rods through anchor steel plates.
Preferably, the ends of the straight wall steel frame and the curved wall steel frame are respectively provided with a steel frame joint and are connected through bolts.
Preferably, the straight wall lining module, the curved wall lining module and the top block are all made of steel fiber concrete, reinforced concrete or light concrete.
Preferably, the two ends of the straight wall lining block, the two ends of the curved wall lining block and the two ends of the top block are provided with step platforms which are embedded and matched with the grooves on the straight wall steel frame.
A construction method of a rapid assembly type tunnel primary support structure adopts the tunnel primary support structure; the construction method comprises the following steps:
the construction is carried out by adopting a step method, firstly, a straight side wall steel frame and a curved wall steel frame are erected, and the straight side wall steel frame and the curved wall steel frame are connected through a steel frame joint; assembling curved wall lining foot locking anchor blocks at two sides of the upper step, assembling curved wall lining standard blocks and top blocks at the arch part, and assembling straight wall lining foot locking anchor blocks at the arch parts at two sides of the tunnel; then installing a straight wall foot locking anchor rod on the straight wall lining foot locking anchor rod block, and then assembling the straight wall lining standard block and the straight wall lining system anchor rod block according to the design until the installation of the straight wall part is completed; when the geological condition is poor, the corresponding foot locking anchor rods and the corresponding system anchor rods are applied while the lining building blocks are assembled, the prefabricated lining blocks can be assembled, a reinforcing steel bar net is hung after the anchor rods are installed, and then thin-layer concrete is sprayed again; because prefabricated lining block both sides tip is according to steelframe profile design, prefabricated block and steelframe can closely laminate, cavity or super dig the part behind the steelframe, adopts the equal level concrete backfill to guarantee that pin-connected panel primary support structure atress is even.
The quick assembled tunnel primary support structure comprises a plurality of lining steel frames which are arranged in a tunnel in parallel and are provided with grooves at two sides during installation, straight wall lining modules with two ends respectively embedded in the grooves of the two adjacent lining steel frames, curved wall lining modules which are arranged at the upper ends of the straight wall lining modules and with two ends respectively embedded in the grooves of the two adjacent lining steel frames, top blocks which are connected with the curved wall lining modules at two sides and with two ends respectively embedded in the grooves of the two adjacent lining steel frames, reinforcing steel meshes which are arranged on the inner surfaces of the straight wall lining modules, the curved wall lining modules and the top blocks, and concrete layers which are sprayed and reinforced on the meshes; the lining steel frame comprises two symmetrical straight wall steel frames and curved wall steel frames, and two ends of each curved wall steel frame are fixedly connected with the upper ends of the straight wall steel frames respectively;
the straight wall lining module comprises a plurality of strip-shaped straight wall lining building blocks; the straight wall lining blocks are functionally divided into straight wall lining standard blocks, straight wall lining system anchor rod blocks and straight wall lining foot locking anchor rod blocks;
the curved wall lining module comprises a plurality of curved wall lining blocks which are strip-shaped and have radians on the surfaces; the Qu Qiangchen building blocks are functionally divided into standard curved wall lining blocks, anchor rod blocks of a curved wall lining system and joint blocks of a curved wall lining steel frame; the lower side of the bent wall lining steel frame joint block is a plane;
the top block is strip-shaped, and the surface of the top block is provided with radian;
the upper sides of the straight wall lining building blocks and the curved wall lining building blocks are respectively provided with a clamping groove;
the lower side of the straight wall lining block, the lower side of the curved wall lining block and the two sides of the top block are provided with raised strips matched with the clamping grooves;
the system anchor rods are arranged on the anchor rod blocks of the straight wall lining system and the anchor rod blocks of the curved wall lining system through anchor steel plates; and the straight wall lining foot locking anchor rod block is provided with an angle locking anchor rod through an anchor steel plate.
