CN113692860B - Compression force and bale rule rate control mechanism and control method of square baler - Google Patents
Compression force and bale rule rate control mechanism and control method of square baler Download PDFInfo
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- CN113692860B CN113692860B CN202110976877.4A CN202110976877A CN113692860B CN 113692860 B CN113692860 B CN 113692860B CN 202110976877 A CN202110976877 A CN 202110976877A CN 113692860 B CN113692860 B CN 113692860B
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- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 130
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
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- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F15/00—Baling presses for straw, hay or the like
- A01F15/08—Details
- A01F15/0825—Regulating or controlling density or shape of the bale
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F15/00—Baling presses for straw, hay or the like
- A01F15/08—Details
- A01F15/0841—Drives for balers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F15/00—Baling presses for straw, hay or the like
- A01F15/08—Details
- A01F15/10—Feeding devices for the crop material e.g. precompression devices
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F15/00—Baling presses for straw, hay or the like
- A01F15/08—Details
- A01F15/14—Tying devices specially adapted for baling presses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
Abstract
The invention discloses a compression force and bale regulation control mechanism and a control method of a square baler, wherein the square baler comprises a frame surrounded by four fixed longitudinal beams, a top side pressurizing plate, a bottom side fixing plate, a left side pressurizing plate and a right side pressurizing plate are respectively arranged on four side surfaces of the frame, the top side pressurizing plate, the bottom side fixing plate, the left side pressurizing plate, the right side pressurizing plate and the four fixed longitudinal beams enclose a two-end through pressurizing density chamber, the bottom side fixing plate is fixed on a frame, the same ends of the top side pressurizing plate, the left side pressurizing plate and the right side pressurizing plate are rotatably arranged on the frame through rotating shafts and can be driven by a density regulating mechanism to rotate, wherein the top side pressurizing plate can rotate on a vertical surface, and the left side pressurizing plate and the right side pressurizing plate can rotate on a horizontal plane. The scheme is applied to the square baler, and the bale regular rate of the square baler can be improved, so that stacking and transportation are facilitated, and transportation cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a mechanism and a method for controlling compressive force and a bale rule rate of a square baler.
Background
The bale density is one of important technical and performance indexes of the square baler, and the square baler is provided with a density adjusting device for adjusting the bale density. The existing density adjusting device clamps the formed bale by adopting the side plates connected with the springs or the hydraulic cylinders to provide compression force for the subsequent bale compression, so that the compression force and bale density can be changed by changing the clamping degree of the springs or the hydraulic cylinders to the side plates. The regular rate of the bales is also an important performance index of the baler, and the regular bales are attractive in appearance, convenient to stack and transport and low in transportation cost.
However, the existing product structure, control method and the like have a series of problems, mainly: 1. the clamping degree is determined by the stroke of a spring or a hydraulic cylinder, the compression force is the same when the water content of one crop is the same as that of the stroke, but the maximum compression force can be changed when the water content of the grass strip is distributed unevenly and other factors are caused in the same stroke, so that the whole machine operation is at risk (such as impact caused by different maximum compression forces, insufficient static strength caused by the maximum compression forces, and the like). 2. The existing density adjusting device can not automatically control the subsequent bale distribution rule according to the formed irregular bale, so that the purpose of controlling the bale rule rate is achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a mechanism for controlling the compression force and the bale rule rate of a square baler, which is applied to the square baler and can improve the bale rule rate of the square baler, thereby facilitating stacking and transportation and reducing transportation cost.
One of the objects of the invention is achieved by the following scheme:
the utility model provides a square baler compressive force, bale rule rate control mechanism, includes the frame that is enclosed by four fixed longerons, is provided with top side pressurization board, bottom side fixed plate, left side pressurization board and right side pressurization board respectively at four sides of frame, and top side pressurization board, bottom side fixed plate, left side pressurization board and right side pressurization board and four fixed longerons enclose into the pressurized density room that both ends link up, the bottom side fixed plate is fixed in the frame, and top side pressurization board, left side pressurization board and right side pressurization board all install in the frame through the pivot rotation to can rotate under density adjustment mechanism drives, wherein top side pressurization board can rotate at vertical face, and left side pressurization board and right side pressurization board can rotate at the horizontal plane.
