CN113695588A - High-activity zero-valent iron composite material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
High-activity zero-valent iron composite material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical group Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002554 Fe(NO3)3·9H2O Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000904 FeC2O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021577 Iron(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 20
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JXTHNDFMNIQAHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)Cl JXTHNDFMNIQAHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960005215 dichloroacetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011363 dried mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940044631 ferric chloride hexahydrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical group [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000014 iron salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NQXWGWZJXJUMQB-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Cl-].Cl[Fe+]Cl NQXWGWZJXJUMQB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- FWFGVMYFCODZRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidanium;hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound O.OS(O)(=O)=O FWFGVMYFCODZRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003828 vacuum filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/16—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
- B22F9/30—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with decomposition of metal compounds, e.g. by pyrolysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/70—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by reduction
- C02F1/705—Reduction by metals
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compounds Of Iron (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a zero-valent iron composite material, which comprises the following steps: (1) mixing biomass with iron salt to obtain a mixture; (2) and (3) after the mixture is dried, applying 50-400V direct current voltage to shock the mixture for 2-600 ms, and obtaining the zero-valent iron composite material after the shock. The invention also discloses a zero-valent iron composite material prepared by the preparation method of the zero-valent iron composite material and application thereof. According to the preparation method of the zero-valent iron composite material, a one-step method is adopted, the zero-valent iron composite material can be generated only in 2-600 ms, and the production efficiency is greatly improved; the prepared zero-valent iron composite material has small particle size, high activity and strong stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of environment repairing materials, in particular to a high-activity zero-valent iron composite material and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Zero-valent iron is an inexpensive and effective reducing agent that can be reduced to remove a variety of pollutants from wastewater, including chlorinated/nitro/formyl organics, heavy metals, and dyes.
The prior preparation methods for preparing zero-valent iron include a liquid phase reduction method, a gas phase reduction method and a mechanical ball milling method. Liquid phase reduction method using ferric chloride hexahydrate or heptahydrateFerrous sulfate hydrate is used as precursor and NaBH is used4Providing a reducing atmosphere to prepare the zero-valent iron particles. But NaBH4The reduction method has long synthesis time (30-60 min) and the price of the reducing agent is higher, so that the production cost is increased, and a large amount of hydrogen generated in the synthesis process hinders the large-scale production.
The mechanical ball milling method is to decompose or recombine blocky iron into nano-scale iron powder by a physical or chemical method, and the operation time is long (more than 1 h). Although the ball milling method has high yield, low cost and simple process, the prepared particles are rapidly aggregated into micron-sized or larger particles in water, and the reaction activity of the zero-valent iron material is reduced.
The gas phase reduction method mainly takes hydrogen or hydrogen mixed gas as a reducing atmosphere and takes iron salt as a precursor to prepare the zero-valent iron material, and the operation time is longer (more than 1 h). During the reduction calcination process, the metal is easy to melt, so that the final product is agglomerated, and the reactivity of the synthesized zero-valent iron is reduced.
The conventional zero-valent iron material has large particle size, influences the use effect of the zero-valent iron to a certain extent, and has slow removal rate. In addition, the larger particles make the zero-valent iron material unsuitable for the environment such as soil, which has certain permeability requirement on the material. Therefore, reducing the grain size of zero-valent iron is one of the main research targets of zero-valent iron materials.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the preparation method of the high-activity zero-valent iron composite material, which adopts a one-step method, can generate the zero-valent iron composite material only within 2-600 ms, and greatly improves the production efficiency.
The invention also aims to provide the zero-valent iron composite material prepared by the preparation method of the high-activity zero-valent iron composite material, which has small particle size and high activity.
The invention further aims to provide application of the high-activity zero-valent iron composite material.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a high-activity zero-valent iron composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing biomass with iron salt to obtain a mixture;
(2) and (3) after the mixture is dried, applying 50-400V direct current voltage to shock the mixture for 2-600 ms, and obtaining the zero-valent iron composite material after the shock.
Preferably, in the step (2), the mixture is placed in a quartz tube, and the mixture in the quartz tube is placed between two electrodes connected with a direct current power supply for electric shock.