A construction method of a rapid assembly type tunnel primary support structure adopts the tunnel primary support structure; the construction method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of adopting a full-section method to excavate, firstly erecting a straight-wall steel frame and a curved-wall steel frame after the tunnel section is formed at one time, and connecting the straight-wall steel frame and the curved-wall steel frame through steel frame joints; assembling straight wall lining lock foot anchor rod blocks on arch foot parts at two sides of a tunnel after the lining steel frame is erected; then installing a straight wall foot locking anchor rod on the straight wall lining foot locking anchor rod block, and then assembling the straight wall lining standard block and the straight wall lining system anchor rod block according to the design until the installation of the straight wall part is completed; assembling curved wall lining steel frame joint blocks at curved wall parts of arch parts at two sides after the straight wall part is installed, assembling curved wall lining standard blocks and anchor rod blocks of a curved wall lining system to the arch crown on the curved wall lining steel frame joint blocks according to the design, and finally assembling a top block; when the geological condition is poor, the corresponding foot locking anchor rods and the corresponding system anchor rods are applied while the lining building blocks are assembled, the prefabricated lining blocks can be assembled, a reinforcing steel bar net is hung after the anchor rods are installed, and then thin-layer concrete is sprayed again; because prefabricated lining block both sides tip is according to steelframe profile design, prefabricated block and steelframe can closely laminate, cavity or super dig the part behind the steelframe, adopts the equal level concrete backfill to guarantee that pin-connected panel primary support structure atress is even.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, the prefabricated tunnel primary support structure is combined with the tunnel steel frame to assemble the prefabricated support structure according to the design requirement, so that a tunnel primary support system is formed, the aim of resisting soil pressure and maintaining tunnel stability is achieved, the prefabricated primary support structure can be assembled quickly after the tunnel steel frame is erected, the support can be provided quickly to resist the soil pressure, the construction speed is high, no coagulation rebound is generated in the construction process, the construction cost is lower than the spraying and mixing cost, the construction process has no dust pollution, and the construction environment is good.
2. The invention designs the assembly blocks according to factors such as the tunnel design contour, the steel frame thickness and the like, distinguishes the straight wall lining module and the curved wall lining module, has a certain height difference on the inner side and the outer side of the curved wall lining module, can completely fit the tunnel contour after being applied, and has high construction precision.
3. The two side ends of the lining block are designed according to the outline of the primary support steel frame, can be tightly attached to the primary support steel frame, and ensures tightness of the primary support lining of the tunnel.
4. The upper end and the lower end of the lining block are provided with the clamping grooves and the convex strips matched with the clamping grooves, so that the lining blocks connected up and down can be tightly connected, and meanwhile, when the surrounding rock pressure suddenly changes, the lining blocks are allowed to rotate at a certain angle without instability.
5. The system anchor rod lining block and the lock foot anchor rod lining block tunnel are respectively provided with an anchor steel plate at the inner side surface, and after the system anchor rod and the lock foot anchor rod are applied, the system anchor rod lining block and the lock foot anchor rod lining block tunnel can be firmly fixed with the lining block through welding or bolts.
6. According to the system anchor rod block and the lock foot anchor rod block, holes are prefabricated on the side surfaces of the system anchor rod block and the lock foot anchor rod block according to design requirements, the angle of the holes of the lock foot is consistent with the design, the angle of the holes of the system anchor rod block is perpendicular to the surface of the lining, and the accuracy of the angle in the anchor rod construction process is guaranteed.
7. The anchoring steel plate is integrated with the lining block through the anchoring steel bars, and has good stability.
