CN113700460B - Method for reducing invalid water circulation of oil well and adjusting injection allocation amount of water injection well - Google Patents

Method for reducing invalid water circulation of oil well and adjusting injection allocation amount of water injection well Download PDF

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CN113700460B
CN113700460B CN202111157069.1A CN202111157069A CN113700460B CN 113700460 B CN113700460 B CN 113700460B CN 202111157069 A CN202111157069 A CN 202111157069A CN 113700460 B CN113700460 B CN 113700460B
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well
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oil well
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water
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CN113700460A (en
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孙健
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Xi'an Jianshang Intelligent Technology Co ltd
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/20Displacing by water
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/12Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
    • E21B43/121Lifting well fluids
    • E21B43/126Adaptations of down-hole pump systems powered by drives outside the borehole, e.g. by a rotary or oscillating drive
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/008Monitoring of down-hole pump systems, e.g. for the detection of "pumped-off" conditions
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B49/00Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
    • E21B49/08Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells
    • E21B49/086Withdrawing samples at the surface

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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Abstract

The method provided by the invention adopts a data acquisition control unit of the oil pumping unit, a component detector of oil well produced substances and an intelligent control unit; firstly, calculating the liquid yield in unit working time when the working system of the oil well is started and stopped at fixed time intervals, simultaneously obtaining the oil-water well ratio of the block from an oil field operation area, then calculating the liquid yield Wy in unit working time under the working system of automatically judging, stopping lifting and starting the well after fixed time intervals, and finally calculating the ineffective water circulation coefficient Kz for reducing the produced water and the daily water injection Qz' newly averaged to the oil well; finally, the lifting of the water is reduced due to the maximum oil production amount in the lifting process, so that the invalid circulation of the injected water in the oilfield flooding development is reduced, the workload of the oilfield water system for lifting, conveying, purifying and discharging the produced water is saved, and the damage degree to the ecological environment is reduced.

Description

Method for reducing invalid water circulation of oil well and adjusting injection allocation amount of water injection well
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent oil extraction and water injection of oil wells, and relates to a method for reducing ineffective water circulation of oil well injection and production and reducing injection allocation amount of a water injection well according to corresponding proportion by the reduction amount of water lifted by an oil well.
Background
Along with the continuous development and the production of oil field, formation pressure and oil well liquid production volume reduce gradually, in order to guarantee that formation pressure is stable to the formation energy supplementation, usually adopt to the oil field stratum water injection mode energy supplementation, can lead to the moisture content of oil well output liquid to rise very fast like this, and above-mentioned in-process water cycle is simultaneously: the water is injected into the stratum, namely oil well lifting produced liquid, gathering and transportation, purifying and filtering, and then injected into the stratum, so that the water recycling treatment not only causes great increase of the production cost of the oil field (such as increase of water treatment equipment loss, operation and maintenance cost, artificial power consumption and the like), but also increases the difficulty of oil field environment treatment.
The determination and research of the injection allocation amount of the water injection well is generally a relatively complex algorithm, and a well group dynamic analysis data table in a block needs to be collected and collated to draw a well group injection and production curve. The single well involved in the middle has more basic data, such as parameters of water absorption index, maximum bottom hole pressure of the water injection well, formation pressure, reservoir thickness of an oil reservoir, theoretical minimum perforation thickness and the like, and a multiple regression model is established to determine the single well injection amount of the water injection well. The method has long analysis period, and the algorithm for determining the water injection amount is complex and difficult to realize because of more intermediate variables. Final effect analysis is not obvious in fuzzy, and direct linear relation proportion adjustment is not obvious.
In order to reduce ineffective water circulation of produced liquid of an oil well, the technology adopted by foreign North American oil fields is that an underground oil-water separator is adopted, a hydraulic cyclone separator is additionally arranged underground, oil-water separation is completed at the bottom of the well, the separated oil with low water content is lifted to the ground through an oil-well pump, and the separated water is directly reinjected to the stratum at the bottom of the well. Although the technology is feasible, the investment cost is extremely high, the cost of the underground oil-water separator is about $ 10 to more than ten thousand dollars per 14 ten thousand dollars, and the investment of each well is about $ 24 thousand dollars; because the underground oil-water separator is difficult to maintain underground, the method is only suitable for high-yield key wells to try in a small range.
