CN113696710A - 基于双离合器的多级混合动力传动装置 - Google Patents

基于双离合器的多级混合动力传动装置 Download PDF

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CN113696710A
CN113696710A CN202111006968.1A CN202111006968A CN113696710A CN 113696710 A CN113696710 A CN 113696710A CN 202111006968 A CN202111006968 A CN 202111006968A CN 113696710 A CN113696710 A CN 113696710A
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shaft
gear
driving
output shaft
clutch
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CN113696710B (zh
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彭飞
尹文杰
秦川
李江华
张兴江
马连
汪国建
罗瑞田
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Chongqing Tsingshan Industrial Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing

Abstract

一种基于双离合器的多级混合动力传动装置,传动轴、第一输出轴、第二输出轴、驱动电机的电机轴相互平行支承于混合动力传动装置箱体内,输入轴与传动轴位于同一轴心线上,第一输出轴穿过第一空心轴形成同心轴,通过轴承与第一空心轴滑动配合,第一输出轴与第一空心轴通过第一离合器连接,第二输出轴穿过第二空心轴形成同心轴,通过轴承与第二空心轴滑动配合,第二输出轴与第二空心轴通过第二离合器连接;输入轴一端与发动机的曲轴连接,另一端通过行星齿轮机构与传动轴连接,输入轴与行星架周向固定,传动轴与行星齿轮机构的齿圈周向固定,行星齿轮机构的行星轮设置在齿圈与太阳轮之间,发电机的转子周向固定在行星齿轮机构的太阳轮轴上。