8. The lining block can be made of light concrete or light concrete added with steel fibers, and is light in overall weight and convenient and quick to construct.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1: in the invention, a vertical wall lining standard block is shown in a perspective view;
fig. 2: front view of the straight wall lining standard block in the invention;
fig. 3: the top view of the straight wall lining standard block in the invention;
fig. 4: side view of the straight wall lining standard block in the invention;
fig. 5: the invention discloses a perspective view of an anchor rod block of a straight wall lining system;
fig. 6: the front view of the anchor rod block of the straight wall lining system is provided;
fig. 7: the top view of the anchor rod block of the straight wall lining system in the invention;
fig. 8: the side view of the anchor rod block of the straight wall lining system in the invention;
fig. 9: the invention relates to a perspective view of a straight wall lining foot locking anchor rod block;
fig. 10: the front view of the straight wall lining foot locking anchor rod block is provided;
fig. 11: the top view of the straight wall lining foot locking anchor rod block in the invention;
fig. 12: the side view of the straight wall lining foot locking anchor rod block in the invention;
fig. 13: in the invention, a standard block of the curved wall lining is shown in a perspective view;
fig. 14: front view of standard block of curved wall lining in the invention;
fig. 15: in the invention, a top view of a standard curved wall lining block is provided;
fig. 16: side view of standard block of curved wall lining in the invention;
fig. 17: in the invention, a perspective view of an anchor rod block of a curved wall lining system is provided;
fig. 18: the front view of the anchor rod block of the curved wall lining system is provided;
fig. 19: in the invention, a top view of an anchor rod block of a curved wall lining system is provided;
fig. 20: side view of anchor rod block of curved wall lining system in the invention;
fig. 21: in the invention, a curved wall is lined with a perspective view of a foot locking anchor rod block;
fig. 22: in the invention, a front view of a curved wall lining foot locking anchor rod block is provided;
fig. 23: in the invention, a curved wall lining is used for locking a top view of a foot anchor rod block;
fig. 24: in the invention, a side view of a curved wall lining foot locking anchor rod block is provided;
fig. 25: a perspective view of the top block of the present invention;
fig. 26: front view of top block in the present invention;
fig. 27: top view of top block of the present invention;
fig. 28: side view of the top block of the present invention;
fig. 29: in the invention, a curved wall lining steel frame joint block is shown in a perspective view;
fig. 30: in the invention, a front view of a bent wall lining steel frame joint block is provided;
fig. 31: in the invention, a top view of the bent wall lining steel frame joint block is provided;
fig. 32: side view of the bent wall lining steel frame joint block in the invention;
fig. 33: a perspective view of an anchor steel plate in the present invention;
fig. 34: the invention discloses a three-dimensional view assembled by straight side walls;
fig. 35: in the invention, the curved side wall is assembled in a perspective view;
fig. 36: the top block is assembled in a perspective view;
fig. 37: the invention is a three-dimensional view assembled integrally;
fig. 38: the invention is a front view of the whole assembly;
fig. 39: the invention is a top view of the whole assembly;
fig. 40: the invention is a side view of the whole assembly.
The reference numerals in the figures are: 1-a standard block for lining a straight wall; 2-a vertical wall lining system anchor rod block; 3-lining the lock foot anchor rod block on the straight wall; 4-standard blocks of curved wall lining; 5-a bent wall lining system anchor rod block; 6, lining the lock foot anchor rod blocks on the curved wall; 7-top block; 8-a clamping groove; 9-convex strips; 10-anchoring the steel plate; 11-an anchor rod hole; 12-system anchor rod; 13, locking the foot anchor rod; 14-anchoring the steel bars; 15-a straight wall steel frame; 16-a steel frame joint; 17-curved wall steel frame; 18-a reinforcing mesh; 19—a concrete layer; 20-bending wall lining steel frame joint blocks; 21-step.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. In the following description, for clarity of presentation of the structure and operation of the present invention, description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings by means of various directional words, but words such as "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper", "lower" and the like should be interpreted as words of convenience and not as limiting words.
Example 1
The quick assembled tunnel primary support structure comprises a plurality of lining steel frames which are arranged in a tunnel in parallel and are provided with grooves at two sides during installation, straight wall lining modules with two ends respectively embedded in the grooves of the two adjacent lining steel frames, curved wall lining modules which are arranged at the upper ends of the straight wall lining modules and with two ends respectively embedded in the grooves of the two adjacent lining steel frames, top blocks which are connected with the curved wall lining modules at two sides and with two ends respectively embedded in the grooves of the two adjacent lining steel frames, reinforcing steel meshes which are arranged on the inner surfaces of the straight wall lining modules, the curved wall lining modules and the top blocks, and concrete layers which are sprayed and reinforced on the meshes; the lining steel frame comprises two symmetrical straight wall steel frames and curved wall steel frames, and two ends of each curved wall steel frame are fixedly connected with the upper ends of the straight wall steel frames respectively;
the straight wall lining module comprises a plurality of strip-shaped straight wall lining building blocks; the straight wall lining blocks are functionally divided into straight wall lining standard blocks, straight wall lining system anchor rod blocks and straight wall lining foot locking anchor rod blocks;
the curved wall lining module comprises a plurality of curved wall lining blocks which are strip-shaped and have radians on the surfaces; the Qu Qiangchen building block is functionally divided into a standard curved wall lining block, a system anchor rod block of a curved wall lining and a foot locking anchor rod block of the curved wall lining;
the top block is strip-shaped, and the surface of the top block is provided with radian;
the upper sides of the straight wall lining building blocks and the curved wall lining building blocks are respectively provided with a clamping groove;
the lower side of the straight wall lining block, the lower side of the curved wall lining block and the two sides of the top block are provided with raised strips matched with the clamping grooves;
the system anchor rods are arranged on the anchor rod blocks of the straight wall lining system and the anchor rod blocks of the curved wall lining system through anchor steel plates; and the straight wall lining foot locking anchor rod blocks and the curved wall lining foot locking anchor rod blocks are provided with locking angle anchor rods through anchor steel plates.
