CN113698677B - Flame-retardant rubber glove and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Flame-retardant rubber glove and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113698677B CN113698677B CN202111032715.1A CN202111032715A CN113698677B CN 113698677 B CN113698677 B CN 113698677B CN 202111032715 A CN202111032715 A CN 202111032715A CN 113698677 B CN113698677 B CN 113698677B
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- flame retardant
- glove
- parts
- flame
- latex
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- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 196
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 184
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 cis Ding Jiaoru Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012990 dithiocarbamate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002715 modification method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000700647 Variola virus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004659 dithiocarbamates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003557 thiazoles Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004114 Ammonium polyphosphate Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 235000019826 ammonium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229920001276 ammonium polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 9
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
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- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 22
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 17
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229940043315 aluminum hydroxide / magnesium hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 6
- SXSTVPXRZQQBKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M aluminum;magnesium;hydroxide;hydrate Chemical group O.[OH-].[Mg].[Al] SXSTVPXRZQQBKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 6
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- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;diborate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 4
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 3
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- QSLUWZMIMXNLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium methanol dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2].OC QSLUWZMIMXNLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
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- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- WTFUTSCZYYCBAY-SXBRIOAWSA-N 6-[(E)-C-[[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-N-hydroxycarbonimidoyl]-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)C/C(=N/O)/C1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1 WTFUTSCZYYCBAY-SXBRIOAWSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000039 hydrogen halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003279 phenylacetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003424 phenylacetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium docusate Chemical group [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940074404 sodium succinate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZDQYSKICYIVCPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium succinate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O ZDQYSKICYIVCPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NWZBFJYXRGSRGD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;octadecyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O NWZBFJYXRGSRGD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiram Chemical compound CN(C)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(C)C KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011240 wet gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- DXZMANYCMVCPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;diethylphosphinate Chemical group [Zn+2].CCP([O-])(=O)CC.CCP([O-])(=O)CC DXZMANYCMVCPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L7/00—Compositions of natural rubber
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D19/00—Gloves
- A41D19/0006—Gloves made of several layers of material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D19/00—Gloves
- A41D19/0055—Plastic or rubber gloves
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K2003/026—Phosphorus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2217—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of magnesium
- C08K2003/2224—Magnesium hydroxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2227—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/32—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K2003/321—Phosphates
- C08K2003/322—Ammonium phosphate
- C08K2003/323—Ammonium polyphosphate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a flame-retardant rubber glove and a preparation method thereof, wherein the flame-retardant rubber glove comprises the following components: s1, mixing a dispersing agent, an emulsifying agent, water and a flame retardant in proportion, stirring and matching with ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a flame retardant emulsion; the flame retardant is one or the combination of more than two of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, coated red phosphorus, modified ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol, melamine and expanded graphite; s2, stirring 100 parts of latex according to parts by weight, and then adding 1-5 parts of surfactant, 0.5-2 parts of vulcanizing agent, 1-5 parts of accelerator A, 1-3 parts of accelerator B, 40-80 parts of flame retardant emulsion, 0.5-2 parts of active agent and 1-6 parts of thickener into the latex for uniform mixing to obtain a sizing material containing flame retardant; s3, dipping the cotton glove blank or the knitted glove blank treated by the coagulating agent into the sizing material; s4, vulcanizing to obtain the flame-retardant rubber glove. The flame-retardant glove has high flame retardance, does not generate toxic smoke dust/gas after combustion, has good wear resistance and dexterity, and meets the use requirement of a high-temperature and high-heat environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of labor protection gloves, in particular to a flame-retardant rubber glove and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Rubber gloves are the most common labor gloves. Since most rubber polymers have C, H as a main constituent element, they are extremely flammable. The application occasion of the labor protection glove relates to the aspect of industrial production, and rubber labor protection gloves are needed in many industries, especially in some high-temperature and high-heat environments. The rubber can generate dense smoke and toxic gas after burning, which threatens the life health and property safety of people and burns hands.
Therefore, reducing the flammability of rubber gloves and reducing the toxic smoke/gases generated during the combustion process are important actions to improve the quality of such glove products. However, flame retardance of rubber has been a challenge.
