CN113691642A - Network multicast addressing method and its interconnected network - Google Patents
Network multicast addressing method and its interconnected network Download PDFInfo
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- CN113691642A CN113691642A CN202011452913.9A CN202011452913A CN113691642A CN 113691642 A CN113691642 A CN 113691642A CN 202011452913 A CN202011452913 A CN 202011452913A CN 113691642 A CN113691642 A CN 113691642A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
- H04L61/50—Address allocation
- H04L61/5007—Internet protocol [IP] addresses
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
- H04L61/50—Address allocation
- H04L61/5069—Address allocation for group communication, multicast communication or broadcast communication
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L2101/00—Indexing scheme associated with group H04L61/00
- H04L2101/60—Types of network addresses
- H04L2101/604—Address structures or formats
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L2101/00—Indexing scheme associated with group H04L61/00
- H04L2101/60—Types of network addresses
- H04L2101/686—Types of network addresses using dual-stack hosts, e.g. in Internet protocol version 4 [IPv4]/Internet protocol version 6 [IPv6] networks
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Abstract
A network multicast addressing method and its interconnected network, including host computer, network include link, node and node to interface of the link, distribute the multicast address of the network to each interface of a series of nodes, a series of nodes receive and dispatch the data packet according to the said multicast address; the multicast address is an address aggregated by using a continuous bit mask, a group of interfaces belonging to different nodes have the same identifier, and a packet sent to the multicast address is transmitted to all the interfaces identified by the identifier. Specifically, the network address is divided into 7 segments and 232 bits, the technical scheme changes the original network transmission mode, expands the address capacity and increases the address length to 232 bits so as to support more address levels, more addressable nodes and simpler automatic address configuration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of internet, in particular to a network multicast addressing method and an internet
Background
Nowadays, the internet has become an indispensable important part in our daily life, and after the internet is accessed, the china internet undergoes rapid development and achieves huge achievements, but the problems of free network application and information security become more obvious. There are more limitations in terms of network security and network application freedom. At present, the internet of vehicles, the internet of things, smart cities and the like which are vigorously developed in China are all built on the basis of the internet. Therefore, there is also a great risk: the resolution of the domain name stops, internet access is limited, and the entire network will fall into paralysis.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an addressing method for an internet based on a self-defined network address.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a network multicast addressing method, characterized by: the host and the network comprise links, nodes and node-to-link interfaces, and the network multicast addressing method comprises the following steps:
distributing a multicast address of a network to each interface of a group of nodes, and receiving and transmitting data packets by the group of nodes according to the multicast address; wherein the multicast address is an address aggregated using a continuous bit mask,
a group of interfaces belonging to different nodes has the same identifier, and a packet sent to the multicast address is transmitted to all interfaces identified by the identifier.
As one embodiment, the network address is divided into 7 segments, wherein, the 1 st segment is the 1 st to 8 th bits, defines the type prefix, the 2 nd segment is the 9 nd to 16 th bits, defines the country, the 3 rd segment is the 17 rd to 32 th bits, defines the region, the 4 th segment is the 33 th to 40 th bits, defines the top level operator, the 5 th segment is the 41 th to 56 th bits, defines the operator definition, the 6 th segment is the 57 th to 200 th bits, defines the user ID, the 7 th segment defines the interface address for the 201 th to 232 th bits;
when the 8 th bit in the type prefix is 4, the address type is defined as a multicast address.
As one of the embodiments, the multicast address is not used as a source address or identified in a routing header.
As one implementation mode, the 7 th segment of the multicast address is embedded with an IPv6 address identifier or an IPv4 address identifier.
In one embodiment, when segments 2 to 7 of the multicast address are all 0, all types of multicast addresses are defined by the identification of the interface address,
comprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
the interface address is 1, and the multicast addresses of all nodes are identified;
the interface address is 2, and the multicast addresses of all routers are identified;
the interface address is 3, and identifies all OSPF multicast addresses;
the interface address is 4, and the DR router multicast addresses of all OSPF are identified;
the interface address is 5, and the multicast addresses of all RIP routers are identified;
the interface address is 6, identifying all PIM router multicast addresses.
As one embodiment, when the multicast address is FF 02: 0: 0: 0: 0: 1: FFXX: XXXXXX, for identifying a Solicited-Dode multicast address.
In one embodiment, among the 7 segments constituting the multicast address, the 1 st segment to the 5 th segment and the 7 th segment are decimal values, the 6 th segment is a character string value, and each segment is separated by a one-sided brace symbol.