Specifically, the ends of the straight wall steel frame and the curved wall steel frame are respectively provided with a steel frame joint and are connected through bolts.
Specifically, when the geological conditions are poor, the straight wall lining module, the curved wall lining module and the top block can be made of steel fiber concrete or reinforced concrete. When the geological conditions are good, the straight wall lining module, the curved wall lining module and the top block can be made of light concrete.
As the preferable technical scheme, both ends of the straight wall lining block, both ends of the curved wall lining block and both ends of the top block are provided with the ladder tables which are embedded and matched with the grooves on the straight wall steel frame, the sizes of the end heads of both ends of the lining block are matched with the outline of the steel frame, and the lining block can be closely attached to the steel frame, so that the tightness of lining is ensured.
Specifically, the cross section of the clamping groove can be in an arc shape, a rectangular shape or a wedge shape and other applicable shapes. Annular anchoring steel bars are symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the anchoring steel plate, so that the anchoring plate and the concrete block are firmly connected to provide tensile resistance and shearing resistance.
The construction method of this embodiment includes the following:
the construction is carried out by adopting a step method, firstly, a straight side wall steel frame and a curved wall steel frame are erected, and the straight side wall steel frame and the curved wall steel frame are connected through a steel frame joint; assembling curved wall lining foot locking anchor blocks at two sides of the upper step, assembling curved wall lining standard blocks and top blocks at the arch part, and assembling straight wall lining foot locking anchor blocks at the arch parts at two sides of the tunnel; then installing a straight wall foot locking anchor rod on the straight wall lining foot locking anchor rod block, and then assembling the straight wall lining standard block and the straight wall lining system anchor rod block according to the design until the installation of the straight wall part is completed; when the geological condition is poor, the corresponding foot locking anchor rods and the corresponding system anchor rods are applied while the lining building blocks are assembled, the prefabricated lining blocks can be assembled, a reinforcing steel bar net is hung after the anchor rods are installed, and then thin-layer concrete is sprayed again; because prefabricated lining block both sides tip is according to steelframe profile design, prefabricated block and steelframe can closely laminate, cavity or super dig the part behind the steelframe, adopts the equal level concrete backfill to guarantee that pin-connected panel primary support structure atress is even.
Example 2
The quick assembled tunnel primary support structure comprises a plurality of lining steel frames which are arranged in a tunnel in parallel and are provided with grooves at two sides during installation, straight wall lining modules with two ends respectively embedded in the grooves of the two adjacent lining steel frames, curved wall lining modules which are arranged at the upper ends of the straight wall lining modules and with two ends respectively embedded in the grooves of the two adjacent lining steel frames, top blocks which are connected with the curved wall lining modules at two sides and with two ends respectively embedded in the grooves of the two adjacent lining steel frames, reinforcing steel meshes which are arranged on the inner surfaces of the straight wall lining modules, the curved wall lining modules and the top blocks, and concrete layers which are sprayed and reinforced on the meshes; the lining steel frame comprises two symmetrical straight wall steel frames and curved wall steel frames, and two ends of each curved wall steel frame are fixedly connected with the upper ends of the straight wall steel frames respectively;
the straight wall lining module comprises a plurality of strip-shaped straight wall lining building blocks; the straight wall lining blocks are functionally divided into straight wall lining standard blocks, straight wall lining system anchor rod blocks and straight wall lining foot locking anchor rod blocks;
the curved wall lining module comprises a plurality of curved wall lining blocks which are strip-shaped and have radians on the surfaces; the Qu Qiangchen building blocks are functionally divided into standard curved wall lining blocks, anchor rod blocks of a curved wall lining system and joint blocks of a curved wall lining steel frame; the lower side of the bent wall lining steel frame joint block is a plane;
the top block is strip-shaped, and the surface of the top block is provided with radian;
the upper sides of the straight wall lining building blocks and the curved wall lining building blocks are respectively provided with a clamping groove;
the lower side of the straight wall lining block, the lower side of the curved wall lining block and the two sides of the top block are provided with raised strips matched with the clamping grooves;
the system anchor rods are arranged on the anchor rod blocks of the straight wall lining system and the anchor rod blocks of the curved wall lining system through anchor steel plates; and the straight wall lining foot locking anchor rod block is provided with an angle locking anchor rod through an anchor steel plate.