The rubber flame-retardant gloves in the market at present are mostly chlorine Ding Shoutao, but the price of the neoprene glove is more expensive and the material cost is higher than about 2 times of the price of the natural rubber or the nitrile rubber. Currently, most of the commercial flame retardants are halogen flame retardants. The halogen flame retardant has the remarkable advantages of high flame retardant efficiency, small addition amount, low price and the like, but generates a large amount of smoke and releases toxic and corrosive gas (hydrogen halide) when burning, thereby seriously harming human health. In addition, how to reduce the combustibility of rubber gloves and reduce the poisonous smoke dust/gas generated in the combustion process, and simultaneously, the wear resistance and wearing flexibility of the rubber gloves are considered, so that the requirements of various applications are met, and the problem to be solved is still more urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
First, the technical problem to be solved
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and disadvantages of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing a flame-retardant rubber glove, which is used for preparing a flame-retardant rubber glove with excellent wear resistance and wearing flexibility, high flame retardance, and no toxic smoke and toxic gas even when burning at high temperature, so as to meet the use requirements of high-temperature and high-heat production environment.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the above purpose, the main technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method of making a flame retardant rubber glove comprising:
s1, preparing flame retardant emulsion
Mixing a dispersing agent, an emulsifying agent, water and a flame retardant in proportion, stirring and matching with ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a flame retardant emulsion with a certain consistency; the flame retardant is one or the combination of more than two of aluminum hydroxide (ATH), zinc Borate (ZB), magnesium hydroxide, coated red phosphorus (P4), modified ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol, melamine and expanded graphite (T-EG);
s2, preparing sizing material containing flame retardant
Stirring 100 parts of latex in a container for a preset time, and then adding 1-5 parts of surfactant, 0.5-2 parts of vulcanizing agent, 1-5 parts of accelerator A, 1-3 parts of accelerator B, 40-80 parts of flame retardant emulsion, 0.5-2 parts of active agent and 1-6 parts of thickener into the latex to uniformly mix to obtain a sizing material containing the flame retardant;
s3, dipping
Dipping the glove blank into the sizing material prepared in the step S2 for one time or two times;
the glove blanks are cotton flannel glove blanks or knitted glove blanks; when the glove blank is a cotton flannel glove blank, the glove blank is directly immersed with the sizing material prepared in the step S2 for one or two times; when the glove blank is a knitted glove blank, heating the glove blank, then dipping the glove blank in a coagulant, taking out the glove blank from the coagulant, and dipping the glove blank in the sizing material prepared in the step S2 once or twice;
s4, vulcanizing and drying to obtain the flame-retardant rubber glove.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S1, the flame retardant is aluminum hydroxide/magnesium hydroxide, a composition of coated red phosphorus and expanded graphite, or a composition of ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol and melamine and expanded graphite; in the flame retardant emulsion, the mass concentration of the flame retardant is 35-45%.
Preferably, in S1, the flame retardant is a combination of aluminum hydroxide/magnesium hydroxide, coated red phosphorus and expanded graphite, and wherein the aluminum hydroxide/magnesium hydroxide, coated red phosphorus and expanded graphite are mixed in a ratio of 10:2:1.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S1, the flame retardant is modified by a silane coupling agent in advance, and the modification method is as follows: adjusting the pH value of the silane coupling agent and absolute ethyl alcohol to 3-5, heating the mixture to 50-80 ℃ for hydrolysis, adding the flame retardant, stirring or oscillating the mixture at 50-80 ℃ for constant temperature, and drying the obtained solid, namely the flame retardant modified by the silane coupling agent for later use. Wherein the mass ratio of the flame retardant to the silane coupling agent is 100:5-10. The silane coupling agent may be KH550 or KH570.
In the process of preparing rubber materials and pre-vulcanizing, the flame retardant can be connected with latex molecules by chemical bonds through the coupling agent, and the flame retardant is grafted to the latex molecules, so that compared with the process of being only physically mixed in rubber, the firmness of the flame retardant remained in the rubber and the uniformity of dispersion can be improved by chemical bond connection, and the flame retardance, the durability, the wear resistance and the like of rubber gloves are effectively improved.
According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, in S1, the dispersing agent is one or a combination of a plurality of sodium methylenedinaphthyl sulfonate (dispersing agent NF), sodium sulfonate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, in S1, the emulsifier is one or a combination of several of casein, peregal and sodium alkyl sulphate.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S2, the flame retardant emulsion is added in an amount of 60 parts by weight.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S2, the preparation method of the sizing material is as follows: firstly stirring latex for a period of time, then respectively adding a surfactant, a vulcanizing agent, an accelerator A, an accelerator B, a flame retardant emulsion and an active agent into the latex, stirring and heating to perform presulfiding treatment, and adding a thickening agent to adjust the viscosity to 1500 Pa.s-3500 Pa.s after presulfiding.
In the process of preparing the sizing material, flame retardant and the like are added into latex for heating (60-80 ℃ and presulfiding for 15-45 min) presulfiding treatment, and local active groups of latex molecules generate a cross-linked network, so that part of the flame retardant (particularly the flame retardant modified by the silane coupling agent) is uniformly dispersed in the sizing material and grafted, wound/wrapped on the latex molecules.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S2, in order to prevent the flame retardant added to the sizing material from precipitating in the form of powder during the later use of the finished glove product, further, 1 to 5 parts by mass of an anti-frost agent is added to the sizing material.
Preferably, the anti-frost agent consists of 25% of microcrystalline wax, 30% of polyethylene glycol, 10% of 58# paraffin emulsifier, 10% of brominated epoxy resin, 1% of hydrocarbon resin and 24% of nanoscale silicon dioxide in percentage.