Description

基于双离合器的多级混合动力传动装置
技术领域
本发明涉及混合动力变速器领域,具体涉及一种基于双离合器的多级混合动力传动装置。
背景技术
混合动力汽车是指车辆驱动系统由两个或多个能同时运转的单个驱动系统联合组成的车辆,车辆的行驶功率依据实际的车辆行驶状态由驱动系统独立提供或共同提供。
目前,大部分混合动力机动车都是采用油电混合动力装置提供动力,而很多汽车厂商开发的油电混合动力装置都采用了双电机结构,即油电混合动力装置包括从燃油得到动力的发动机和依靠电力运转的驱动电机以外,还增加了一个发电机,发电机利用机动车运行的动力发电,为机动车提供电能,发动机停机后,利用驱动电机将电能转换成机械能驱动机动车行驶,降低机动车废气排放,保护环境。由此可见,发动机、发电机和驱动电机三者之间的连接和控制对混合动力车辆的行驶性能有直接影响。
公开号为CN 110962573 A的专利《混合动力驱动系统及车辆》公开了一种配有双电机的混合动力驱动系统,该混合动力驱动系统包括发动机、第一电机、第二电机、电机齿轮、第一轴、1挡主动齿轮、离合器、2挡主动齿轮、第二轴、第三轴、1挡从动齿轮、同步器、2挡从动齿轮、主减主动齿轮及主减从动齿轮,通过控制离合器及同步器的接合状态,可以实现发动机的两挡速比及纯电驱动两挡速比,实现电机纯电驱动、串联驱动、并联驱动及发动机直接驱动等工作模式,虽然能够使发动机工作在具有较高燃油经济性的区间,在保证机动车动力性能的同时,还提高了车辆燃油经济性,但是,由于结构设置只有两个挡位,通过两个挡位适应燃油和电力的经济区间,车辆燃油经济性并未充分发挥,且在发动机动力传递的两挡速比切换过程,需离合器和同步器配合参与,而由于同步器结构特性,会导致控制过程复杂且极易产生动力中断,影响驾驶性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术对应的不足,提供一种基于双离合器的多级混合动力传动装置,不使用同步器与离合器配合参与换挡过程,采用行星齿轮系统用于动力分流,模拟无级变速的更多挡位的实现,在保证机动车动力性能且提高车辆燃油经济性的同时,还避免了由同步器导致的换挡过程中极易产生的动力中断,提高机动车的驾驶性能。
本发明的目的是采用下述方案实现的:一种基于双离合器的多级混合动力传动装置,包括发动机、发电机、驱动电机、差速器,一传动轴、第一输出轴、第二输出轴、所述驱动电机的电机轴相互平行支承于混合动力传动装置箱体内,一输入轴与传动轴位于同一轴心线上,所述第一输出轴穿过第一空心轴形成同心轴,通过轴承与第一空心轴滑动配合,所述第一输出轴与第一空心轴通过第一离合器连接,所述第二输出轴穿过第二空心轴形成同心轴,通过轴承与第二空心轴滑动配合,所述第二输出轴与第二空心轴通过第二离合器连接;
所述输入轴一端与发动机的曲轴连接,另一端通过一行星齿轮机构与传动轴连接,所述输入轴与行星齿轮机构的行星架周向固定,所述传动轴与行星齿轮机构的齿圈周向固定,所述行星齿轮机构的行星轮设置在齿圈与太阳轮之间,所述发电机的转子周向固定在行星齿轮机构的太阳轮轴上;
所述传动轴上周向固定设有第一从动齿轮、第三从动齿轮、第五从动齿轮,所述驱动电机的电机轴上周向固定设有第五主动齿轮;
所述第一输出轴上周向固定设有第二主动齿轮,所述第一空心轴上周向固定设有第一主动齿轮,所述第一离合器的主动摩擦盘与第一主动齿轮连接,所述第一离合器的从动摩擦盘周向固定在第一输出轴上;
所述第二输出轴上周向固定设有第四主动齿轮,所述第二空心轴上周向固定设有第三主动齿轮,所述第二离合器的主动摩擦盘与第三主动齿轮连接,所述第二离合器的从动摩擦盘周向固定在第二输出轴上;
所述第二主动齿轮、第四主动齿轮分别与差速器的主动减速齿轮啮合,所述第一主动齿轮与第一从动齿轮啮合,所述第三主动齿轮与第三从动齿轮啮合,所述第五主动齿轮与第五从动齿轮啮合。
采用上述方案,所述发动机通过行星齿轮机构对动力进行分流,所述发电机的转子周向固定在行星齿轮机构的太阳轮轴上,所述驱动电机的电机轴上周向固定设有第五主动齿轮,所述第五主动齿轮与第五从动齿轮啮合,所述第二主动齿轮、第四主动齿轮分别与差速器的主动减速齿轮啮合,利用发动机/驱动电机的动力发电或驱动车辆。
所述驱动电机可实现纯电驱动、能量回收和混合动力驱动的功能;所述发电机的主要功能是独立发电和启动发动机的功能,其辅助功能是可在动力需求条件下辅助驱动电机提供动力。
本发明的优点如下:
① 本发明结构紧凑、简单,功能部件的作用明确,成本低,有利于混合动力车辆的集成匹配;
② 本发明的技术方案扩展性好,可实现更合理的模块化、平台化开发,能够适应更多车型的要求;
③ 本发明的技术方案采用了用于动力分流的行星齿轮系统,有效减少了同步器及齿轮副数量,在同样的整车布置空间要求下可实现更多的挡位布置,更利于乘用车的整车空间布置和动力性经济性能的提升;
④ 本发明的技术方案采用了用于动力分流的行星齿轮系统,与双离合器相互配合在实现更多挡位的同时,优化了传统DCT结构的换挡性能,有效解决了传统DCT结构的换挡困难、换挡冲击、换挡噪音等问题;
⑤ 本发明的技术方案采用了采用驱动电机周向布置方式,有效减少轴向空间,布置更紧凑,更有利于正常空间布置。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
如图1所示,一种基于双离合器的多级混合动力传动装置,包括发动机1、发电机2、驱动电机3、差速器4,一传动轴Z2、第一输出轴Z3、第二输出轴Z4、所述驱动电机3的电机轴Z5相互平行支承于混合动力传动装置箱体内,一输入轴Z1与传动轴Z2位于同一轴心线上,所述第一输出轴Z3穿过第一空心轴R3形成同心轴,通过轴承与第一空心轴R3滑动配合,所述第一输出轴Z3与第一空心轴R3通过第一离合器C1连接,所述第二输出轴Z4穿过第二空心轴R4形成同心轴,通过轴承与第二空心轴R4滑动配合,所述第二输出轴Z4与第二空心轴R4通过第二离合器C2连接;
所述输入轴Z1一端与发动机1的曲轴连接,另一端通过一行星齿轮机构与传动轴Z2连接,所述输入轴Z1与行星齿轮机构的行星架X4周向固定,所述传动轴Z2与行星齿轮机构的齿圈X3周向固定,所述行星齿轮机构的行星轮X2设置在齿圈X3与太阳轮X1之间,所述发电机2的转子周向固定在行星齿轮机构的太阳轮轴上;
所述传动轴Z2上周向固定设有第一从动齿轮S1、第三从动齿轮S3、第五从动齿轮S5,所述驱动电机3的电机轴Z5上周向固定设有第五主动齿轮G5;
所述第一输出轴Z3上周向固定设有第二主动齿轮G2,所述第一空心轴R3上周向固定设有第一主动齿轮G1,所述第一离合器C1的主动摩擦盘与第一主动齿轮G1连接,所述第一离合器C1的从动摩擦盘周向固定在第一输出轴Z3上;
所述第二输出轴Z4上周向固定设有第四主动齿轮G4,所述第二空心轴R4上周向固定设有第三主动齿轮G3,所述第二离合器C2的主动摩擦盘与第三主动齿轮G3连接,所述第二离合器C2的从动摩擦盘周向固定在第二输出轴Z4上;
所述第二主动齿轮G2、第四主动齿轮G4分别与差速器4的主动减速齿轮S24啮合,所述第一主动齿轮G1与第一从动齿轮S1啮合,所述第三主动齿轮G3与第三从动齿轮S3啮合,所述第五主动齿轮G5与第五从动齿轮S5啮合。
所述差速器4的半轴Z6、半轴Z7均通过轴承支承于混合动力传动装置箱体内,主动减速齿轮S24与第二主动齿轮G2、第四主动齿轮G4分别组成差速器4主减齿轮副;
当然,可以根据结构和空间布置要求取消第五主动齿轮G5与第五从动齿轮S5组成的齿轮副,将驱动电机3的电机轴Z5直接与传动轴Z2固定连接,使电机轴Z5与传动轴Z2位于同一轴心线上。
基于双离合器的多级混合动力传动装置可实现多个动力传动链,本实施例中,该多级混合动力传动装置的运行动力传递链如下:
纯电模式:
驱动电机3驱动,通过结合第一离合器C1或第二离合器C2,分别通过第二主动齿轮G2/第四主动齿轮G4与差速器4的主动减速齿轮S24传递动力,实现两个挡位的动力传动输出;
混动模式:
发动机1的动力通过调节发电机2的发电量,使行星齿轮机构实现多个无极挡位并从齿圈X3输出到传动轴Z2,通过结合第一离合器C1/第二离合器C2,分别通过第二主动齿轮G2/第四主动齿轮G4与差速器4的主动减速齿轮S24传递动力,实现多个模拟挡的动力传动输出;
驱动电机3驱动,通过结合第一离合器C1/第二离合器C2,分别通过第二主动齿轮G2/第四主动齿轮G4与差速器4的主动减速齿轮S24传递动力,实现两个挡位的动力传动输出;
发电机2根据车辆行驶的动力需求,选择为电池发电或参与辅助驱动车辆;
上述发动机1、发电机2、驱动电机3的动力通过功率叠加实现混合动力驱动;
发电模式:
发电机2可以通过电池电量或驱动电机3的电量需求,调节发电功率实现发电。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例,并不用于限制本发明,本领域的技术人员在不脱离本发明的精神的前提下,对本发明进行的改动均落入本发明的保护范围。