As the preferred scheme, density adjustment mechanism symmetry sets up in the frame both sides, including density adjustment hydro-cylinder, first control arm and second control arm, first control arm butt joint is in the upper end of density adjustment hydro-cylinder, and the second control arm butt joint is in the lower extreme of density adjustment hydro-cylinder, first control arm and second control arm all can with the junction rotation of density adjustment hydro-cylinder.
As the preferred scheme, first control arm and second control arm all include short arm I and short arm II, and short arm I and short arm II junction are formed with the dog-ear, and wherein the I tip of short arm is connected with density adjustment hydro-cylinder rotation, and the II tip of short arm can with the left side pressurization board or the right side pressurization board terminal surface contact that correspond.
Preferably, the folded angle of the second control arm forms a fixed rotating head, the fixed rotating head is rotatably arranged on the frame, and the folded angle of the first control arm is rotatably connected with the joints on two sides of the top side pressurizing plate.
Preferably, a crank block compression mechanism is arranged at one end of the inlet of the pressurizing density chamber, and the crank block compression mechanism comprises a piston and a crank rocker mechanism for driving the piston to reciprocate in the pressurizing density chamber.
As a preferable scheme, the crank rocker mechanism comprises three connecting pin shafts, a force sensor is arranged at any point of the three connecting pin shafts and used for detecting the maximum stress value of the position, and the maximum stress value is sent to the controller so as to judge the relation between the maximum stress value and the threshold value, so that the density adjusting oil cylinder is adjusted to act.
As a preferable scheme, the density adjusting mechanism further comprises a hydraulic control system, wherein the hydraulic control system comprises a density adjusting oil cylinder, an electromagnetic reversing valve, an overflow valve and an oil tank, and the electromagnetic reversing valve is respectively connected with oil inlets and oil outlets of the two density adjusting oil cylinders; when the left position of the electromagnetic reversing valve is powered on, the density adjusting oil cylinder stretches out; when the right position of the electromagnetic reversing valve is powered on, the density adjusting oil cylinder is retracted; when the power is not available, the electromagnetic directional valve is positioned at the middle position, the density adjusting oil cylinder is used for maintaining pressure, the electromagnetic directional valve is also connected with the overflow valve, and hydraulic oil overflows back to the oil tank through the overflow valve.
The second purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following scheme: a method for controlling the compression force and the bale rule rate of a square baler comprises the following steps:
step one, compressing materials through a crank sliding block compression mechanism, wherein a bale formed before the compression mechanism is used as a compression plug in the compression process, and compression resistance is provided;
step two, controlling a top side pressurizing plate, a left side pressurizing plate and a right side pressurizing plate by a density adjusting oil cylinder to loosen or clamp a bale formed by the working cycle before feeding materials, changing the compression resistance when the feeding materials are compressed, and further changing the density of the bale;
and thirdly, when the crank block compression mechanism compresses materials, compression resistance acts on the piston, and whether the maximum compression resistance exceeds a threshold value or not can be judged and corresponding control is performed by measuring the maximum stress value of any point pin shaft of the crank and rocker mechanism.
In the third step, a force sensor arranged on a pin shaft at any point of the I/J/K reads the current maximum compression resistance in real time, compares the current maximum compression resistance with a threshold value, compares the current maximum compression resistance with the threshold value according to the difference value of the current maximum compression resistance, and controls a density adjusting oil cylinder to adjust the clamping force of the material in the compression density chamber so as to adjust the compression resistance.
As a preferred scheme, the method further comprises the step four: the user can manually input the threshold value of the compression resistance through the control terminal, the control program automatically targets the currently detected deviation between the compression resistance and the threshold value according to the threshold value input by the user, and the hydraulic system is controlled to change the clamping degree, so that the compression resistance finally reaches the vicinity of the threshold value, and further reaches the corresponding bale density value.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art (the pressure of the density cylinder is kept constant by a control system), the invention has the following effects: (a) stabilizing the maximum connecting rod compression force; (b) realizing the control of the bale rule rate. The two points can produce bales with uniform density and regular shape, and meanwhile, the maximum compression resistance is constant, so that the impact can be effectively reduced, the fatigue life is prolonged, and the mechanical faults caused by instantaneous overload are prevented.