According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, in S2, when the sizing material containing the flame retardant is prepared, the addition amount of the flame retardant aluminum hydroxide is controlled so that the content of the vulcanized rubber layer of the flame retardant rubber glove is 10-15%; or when the sizing material containing the flame retardant is prepared, the adding amount of the flame retardant ZB is controlled, so that the content of the vulcanized rubber layer of the flame-retardant rubber glove is 30-40%.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S3 includes dipping and surface treatment, which includes the following steps:
dipping the glove blank in the sizing material prepared in the step S2 once, and then dipping in a wrinkling agent to prepare a flame-retardant rubber wrinkled glove; or:
dipping the glove blank into the sizing material prepared in the step S2 for one time, then dripping and homogenizing the sizing material, putting the glove blank into an oven for one time, pre-baking the sizing layer of the glove until the sizing layer is dried by 4-7 times, dipping the sizing material prepared in the step S2 for the second time, and spraying salt to prepare the flame-retardant rubber frosted glove.
Preferably, the wrinkling agent consists of 100 parts by weight of swelling oil agent, 10-40 parts by weight of demulsification oil agent and 1-5 parts by weight of coagulation oil agent, wherein the swelling oil agent is one or any combination of toluene, xylene, chloroform, methylene dichloride and acetone; the demulsification oil agent is one or any combination of liquid low-carbon alcohols with less than 10 carbons; the oil-accelerating agent is one or a combination of more of formic acid, acetic acid, benzoic acid and phenylacetic acid.
Preferably, the salt is one or a mixture of sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium sulfite and sodium carbonate.
According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, in S4, vulcanization and drying comprise low-temperature pre-drying and high-temperature vulcanization to obtain the finished flame-retardant rubber glove. Preferably, the low-temperature pre-baking temperature is 60-90 ℃, the baking time is 15-40min, the high-temperature vulcanizing temperature is 100-140 ℃, and the vulcanizing time is 1-3h.
In S2, preparing each component of the impregnated rubber, except for the flame retardant, and the rest are as follows:
and (2) latex: the latex is one or more of natural latex, smallpox latex, nitrile latex, cis-Ding Jiaoru, neoprene latex, butyl latex, ethylene propylene diene monomer latex and styrene butadiene latex. Among them, natural latex is most preferable, on one hand, natural latex has good environmental protection, easy degradation and biocompatibility, and is suitable for special occasions (such as medical occasions), on the other hand, wet gel strength of natural latex is higher, and after inorganic reinforcing agent is added, performance (mainly strength) of the latex is not greatly influenced, but other latex is greatly influenced. The viscosity of the sizing material can be designed according to the thickness of the rubber of the finished product, the more the sizing is, the greater the thickness of the rubber of the glove product is, the better the flame retardant property is, but the too thick rubber can impair wearing comfort and operation flexibility, so that the preferable range is 1500 Pa.s-3500 Pa.s. The inorganic flame retardant is added into the sizing material, so that the sizing (adhesion tightness with glove blanks) performance of the sizing material is weakened to a certain extent, and the glove can be prepared by twice dipping, so that the rubber reaches a preset thickness, and the glove has better protection performance.
And (2) a surfactant: in the present invention, the surfactant is preferably an anionic surfactant or a nonionic surfactant, and specifically, may be one or a combination of several of dioctyl sodium succinate sulfonate, alkenyl sodium sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium octadecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, peregal and the like. Different surfactants have different effects on the latex's conjunctival speed and on the latex's coagulation, so the amount needs to be adjusted in accordance with the actual situation.
And (3) an accelerator: in the invention, the accelerator A and the accelerator B are different vulcanization accelerators, and are respectively selected from one or a combination of a plurality of thiazole (DM), dithiocarbamates (ZDC, BZ), sulfenamides (CZ) and thiurams (TMTD).
When the impregnated rubber material is prepared, two different accelerators are used, the acceleration mechanism and the acceleration speed of the vulcanization by the different accelerators are different, and the two accelerators are combined to be used, so that the vulcanization speed is smoother, the performances (wear resistance and puncture resistance) of each part of the rubber are more uniform and stable, and the overall performance is also better.
Active agent: in the present invention, the active agent is a sulfurized active agent, and specifically zinc oxide, zinc carbonate or zinc stearate may be selected. The active agent can improve the vulcanization degree, promote the vulcanization speed and shorten the vulcanization time.
Vulcanizing agent: in the invention, the vulcanizing agent is sulfur, a vulcanizing agent DCP, a vulcanizing agent PDM, dithiocarbamate, thiazole, a autumn vulcanizing agent and the like.
And (3) a thickening agent: in the invention, the thickener is also called as a gelatinizing agent, which is a substance capable of increasing the viscosity of latex and liquid, and can improve the viscosity of a system, so that the system can keep a uniform and stable suspension state or an emulsion state or form gel; most thickeners have an emulsifying effect. The thickener is one or more selected from casein, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and polyvinyl alcohol.
