CN113698106B - Production system and production method of low-expansion-coefficient glass fiber - Google Patents
Production system and production method of low-expansion-coefficient glass fiber Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C13/00—Fibre or filament compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
- C03B37/022—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor from molten glass in which the resultant product consists of different sorts of glass or is characterised by shape, e.g. hollow fibres, undulated fibres, fibres presenting a rough surface
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
- C03C25/10—Coating
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Abstract
The invention discloses a production system and a production method of glass fibers with low expansion coefficients, and belongs to the technical field of inorganic non-metallic materials. The production system described above includes: the device comprises a mixing device, a heating device, a tank furnace wire drawing device, an infiltration wire collecting device and a glass fiber forming device; glass fiber raw materials are uniformly mixed through a mixing device, the glass fiber raw materials are conveyed to a tank furnace wire drawing device through air force, the tank furnace wire drawing device is heated through a heating device, raw materials are melted, then wire drawing forming is carried out, glass fiber protofilaments are obtained, then an impregnating compound is coated on the surface, and a protofilament cake is obtained after filament collection. The invention is on SiO 2 And Al 2 O 3 In the formed network, a plurality of ions are introduced, and the synergistic effect among the ions is utilized to enable the network to be more compact and reduce the thermal expansion coefficient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of inorganic nonmetallic materials, in particular to a production system and a production method of glass fiber with low expansion coefficient.
Background
Glass fiber (Fiberglass) is an inorganic non-metallic material with excellent performance, has good insulativity, strong heat resistance, good corrosion resistance and high mechanical strength, but is brittle and has poor wear resistance. The hair-care fiber is prepared from six kinds of ores of pyrophyllite, quartz sand, limestone, dolomite, borocalcite and boromagnesite by the processes of high-temperature melting, wire drawing, winding, weaving and the like, wherein the diameter of each monofilament ranges from several micrometers to twenty micrometers, the monofilament is equivalent to 1/20-1/5 of one hair, and each fiber protofilament bundle consists of hundreds of monofilaments or even thousands of monofilaments. Glass fibers are commonly used as reinforcing materials, electrical insulating materials, thermal insulating materials, circuit boards, and other various fields of the national economy in composite materials. In the application process of the glass fiber, along with the continuous increase of the size of the composite material product, people put forward higher and higher requirements on various performances of the glass fiber. In the prior art, the performance of the low-expansion coefficient glass fiber composition depends on the composition of the glass fiber to a great extent, but the glass fiber in the prior art has higher forming temperature, and the components added in the formula and the mixture ratio thereof are unreasonable, so that the strength or the elastic modulus are easily reduced. For example, fe 2 O 3 The introduction of the components easily leads to phase separation of the glass, so thatPoor stability and poor mechanical strength; too high a magnesium oxide content increases the tendency of the glass to devitrify. And the raw materials are not mixed uniformly in the conventional production process of the glass fiber, and the equipment is complex.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a production system and a production method of glass fiber with low expansion coefficient; the raw materials are mixed and conveyed pneumatically, the method is convenient and rapid, production equipment is simple, the prepared glass fiber has high elastic modulus on the basis of good stability, and the glass fiber composition is suitable for large-scale production. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, the present invention provides a system for producing low expansion coefficient glass fibers, comprising: the device comprises a mixing device, a heating device, a tank furnace wire drawing device and an infiltration wire collecting device; the mixing device comprises a raw material tank, a stock bin, a weighing device and a mixing and conveying tank, wherein raw materials in the raw material tank are conveyed to the stock bin through pneumatic conveying, the raw materials in the stock bin are weighed by the weighing device and then conveyed to the mixing and conveying tank through a pipeline, the raw materials are uniformly mixed through pneumatic conveying, and then the raw materials are conveyed to the tank furnace wire drawing device through pulse pneumatic conveying; the tank furnace wire drawing device comprises a unit kiln and an H-shaped passage arranged at the tail end of the unit kiln, wherein the raw materials are melted into molten glass in the unit kiln, then flow to the H-shaped passage, flow out of a platinum bushing in the H-shaped passage and are drawn by a wire drawing machine to form fiber monofilaments; the infiltration silk collecting device comprises a single silk oiling device for coating the fiber single silk with the impregnating compound and a silk collecting device for combining the fiber single silk, and the fiber single silk is collected and drawn by a drawing machine to be wound