Although an oil well generally adopts an oil well intermittent production mode at present, the oil well reduces the lifting liquid amount by reducing the well opening time, and reduces the energy consumption of the oil pumping unit; the working system of starting and stopping the oil well at fixed time intervals is mainly adopted, and although the energy consumption of the oil pumping unit is reduced to a certain extent, the reduction of the injection amount of the water injection well is not substantially related.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a method for reducing invalid water circulation of an oil well and adjusting injection allocation quantity of a water injection well, which adopts a data acquisition control unit of a pumping unit, a component detector of produced substances of the oil well and an intelligent control unit; the pumping unit data acquisition control unit mainly comprises a displacement sensor and a load sensor, acquires a pumping unit pump work diagram in real time, and inputs the pumping unit pump work diagram into the intelligent control unit to calculate the liquid amount of the oil well produced liquid in real time; the oil well produced liquid component detection is installed on an oil pipeline of an oil well head, the composition parameters of an oil gas-water three-phase mixture in the pipeline are monitored in real time on line, and whether the lifting of a pure oil section of the oil well produced liquid is completed or not is detected; the intelligent control unit comprises a communication module, a microprocessor and embedded intelligent algorithm analysis software thereof, the indicator diagram data acquired by the pumping unit data acquisition control unit is used for calculating the liquid amount of the produced liquid of the oil well in real time through the embedded intelligent algorithm analysis software in the microprocessing, and meanwhile, the microprocessor is used for detecting whether the pure oil section of the produced liquid of the oil well is lifted or not by utilizing the produced liquid component detector of the oil well, so that the working system that the pumping unit automatically stops lifting and stops the well for a fixed time and then starts the well is realized, or the working system that the pumping unit starts and stops the oil well at fixed time intervals is realized through the microprocessing; the method for adjusting the injection allocation amount of the water injection well comprises the following steps:
Step 1: extracting the daily water injection quantity Qz from the original average to the oil well under the working system of starting and stopping the oil well at fixed time intervals;
step 2: calculating the liquid yield Qy in unit time under the working system of starting and stopping the oil well at fixed time intervals:
Qy=Qy1+Qy2+Qy3+Qy4+......+Qyn
wherein QyiThe liquid production amount of the oil well in each well opening process under the working system of opening and closing the oil well at fixed time intervals;
step 3: under the working system of automatically judging to stop lifting and opening the well after stopping the well for a fixed time, the liquid production amount Wy in unit time is as follows:
Wy=Wy1+Wy2+Wy3+Wy4+Wy5+Wy6+Wy7+Wy8+......+Wyn
wherein WyiUnder the working system of automatically judging to stop lifting and then opening the well after stopping the well for a fixed time, the liquid production amount of the oil well in each well opening process is determined;
and 4, step 4: calculating the coefficient Kz of reducing the ineffective water circulation of the produced water:
Kz=Wy/Qy
and 5: calculating the new average daily water injection quantity Qz' to the oil well under the working system of automatically judging, stopping lifting and stopping the well for a fixed time and then opening the well:
Qz'=Qz×Kz
wherein Qz is the daily water injection amount from the original average to the oil well under the working system of starting and stopping the oil well at fixed time intervals.
The new average daily injection amount Qz' to the oil well is increased by a correction coefficient Kt which is larger than 1 and becomes larger with the production time, and the maximum value of Kt does not exceed Qy/Wy.
The correction coefficient Kt is 1.2.
The working system of the oil well which is started and stopped at the fixed time interval is that the oil well is stopped for a fixed time and then started for a fixed time; then stopping the well for a fixed time, and repeating the steps in a circulating way; the working system for automatically judging whether to stop lifting again and to start the well after stopping the well for a fixed time is that when the microprocessor uses the oil well produced substance component detector to detect that the lifting of the pure oil section of the oil well produced liquid is finished, the pumping unit automatically stops lifting, and when the microprocessor detects that the lifting of the pure oil section of the oil well produced liquid is finished, the pumping unit automatically stops lifting and then automatically stops lifting, and the steps are repeated in such a circulating way.
The fixed time of the well shut-in is 6 hours or 8 hours or 10 hours; the fixed time for opening the well is 6 hours or 8 hours or 10 hours.
The unit time is 24 hours, 48 hours or 72 hours.