And S3, dipping the knitted glove blanks in a coagulant before dipping. Wherein the coagulant can be methanol or divalent calcium solution of ethanol and butanol, can be solution of methanol, ethanol, butanol and acid, and can be mixed solution of alcohol, acid and calcium, and the concentration is 1% -5%.
In S3, the glove blanks are made of flame-retardant nylon and flame-retardant terylene, so that the flame retardant performance of the glove is further enhanced, and the protection effect of the glove on hands is improved.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a flame retardant rubber glove prepared by the preparation method of any one of the above embodiments.
(III) beneficial effects
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The flame retardant used in the invention is one or more of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, coated red phosphorus, modified ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol, melamine or expanded graphite, and the like, and the flame retardant is halogen-free flame retardant, has good flame retardant property, generates little toxic smoke dust/gas after combustion, and reduces secondary injury generated by the combustion of rubber gloves.
(2) According to the invention, the flame retardant, the dispersing agent, the emulsifying agent and the water are firstly prepared to obtain the flame retardant emulsion with a certain consistency, so that the flame retardant is uniformly dispersed in the emulsion, and the flame retardant performance of the flame retardant rubber glove is improved. Particularly when the flame retardant is mixed and used by a plurality of different flame retardants, the problems of sinking, layering and the like of the flame retardants with different particle sizes/specific gravities can be prevented by emulsifying the flame retardant emulsion with a certain consistency, and the uniformity of a flame retardant system is ensured.
(3) More preferably, the flame retardant is modified by a silane coupling agent, and the flame retardant is grafted to latex molecules through chemical bonds by the modification, so that the distribution uniformity and the bonding firmness of the flame retardant in the latex are improved, and the flame retardant property, the durability and the wear-resistant and puncture-resistant property of the rubber are improved (if the flame retardant is directly and physically mixed, the wear-resistant and puncture-resistant property of the rubber is deteriorated after solidification).
(4) The flame retardant is preferably a composite flame retardant formed by mixing aluminum hydroxide, coated red phosphorus and expanded graphite according to the proportion of 10:2:1. The flame retardant is prepared into 40% emulsion, and when the rubber glove is used, the rubber glove is prepared according to the proportion of 100 parts of latex and 60 parts of flame retardant emulsion, and the flame retardant performance, the wear resistance and the wearing softness (softness determines wearing flexibility) of the finished rubber glove are all optimal.
(5) In the preparation process of the dipping sizing material, a surfactant, a vulcanizing agent, an accelerator A, an accelerator B, a flame retardant emulsion, an active agent (zinc oxide/zinc carbonate/zinc stearate) and the like are added into the latex to be stirred and heated for pre-vulcanization treatment, so that local cross-linked network is generated on latex molecules, flame retardant particles are uniformly dispersed and wound on the latex molecules (the flame retardant modified by the coupling agent is grafted on the latex molecules), and the bonding firmness of the flame retardant in the latex, the flame retardance and the durability of the glove are improved.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below in connection with specific embodiments for better understanding of the invention.
The flame retardant used in the invention is one or more of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, coated red phosphorus, modified ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol, melamine or expanded graphite, and the flame retardant is halogen-free environment-friendly flame retardant, and has the following advantages.
The aluminum hydroxide/magnesium hydroxide is an environment-friendly flame retardant (low smoke zero halogen) and smoke suppressor, can improve the carbon forming performance (solid materials are used for preventing flame from spreading and corrosion by a carbon forming layer), limiting oxygen index and reduce smoke density of the low smoke zero halogen rubber. The aluminum hydroxide/magnesium hydroxide has synergistic effect with other flame retardants. The decomposition temperature of aluminum hydroxide is 180 ℃, the decomposition temperature of magnesium hydroxide is 350 ℃, and the vulcanization temperature of the glove of the invention is not more than 140 ℃, so that the two flame retardants can be applicable. In the aspect of carbon forming performance, magnesium hydroxide is slightly better than aluminum hydroxide, but the cost of the aluminum hydroxide is low, the rubber glove prepared by doping the aluminum hydroxide into rubber has softer and more comfortable hand feeling and good low temperature resistance, and the aluminum hydroxide also has the functions of reinforcing (wear resistance) and preventing frosting, so that the added value of the rubber glove is better improved.
The coated red phosphorus is an ultrafine coated red phosphorus flame retardant prepared by adopting a coating technology, reduces the activity of red phosphorus, improves the compatibility of the red phosphorus, solves the problem of moisture absorption of red phosphorus powder serving as the flame retardant, maintains the high content of effective flame retardant components, and improves the fire resistance temperature. The coated red phosphorus is well dispersed in the latex.