Claims (1)

1.一种基于双离合器的多级混合动力传动装置,包括发动机(1)、发电机(2)、驱动电机(3)、差速器(4),其特征在于,一传动轴(Z2)、第一输出轴(Z3)、第二输出轴(Z4)、所述驱动电机(3)的电机轴(Z5)相互平行支承于混合动力传动装置箱体内,一输入轴(Z1)与传动轴(Z2)位于同一轴心线上,所述第一输出轴(Z3)穿过第一空心轴(R3)形成同心轴,通过轴承与第一空心轴(R3)滑动配合,所述第一输出轴(Z3)与第一空心轴(R3)通过第一离合器(C1)连接,所述第二输出轴(Z4)穿过第二空心轴(R4)形成同心轴,通过轴承与第二空心轴(R4)滑动配合,所述第二输出轴(Z4)与第二空心轴(R4)通过第二离合器(C2)连接;
所述输入轴(Z1)一端与发动机(1)的曲轴连接,另一端通过一行星齿轮机构与传动轴(Z2)连接,所述输入轴(Z1)与行星齿轮机构的行星架(X4)周向固定,所述传动轴(Z2)与行星齿轮机构的齿圈(X3)周向固定,所述行星齿轮机构的行星轮(X2)设置在齿圈(X3)与太阳轮(X1)之间,所述发电机(2)的转子周向固定在行星齿轮机构的太阳轮轴上;
所述传动轴(Z2)上周向固定设有第一从动齿轮(S1)、第三从动齿轮(S3)、第五从动齿轮(S5),所述驱动电机(3)的电机轴(Z5)上周向固定设有第五主动齿轮(G5);
所述第一输出轴(Z3)上周向固定设有第二主动齿轮(G2),所述第一空心轴(R3)上周向固定设有第一主动齿轮(G1),所述第一离合器(C1)的主动摩擦盘与第一主动齿轮(G1)连接,所述第一离合器(C1)的从动摩擦盘周向固定在第一输出轴(Z3)上;
所述第二输出轴(Z4)上周向固定设有第四主动齿轮(G4),所述第二空心轴(R4)上周向固定设有第三主动齿轮(G3),所述第二离合器(C2)的主动摩擦盘与第三主动齿轮(G3)连接,所述第二离合器(C2)的从动摩擦盘周向固定在第二输出轴(Z4)上;
所述第二主动齿轮(G2)、第四主动齿轮(G4)分别与差速器(4)的主动减速齿轮(S24)啮合,所述第一主动齿轮(G1)与第一从动齿轮(S1)啮合,所述第三主动齿轮(G3)与第三从动齿轮(S3)啮合,所述第五主动齿轮(G5)与第五从动齿轮(S5)啮合。
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