The method provided by the invention adopts the oil pumping unit data acquisition control unit, the oil well produced substance component detector and the intelligent control unit, reduces the oil well working system of the ineffective water circulation of oil well injection and production on the premise of not influencing the oil production of the oil well, and naturally stratifies layers along with time under the self gravity action of the oil-gas-water mixed liquid in a shaft when the oil well is stopped to form three layers of a pure oil layer at the uppermost layer, a middle emulsion layer and a conventional produced liquid layer; firstly, calculating the liquid production amount Qy in unit working time when a working system of an oil well is started and stopped at fixed time intervals, simultaneously obtaining the proportion of an oil-water well in the block from an oil field operation area, then calculating the liquid production amount (pure oil is equivalent to the oil production amount) Wy in unit time under the working system of automatically judging and stopping the lifting and stopping the well for fixed time, and finally calculating the circulation coefficient Kz of ineffective water for reducing the produced water and the daily water injection amount Qz' newly averaged to the oil well; finally, the lifting of the water is reduced due to the maximum oil production amount in the lifting process, so that the invalid circulation of the injected water in the oilfield flooding development is reduced, the workload of the oilfield water system for lifting, conveying, purifying and discharging the produced water is saved, and the damage degree to the ecological environment is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction of an oil well site provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the intelligent control unit shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a graph of fluid production during each time of opening and closing the well, measured by a power diagram method under a working system of opening and closing the well at fixed time intervals;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the amount of liquid produced (pure oil is equivalent to the amount of oil produced) in each well opening and closing time measured by a power diagram method under a working system of automatically judging and stopping lifting and then opening the well for a fixed time.
Detailed Description
The conception, specific structure and resulting technical effects of the present invention will be further described in the following detailed description of the embodiments, which is taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so as to fully understand the objects, features and effects of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, which is a schematic structural diagram of an oil well metering device of the present invention, the device mainly includes a well site power supply, a load sensor 3, a displacement sensor 2, an RTU cabinet 1 installed on an oil well platform and containing an intelligent control unit, an oil well produced material component detector 4, an oil well casing 5, an oil pipe 11 and an oil well pump 10; the load sensor 3 is arranged on a wellhead rope hanger, the displacement sensor 2 is arranged at the position of a beam of the oil pumping unit corresponding to the bracket, the oil well produced substance component detector 4 is arranged on an oil pipeline of an oil well wellhead, and the oil well pump 10 is arranged at the lower port of an oil pipe 11; the normal produced liquid layer 8, the emulsion layer 7 and the pure oil 6 are formed by the oil-water mixed liquid naturally layering along with time in the shaft under the action of self gravity during the well stopping (namely, the lifting stopping); the underground port of the oil well is a stratum oil deposit 9; a dynamic level gauge 12 is mounted on the well casing 5.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the intelligent control unit, wherein:
1) the oil pumping machine data acquisition control unit: the device mainly comprises a displacement sensor 2 and a load sensor 3, and is used for acquiring a pump work diagram of the oil pumping machine in real time as shown in figure 1 and inputting the pump work diagram into an intelligent control unit to calculate the liquid amount of the produced liquid of the oil well in real time.
2) Oil well produced material component detector 4: as shown in figure 1, the device is installed on an oil pipeline of an oil well head, and is used for monitoring composition parameters of an oil-gas-water three-phase mixture in the pipeline in real time on line so as to detect whether the lifting of a pure oil section of oil well produced liquid is completed.
3) The intelligent control unit: as shown in fig. 1, the RTU is installed in an RTU cabinet 1 and comprises a communication module, a microprocessor and embedded intelligent algorithm analysis software thereof; the indicator diagram data acquired by the oil pumping unit data acquisition control unit is used for calculating the liquid amount of the produced liquid of the oil well in real time through embedded intelligent algorithm analysis software in micro-processing, meanwhile, an oil well produced substance component detector is used for detecting whether the pure oil section of the produced liquid of the oil well is lifted, and the micro-processor is used for controlling the starting and stopping of the oil pumping unit; and uploading the real-time data to an oil field monitoring center cloud platform through a communication module in a WIFI, 4G, 5G and other modes, and performing data storage analysis.