The construction method of embodiment 2 includes the following:
the method comprises the steps of adopting a full-section method to excavate, firstly erecting a straight-wall steel frame and a curved-wall steel frame after the tunnel section is formed at one time, and connecting the straight-wall steel frame and the curved-wall steel frame through steel frame joints; assembling straight wall lining lock foot anchor rod blocks on arch foot parts at two sides of a tunnel after the lining steel frame is erected; then installing a straight wall foot locking anchor rod on the straight wall lining foot locking anchor rod block, and then assembling the straight wall lining standard block and the straight wall lining system anchor rod block according to the design until the installation of the straight wall part is completed; assembling curved wall lining steel frame joint blocks at curved wall parts of arch parts at two sides after the straight wall part is installed, assembling curved wall lining standard blocks and anchor rod blocks of a curved wall lining system to the arch crown on the curved wall lining steel frame joint blocks according to the design, and finally assembling a top block; when the geological condition is poor, the corresponding foot locking anchor rods and the corresponding system anchor rods are applied while the lining building blocks are assembled, the prefabricated lining blocks can be assembled, a reinforcing steel bar net is hung after the anchor rods are installed, and then thin-layer concrete is sprayed again; because prefabricated lining block both sides tip is according to steelframe profile design, prefabricated block and steelframe can closely laminate, cavity or super dig the part behind the steelframe, adopts the equal level concrete backfill to guarantee that pin-connected panel primary support structure atress is even.
After the tunnel is excavated, firstly, erecting steel frames according to a certain distance, after the erection of a steel frame is completed, starting to construct a tunnel primary support structure, firstly, constructing a curved side wall foot locking anchor rod block or a straight side wall foot locking anchor rod block according to the excavation step, then assembling system anchor rod blocks or standard blocks layer by layer upwards, constructing two sides of the tunnel symmetrically, finally constructing a top block, forming a primary support system after installing the foot locking anchor rods and the system anchor rods, constructing the next steel frame support to gradually advance until the tunnel is excavated after the construction of the steel frame is completed. When the geological condition is worse, the foot locking anchor rod and the system anchor rod can be installed at the same time when the lining building blocks are installed, after the construction of one truss support is finished, a reinforcing steel bar net is added on the primary support structure, and thin-layer concrete is sprayed, so that the integral strength of the primary support structure is improved.