The expandable graphite can play a better role in flame retardance on the premise of not affecting the basic performance and the appearance of the glove. The modified ammonium polyphosphate is used in combination with expandable graphite. The modified ammonium polyphosphate is an acidic polymer, and forms phosphoric acid when meeting water, so that the pH value of a latex mixture is reduced, double electric layers on the surface of colloidal particles are compressed, meanwhile, the dissolution of zinc oxide and the formation of zinc ammonia complex are promoted, the latex is rapidly gelled, the expandable graphite flame retardant is uniformly dispersed in rubber materials by the gelling process, and the flame retardant property of the product is good.
When the ammonium polyphosphate, the melamine and the pentaerythritol are matched, and the mixture is subjected to high temperature and flame action, the mixture is subjected to severe expansion carbonization foaming, and the volume of the mixture is expanded into a incombustible spongy carbonaceous layer of tens times, so that the heat transfer can be effectively delayed, and the good protection effect on an inner rubber layer/glove blank is achieved.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a flame-retardant rubber glove, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing fire retardant emulsion
The preparation method comprises the steps of (1) preparing a dispersion liquid by using 10 parts of deionized water, 2 parts of dispersing agent NF, 2 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate and 1 part of casein, and mixing ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol, melamine and expanded graphite according to a ratio of 2:1:1:1 to obtain 10 parts of composite flame retardant, adding the 10 parts of composite flame retardant into the dispersion liquid, stirring for 10min, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 3min to prepare the flame retardant emulsion with the concentration of the flame retardant of 40%.
(2) Preparation of flame retardant-containing compounds
100 parts of natural latex is stirred in a container for 10min according to the parts by weight, 1 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 2 parts of sulfur, 2 parts of TT (accelerator A), 2 parts of ZDC (accelerator B), 60 parts of flame retardant emulsion, 1 part of zinc oxide and 2 parts of frost prevention agent (the composition comprises 25% of microcrystalline wax, 30% of polyethylene glycol, 10% of 58# paraffin emulsifier, 10% of brominated epoxy resin, 1% of hydrocarbon resin, 24% of nano silicon dioxide) and 2.5 parts of casein are uniformly mixed, heated to 65 ℃, and heat preservation is carried out for 20min for presulfiding, so that the sizing material containing the flame retardant is obtained, and the viscosity is 2200 Pa.
(3) Gum dipping
And (3) sleeving 13-needle flame-retardant polyester glove blanks on a hand mould, heating to 50 ℃, immersing 2.5% of calcium chloride methanol coagulator, and immersing the sizing material prepared in the step (2). And (3) pre-drying the glove glue layer to be 7 to be dry in an oven at 80 ℃, then soaking the glue material prepared in the step (2), spraying salt (sodium sulfite) on the glove surface glue layer according to a sanding process, and soaking the glue layer in water at normal temperature.
(4) Vulcanizing and drying
Baking at 90 ℃ for 30min, and vulcanizing at 120 ℃ for 2h to obtain the finished flame-retardant rubber glove.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a flame-retardant rubber glove, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing fire retardant emulsion
According to parts by weight, 10 parts of deionized water, 2 parts of dispersing agent NF, 2 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate and 1 part of casein are used for preparing a dispersion liquid, 10 parts of flame retardant is obtained by mixing magnesium hydroxide, coated red phosphorus and expanded graphite according to the mass ratio of 10:2:1, and the mixture is added into the dispersion liquid, stirred for 10min and dispersed for 3min by ultrasound, so that the flame retardant emulsion with the concentration of 40% of the flame retardant is prepared.
(2) Preparation of flame retardant-containing compounds
According to the parts by weight, 100 parts of natural latex is stirred in a container for 10min, then 1 part of sodium lauryl sulfate, 2 parts of sulfur, 2 parts of TT (accelerator A), 2 parts of ZDC (accelerator B), 60 parts of flame retardant emulsion, 2 parts of zinc oxide, 2 parts of anti-frost agent (the same as above) and 3 parts of PVP are uniformly mixed, heated to 65 ℃ and kept for 20min for presulfiding, and the sizing material containing the flame retardant is obtained, wherein the viscosity of the sizing material is 2400 Pa.
(3) Gum dipping
And (3) sleeving 13-needle flame-retardant polyester glove blanks on a hand mould, heating to 50 ℃, immersing 2.5% of calcium chloride methanol coagulator, and immersing the sizing material prepared in the step (2). And (3) pre-drying the glove glue layer to be 7 to be dry in an oven at 80 ℃, then soaking the glue material prepared in the step (2), spraying salt (sodium sulfite) on the glove surface glue layer according to a sanding process, and soaking the glue layer in water at normal temperature.
(4) Vulcanizing and drying
Baking at 90 ℃ for 30min, and vulcanizing at 120 ℃ for 2h to obtain the finished flame-retardant rubber glove.
Example 3
This example provides a method for preparing a flame retardant rubber glove, which differs from example 2 only in step (1), in that the flame retardant consists of aluminum hydroxide, coated red phosphorus and expanded graphite mixed in a mass ratio of 20:13:2.