As shown in fig. 3, it is a graph of the liquid production amount measured by the indicator diagram method in each open/close time of the oil well based on the working system of the open/close oil well at fixed time intervals, and the working system (existing working system) of the open/close oil well at fixed time intervals is:
stopping the well for a fixed time (such as 6 hours, 8 hours, 10 hours and the like), and then opening the well for a fixed time (such as 6 hours, 8 hours, 10 hours and the like); after stopping the well for a fixed time (e.g., 6 hours, 8 hours, 10 hours, etc.), …, the process is repeated.
Fig. 4 is a graph of the liquid production (pure oil is equivalent to the oil production) of each well opening and closing time measured by a power diagram method under the working system of the oil well automatically judging that the lifting is stopped again and the well is closed for a fixed time, and the working system of the oil well automatically judging that the well is closed again after the lifting is stopped again and the well is closed for a fixed time is as follows:
stopping the well for a fixed time (such as 6 hours, 8 hours, 10 hours and the like), then starting the well (namely lifting), stopping the well for a fixed time (such as 6 hours, 8 hours, 10 hours and the like) when the oil well produced substance component detector detects that the pure oil section of the oil well produced liquid is lifted, then starting the well again, detecting that the pure oil section of the oil well produced liquid is lifted by the oil well produced substance component detector (the oil well produced substance component detector is used for detecting that the pure oil section of the oil well produced liquid is lifted or not), controlling the well to stop for a fixed time (such as 6 hours, 8 hours, 10 hours and the like) by the intelligent microprocessor, then starting the well …, and repeating the steps in a circulating manner.
The method for reducing the ineffective water circulation of the oil well and adjusting the injection allocation quantity of the water injection well comprises the following steps:
step 1: extracting the daily water injection quantity Qz from the original average to the oil well under the working system of starting and stopping the oil well at fixed time intervals;
and 2, step: calculating the liquid production Qy in a unit time (such as 24 hours, 48 hours and the like) under the working system of starting and stopping the oil well at fixed time intervals:
Qy=Qy1+Qy2+Qy3+Qy4+......+Qyn
wherein QyiThe method is characterized in that the liquid production amount of the oil well in each well opening process under the working system of opening and closing the oil well at fixed time intervals is determined.
And step 3: under the working system of automatically judging to stop lifting and then opening the well after stopping the well for a fixed time, the liquid production amount (pure oil is equivalent to oil production amount) Wy in unit time (such as 24 hours, 48 hours and the like) is as follows:
Wy=Wy1+Wy2+Wy3+Wy4+Wy5+Wy6+Wy7+Wy8+......+Wyn
wherein WyiUnder the working system of automatically judging that the lifting is stopped again and the well is opened again after the well is stopped for a fixed time, the liquid production amount of the oil well (pure oil is equivalent to the oil production amount) in each well opening process is determined.
And step 3: calculating the coefficient Kz of reducing the ineffective water circulation of the produced water:
Kz=Wy/Qy
and 4, step 4: calculating the new average daily water injection quantity Qz' to the oil well under the working system of automatically judging, stopping lifting and stopping the well for a fixed time and then opening the well:
Qz'=Qz×Kz
wherein Qz is the daily water injection rate from the original average to the oil well under the working system of starting and stopping the oil well at fixed time intervals.
Considering that it is not easy to adjust the daily water injection Qz 'of the new average to the well too low during the start of a new working regime in order to maintain a certain formation pressure, a correction factor Kt greater than 1, which increases with production time, may be added (Kt 1.2, 1.3..) with a maximum value of Kt not exceeding Qy/Wy, so that the daily water injection Qz' of the new average to the well is equal to:
Qz'=Qz×Kz×Kt
the present application is described above only in conjunction with the most practical and preferred embodiments considered at present, and it should be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the present application, and the present application is not limited to the above examples, and is not limited to the one-to-one corresponding adjustment of single well, for example, considering different oil-water well proportioning, the total number of wells divided according to blocks, oil layers, well groups can be uniformly and evenly accounted; variations, modifications, additions, or substitutions by one of ordinary skill in the art which fall within the spirit of the invention are also within the scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. A method for reducing the ineffective water circulation of an oil well and adjusting the injection allocation amount of a water injection well is characterized in that a data acquisition control unit of a pumping unit, a component detector (4) of an oil well produced substance and an intelligent control unit are adopted; the pumping unit data acquisition control unit mainly comprises a displacement sensor (2) and a load sensor (3), acquires a pumping machine pump diagram in real time, and inputs the pumping machine pump