Preferably, the biomass is agricultural and forestry waste.
Preferably, the iron salt is FeCl3·6H2O、FeCl2·4H2O、Fe(NO3)3·9H2O or FeC2O4·2H2O。
Preferably, the mass ratio of the biomass to the iron salt is 1: (0.1-2).
Preferably, the step (1) of mixing the biomass with iron salt specifically comprises: mixing by mechanical grinding or adopting the following modes:
adding the biomass and iron salt into a solvent, and ultrasonically mixing for 20-40 min.
Preferably, the solvent in step (1) is absolute ethyl alcohol.
Preferably, the biomass has a particle size of less than 75 microns; the particle size of the iron salt is less than 75 microns.
A high-activity zero-valent iron composite material is prepared by the preparation method of the zero-valent iron composite material.
The high-activity zero-valent iron composite material is used for reducing and removing pollutants in water or soil.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
according to the invention, biomass and ferric salt are mixed, instantaneous high-voltage electric shock is directly carried out on the mixture, under the action of continuous 2-600 ms of 50-400V direct-current voltage, instantaneous ultrahigh temperature and thermal vibration cracking reaction are generated, and a series of physicochemical reactions such as bond breaking and the like are generated between the biomass and ferric salt, so that zero-valent iron particles with small particle size and high activity are formed; meanwhile, organic vapor generated by biomass gasification is deposited on the surface of the zero-valent iron particles, so that the stability of the zero-valent iron composite material is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) the preparation method of the high-activity zero-valent iron composite material can generate the zero-valent iron composite material only in 2-600 ms, and greatly improves the production efficiency.
(2) The zero-valent iron composite material prepared by the preparation method of the high-activity zero-valent iron composite material has small particle size and high activity, and compared with the zero-valent iron composite material prepared by the traditional preparation method of the zero-valent iron composite material, the removal efficiency of pollutants such as heavy metal ions, organic matters and the like is greatly improved.
(3) The preparation method of the high-activity zero-valent iron composite material has the advantages of simple operation steps and low production cost.
(4) The zero-valent iron composite material prepared by the preparation method of the high-activity zero-valent iron composite material has high stability, and because organic vapor generated by biomass gasification is deposited on the surface of zero-valent iron particles in the preparation process, the stability of the zero-valent iron composite material is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the high-activity zero-valent iron composite material prepared in examples 1 to 3 of the present invention for 10mg/L Cr6+The removal effect map of (1).
FIG. 2 shows the high activity zero-valent iron composite material prepared in example 3, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 of the present invention to 10mg/L Cr6+The removal effect map of (1).
Fig. 3 is an energy spectrum (Fe) of the high-activity zero-valent iron composite prepared in example 3.
Fig. 4 is an energy spectrum (Fe) of the high-activity zero-valent iron composite prepared in comparative example 2.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example 1
Sawdust and FeCl3·6H2And (3) mixing the O uniformly by adopting a dry method, placing the mixture in a quartz tube, and placing the quartz tube between two electrodes connected with a direct-current voltage source. Regulating the output direct current voltage to 150V, and setting the time to be 50 ms; and opening a starting switch, and obtaining the zero-valent iron composite material after 50 ms. When the adding amount of the material is 1g/L, the material is added to Cr in water6+The removal efficiency (initial concentration of 10mg/L) was 90.3% after 1h, and the removal effect curve is shown in FIG. 1 (corresponding to 150V).
In this example, wood chips and FeCl3·6H2The mass ratio of O is 1: 0.1.
in this embodiment, the wood chips and FeCl3·6H2The particle sizes of O are all less than 75 microns.
This example was conducted by mixing wood chips with FeCl3·6H2O, directly carrying out instantaneous high-voltage electric shock on the mixture, generating a series of physicochemical reactions such as instantaneous ultrahigh temperature and thermal cracking reaction under the action of continuous 50ms of 150V direct current voltage, and generating bond breaking between biomass and ferric salt, thereby forming zero-valent iron particles with small particle size and high activity; meanwhile, organic vapor generated by biomass gasification is deposited on the surface of the zero-valent iron particles, so that the stability of the zero-valent iron composite material is improved.