As one embodiment, when the 7 segments constituting the multicast address are all 0, the multicast address is used as an unspecified address; when the 1 st segment to the 6 th segment in the 7 segments forming the multicast address are 0 and the 7 th segment is 1, the multicast address is used as a return address, and the node with the return address is used for sending a data packet to the node.
As one of the embodiments, the multicast address has an address prefix, and the length of the address prefix is a decimal value constituting the address prefix.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the technical scheme provided by the invention constructs a set of new internet, and has the following advantages:
1) the technical scheme expands the multicast address capacity and increases the length of the multicast address to 232 bits so as to support more multicast address hierarchies, more addressable nodes and simpler automatic multicast address configuration.
2) The method adds the identification country code, the area code, the operator code, the unified credit code or the national institution code or the personal identification number which are uniformly gathered in the multicast address, adds a new identifier in the original multicast address, and realizes more multicast address information.
3) The multicast address is bound with individuals, companies and countries one by one, so that the comprehensive address distinguishing function is realized.
4) The patent distinguishes 7 fields of the multicast address through { }, has a clear structure and an obvious marking function, and is more favorable for docking in the multicast address resolution process.
Furthermore, the expandability of the multicast routing is improved by adding a 'range' field to the multicast address.
These features and advantages of the present invention will be disclosed in more detail in the following detailed description of the invention. The best mode or means of the present invention will be described in detail, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, each of these features, elements and components appearing hereinafter is a plurality and different symbols or numerals are labeled for convenience of representation, but all represent components of the same or similar construction or function.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention are explained and illustrated below, but the following embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments in the embodiment, those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiments without creative efforts, which belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Reference in the specification to "one embodiment" or "an example" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment itself may be included in at least one embodiment of the patent disclosure. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
Example 1
A network multicast addressing method, comprising a host, a network including links, nodes and node-to-link interfaces, the network multicast addressing method comprising the steps of:
distributing a multicast address of a network to each interface of a group of nodes, and receiving and transmitting data packets by the group of nodes according to the multicast address; wherein the multicast address is an address aggregated using a continuous bit mask,
a group of interfaces belonging to different nodes has the same identifier, and a packet sent to the multicast address is transmitted to all interfaces identified by the identifier.
A multicast address is an identifier of a group of nodes, a corresponding one of which may belong to any number of multicast groups.
The multicast address is 232 bits and is divided into 7 segments, wherein the 1 st segment is the 1 st to 8 th bits, defines a type prefix, the 2 nd segment is the 9 nd to 16 th bits, defines a country, the 3 rd segment is the 17 th to 32 th bits, defines a region, the 4 th segment is the 33 th to 40 th bits, defines a top-level operator, the 5 th segment is the 41 th to 56 th bits, defines an operator definition, the 6 th segment is the 57 th to 200 th bits, defines a user ID, and the 7 th segment is the 201 th to 232 th bits, and defines an interface address;
when the 8 th bit in the Type Prefix (TP) is 4, the address type is defined as a multicast address.
The preferred text string canonical address form adopted in this embodiment is as follows, without limitation to other forms:
of the 7 segments constituting the multicast address, the 1 st to 5 th segments and the 7 th segment are decimal values, the 6 th segment is a character string value, and each segment is separated by a one-sided brace symbol, for example, the multicast address is: a { b { c { d { f { g, wherein:
a is a decimal value of an 8-bit address field, representing a type prefix, for identifying the address class, i.e. the multicast address is 4 (00000004 compressed or abbreviated recognition mode, see below).
b is a decimal value of an 8-bit address field representing a country code for being identified as a country, for example a chinese code of 1 may be defined.
c is a decimal value of a 16-bit address field representing a regional code within a country hierarchy for a regional code identified as the country based on identifying the country code, for example, the shanghai code may be defined as 21.
d is a decimal value of an 8-bit address field representing an operator code within a national hierarchy for being identified as a specific operator, e.g., a chinese telecom code of 1, a chinese unicom code of 3, etc.
e is a decimal value of a 16-bit address field representing an operator definition for operator-defined encoding.
f is a string value of 144-bit address field, which may include numbers and upper and lower case English letters, representing the user ID, which may be an organization, company, natural person, etc. The multicast address has an address prefix, the length of which is the decimal value that makes up the address prefix.
g is a decimal value of a 32-bit address field, which may also be identified by a dotted decimal number, representing the user interface address. The user interface address may be an interface address in IPv4 mode.
For example: the multicast address of a server of a company may be identified as:
4{1{10{1{1000{91110000802017541K{10.0.0.1，
or 4{1{10{1{1000{91110000802017541K { 167772161.