The prefabricated lining building blocks can be assembled to form the tunnel primary support structure with sufficient rigidity and strength, the amount of sprayed concrete is reduced in the construction process, engineering materials are saved, the quality is guaranteed, the construction cost is low, no dust hazard exists in the construction process, and the construction environment in the tunnel can be greatly improved. After construction is completed, tunnel deformation monitoring is carried out according to related specification requirements, so that safety is ensured.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a quick assembled tunnel preliminary bracing structure which characterized in that: the lining structure comprises a plurality of lining steel frames which are arranged in a tunnel in parallel and are provided with grooves at two sides during installation, two ends of each lining steel frame are respectively embedded into straight wall lining modules arranged on the grooves of two adjacent lining steel frames, a curved wall lining module which is arranged at the upper end of each straight wall lining module and is respectively embedded into the grooves of two adjacent lining steel frames at two ends, a top block which is connected with the curved wall lining modules at two sides and is respectively embedded into the grooves of two adjacent lining steel frames at two ends, a reinforcing steel bar net which is arranged on the inner surfaces of each straight wall lining module, the corresponding curved wall lining module and the corresponding top block, and a concrete layer which is sprayed and arranged on the reinforcing steel bar net; the lining steel frame comprises two symmetrical straight wall steel frames and curved wall steel frames, and two ends of each curved wall steel frame are fixedly connected with the upper ends of the straight wall steel frames respectively; the straight wall lining module comprises a plurality of strip-shaped straight wall lining building blocks; the straight wall lining blocks are functionally divided into straight wall lining standard blocks, straight wall lining system anchor rod blocks and straight wall lining foot locking anchor rod blocks; the curved wall lining module comprises a plurality of curved wall lining blocks which are strip-shaped and have radians on the surfaces; the Qu Qiangchen building block is functionally divided into a standard curved wall lining block, a system anchor rod block of a curved wall lining and a foot locking anchor rod block of the curved wall lining; the top block is strip-shaped, and the surface of the top block is provided with radian; the upper sides of the straight wall lining building blocks and the curved wall lining building blocks are respectively provided with a clamping groove; the lower side of the straight wall lining block, the lower side of the curved wall lining block and the two sides of the top block are provided with raised strips matched with the clamping grooves; the system anchor rods are arranged on the anchor rod blocks of the straight wall lining system and the anchor rod blocks of the curved wall lining system through anchor steel plates; the straight wall lining foot locking anchor rod blocks and the curved wall lining foot locking anchor rod blocks are provided with locking angle anchor rods through anchor steel plates;
the construction method comprises the following steps: the construction is carried out by adopting a step method, firstly, a straight side wall steel frame and a curved wall steel frame are erected, and the straight side wall steel frame and the curved wall steel frame are connected through a steel frame joint; assembling curved wall lining foot locking anchor blocks at two sides of the upper step, assembling curved wall lining standard blocks and top blocks at the arch part, and assembling straight wall lining foot locking anchor blocks at the arch parts at two sides of the tunnel; then installing a straight wall foot locking anchor rod on the straight wall lining foot locking anchor rod block, and then assembling the straight wall lining standard block and the straight wall lining system anchor rod block according to the design until the installation of the straight wall part is completed; when the geological condition is poor, the corresponding foot locking anchor rods and the corresponding system anchor rods are applied while the lining building blocks are assembled, the prefabricated lining blocks can be assembled, a reinforcing steel bar net is hung after the anchor rods are installed, and then thin-layer concrete is sprayed again; because prefabricated lining block both sides tip is according to steelframe profile design, prefabricated block and steelframe can closely laminate, cavity or super dig the part behind the steelframe, adopts the equal level concrete backfill to guarantee that pin-connected panel primary support structure atress is even.
2. The rapid-assembly type tunnel primary support structure according to claim 1, wherein: the ends of the straight wall steel frame and the curved wall steel frame are respectively provided with a steel frame joint and are connected through bolts.
3. The rapid-assembly type tunnel primary support structure according to claim 1, wherein: the straight wall lining module, the curved wall lining module and the top block are all made of steel fiber concrete, reinforced concrete or light concrete.
4. The rapid-assembly type tunnel primary support structure according to claim 1, wherein: the two ends of the straight wall lining block, the two ends of the curved wall lining block and the two ends of the top block are respectively provided with a step table which is embedded and matched with the groove on the straight wall steel frame.