into a raw silk cake. Further, the mixing device also comprises a pulse pneumatic supply device, and the pulse pneumatic supply device is communicated with the raw material tank and the mixing and conveying tank through a pipeline. Further, the heating device comprises a boiler using natural gas as fuel and a heat exchanger positioned between the boiler and the tank furnace wire drawing device, and is used for supplying heat to the tank furnace wire drawing device to melt the raw materials. Furthermore, the production system further comprises a waste silk recovery device, the waste silk recovery device comprises a waste silk mixing tank for uniformly mixing the waste silk, and the waste silk mixing tank is communicated to the unit kiln through a pipeline to perform melting treatment on the waste silk. Furthermore, the pulse pneumatic supply device is also communicated with a waste wire mixing tank, and waste wires are mixed and conveyed into the unit kiln through pneumatic power. In another aspect, the present invention further provides a method for producing a low expansion coefficient glass fiber, wherein the production system using the low expansion coefficient glass fiber comprises: weighing raw materials of the glass fiber according to a proportion by using the mixing device, conveying the raw materials into the tank furnace wire drawing device, carrying out vitrification and melting treatment on the raw materials by using a heating device, and then carrying out spinning forming to obtain the glass fiber; and then obtaining the raw spinning cake through an infiltration silk collecting device. Further, the glass fiber raw material comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
SiO 2 53-60%；
Al 2 O 3 14-20%；
CaO 10-16%；
MgO 5-10%；
SrO 0.5-1%；
Yb 2 O 3 1-1.5%；
Gd 2 O 3 1-1.5%；
Y 2 O 3 1-1.5%；
B 2 O 3 1-2%；
ZnO 2-3%；
R 2 O 0.4-2%；
yb of said 2 O 3 、Gd 2 O 3 、Y 2 O 3 1-1.5, wherein the weight ratio is 1; r 2 O is Na 2 O、K 2 O and Li 2 A mixture of O; wherein Na 2 O stands for R 2 15-22% of the total weight of O, K 2 O and Li 2 The weight ratio of O is 1. Preferably, the glass fiber raw material comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
SiO 2 55-57%；
Al 2 O 3 14-20%；
CaO 10-16%；
MgO 5-7%；
SrO 0.5-1%；
Yb 2 O 3 1-1.5%；
Gd 2 O 3 1-1.5%；
Y 2 O 3 1-1.5%；
B 2 O 3 1-1.8%；
ZnO 2-3%；
R 2 O 1-2%。
preferably, the CaO, mgO and Al are 2 O 3 The weight ratio of (1); yb of said 2 O 3 、Gd 2 O 3 、Y 2 O 3 The weight ratio is 1. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the production system of the present invention comprises: the device comprises a mixing device, a heating device, a tank furnace wire drawing device and an infiltration wire collecting device; glass fiber raw materials are uniformly mixed through a mixing device, the glass fiber raw materials are conveyed to a tank furnace wire drawing device through air, the tank furnace wire drawing device is heated through a heating device, the raw materials are melted, then wire drawing forming is carried out, glass fiber precursors are obtained, then an impregnating compound is coated on the surface, and raw silk cakes are obtained after silk collection. The raw materials in the glass fiber provided by the invention have synergistic effect, so that the prepared glass fiber not only has a lower thermal expansion coefficient, but also has a higher elastic modulus and tensile strength. SiO in the invention 2 The skeleton body forming the glass is a network forming substance, and SiO is limited for improving the strength of the glass fiber and ensuring the chemical stability 2 The content is constant. Al (aluminum) 2 O 3 The addition of (2) has influence on the crystallization tendency, stability and mechanical strength of the glass fiber, and the glass fiber is introduced into a silica network, so that the glass structure tends to be stable, and the expansion coefficient is reduced. Meanwhile, a certain content of B is added in the invention 2 O 3 CaO and MgO, by reacting CaO, mgO and Al 2 O 3 In a weight ratio ofThe limitation of (2) enables B, ca and Mg with smaller ionic radius to enter a network, increases the compactness of the system and reduces the expansion coefficient. Meanwhile, the addition of the components can reduce the viscosity of the glass to a certain degree, reduce the melting temperature of the glass and improve the strength to a certain degree. In the present invention, yb is also defined 2 O 3 、Gd 2 O 3 、Y 2 O 3 The three examples of the dosage of (A) belong to 3-valent cations, and can improve the accumulation of the network to a certain extent, improve the compactness and reduce the expansion coefficient. Meanwhile, the three ions have different ionic radiuses, and the three ions can be effectively prevented from moving in the network through grading of the particle size, so that the mechanical property of the glass fiber is improved. The invention is on SiO 2 And Al 2 O 3 The network is formed by introducing a plurality of ions, and the additive amount of each substance is limited, so that the network is more compact by utilizing the synergistic effect among the ions, and the ions are difficult to move in the network, thereby obtaining the glass fiber composition with lower thermal expansion coefficient and higher mechanical property.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for producing low expansion coefficient glass fibers in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention clearer, the following detailed description is given with reference to specific embodiments. In the present invention, the materials and reagents used are not specifically described, and are commercially available. The invention provides a production system and a production method of glass fibers with low expansion coefficients, and the specific embodiment is as follows.