As one of the embodiments, the multicast address has an address prefix, and the length of the address prefix is a decimal value constituting the address prefix. This embodiment also discloses a representation manner of the address prefix of the multicast address:
multicast address/prefix length;
wherein the prefix length is a decimal value that constitutes a prefix identifying a length of leftmost consecutive address bits of the multicast address.
For example:
200 length prefix of multicast address of a natural person:
4{1{21{2{1000{310107198808031X can be represented in the following format:
4{1{21{2{1000{3101071988080310/200, the entire multicast address can be abbreviated as:
4{1{21{2{1000{3101071988080310{10.0.0.1/200, then, the address range that a natural person possesses is:
4{1{21{2{1000{3101071988080310{1---4{1{21{2{1000 {3101071988080310{4294967294，
the addresses of the 1 st, 2 nd, 4 th and 6 th sections of the multicast address cannot be divided by masks, and the mask range is as follows:
8
16～32
40～56
200～232。
in allocating a multicast address, if an address contains a long string of 0 bits, then using "{ }" indicates that there are a plurality of sets of 0 values. The nodes receive and transmit data packets according to the multicast addresses of the interfaces, and the nodes with the return addresses are used for sending the data packets to the nodes. The return address is not assigned to any logistics interface.
For example:
when the 1 st segment to the 6 th segment in the 7 segments forming the multicast address are 0 and the 7 th segment is 1, the multicast address is used as a return address, and the node with the return address is used for sending a data packet to the node:
0{0{0{0{0{0{1: return address, which may be denoted as {6} 1;
when the 7 segments constituting the multicast address are all 0, the multicast address is used as an unspecified address:
0{0{0{0{0{0{0: the address is not indicated and may be denoted as 7.
Unspecified addresses cannot be allocated to any node, one application of unspecified addresses is to add an unspecified address to the source address field of a transmitted packet at the time of initialization of the host, before the host does not get its own address. Unspecified addresses cannot be used in packets as destination addresses nor in routing headers of the network.
As one of the embodiments, the multicast address is not used as a source address or identified in a routing header.
In one embodiment, when segments 2 to 7 of the multicast address are all 0, all types of multicast addresses are defined by the identification of the interface address,
that is, when the node recognizes 00000004 (TP)
(national) all 0
(region) all 0
(Top-ranked operator) all 0 s
(operator defined) all 0 s
If the (user ID) is all 0, the interface address is further identified, and subsequent operation is carried out according to the identified interface address.
In the above-described all-0 state, the interface address includes,
the interface address is 1, the multicast addresses of all nodes are identified, and the compressed address format is 4{5} 1;
the interface address is 2, the multicast addresses of all routers are identified, and the compressed address format is 4{5} 2;
the interface address is 3, identifies all OSPF multicast addresses, and the compressed address format is 4{5} 3;
the interface address is 4, the DR router multicast address of all OSPF is identified, and the compressed address format is 4{5} 4;
the interface address is 5, all RIP router multicast addresses are identified, and the format of the compressed address is 4{5} 5;
the interface address is 6, all PIM router multicast addresses are identified, and the compressed address format is 4{5} 6;
when the multicast address is FF 02: 0: 0: 0: 0: 1: FFXX: XXXXXX, for identifying a Solicited-Dode multicast address.
When the user ID is not 0, the compressed address format description is that the multicast address of the interface A: 4{4} 91110000802017541K }6711A787
Example 2
As one implementation mode, the 7 th segment of the multicast address is embedded with an IPv6 address identifier or an IPv4 address identifier.
The following implementation modes of embedding IPv6 address identification are adopted to realize IPv6 conversion of data packet transmission:
a node acquires a data packet with a user-defined network address, wherein the network address comprises an interface address, and the interface address carries an IPv6 address identifier; and the sending node acquires the interface address, forwards the data packet according to the interface address information, and if the IPv6 address identifier is detected, executes the subsequent operation of the data packet by adopting the IPv6 protocol parameter corresponding to the destination terminal.
The network address structure is divided into 7 segments, wherein, segment 1 defines type prefix (address category), segment 2 defines country (country code), segment 3 defines region (region code), segment 4 defines operator code, segment 5 defines top level operator (operator code), segment 6 defines user ID, and segment 7 defines user interface address; the network address structure comprises 232 bits, wherein a 1 st field is an 8-bit field, a 2 nd field is an 8-bit field, a 3 rd field is a 16-bit field, a 4 th field is an 8-bit field, a 5 th field is a 16-bit field, a 6 th field is a 48-bit field, and a7 th field is a 128-bit field.
Then, after the 7 th segment is modified to 128 bits, the conversion of the IPv6 mode can be implemented, that is, the user interface address carries an IPv6 address identifier, the IPv6 address identifier is identified, the network transport address is converted into the IPv6 address, and the data packet is sent to the destination terminal corresponding to the IPv6 address.