Example 4
This example provides a method for preparing a flame retardant rubber glove, which differs from example 3 only in step (1), in that the flame retardant consists of aluminum hydroxide, coated red phosphorus and expanded graphite mixed in a mass ratio of 10:2:1.
Example 5
This example provides a method for preparing a flame retardant rubber glove, which differs from example 3 only in the (1) th step, in that the flame retardant consists of aluminum hydroxide, coated red phosphorus and expanded graphite in a mass ratio of 5:3:2.
Example 6
This example provides a method for preparing a flame retardant rubber glove, which differs from example 2 only in step (1), in that the flame retardant consists of modified ammonium polyphosphate and expandable graphite mixed in a mass ratio of 6:4.
Example 7
This example provides a method for preparing a flame retardant rubber glove, which differs from example 2 only in step (1), in that the flame retardant consists of ammonium polyphosphate, melamine and pentaerythritol mixed in a mass ratio of 4:4:2.
Example 8
This example provides a method for preparing a flame retardant rubber glove, which differs from example 4 only in step (1), in that the aluminum hydroxide, coated red phosphorus and expanded graphite in the flame retardant are modified by KH570, respectively, in advance. The modification method comprises the following steps: mixing a silane coupling agent and absolute ethyl alcohol according to a ratio of 1:5, adjusting the pH value to 4, treating for 30min at a heating constant temperature of 70 ℃ to hydrolyze, adding a compound flame retardant, oscillating at a constant temperature of 7 ℃, filtering and drying for later use.
Example 9
This example provides a method of making a flame retardant rubber glove that differs from example 4 only in step (2) in that 40 parts of the flame retardant emulsion is used in formulating the size.
Example 10
This example provides a method of making a flame retardant rubber glove that differs from example 4 only in step (2) in that 80 parts of the flame retardant emulsion is used in formulating the size.
Example 11
This example provides a method for preparing a flame retardant rubber glove which differs from example 4 only in step (1), the flame retardant being composed of ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol, melamine and expanded graphite according to a ratio of 2:1:1:1 mass ratio.
Example 12
This example provides a method for preparing a flame retardant rubber glove, which differs from example 4 only in step (3):
sleeving 13-needle flame-retardant polyester glove blanks on a hand mould, heating to 50 ℃, immersing 2.5% of calcium chloride methanol coagulating agent, immersing the sizing material prepared in the step (2), dripping and homogenizing, and immersing a wrinkling agent, wherein the wrinkling agent comprises the following components: 100 parts by weight of chloroform, 25 parts by weight of ethanol and 4 parts by weight of benzoic acid, and after 1min of immersion, the glove is sent to the next step of vulcanization, and the flame-retardant rubber wrinkled glove is obtained.
To further illustrate the technical effects and advances of the inventive arrangements, the following comparative examples are obtained by varying some of the features of the inventive arrangements.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 is based on example 4, with the expanded graphite removed.
Comparative example 2
In the comparative example, the step of preparing a flame retardant emulsion is omitted based on the example 2, and 24 parts by weight of flame retardant (compounded by magnesium hydroxide, coated red phosphorus and expanded graphite according to the mass ratio of 10:2:1) is added into 100 parts of natural latex to prepare a sizing material.
Comparative example 3
In this comparative example, in the preparation of the flame retardant-containing compound in the step (2), the temperature-rising presulfiding was not performed, and only the components constituting the compound were stirred and mixed.
Comparative example 4
In this comparative example, in the preparation of the flame retardant-containing compound in the step (2), the temperature-rising presulfiding was not performed, and only the components constituting the compound were stirred and mixed.
Comparative example 5
Comparative example 5 is based on example 4, with the component of the anti-frost agent removed.