Example 1
A system for producing low expansion coefficient glass fibers, see fig. 1, comprising: the device comprises a mixing device, a heating device, a tank furnace wire drawing device and an infiltration wire collecting device; the mixing device comprises a raw material tank 1, a stock bin 2, a weigher 3 and a mixing and conveying tank 4, wherein raw materials in the raw material tank 1 are conveyed to the stock bin 2 through pneumatic conveying, the raw materials in the stock bin 2 are weighed by the weigher 3 and then conveyed to the mixing and conveying tank 4 through a pipeline, the raw materials are uniformly mixed through pneumatic conveying, and then the mixture is conveyed to the tank furnace wire drawing device through pulse pneumatic conveying; the tank furnace wire drawing device comprises a unit kiln 5 and an H-shaped passage 6 arranged at the tail end of the unit kiln 5, wherein raw materials are melted into molten glass in the unit kiln 5, then flow to the H-shaped passage 6, flow out from a platinum bushing in the H-shaped passage 6, and are drawn by a wire drawing machine to form fiber monofilaments; the infiltration silk collecting device comprises a monofilament oiling device 7 for coating the fiber monofilaments with the impregnating compound and a silk collecting device 8 for combining the fiber monofilaments, and the fiber monofilaments are collected and drawn and wound into raw silk cakes through a wire drawing machine 9. Further, the mixing device also comprises a pulse pneumatic supply device 10, and the pulse pneumatic supply device 10 is communicated with the raw material tank 1 and the mixing and conveying tank 4 through pipelines. The impulse air force providing device 10 is a commercially available device such as an air compressor. The production system of the present invention comprises: the device comprises a mixing device, a heating device, a tank furnace wire drawing device and an infiltration wire collecting device; glass fiber raw materials are uniformly mixed through a mixing device, the glass fiber raw materials are conveyed to a tank furnace wire drawing device through air, the tank furnace wire drawing device is heated through a heating device, the raw materials are melted, then wire drawing forming is carried out, glass fiber precursors are obtained, then an impregnating compound is coated on the surface, and raw silk cakes are obtained after silk collection. Further, the heating device may comprise a boiler 11 using natural gas as fuel and a heat exchanger 12 between the boiler 11 and the tank furnace drawing device for supplying heat to the tank furnace drawing device to melt the raw material. The boiler 11 may also be connected to an exhaust gas treatment device 14 to prevent pollution. Further, the production system can also include a waste silk recovery device, the waste silk recovery device includes a waste silk blending tank 13 which enables waste silk to be uniformly mixed, and the waste silk blending tank 13 is communicated to the unit kiln 5 through a pipeline to perform melting treatment on the waste silk. Furthermore, the pulse pneumatic supply device 10 is also communicated with a waste silk mixing tank 13, waste silks are mixed and conveyed into the unit kiln 5 through pneumatic force, the waste silks are recycled, and the cost is saved. The invention also provides a production method of the low-expansion-coefficient glass fiber, and the production system utilizing the low-expansion-coefficient glass fiber comprises the following steps: weighing raw materials of glass fibers by using the mixing device according to a proportion (example 1 in table 1), conveying the raw materials into the tank furnace wire drawing device, vitrifying and melting the raw materials by using a heating device, and then spinning and forming to obtain the glass fibers; then obtaining a raw silk cake through an infiltration silk collecting device, wherein the impregnating compound is the impregnating compound in patent CN109320100A embodiment 3, and the amount of the impregnating compound is 0.1% of the weight of the glass fiber; the prepared glass fibers were subjected to performance tests, and the results are shown in Table 3.
Examples 2 to 6
The raw materials were weighed in accordance with the formulations of examples 2 to 6 in Table 1, and the other conditions were the same as in example 1.