The two pressing plates at the top, the left pressing plate and the right pressing plate are all rotatably mounted on the frame through the rotating shafts, the bottom fixing plate is fixed on the frame, the three pressing plates are adjusted to rotate through the density adjusting mechanism, and then the clamping force of the materials can be adjusted through the three pressing plates, so that the compression resistance of the piston is improved or reduced, the density of the bales is adjusted according to the actual condition of the materials in the compression density chamber, and the bales with uniform density and regular shape are manufactured.
In the third preferred scheme, a hydraulic control system is arranged, the hydraulic control system is an electric control system and is matched with the mechanical structure, so that the response speed and the control precision can be further improved, the energy consumption (the power consumption is about 2.5kW when the electro-hydraulic system acts, and the small-range adjustment power consumption of the mechanical mechanism is very small).
Fourth, this scheme still provides a square baler compressive force, bale rule rate control method, considers that the material that this time feeds before being compressed, and the material that has compressed in the density chamber exists the irregular condition, and when compressing this feeding material of compression mechanism's piston compression, the material can flow to the both sides face that the resistance is less in priority, supplements originally missing part, along with the material is supplementary goes on, fills up whole density chamber gradually. The mechanical mechanism controls the flow rule of the material in the density chamber according to the resistance distribution in the y direction and the z direction, and the purpose of actively intervening and controlling the bale rule rate is realized.
Fifth, in the preferred scheme, the user can input the threshold value of the compression force manually through the control terminal, and input different threshold values according to the requirement so as to obtain different bale densities, thereby realizing the density adjusting function.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a mechanical block diagram of a control mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic control system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic overview of the control mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a control method according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of a stress analysis of a pressurized density chamber according to the present invention.
The marks in the figure: 1. the device comprises a top side pressing plate, 2, a bottom side fixing plate, 3, a left side pressing plate, 4, a right side pressing plate, 5, a fixed longitudinal beam, 6, a frame, 7, a rotating shaft, 8, a density adjusting mechanism, 81, a first control arm, 82, a second control arm, 83, a density adjusting oil cylinder, 9, a crank slide block compression mechanism, 91, a piston, 92, a crank rocker mechanism, 10, an electromagnetic directional valve, 11, an overflow valve, 12, a pressurizing density chamber, 13, a bale formed by front working circulation and 14 and the material fed this time.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below by way of exemplary embodiments. It is to be understood that elements, structures and features of one embodiment may be beneficially incorporated in other embodiments without further recitation.
It should be noted that: unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein should be given the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. As used in the specification and claims of this application, the terms "a," "an," and "the" and similar referents are not to be construed to limit the scope of at least one. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, indicates that elements or items listed thereafter or equivalents thereof may be substituted for elements or items thereof in addition to those listed thereafter or equivalents thereof without departing from the scope of the word "comprising" or "comprising".
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the compression force and bale rule rate control mechanism of the square baler comprises a frame surrounded by four fixed longitudinal beams 5, wherein the fixed longitudinal beams 5 are right angle irons, and the right angles are inwards arranged to form a cuboid space outline, a top side pressurizing plate 1, a bottom side fixing plate 2, a left side pressurizing plate 3 and a right side pressurizing plate 4 are respectively arranged on four sides of the frame, and spaces surrounded by the fixed longitudinal beams 5, the top side pressurizing plate 1, the bottom side fixing plate 2, the left side pressurizing plate 3 and the right side pressurizing plate 4 are pressurizing density chambers 12. The density adjustment cylinder 83 and the control arm at the right pressing plate 4 are symmetrical with the density adjustment cylinder 83 and the control arm at the left pressing plate 3 with respect to the xOz plane, and are not shown in the drawing.
In detail, four side plates and four fixed stringers 5 enclose a two-end through pressurized density chamber 12, wherein the fixed stringers 5 are provided at four corners. The bottom side fixed plate 2 is fixed on the frame 6, and the same end of the top side pressurizing plate 1, the left side pressurizing plate 3 and the right side pressurizing plate 4 is rotatably installed on the frame 6 through a rotating shaft 7, and the top side pressurizing plate 1 can rotate on a vertical surface under the driving of the density adjusting mechanism 8, and the left side pressurizing plate 3 and the right side pressurizing plate 4 can rotate on a horizontal surface under the driving of the density adjusting mechanism 8.