The fire rating of the rubber flame resistant gloves of examples 1-12 and comparative examples 1-5 were tested according to the EN407 insulating fire glove industry standard as follows:
| group of | Flame retardant rating | Flame holding time/s | Afterglow (smoldering) time/s |
| Example 1 | 4 | Self-extinguishing when leaving fire | 3s |
| Example 2 | 4 | Self-extinguishing when leaving fire | 1.5s |
| Example 3 | 4 | Self-extinguishing when leaving fire | 1.2s |
| Example 4 | 4 | Self-extinguishing when leaving fire | 1s |
| Example 5 | 4 | Self-extinguishing when leaving fire | 1.5s |
| Example 6 | 4 | Self-extinguishing when leaving fire | 2s |
| Example 7 | 4 | Self-extinguishing when leaving fire | 2s |
| Example 8 | 4 | Self-extinguishing when leaving fire | 0.8s |
| Example 9 | 4 | Self-extinguishing when leaving fire | 1.5s |
| Example 10 | 4 | Self-extinguishing when leaving fire | 0.8s |
| Example 11 | 4 | Self-extinguishing when leaving fire | 2.5s |
| Example 12 | 4 | Self-extinguishing when leaving fire | 1s |
(follow-up table)
| Group of | Flame retardant rating | Flame holding time/s | Afterglow (smoldering) time/s |
| Example 4 | 4 | Self-extinguishing when leaving fire | 1s |
| Comparative example 1 | 1 | ＞20s | No requirement is required |
| Comparative example 2 | 2 | 9.5s | No requirement is required |
| Comparative example 3 | 3 | 5s | No requirement is required |
| Comparative example 4 | 3 | 4.5s | No requirement is required |
| Comparative example 5 | 4 | Self-extinguishing when leaving fire | 3s |
The abrasion resistance, softness of the flame retardant gloves of examples 1-12 were tested according to EN388 glove industry standard as follows:
| wear resistance | Wearing softness | Dexterity and dexterity | Surface effect | |
| Example 1 | 3 level (2320-2530 r) | Softening and softening | Dexterous | No powder is separated out |
| Example 2 | Grade 3%>6500) | Softer and softer | Is more flexible | No powder is separated out |
| Example 3 | Grade 3%>7000) | Softening and softening | Dexterous | No powder is separated out |
| Example 4 | Grade 4%>8000) | Softening and softening | Dexterous | No powder is separated out |
| Example 5 | Grade 4%>8000) | Softer and softer | Is more flexible | No powder is separated out |
| Example 6 | 2 level (1500-2000 r) | Softening and softening | Dexterous | No powder is separated out |
| Example 7 | 2 level (1500-2000 r) | Softening and softening | Dexterous | No powder is separated out |
| Example 8 | Grade 4%>8000) | Softening and softening | Dexterous | No powder is separated out |
| Example 9 | 3 level (2320-2530 r) | Softening and softening | Dexterous | No powder is separated out |
| Example 10 | Grade 4%>8000) | Hardening of hair | Poor dexterity | No powder is separated out |
| Example 11 | Grade 3 (2200-2450 r) | Softening and softening | Dexterous | No powder is separated out |
| Example 12 | 2 level (1000-1500 r) | Softening and softening | Dexterous | No powder is separated out |
| Comparative example 5 | Grade 3%>7000) | Softening and softening | Dexterous | With graphite and powder precipitation |
Note that: the abrasion resistance test grade and the number of revolutions are as follows:
| grade | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Revolution number | 100～500 | 500～2000 | 2000～8000 | >8000 |
The wearing softness sequence is as follows: softness is better than softer and softer than stiffer; the dexterity is better than the dexterity, and the dexterity is poorer.
Wherein the flame retardant in comparative example 1 was free of expanded graphite, and the flame retardant rating of the glove product was significantly lowered. Comparative example 2 does not carry out emulsion dispersion on the compound flame retardant mixed by different flame retardants, and the flame retardants are layered and unevenly distributed, so that the flame retardant grade of the glove product is reduced. Comparative examples 3-4 did not presulfide the compound during the formulation process, resulting in a slight decrease in the flame retardant rating of the glove product.
The frost inhibitor is removed in comparative example 5, so that the surface of the finished product can be touched to separate out powder such as expanded graphite. The cleanliness of the glove surface is affected, the application occasions of the glove are limited, and meanwhile, the flame retardant capability of the rubber glove is rapidly reduced due to precipitation of inorganic flame retardant powder.
Wherein, the examples 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9 and 10 use aluminum hydroxide/magnesium hydroxide, red phosphorus coated and expanded graphite compound as flame retardant, and the prepared glove products are superior to the examples 1, 6-7 and 11 in flame retardance, wear resistance, softness and the like; in particular, when the three materials of aluminum hydroxide, coated red phosphorus and expanded graphite are compounded and used according to a ratio of 10:2:1, the prepared glove has the most excellent performances in terms of flame retardance, wear resistance, softness and the like (examples 4 and 8). The rubber glove prepared in example 8 is superior to example 4 in durability, mainly because the flame retardant in example 8 can be more firmly grafted in latex molecules after being modified by the coupling agent, so that the flame retardant remains in the rubber layer and is not easy to separate out along with the use time. In addition, due to the use of aluminum hydroxide, the glove is allowed to bloom when wet for a long time. The amount of flame retardant used in example 10 was higher, and the glove had better flame retardancy, but the glove had stiffer and less flexible properties than the glove of example 4. In comparison with example 12, the two-pass gummed prepared frosted glove was superior to the one-pass gummed wrinkled glove in terms of abrasion resistance and durability.
In summary, the flame retardant glove products prepared in examples 1-12 of the present invention are non-flammable or partially flammable at 300-350 ℃, but do not generate a large amount of toxic smoke/gas, and can meet the flame retardant requirements of the glove, and the performance of the glove products prepared in examples 4 and 8 is particularly comprehensive and optimal.