To further illustrate the beneficial effects of the present application, a comparative example was constructed as follows, using example 5 as an example only, for reasons of space. Comparative examples 1 to 10 the raw materials were weighed in the formulations of comparative examples 1 to 10 in Table 2, and the other conditions were the same as in example 5. The glass fibers prepared in comparative examples 1 to 10 were subjected to property tests, and the results are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 1
| Serial number | SiO 2 | Al 2 O 3 | CaO | MgO | SrO | Yb 2 O 3 | Gd 2 O 3 | Y 2 O 3 | B 2 O 3 | ZnO | Na 2 O | K 2 O | Li 2 O |
| Example 1 | 53 | 15 | 15.4 | 8 | 0.5 | 1 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 2 | 2 | 0.1 | 0.15 | 0.15 |
| Example 2 | 60 | 14 | 10 | 6 | 0.6 | 1.2 | 1 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 2.5 | 0.3 | 0.85 | 0.85 |
| Example 3 | 55 | 15 | 11 | 10 | 0.6 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 0.14 | 0.28 | 0.28 |
| Example 4 | 57 | 20 | 10 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0.22 | 0.39 | 0.39 |
| Example 5 | 55 | 14 | 16 | 5.1 | 0.5 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.8 | 2 | 0.3 | 0.85 | 0.85 |
| Example 6 | 56 | 14 | 12 | 6.7 | 0.8 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 3 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.6 |
TABLE 2
| Serial number | SiO 2 | Al 2 O 3 | CaO | MgO | SrO | Yb 2 O 3 | Gd 2 O 3 | Y 2 O 3 | B 2 O 3 | ZnO | Na 2 O | K 2 O | Li 2 O |
| Comparative example 1 | 55 | 14 | 16 | 5.1 | 0.5 | -- | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 2 | 0.3 | 0.85 | 0.85 |
| Comparative example 2 | 55 | 14 | 16 | 5.1 | 0.5 | 1.8 | -- | 1.8 | 1.8 | 2 | 0.3 | 0.85 | 0.85 |
| Comparative example 3 | 55 | 14 | 16 | 5.1 | 0.5 | 1.8 | 1.8 | -- | 1.8 | 2 | 0.3 | 0.85 | 0.85 |
| Comparative example 4 | 55 | 20.1 | 5 | 10 | 0.5 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.8 | 2 | 0.3 | 0.85 | 0.85 |
| Comparative example 5 | 55 | 12.88 | 22 | 0.22 | 0.5 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.8 | 2 | 0.3 | 0.85 | 0.85 |
| Comparative example 6 | 55 | 14 | 16 | 5.1 | 0.5 | 0.72 | 1.44 | 1.44 | 1.8 | 2 | 0.3 | 0.85 | 0.85 |
| Comparative example 7 | 55 | 14 | 16 | 5.1 | 0.5 | 1.44 | 0.72 | 1.44 | 1.8 | 2 | 0.3 | 0.85 | 0.85 |
| Comparative example 8 | 55 | 14 | 16 | 5.1 | 0.5 | 1.44 | 1.44 | 0.72 | 1.8 | 2 | 0.3 | 0.85 | 0.85 |
| Comparative example 9 | 55 | 14 | 16 | 5.1 | 0.5 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.8 | 2 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| Comparative example 10 | 55 | 14 | 16 | 5.1 | 0.5 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.8 | 2 | 0.2 | 0.9 | 0.9 |
The components of the examples and comparative examples were melted, spun to form glass fibers, and then formed into strands by a drawing machine. The properties were measured and the results are shown in tables 3 and 4, respectively, in which the glass fiber forming temperature (lg 3.0): the temperature at which the viscosity of the glass is 1000 Poise; liquidus temperature of glass: the critical temperature at which the glass starts to crystallize is generally the upper limit of the glass crystallization temperature; Δ T: difference between forming temperature and liquidus temperature; tensile strength of the dipped yarn: measuring by adopting a tensile testing machine according to GB/T20310-2006 manufacture of glass fiber twistless roving impregnated yarn samples and measurement of tensile strength; modulus of elasticity: detecting by a universal electronic testing machine according to an ASTMD2343 standard; coefficient of expansion: the molten glass was melted according to the formulation, poured into a mold, cut into 4 × 25.4mm strips by a cutter, and the coefficient of thermal expansion was measured between room temperature (25 ℃) and 300 ℃ by a thermal expansion meter.