In this embodiment, the density adjusting mechanism 8 is a hydraulic device symmetrically disposed on two sides of the outside of the pressurizing density chamber 12 for rotationally adjusting the top pressurizing plate 1, the left pressurizing plate 3 and the right pressurizing plate 4 around the rotation axis 7 thereof, and the first and second control arms 81 and 82 are not connected with the left and right pressurizing plates 3 and 4, but when the density chamber is full of bales, the force of the bales acting on the left pressurizing plate 3 or the right pressurizing plate 4 is basically along the direction perpendicular to the side plates, which force can make the free ends of the first and second control arms 81 and 82 contact with the left and right pressurizing plates 3 and 4, respectively, and the two sides of the top pressurizing plate 1 are also connected with the first and second control arms 81 and 82, which can be rotationally adjusted by the hydraulic device.
The specific structure of the density adjusting mechanism 8 is as follows: the upper end of the density adjusting cylinder 83 is rotatably connected with one end of the first control arm 81, the lower end of the density adjusting cylinder 83 is rotatably connected with one end of the second control arm 82, and the first control arm 81 and the second control arm 82 can both rotate around the connection positions. The first control arm 81 and the second control arm 82 are composed of a short arm I and a short arm II, a folding angle is formed at the joint of the short arm I and the short arm II, the short arm I is rotatably connected with the density adjusting oil cylinder 83, and the short arm II can be in end face contact with the corresponding left side pressurizing plate 3 or right side pressurizing plate 4. The folded angle of the second control arm 82 forms a fixed rotating head which is rotatably mounted on the frame 6, and the folded angle of the first control arm 81 is rotatably connected with both sides of the top pressurizing plate 1.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the top pressurizing plate 1 rotates around an AA' shaft, which is mounted on the frame 6 and has a point D hinged to the first control arm 81. One end C of the density adjusting cylinder 83 is hinged with one end of the first control arm 81, and the other end E of the density adjusting cylinder 83 is hinged with the second control arm 82. The second control arm 82 is fixed to the frame at a fixed rotation point F. The left pressing plate 3 rotates around the BB 'axis (the BB' axis is fixed to the frame). The ends of the first and second control arms 81, 82 are not connected to the left pressure plate 3, but when the density chamber is full of bales, the bales act on the left pressure plate 3 substantially in the y-direction, which forces will bring the ends H/G into contact with the left pressure plate 3 or the right pressure plate 4, respectively.
As shown in fig. 2, the present solution designs an electro-mechanical hydraulic automatic control system for controlling the mechanical mechanism of the control mechanism, where the control system includes a density adjusting cylinder 83, an electromagnetic directional valve 10, an overflow valve 11, an oil tank and an omitted hydraulic power source. When the left position of the electromagnetic directional valve 10 is electrified, the density adjusting cylinder 83 extends out; when the right position of the electromagnetic directional valve 10 is electrified, the density adjusting cylinder 83 is retracted; when the power is not available, the electromagnetic directional valve 10 is in the middle position, the density adjusting oil cylinder 83 is used for maintaining pressure, and hydraulic oil overflows back to the oil tank through the overflow valve 11.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the crank block compression mechanism 9 is used for compressing materials, the crank block compression mechanism 9 is arranged at the inlet of the compression density chamber 12, the crank block compression mechanism 9 comprises a piston 91 and a crank rocker mechanism 92, the crank rocker mechanism 92 is used for driving the piston 91 to reciprocate in the compression density chamber 12, the crank block compression mechanism 9 of the bundling machine is used for compressing the materials, and the bales formed before the compression mechanism is used as compression plugs in the compression process, namely the bales 13 formed in the working cycle provide compression resistance. The density adjusting cylinder 83 of the hydraulic device controls the top side pressurizing plate 1, the left side pressurizing plate 3 and the right side pressurizing plate 4 of the mechanical mechanism to loosen or clamp the bales formed before, so that the compression resistance of the fed material 14 is changed when the fed material is compressed, and the density of the bales is changed. When the crank and rocker mechanism 92 compresses the material, the compression resistance is generated to act on the piston 91, and whether the maximum compression resistance exceeds a threshold value or not can be judged by measuring the maximum force (kN) on a pin shaft at any point of I/J/K, and corresponding control is performed.