5. The utility model provides a quick assembled tunnel preliminary bracing structure which characterized in that: the lining structure comprises a plurality of lining steel frames which are arranged in a tunnel in parallel and are provided with grooves at two sides during installation, two ends of each lining steel frame are respectively embedded into straight wall lining modules arranged on the grooves of two adjacent lining steel frames, a curved wall lining module which is arranged at the upper end of each straight wall lining module and is respectively embedded into the grooves of two adjacent lining steel frames at two ends, a top block which is connected with the curved wall lining modules at two sides and is respectively embedded into the grooves of two adjacent lining steel frames at two ends, a reinforcing steel bar net which is arranged on the inner surfaces of each straight wall lining module, the corresponding curved wall lining module and the corresponding top block, and a concrete layer which is sprayed and arranged on the reinforcing steel bar net; the lining steel frame comprises two symmetrical straight wall steel frames and curved wall steel frames, and two ends of each curved wall steel frame are fixedly connected with the upper ends of the straight wall steel frames respectively; the straight wall lining module comprises a plurality of strip-shaped straight wall lining building blocks; the straight wall lining blocks are functionally divided into straight wall lining standard blocks, straight wall lining system anchor rod blocks and straight wall lining foot locking anchor rod blocks; the curved wall lining module comprises a plurality of curved wall lining blocks which are strip-shaped and have radians on the surfaces; the Qu Qiangchen building blocks are functionally divided into standard curved wall lining blocks, anchor rod blocks of a curved wall lining system and joint blocks of a curved wall lining steel frame; the lower side of the bent wall lining steel frame joint block is a plane; the top block is strip-shaped, and the surface of the top block is provided with radian; the upper sides of the straight wall lining building blocks and the curved wall lining building blocks are respectively provided with a clamping groove; the lower side of the straight wall lining block, the lower side of the curved wall lining block and the two sides of the top block are provided with raised strips matched with the clamping grooves; the system anchor rods are arranged on the anchor rod blocks of the straight wall lining system and the anchor rod blocks of the curved wall lining system through anchor steel plates; the straight wall lining foot locking anchor rod block is provided with an angle locking anchor rod through an anchor steel plate;
the construction method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of adopting a full-section method to excavate, firstly erecting a straight-wall steel frame and a curved-wall steel frame after the tunnel section is formed at one time, and connecting the straight-wall steel frame and the curved-wall steel frame through steel frame joints; assembling straight wall lining lock foot anchor rod blocks on arch foot parts at two sides of a tunnel after the lining steel frame is erected; then installing a straight wall foot locking anchor rod on the straight wall lining foot locking anchor rod block, and then assembling the straight wall lining standard block and the straight wall lining system anchor rod block according to the design until the installation of the straight wall part is completed; assembling curved wall lining steel frame joint blocks at curved wall parts of arch parts at two sides after the straight wall part is installed, assembling curved wall lining standard blocks and anchor rod blocks of a curved wall lining system to the arch crown on the curved wall lining steel frame joint blocks according to the design, and finally assembling a top block; when the geological condition is poor, the corresponding foot locking anchor rods and the corresponding system anchor rods are applied while the lining building blocks are assembled, the prefabricated lining blocks can be assembled, a reinforcing steel bar net is hung after the anchor rods are installed, and then thin-layer concrete is sprayed again; because prefabricated lining block both sides tip is according to steelframe profile design, prefabricated block and steelframe can closely laminate, cavity or super dig the part behind the steelframe, adopts the equal level concrete backfill to guarantee that pin-connected panel primary support structure atress is even.
6. The rapid-assembly type tunnel primary support structure according to claim 5, wherein: the ends of the straight wall steel frame and the curved wall steel frame are respectively provided with a steel frame joint and are connected through bolts.
7. The rapid-assembly type tunnel primary support structure according to claim 5, wherein: the straight wall lining module, the curved wall lining module and the top block are all made of steel fiber concrete, reinforced concrete or light concrete.
8. The rapid-assembly type tunnel primary support structure according to claim 5, wherein: the two ends of the straight wall lining block, the two ends of the curved wall lining block and the two ends of the top block are respectively provided with a step table which is embedded and matched with the groove on the straight wall steel frame.
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| CN109736840B (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2020-08-25 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | New tunnel secondary lining construction method |
| CN109723472A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-05-07 | 贵州大学 | A kind of roadway support structure and construction method using U-shaped frame Mixed support |
| CN110469349B (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2021-06-29 | 北京交通大学 | Tunnel construction method based on assembled supporting structure |
| CN110792068B (en) * | 2019-11-09 | 2024-01-30 | 黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司 | Assembled steel bar segment for quick lining of horseshoe tunnel and assembling method |
| CN114017063B (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2023-12-22 | 浙江中天建筑产业化有限公司 | Tunnel primary lining cement prefabricated member structure and construction method thereof |
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