Example 2
Sawdust and FeCl3·6H2Adding O into absolute ethyl alcohol, ultrasonically mixing for 30min, placing in a quartz tube, and drying in a vacuum drying oven at 60 ℃. And putting the dried mixture between two electrodes connected with a direct current voltage source. Regulating the output direct-current voltage to 200V, and setting the time to be 50 ms; and opening a starting switch, and obtaining the zero-valent iron composite material after 50 ms. When the adding amount of the material is 1g/L, the material is added to Cr in water6+The removal efficiency (initial concentration of 10mg/L) was 93.5% after 1h, and the removal effect curve is shown in FIG. 1 (corresponding to 200V). When the addition amount of the material is 1g/L, the removal rate of dichloroacetic acid (the initial concentration is 15.7mg/L) in water is 62.8 percent after 72 hours.
In this example, wood chips and FeCl3·6H2The mass ratio of O is 1: 2.
in this embodiment, the wood chips and FeCl3·6H2The particle sizes of O are all less than 75 microns.
This example is performed by aligning wood chips with FeCl3·6H2Performing instantaneous high-voltage electric shock on the mixture of O, generating instantaneous ultrahigh temperature and thermal vibration cracking reaction under the action of 200V direct current voltage lasting for 50ms, and generating a series of physicochemical reactions such as bond breaking and the like between biomass and ferric salt so as to form zero-valent iron particles with small particle size and high activity; meanwhile, organic vapor generated by biomass gasification is deposited on the surface of the zero-valent iron particles, so that the stability of the zero-valent iron composite material is improved.
Example 3
Sawdust and FeCl3·6H2And O, uniformly mixing, placing the mixture in a quartz tube, and placing the quartz tube between two electrodes connected with a direct current voltage source. Regulating the output direct-current voltage to 250V, and setting the time to be 50 ms; and opening a starting switch, and obtaining the zero-valent iron composite material after 50 ms. When the adding amount of the material is 1g/L, the material is added to Cr in water6+The removal efficiency (initial concentration of 10mg/L) was 95.6% after 1h, and the removal effect curve is shown in FIG. 1 (corresponding to 250V).
In this example, wood chips and FeCl3·6H2The mass ratio of O is 1: 1.
in this embodiment, the wood chips and FeCl3·6H2The particle sizes of O are all less than 75 microns.
This example is performed by aligning wood chips with FeCl3·6H2Performing instantaneous high-voltage electric shock on the mixture of O, generating instantaneous ultrahigh temperature and thermal vibration cracking reaction under the action of continuous 50ms of 250V direct current voltage, and generating a series of physicochemical reactions such as bond breaking and the like between the biomass and the ferric salt so as to form zero-valent iron particles with small particle size and high activity; meanwhile, organic vapor generated by biomass gasification is deposited on the surface of the zero-valent iron particles, so that the stability of the zero-valent iron composite material is improved.
Comparative example 1 (conventional NaBH)4Liquid phase reduction process
Firstly, oxygen-free deionized water is used for respectively preparing FeCl of 0.01mol/L3·6H2O solution 150mL and 0.04mol/L NaBH4150mL of the solution. In a nitrogen atmosphere, FeCl3·6H2Mixing the O solution with equal mass of wood chips, stirring thoroughly in a three-neck flask, and maintaining for 20 min. Then the prepared NaBH is added4The solution was added dropwise to the mixture at a rate of 10mL/min, and the reaction was continued with stirring for 30 min. Repeatedly washing black precipitate obtained after the reaction by using anaerobic deionized water, repeatedly washing by using vacuum filtration and deoxidized absolute ethyl alcohol, and finally drying in vacuum to obtain a zero-valent iron material (NaBH)4Reduction). When the adding amount of the material is 1g/L, the material is added to Cr in water6+The removal efficiency (initial concentration of 10mg/L) was 64.8% after 1 h.