The controller reads the current maximum pressure (kN) in real time according to a force sensor which can be arranged on a pin shaft at any point of the I/J/K, and compares the current maximum pressure (kN) with a threshold value, if the deviation is smaller than a set value (a manually specified value, such as a threshold value of 5%), the current compression resistance is considered to be the same as the threshold value, the controller sends out a command to the electromagnetic directional valve 10 to not be electrified, the electromagnetic directional valve 10 is in the middle-position pressure maintaining state, the stroke of the density adjusting oil cylinder 83 is fixed, and the positions of all the pressurizing plates are also fixed. If the deviation is larger than the set value and is a positive value, indicating that the current compression resistance is larger than the threshold value, the controller sends out an instruction to enable the left position of the electromagnetic directional valve 10 to be powered on, the density adjusting oil cylinder 83 stretches, the clamping of the side plate of the mechanical mechanism on the material becomes smaller, and the compression resistance is reduced until the compression resistance is reduced to be close to the threshold value. If the deviation is larger than the set value and is a negative value, indicating that the current compression resistance is smaller than the threshold value, the controller sends out an instruction to enable the right position of the electromagnetic directional valve 10 to be powered on, the density adjusting oil cylinder 83 is shortened, the clamping of the side plate of the mechanical mechanism on the material is increased, and the compression resistance is improved until the compression resistance is increased to be close to the threshold value.
In this embodiment, the mechanical device alone can also stabilize compression resistance in a small range, the principle being as follows. As shown in FIG. 5, the formed bale clamped in the compression density chamber 12 is subjected to stress analysis and the forces are marked in the figure, and the forces are simplified in concentration, including bale gravity G, pressure Fn provided by the bottom plate fixing plate 2, and pressure Fy of the bale by the left side compression plate 3 1 Friction force Ff 2 Pressure Fy of right pressing plate 4 against bale 2 Friction force Ff 3 Pressing of bales by topside pressing plate 1Force Fz, friction force Ff 1 Compression resistance Fx to which the bale is subjected. From the force balance, the following set of equations can be obtained:
Fn=G+Fz
Fy 1 =Fy 2 =Fy
Fx-2fFy-fFz-md 2 x/dt 2 =0
wherein m is the mass of the bale, f is the friction coefficient of the material and the side plates, and x is the displacement of the formed bale along the x direction in the compression process.
According to the measurement and calculation, the inertia force md 2 x/dt 2 The difference in Fx is only about 5-10% of it, negligible, and therefore gives the maximum compression resistance fx= (2fy+fz) f, which is seen to be related to the pressure of the top side compression plate 1, left side compression plate 3 and right side compression plate 4 against the bale. From another angle, fy, fz are related to the amount of deformation of the bale after it has been gripped by the pressing plate, the greater the amount of gripping deformation, the greater the Fy, fz.
When the stroke of the density adjusting cylinder 83 is fixed (the hydraulic device is in the neutral position), the density adjusting cylinder 83 is kinematically equivalent to a link. If a foreign matter (such as a large piece of soil) is present at the top of the bale clamped by the compression chamber 12, the Fz increases, the top compression plate 1 rotates counterclockwise around the y axis, and the degree of clamping of the bale in the z direction after rotation decreases, so that the Fz decreases. Meanwhile, the rotation of the top pressurizing plate 1 can raise the height of a point D, the point D is a rotation fulcrum of the first control arm 81, so that the density adjusting oil cylinder 83 moves upwards integrally, the first control arm 81 rotates anticlockwise around the point D along the x axis, the second control arm 82 rotates clockwise around the point F along the x axis, and both the left pressurizing plate and the right pressurizing plate increase the y-direction clamping degree and increase Fy. The left and right pressing plates are matched to ensure that the Fx is unchanged, thereby achieving the purpose of maintaining the maximum compression resistance.
Of course, the mechanical mechanism is insufficient to maintain Fx constant in a large range, but can further improve response speed and control precision and reduce energy consumption (about 2.5kW of power consumption when the electrohydraulic system acts, and small adjustment power consumption of the mechanical mechanism in a small range) when being used together with the electrohydraulic device.