TABLE 3
| Serial number | Fiber forming temperature,. Degree.C | Liquidus temperature,. Degree.C | △T，℃ | Modulus of elasticity, GPa | Tensile strength, MPa | Coefficient of expansion, ppm/. Degree.C |
| Example 1 | 1351 | 1267 | 84 | 92.3 | 3712 | 2.5 |
| Example 2 | 1370 | 1284 | 86 | 94.2 | 3724 | 2.4 |
| Example 3 | 1331 | 1291 | 40 | 95.6 | 3716 | 2.2 |
| Example 4 | 1364 | 1307 | 57 | 98.5 | 3825 | 2.1 |
| Example 5 | 1344 | 1297 | 47 | 99.1 | 3879 | 2.0 |
| Example 6 | 1356 | 1279 | 77 | 97.6 | 3814 | 2.3 |
As can be seen from Table 3, this bookThe invention successfully prepares the glass fiber with low expansion coefficient, the thermal expansion coefficient is as low as 2 ppm/DEG C, and the highest tensile strength can reach 3879MPa. At the same time, in SiO 2 And Al 2 O 3 In the formed network, various ions are introduced, and the synergistic effect among the ions is utilized, so that the network is tighter, the expansion coefficient is reduced, the strength is improved, and meanwhile, the glass fiber forming temperature and the liquidus temperature are lower, and the preparation is convenient.
TABLE 4
| Serial number | Fiber forming temperature,. Degree.C | Liquidus temperature,. Degree.C | △T，℃ | Modulus of elasticity, GPa | Tensile strength, MPa | Coefficient of expansion, ppm/. Degree.C |
| Comparative example 1 | 1354 | 1299 | 55 | 85.2 | 3574 | 3.7 |
| Comparative example 2 | 1347 | 1311 | 36 | 84.3 | 3612 | 3.4 |
| Comparative example 3 | 1365 | 1281 | 84 | 86.1 | 3589 | 3.6 |
| Comparative example 4 | 1361 | 1285 | 76 | 87.2 | 3652 | 2.9 |
| Comparative example 5 | 1349 | 1294 | 55 | 87.4 | 3674 | 3.1 |
| Comparative example 6 | 1355 | 1279 | 76 | 91.4 | 3615 | 3.2 |
| Comparative example 7 | 1346 | 1289 | 57 | 92.2 | 3628 | 2.9 |
| Comparative example 8 | 1354 | 1308 | 46 | 91.7 | 3633 | 3 |
| Comparative example 9 | 1351 | 1309 | 42 | 92.6 | 3714 | 2.7 |
| Comparative example 10 | 1344 | 1301 | 43 | 93.1 | 3702 | 2.9 |
As is clear from tables 1 to 4, yb in the present invention was compared with comparative examples 1 to 3 2 O 3 、Gd 2 O 3 、Y 2 O 3 After any two of the above three are substituted, the obtained composition has a glass fiber forming temperature and a liquidus temperature which are not much different from those of the examples, but has a thermal expansion coefficient which is significantly higher than that of the glass fiber of the present invention, and an elastic modulus and a tensile strength which are much lower than those of the glass fiber of the present invention. This is probably because on the basis of the silica and alumina network of the present invention, B, ca and Mg with smaller ionic radius can enter the network, increasing the system compactness and reducing the expansion coefficient. At the same time, yb 2 O 3 、Gd 2 O 3 、Y 2 O 3 The three examples of the dosage of (A) belong to 3-valent cations, and can improve the accumulation of the network to a certain extent, improve the compactness and reduce the expansion coefficient. Meanwhile, the three ions have different ionic radiuses, and the three ions can be effectively prevented from moving in the network through grading of the particle size, so that the mechanical property of the glass fiber is improved. In comparative examples 4 to 8, caO, mgO and Al were adjusted 2 O 3 And Yb 2 O 3 、Gd 2 O 3 、Y 2 O 3 So as not to fall within the scope of the present invention, the obtained glass fiber has a larger difference in thermal expansion coefficient, elastic modulus and tensile strength than example 5 of the present invention because CaO, mgO and Al are in a specific ratio range 2 O 3 And Yb 2 O 3 、Gd 2 O 3 、Y 2 O 3 The synergistic effect can make the network more compact, reduce the expansion coefficient and improve the strength to a certain extent. In comparative examples 9 to 10, na was adjusted 2 The dosage of O, the thermal expansion coefficient, the elastic modulus and the tensile strength of the obtained glass fiber are all reduced compared with those of the embodiment 5 of the invention; this is because Li 2 O、Na 2 O and the like can greatly accelerate the melting of the glass and improve the chemical stability, the surface tension and the crystallization capacity of the glass. In summary, the present invention is on SiO 2 And Al 2 O 3 The network is formed by introducing various ions, the additive amount of each substance is limited, the synergistic effect among the ions is utilized, the network is more compact, and the ions are difficult to move in the network, so that the ion-doped porous material is obtainedLower coefficient of thermal expansion, higher mechanical properties. The foregoing is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for producing low expansion coefficient glass fiber, characterized in that the production system for low expansion coefficient glass fiber is used for production, and the production system comprises: the device comprises a mixing device, a heating device, a tank furnace wire drawing device and an infiltration wire collecting device;