diagram into the intelligent control unit to calculate the liquid amount of the oil well produced liquid in real time; the oil well produced liquid component detector (4) is arranged on an oil pipeline of an oil well head, and is used for monitoring composition parameters in an oil gas-water three-phase mixture in the pipeline in real time on line and detecting whether the pure oil section of the oil well produced liquid is lifted; the intelligent control unit comprises a communication module, a microprocessor and embedded intelligent algorithm analysis software thereof, pump work diagram data acquired by the oil pumping unit data acquisition control unit is used for calculating the liquid amount of the produced liquid of the oil well in real time through the embedded intelligent algorithm analysis software in the microprocessor, meanwhile, the microprocessor is used for detecting whether the pure oil section of the produced liquid of the oil well is lifted or not by utilizing an oil well produced substance component detector, so that the working system that the oil pumping unit automatically stops lifting and then starts the well after stopping the well for a fixed time is realized, and the microprocessor realizes the working system that the oil pumping unit starts and stops the oil well at fixed time intervals; the method for adjusting the injection allocation amount of the water injection well comprises the following steps:
Step 1: extracting the daily water injection quantity Qz from the original average to the oil well under the working system of starting and stopping the oil well at fixed time intervals;
and 2, step: calculating the liquid yield Qy in unit time under the working system of starting and stopping the oil well at fixed time intervals:
Qy=Qy1+Qy2+Qy3+Qy4+......+Qyn
wherein QyiThe liquid production amount of the oil well in each well opening process under the working system of opening and closing the oil well at fixed time intervals;
step 3: under the working system of automatically judging to stop lifting and opening the well after stopping the well for a fixed time, the liquid production amount Wy in unit time is as follows:
Wy=Wy1+Wy2+Wy3+Wy4+Wy5+Wy6+Wy7+Wy8+......+Wyn
wherein WyiThe liquid production amount of the oil well in each well opening process is automatically judged under the working system of automatically stopping lifting and opening the well after stopping the well for a fixed time;
and 4, step 4: calculating the coefficient Kz of reducing the ineffective water circulation of the produced water:
Kz=Wy/Qy
and 5: calculating the new average daily water injection quantity Qz' to the oil well under the working system of automatically judging to stop lifting and stopping the well for a fixed time and then opening the well:
Qz'=Qz×Kz
wherein Qz is the daily water injection amount from the original average to the oil well under the working system of starting and stopping the oil well at fixed time intervals.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the new average daily water injection Qz' to the well is increased by a correction factor Kt greater than 1 and greater over time with production, and wherein the maximum value of Kt does not exceed Qy/Wy.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the correction factor Kt is 1.2.
4. The method of claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein the fixed time interval well shut-in and shut-off operation is a fixed time after a fixed time of shut-in and shut-off; then stopping the well for a fixed time, and repeating the steps in a circulating way; the working system for automatically judging whether to stop lifting again and to start the well after stopping the well for a fixed time is that when the microprocessor uses the oil well produced substance component detector to detect that the lifting of the pure oil section of the oil well produced liquid is finished, the pumping unit automatically stops lifting, and when the microprocessor detects that the lifting of the pure oil section of the oil well produced liquid is finished, the pumping unit automatically stops lifting and then automatically stops lifting, and the steps are repeated in such a circulating way.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the shut-in fixed time is 6 hours or 8 hours or 10 hours; the fixed time for opening the well is 6 hours or 8 hours or 10 hours.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the unit time is 24 hours or 48 hours or 72 hours.
CN202111157069.1A 2021-09-30 2021-09-30 Method for reducing invalid water circulation of oil well and adjusting injection allocation amount of water injection well Active CN113700460B (en)

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CN103924959B (en) * 2013-01-10 2016-08-10 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Measure the method for water content in oil well liquid-producing
CN103939066B (en) * 2014-04-04 2016-04-27 中国石油大学(华东) An a kind of note adopts the method that well group determines water injection rate determination oilwell produced fluid amount more
CN107269265A (en) * 2017-06-28 2017-10-20 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 A kind of system and method for optimizing and revising oilwell produced fluid amount
CN108278104B (en) * 2018-01-26 2020-03-31 陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司研究院 Oil well interval pumping method for low-permeability oil field
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CN112049620B (en) * 2020-08-20 2021-10-15 西安健丰自动化工程有限公司 Oil well metering method based on combination of water content detection and indicator diagram method
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