In this embodiment, the principle of controlling the bale rule rate is as follows: consider the case where there is an irregularity in the material already compressed in the compression density chamber 12 before the material being fed this time is compressed, such as less material in the y-direction and more material in the z-direction. The left and right pressing plates 3, 4 move inward and the top pressing plate 1 moves upward to be forced into contact with the bales. Although the left and right pressing plates 3, 4 appear to have a large amount of deformation of the clamped material, the actual large amount of deformation is obtained due to the absence of transverse material, and thus the actual bale force Fy against the side plates is small. Therefore, when the piston 91 of the compression mechanism compresses the material fed this time, the material will preferentially flow to the two sides with smaller resistance to supplement the originally missing part, and as the material supplement proceeds, fy gradually increases, the material side reduces the supplement to the sides, and gradually fills the whole compression density chamber 12. The mechanical mechanism controls the flow rule of the material in the density chamber according to the resistance distribution in the y direction and the z direction, and the purpose of actively intervening and controlling the bale rule rate is realized.
In this example, the bale density control principle is as follows: under the same conditions of crop and water content, the bale density is directly related to the resistance to which the bale is subjected during compression, the greater the resistance, the higher the density and vice versa. The principle is of course that the power can be met and the mechanical part of the baler can bear the reaction force caused by the increased resistance. In accordance with this principle, a density adjustment system can be designed which, by means of a mechanical mechanism controlled by the aforementioned hydraulic means, clamps the magnitude of the bale force that has been developed in the last working cycle in the pressurized density chamber 12, changing the resistance that is experienced during the subsequent bale open compression process, and thus adjusting the density, as shown in fig. 3.
As shown in fig. 4, the user can manually input the threshold value of the compression force through the control terminal, the control program automatically targets the deviation between the currently detected compression force and the threshold compression force according to the threshold value input by the user, and controls the hydraulic system to change the clamping degree, so as to finally obtain the threshold compression force and further obtain the corresponding bale density value. Therefore, a user can input different thresholds according to the needs to further obtain different bale densities, and the density adjusting function is realized.
The scheme also provides a method for controlling the compressive force and the bale rule rate of the square baler, which comprises the following steps: step one, compressing materials through a crank block compression mechanism 9, wherein a bale formed before the compression is used as a compression plug in the compression process, so that compression resistance is provided; step two, the density adjusting cylinder 83 controls the top pressurizing plate 1, the left pressurizing plate 2 and the right pressurizing plate 4 to loosen or clamp the bale 13 formed by the previous working cycle, so as to change the compression resistance when the fed material 14 is compressed, and further change the bale density; and thirdly, when the crank block compression mechanism 9 compresses materials, compression resistance is generated to act on the piston 91, and whether the maximum compression resistance exceeds a threshold value or not can be judged and corresponding control can be performed by measuring the maximum stress value of the pin shaft at any point of the I/J/K. And comparing the difference value with a threshold value, and controlling the density adjusting oil cylinder to adjust the clamping force of the material in the pressurizing density chamber 12 by the controller so as to adjust the compression resistance. And step four, a user can manually input a threshold value of the compression force through the control terminal, the control program automatically takes the deviation between the currently detected compression force and the threshold compression force as an object according to the threshold value input by the user, the hydraulic system is controlled to change the clamping degree, and finally the threshold compression force is obtained, so that the corresponding bale density value is obtained.
Specifically, in the third step, the controller reads the current maximum pressure in real time according to a force sensor which can be arranged on any pin of the I/J/K, compares the current maximum pressure with a threshold value, compares the difference value with a set value, and if the difference value is smaller than the set value, the controller sends out a command to the electromagnetic directional valve 10 to be not powered, the electromagnetic directional valve 10 is in the middle-position pressure maintaining state, the stroke of the density adjusting oil cylinder 83 is fixed, and the positions of the top side pressure plate 1, the left side pressure plate 3 and the right side pressure plate 4 are also fixed; if the deviation is larger than the set value and is a positive value, the controller sends a command to the electromagnetic directional valve 10 to enable the left position to be powered on, the density adjusting oil cylinder 83 stretches, the clamping force of the top side pressurizing plate 1, the left side pressurizing plate 3 and the right side pressurizing plate 4 on materials is reduced, and the compression resistance is reduced until the compression resistance is reduced to be close to a threshold value; if the deviation is larger than the set value and is a negative value, the controller sends out instructions to the right position of the electromagnetic directional valve 0 to obtain electricity, the stroke of the density adjusting oil cylinder 83 is shortened, the clamping force of the top side pressurizing plate 1, the left side pressurizing plate 3 and the right side pressurizing plate 4 on materials is increased, and the compression resistance is improved until the compression resistance is increased to be close to a threshold value.