(II) the implementation mode with the IPv4 address identifier embedded therein can realize the IPv4 conversion of data packet transmission as follows:
a node acquires a data packet with a user-defined network address, wherein the network address comprises an interface address, and the interface address carries an IPv4 address identifier; and the sending node acquires the interface address, forwards the data packet according to the interface address information, and if the IPv4 address identifier is detected, executes the subsequent operation of the data packet by adopting the IPv4 protocol parameter corresponding to the destination terminal.
Optionally, the customized network address structure is divided into 7 segments, where segment 1 defines an address category, segment 2 defines a country code, segment 3 defines a region code, segment 4 defines an operator code, segment 5 defines an operator customized code, segment 6 defines a user ID, and segment 7 defines a user interface address;
and the user interface address carries an IPv4 address identifier, identifies the IPv4 address identifier, converts the network transmission address into the IPv4 address, and sends a data packet to a destination terminal corresponding to the IPv4 address.
Optionally, the network address structure includes 232 bits, the 1 st field is an 8-bit field, the 2 nd field is an 8-bit field, the 3 rd field is a 16-bit field, the 4 th field is an 8-bit field, the 5 th field is a 16 bit, the 6 th field is 144 bits, and the 7 th field is a 32-bit field, where the 7 th field includes an IPv 4-identified address.
Example 3
An internet, wherein the internet is addressed by the network multicast addressing method described in embodiment 1 or 2 to transmit data packets.
The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention includes, but is not limited to, those described in the foregoing detailed description. Any modification which does not depart from the functional and structural principles of the present invention is intended to be included within the scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A network multicast addressing method, characterized by: the host and the network comprise links, nodes and node-to-link interfaces, and the network multicast addressing method comprises the following steps:
distributing a multicast address of a network to each interface of a group of nodes, and receiving and transmitting data packets by the group of nodes according to the multicast address; wherein the multicast address is an address aggregated using a continuous bit mask,
a group of interfaces belonging to different nodes has the same identifier, and a packet sent to the multicast address is transmitted to all interfaces identified by the identifier.
2. The network multicast addressing method according to claim 1, wherein the network address is divided into 7 segments, wherein the 1 st segment is the 1 st to 8 th bit, defines the type prefix, the 2 nd segment is the 9 th to 16 th bit, defines the country, the 3 rd segment is the 17 th to 32 th bit, defines the region, the 4 th segment is the 33 th to 40 th bit, defines the top level operator, the 5 th segment is the 41 th to 56 th bit, defines the operator definition, the 6 th segment is the 57 th to 200 th bit, defines the user ID, the 7 th segment defines the interface address for the 201 th to 232 th bit;
when the 8 th bit in the type prefix is 4, the address type is defined as a multicast address.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the multicast address is not used as a source address or identified in a routing header.
4. The network multicast addressing method according to claim 2, wherein the 7 th segment of the multicast address is embedded with an IPv6 address identifier or an IPv4 address identifier.
5. The network multicast addressing method according to claim 2, wherein when the segments 2 to 7 constituting the multicast address are all 0, all types of multicast addresses are defined by the identification of the interface address, including,
the interface address is 1, and the multicast addresses of all nodes are identified;
the interface address is 2, and the multicast addresses of all routers are identified;
the interface address is 3, and identifies all OSPF multicast addresses;
the interface address is 4, and the DR router multicast addresses of all OSPF are identified;
the interface address is 5, and the multicast addresses of all RIP routers are identified;
the interface address is 6, identifying all PIM router multicast addresses.
6. The network multicast addressing method according to claim 5, wherein when the multicast address is FF 02: 0: 0: 0: 0: 1: FFXX: XXXXXX, for identifying Solicited-Dode multicast addresses.
7. The network multicast addressing method according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein 7 segments constituting the multicast address, the 1 st segment to the 5 th segment and the 7 th segment are decimal values, the 6 th segment is a character string value, and each segment is separated by a one-sided brace symbol.
8. The network multicast addressing method according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein when the 7 segments constituting the multicast address are all 0, the multicast address is regarded as an unspecified address; when the 1 st segment to the 6 th segment in the 7 segments forming the multicast address are 0 and the 7 th segment is 1, the multicast address is used as a return address, and the node with the return address is used for sending a data packet to the node.
9. The network multicast addressing method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the multicast address has an address prefix, the length of which is the decimal value constituting the address prefix.
10. An internet addressed by the network multicast addressing method of any of claims 1 to 9, for transmitting data packets.
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Application publication date: 20211123 |