In this comparative example, wood chips and FeCl3·6H2The mass ratio of O is 1: 1.
in this comparative example, the wood chips and FeCl3·6H2The particle sizes of O are all less than 75 microns.
Comparative example 2 (gas phase heating reduction method)
Sawdust and FeCl3·6H2After O is uniformly mixed, the obtained mixture is put into a porcelain ark (the length is 50mm, the width is 28mm), and the porcelain ark is placed into a tube furnace to be pyrolyzed in a hydrogen atmosphere, wherein the pyrolysis temperature is 600 ℃, and the pyrolysis temperature is maintained for 3h, and the gas flow is 100 mL/min; after the pyrolysis reaction, cooling the obtained product to room temperature, and taking out to obtain the zero-valent iron material (H) prepared by the method2Reduction). When the adding amount of the material is 1g/L, the material is added to Cr in water6+The removal efficiency (initial concentration of 10mg/L) was 31.1% after 1 h.
In this comparative example, wood chips and FeCl3·6H2The mass ratio of O is 1: 1.
in this comparative example, the wood chips and FeCl3·6H2The particle sizes of O are all less than 75 microns.
The removal effects of the zero-valent iron composite materials prepared in the embodiment 3 and the comparative examples 1-2 on 10mg/L Cr6+ are compared:
example 3, comparative examples 1 to 2 of prepared zero-valent iron composite material for 10mg/L Cr6+The removal curve of (2) is shown in FIG. 2, and it is understood that the sample of example 3 is against Cr in comparison with comparative examples 1 and 26+Has higher reduction efficiency. Therefore, the sample of example 3 has higher reactivity.
The results of the energy spectrum test of the zero-valent iron composite prepared in example 3 and comparative example 2 are compared:
the results of the spectrum test of the samples prepared in example 3 and comparative example 2 are shown in FIGS. 3-4, respectively, and it can be seen that the sample of example 3 has a smaller nano zero-valent iron particle size and a more uniform distribution of zero-valent iron, and thus has higher reactivity and higher Cr content than the sample of comparative example 26+The reduction effect is better.
In the above embodiment, FeCl3·6H2O may also be FeCl2·4H2O、Fe(NO3)3·9H2O or FeC2O4·2H2And iron salts such as O.
In the above embodiment, the wood chips can also be other vegetation biomass such as other agricultural and forestry waste.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the high-activity zero-valent iron composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) mixing biomass with iron salt to obtain a mixture;
(2) and (3) after the mixture is dried, applying 50-400V direct current voltage to shock the mixture for 2-600 ms, and obtaining the zero-valent iron composite material after the shock.
2. The method for preparing a high-activity zero-valent iron composite material according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the mixture is placed in a quartz tube, and the mixture in the quartz tube is placed between two electrodes connected with a direct current power supply for electric shock.
3. The method for preparing the high-activity zero-valent iron composite material according to claim 1, wherein the biomass is agricultural and forestry waste.
4. The method for preparing the high-activity zero-valent iron composite material according to claim 1, wherein the iron salt is FeCl3·6H2O、FeCl2·4H2O、Fe(NO3)3·9H2O or FeC2O4·2H2O。
5. The preparation method of the high-activity zero-valent iron composite material according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the mass ratio of the biomass to the iron salt is 1: (0.1-2).
6. The preparation method of the high-activity zero-valent iron composite material according to claim 1, wherein the step (1) of mixing the biomass with the iron salt comprises: mixing by mechanical grinding or adopting the following modes:
adding biomass and iron salt into a solvent, ultrasonically mixing for 20-40 min, and then drying in vacuum.
7. The method for preparing the high-activity zero-valent iron composite material according to claim 6, wherein the solvent in the step (1) is absolute ethyl alcohol.
8. The method for preparing the high-activity zero-valent iron composite material according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the biomass is less than 75 microns; the particle size of the iron salt is less than 75 microns.
9. A high-activity zero-valent iron composite material prepared by the preparation method of the high-activity zero-valent iron composite material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The use of the high activity zero valent iron composite of claim 9 for the reductive removal of contaminants from water or soil.
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