The method achieves the purpose of actively intervening and controlling the bale regular rate, when the compressed material has irregular conditions, the material can preferentially flow to two side surfaces with smaller resistance when the piston of the compression mechanism compresses the fed material, the originally missing part is supplemented, and the whole density chamber can be gradually filled with the material along with the material supplement. Different thresholds are input according to the requirement, so that different bale densities are obtained, and the density adjusting function of the bales can be realized by manually inputting the threshold of the compression force through the control terminal.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, but is intended to be limited to the following embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent changes and variations in the above-mentioned embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for controlling the compression force and the bale rule rate of a square baler is characterized by comprising the following steps: the device adopted by the control method comprises a frame formed by encircling four fixed longitudinal beams, wherein a top side pressurizing plate, a bottom side fixing plate, a left side pressurizing plate and a right side pressurizing plate are respectively arranged on four side surfaces of the frame, the top side pressurizing plate, the bottom side fixing plate, the left side pressurizing plate and the right side pressurizing plate and the four fixed longitudinal beams encircle to form a pressurizing density chamber with two through ends, the bottom side fixing plate is fixed on a frame, the same ends of the top side pressurizing plate, the left side pressurizing plate and the right side pressurizing plate are rotatably arranged on the frame through rotating shafts and can be driven by a density adjusting mechanism to rotate, wherein the top side pressurizing plate can rotate on a vertical surface, and the left side pressurizing plate and the right side pressurizing plate can rotate on a horizontal plane;
the compression device comprises a compression density chamber, a compression density chamber and a compression density chamber, wherein one end of the compression density chamber is provided with a crank-slider compression mechanism, and the crank-slider compression mechanism comprises a piston and a crank-rocker mechanism used for driving the piston to reciprocate in the compression density chamber;
the crank rocker mechanism comprises three connecting pin shafts, a force sensor is arranged at any point of the three connecting pin shafts and used for detecting the maximum stress value of the position, and the maximum stress value is sent to the controller so as to judge the relation between the maximum stress value and a threshold value, so that the density adjusting oil cylinder is adjusted to act;
the controller reads the current maximum pressure in real time according to the force sensor on any pin of the crank rocker mechanism and compares the current maximum pressure with a threshold value; according to the difference value and the threshold value, the controller controls the density adjusting oil cylinder to stretch and retract, and adjusts the clamping force of the material in the pressurizing density chamber, so that the compression resistance is adjusted;
the control method comprises the following steps: step one, compressing materials through a crank sliding block compression mechanism, wherein a bale formed before the compression mechanism is used as a compression plug in the compression process, and compression resistance is provided;
step two, controlling a top side pressurizing plate, a left side pressurizing plate and a right side pressurizing plate by a density adjusting oil cylinder to loosen or clamp a bale formed by the working cycle before feeding materials, changing the compression resistance when the feeding materials are compressed, and further changing the density of the bale;
step three, when the crank block compression mechanism compresses materials, compression resistance is generated to act on the piston, and whether the maximum compression resistance exceeds a threshold value or not can be judged and corresponding control is performed by measuring the maximum stress value of any point pin shaft of the crank rocker mechanism; the force sensor arranged on any pin shaft of the crank rocker mechanism reads the current maximum compression resistance in real time, compares the current maximum compression resistance with a threshold value, compares the difference value with the threshold value, controls the expansion and contraction of the density adjusting oil cylinder according to the difference value, and adjusts the clamping force of the material in the pressurizing density chamber, so that the compression resistance is adjusted;
comparing the difference value with a set value, if the difference value is smaller than the set value, the controller sends out a command to the electromagnetic directional valve to stop power supply, the electromagnetic directional valve is in the middle-position pressure maintaining state, the stroke of the density adjusting oil cylinder is fixed, and the positions of the top side pressure plate, the left side pressure plate and the right side pressure plate are also fixed; if the deviation is larger than the set value and is a positive value, the controller sends a command to the left position of the electromagnetic reversing valve to be electrified, the density adjusting oil cylinder stretches, the clamping force of the top side pressing plate, the left side pressing plate and the right side pressing plate on the materials is reduced, and the compression resistance is reduced until the compression resistance is reduced to be near the threshold value; if the deviation is larger than the set value and is a negative value, the controller sends out instructions to the right position of the electromagnetic directional valve 0 to obtain electricity, the stroke of the density adjusting oil cylinder is shortened, the clamping force of the top side pressing plate, the left side pressing plate and the right side pressing plate on the materials is increased, and the compression resistance is improved until the compression resistance is increased to be close to the threshold value.