the mixing device comprises a raw material tank, a stock bin, a weighing device and a mixing and conveying tank, wherein raw materials in the raw material tank are conveyed to the stock bin through pneumatic conveying, the raw materials in the stock bin are weighed by the weighing device and then conveyed to the mixing and conveying tank through a pipeline, the raw materials are uniformly mixed through pneumatic conveying, and then the raw materials are conveyed to the tank furnace wire drawing device through pulse pneumatic conveying;
the tank furnace wire drawing device comprises a unit furnace and an H-shaped passage arranged at the tail end of the unit furnace, wherein the raw materials are melted into molten glass in the unit furnace, then flow to the H-shaped passage, flow out from a platinum bushing in the H-shaped passage, and are drawn by a wire drawing machine to form fiber monofilaments;
the infiltration silk collecting device comprises a monofilament oiling device for coating the fiber monofilaments with an impregnating compound and a silk collecting device for combining the fiber monofilaments, and the fiber monofilaments are collected and drawn by a drawing machine to be wound into a raw silk cake;
the production method of the glass fiber with the low expansion coefficient comprises the following steps: weighing raw materials of the glass fiber by using the mixing device according to a proportion, conveying the raw materials to the tank furnace wire drawing device, carrying out vitrification and melting treatment on the raw materials by using a heating device, and then carrying out spinning forming to obtain the glass fiber; then obtaining raw silk cakes through an infiltration silk collecting device;
the glass fiber raw material comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
SiO 2 53-60%；
Al 2 O 3 14-20%；
CaO 10-16%；
MgO 5-10%；
SrO 0.5-1%；
Yb 2 O 3 1-1.5%；
Gd 2 O 3 1-1.5%；
Y 2 O 3 1-1.5%；
B 2 O 3 1-2%；
ZnO 2-3%；
R 2 O 0.4-2%；
yb of said 2 O 3 、Gd 2 O 3 、Y 2 O 3 1-1.5;
the R is 2 O is Na 2 O、K 2 O and Li 2 A mixture of O; wherein, na 2 O stands for R 2 15-22% of the total weight of O, K 2 O and Li 2 The weight ratio of O is 1; caO, mgO and Al 2 O 3 The weight ratio of (1).
2. The method for producing glass fibers with a low coefficient of expansion as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mixing device further comprises an impulse air supply device which communicates the raw material tank and the mixing and conveying tank through a pipe.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the heating means comprises a natural gas-fueled boiler and a heat exchanger between the boiler and the tank furnace drawing device for supplying heat to the tank furnace drawing device to melt the feedstock.
4. The method for producing glass fiber with low coefficient of expansion as claimed in claim 3, wherein the production system further comprises a waste silk recycling device, the waste silk recycling device comprises a waste silk mixing tank for mixing waste silk uniformly, and the waste silk mixing tank is communicated to the unit kiln through a pipeline for melting the waste silk.
5. The method for producing glass fibers with a low coefficient of expansion as claimed in claim 4, wherein the pulsed air supply device is further connected to a waste silk mixing tank, and waste silk is mixed and conveyed into the unit kiln by air.
6. The method for producing the glass fiber with the low expansion coefficient as claimed in claim 1, wherein the glass fiber raw material comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
SiO 2 55-57%；
Al 2 O 3 14-20%；
CaO 10-16%；
MgO 5-7%；
SrO 0.5-1%；
Yb 2 O 3 1-1.5%；
Gd 2 O 3 1-1.5%；
Y 2 O 3 1-1.5%；
B 2 O 3 1-1.8%；
ZnO 2-3%；
R 2 O -2%。
7. the method of claim 6, wherein the Yb is the glass fiber 2 O 3 、Gd 2 O 3 、Y 2 O 3 The weight ratio is 1.
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