In addition, if only aluminum hydroxide (ATH) is used as the flame retardant in the preparation of the compound based on example 2, the effect of the mechanical properties of the natural latex vulcanized film was tested by changing the amount of the aluminum hydroxide (ATH), and the results are shown in the following table:
therefore, when aluminum hydroxide (ATH) is used, it is not preferable to use an excessive amount, preferably in combination with other flame retardants, which may tend to decrease the overall tear strength, tensile stress, tensile strength, elongation at break, etc. of the glove. Preferably, the content of aluminum hydroxide ATH in the finished rubber is controlled to be about 10-15%, preferably not more than 20%.
Further, on the basis of example 2, if Zinc Borate (ZB) is only used as the flame retardant in the preparation of the rubber compound, the relation between the limiting oxygen index of the natural latex vulcanized rubber film and the zinc borate content in the flame retardant is tested by changing the percentage content, and the result is as follows:
| zinc borate content | Limiting oxygen index |
| 0 | 20％ |
| 10％ | 24％ |
| 20％ | 27％ |
| 30％ | 32％ |
| 40％ | 36％ |
| 50％ | 30％ |
Therefore, when zinc borate BZ is used as a flame retardant, the limiting oxygen index of the rubber is highest and the flame retardant performance is also best when the content of the zinc borate BZ in the finished rubber is about 30 to 40 percent.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for preparing a flame retardant rubber glove, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing flame retardant emulsion
Mixing a dispersing agent, an emulsifying agent, water and a flame retardant in proportion, stirring and matching with ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a flame retardant emulsion with a certain consistency;
s2, preparing sizing material containing flame retardant
Stirring 100 parts of latex in a container for a preset time, and then adding 1-5 parts of surfactant, 0.5-2 parts of vulcanizing agent, 1-5 parts of accelerator A, 1-3 parts of accelerator B, 40-80 parts of flame retardant emulsion, 0.5-2 parts of active agent, 1-5 parts of anti-frost agent and 1-6 parts of thickening agent into the latex for uniform mixing to obtain a sizing material containing the flame retardant; the accelerator A and the accelerator B are different vulcanization accelerators and are respectively selected from one or a combination of a plurality of thiazoles, dithiocarbamates, sulfenamides and thiurams;
the preparation method of the sizing material comprises the following steps: firstly stirring latex for a period of time, then adding a surfactant, a vulcanizing agent, an accelerator A, an accelerator B, a flame retardant emulsion, an active agent and an anti-frosting agent into the latex respectively, stirring and heating to 60-80 ℃, and presulfiding for 15-45min; after the presulfiding is finished, adding a thickener to adjust the viscosity to 1500 Pa.s-3500 Pa.s;
s3, dipping
Dipping the glove blank into the sizing material prepared in the step S2 for one time or two times;
the glove blanks are cotton flannel glove blanks or knitted glove blanks; when the glove blank is a cotton flannel glove blank, the glove blank is directly immersed with the sizing material prepared in the step S2 for one or two times; when the glove blank is a knitted glove blank, heating the glove blank, then dipping the glove blank in a coagulant, taking out the glove blank from the coagulant, and dipping the glove blank in the sizing material prepared in the step S2 once or twice;
s4, vulcanizing and drying to obtain the flame-retardant rubber glove;
the flame retardant is a composition of aluminum hydroxide, coated red phosphorus and expanded graphite; in the flame retardant emulsion, the mass concentration of the flame retardant is 35-45%; wherein, when the sizing material containing the flame retardant is prepared, the adding amount of the flame retardant aluminum hydroxide is controlled so that the content of the flame retardant aluminum hydroxide in the rubber layer of the vulcanized flame retardant rubber glove is not more than 20 percent.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in S1, the flame retardant is a combination of aluminum hydroxide, coated red phosphorus, and expanded graphite, and wherein the aluminum hydroxide, coated red phosphorus, and expanded graphite are mixed in a ratio of 10:2:1.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in S1, the flame retardant is previously modified with a silane coupling agent, the modification method being: adjusting the pH value of the silane coupling agent and absolute ethyl alcohol to 3-5, heating the mixture to 50-80 ℃ for hydrolysis, adding the flame retardant, stirring or oscillating the mixture at 50-80 ℃ for constant temperature, and drying the obtained solid, namely the flame retardant modified by the silane coupling agent for later use.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein,
in S1, in the flame retardant emulsion, the mass concentration of the flame retardant is 40%; in S2, when preparing the sizing material containing the flame retardant, the addition amount of the flame retardant emulsion is 60 parts by weight.
5. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in S2, the latex is one or more of natural latex, smallpox latex, nitrile latex, cis Ding Jiaoru, neoprene latex, butyl latex, ethylene propylene diene monomer latex and styrene butadiene latex;
in S3, the glove blanks are glove blanks woven by flame-retardant nylon and flame-retardant polyester.
6. A flame retardant rubber glove prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-5.
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