2. The method for controlling the compression force and the bale rule rate of the square baler as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the density adjusting mechanism is symmetrically arranged on two sides of the frame and comprises a density adjusting oil cylinder, a first control arm and a second control arm, wherein the first control arm is in butt joint with the upper end of the density adjusting oil cylinder, the second control arm is in butt joint with the lower end of the density adjusting oil cylinder, and the first control arm and the second control arm can rotate around the joint of the density adjusting oil cylinder.
3. The method for controlling the compression force and the bale rule rate of the square baler as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the first control arm and the second control arm comprise a short arm I and a short arm II, a folding angle is formed at the joint of the short arm I and the short arm II, the end part of the short arm I is rotationally connected with the density adjusting oil cylinder, and the end part of the short arm II can be in end surface contact with the corresponding left side pressurizing plate or right side pressurizing plate.
4. A method of controlling compression force and bale rule rate of a square baler as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the dog-ear department of second control arm forms fixed rotating head, and this fixed rotating head rotation type installs in the frame, the dog-ear department of first control arm is connected with topside pressurization board both sides joint rotation.
5. The method for controlling the compression force and the bale rule rate of the square baler as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the density adjusting mechanism further comprises a hydraulic control system, wherein the hydraulic control system comprises a density adjusting oil cylinder, an electromagnetic reversing valve, an overflow valve and an oil tank, and the electromagnetic reversing valve is respectively connected with oil inlets and oil outlets of the two density adjusting oil cylinders; when the left position of the electromagnetic reversing valve is powered on, the density adjusting oil cylinder stretches; when the right position of the electromagnetic reversing valve is powered on, the density adjusting oil cylinder is retracted; when the power is not available, the electromagnetic directional valve is positioned at the middle position, the density adjusting oil cylinder is used for maintaining pressure, the electromagnetic directional valve is also connected with the overflow valve, and hydraulic oil overflows back to the oil tank through the overflow valve.
6. The method for controlling the compression force and the bale rule rate of the square baler according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method also comprises the following steps: the user can manually input the threshold value of the compression resistance through the control terminal, the control program automatically targets the currently detected deviation between the compression resistance and the threshold value according to the threshold value input by the user, and the hydraulic system is controlled to change the clamping degree, so that the compression resistance finally reaches the vicinity of the threshold value, and further reaches the corresponding bale density value.
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| CN115053703A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-09-16 | 广东皓耘科技有限公司 | Bale information monitoring device and square baler |
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| US4037528A (en) * | 1976-08-27 | 1977-07-26 | Hesston Corporation | Density control mechanism for crop baler |
| DE69033578D1 (en) * | 1989-03-03 | 2000-08-10 | Ford New Holland Nv | Big baler with density control device |
| US6101932A (en) * | 1997-11-05 | 2000-08-15 | Welger Gmbh | Channel bale press for agricultural harvest crop and device and method for controlling operation of the bale press |
| CN110663368A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2020-01-10 | 新疆农业大学 | Square bundle bundling machine bale compactness control system and control method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP3232768B1 (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2020-02-05 | AGCO Corporation | Square baler providing side-to-side bale uniformity |
| US10945377B2 (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2021-03-16 | Deere & Company | Baler with segmented tension panels |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4037528A (en) * | 1976-08-27 | 1977-07-26 | Hesston Corporation | Density control mechanism for crop baler |
| DE69033578D1 (en) * | 1989-03-03 | 2000-08-10 | Ford New Holland Nv | Big baler with density control device |
| US6101932A (en) * | 1997-11-05 | 2000-08-15 | Welger Gmbh | Channel bale press for agricultural harvest crop and device and method for controlling operation of the bale press |
| CN110663368A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2020-01-10 | 新疆农业大学 | Square bundle bundling machine bale compactness control system and control method |
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