CN113691099B - A high-efficiency fast electric permanent magnet brake - Google Patents
A high-efficiency fast electric permanent magnet brake Download PDFInfo
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- CN113691099B CN113691099B CN202110897967.4A CN202110897967A CN113691099B CN 113691099 B CN113691099 B CN 113691099B CN 202110897967 A CN202110897967 A CN 202110897967A CN 113691099 B CN113691099 B CN 113691099B
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- H02K49/10—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the permanent-magnet type
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高效快速电永磁制动器,包括机架,所述机架内设置有动子组件、定子组件、弹簧组件,机架两侧分别设置有第一输出组件、第二输出组件;所述动子组件包括动子块、动子固定板、滑动件;动子块有两个且两个动子块对称设置,两个动子块顶端、底端分别通过两个动子固定板相连接,动子固定板上设置有滑动件并通过滑动件与机架滑动连接;所述定子组件设置在两个动子块之间,定子组件上下两端分别与机架固定连接;所述弹簧组件位于机架内侧面与动子组件之间,第一输出组件与动子组件的一端固定连接,第二输出组件与第一输出组件相对设置且第二输出组件与机架的一端固定连接。本制动器高效快速。
The invention discloses a high-efficiency fast electric permanent magnet brake, which comprises a frame, a mover assembly, a stator assembly, and a spring assembly are arranged in the frame, and a first output assembly and a second output assembly are respectively arranged on both sides of the frame. The mover assembly includes a mover block, a mover fixing plate, and a slider; there are two mover blocks and the two mover blocks are arranged symmetrically, and the top and bottom ends of the two mover blocks are respectively fixed by two movers The plates are connected with each other, and a slider is arranged on the fixed plate of the mover, which is slidably connected with the frame through the slider; the stator assembly is arranged between the two mover blocks, and the upper and lower ends of the stator assembly are respectively fixedly connected with the frame; The spring assembly is located between the inner side of the frame and the mover assembly, the first output assembly is fixedly connected to one end of the mover assembly, the second output assembly is opposite to the first output assembly, and the second output assembly is fixed to one end of the frame connect. This brake is efficient and fast.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及机电领域,尤其涉及一种高效快速电永磁制动器。The invention relates to the electromechanical field, in particular to a high-efficiency fast electric permanent magnet brake.
背景技术Background technique
作为现代工业中一种传递动力和控制运动的自动化执行元件,电磁制动器因其结构紧凑、响应快,寿命长、可靠性高、易于实现远距离控制等优点,广泛应用于矿井、建筑、起重、运输、船泊等领域。电磁制动器通过激磁线圈通、断电来实现制动器的开、合制动作用,都有其优缺点及其特定的应用场合。As an automatic actuator for transmitting power and controlling motion in modern industry, electromagnetic brakes are widely used in mines, construction, lifting, etc. due to their compact structure, fast response, long life, high reliability, and easy remote control. , transportation, ship berthing and other fields. The electromagnetic brake realizes the opening and closing braking effect of the brake by turning on and off the excitation coil, which has its advantages and disadvantages and its specific application occasions.
现有的电磁类制动器,如电磁粉末制动器适用于各种机器的驱动系统,磁粉惯性极小,响应速度快,控制力矩大,但磁粉会引起零件磨损且制动功率全部转为热能消耗,效率低;电磁涡流制动器常用于有垂直载荷的机械中,坚固耐用、维修方便、调速范围大,但低速时效率低、温升高,必须采取散热措施。电磁摩擦式制动器结构简单,响应速度快,但其性能受摩擦材料及工作温度的影响较大。以上电磁制动器对于矿井提升设备、高速电梯等大功率、频繁起动设备,寿命短、容易损害、制动效率低、延迟等问题,易造成设备振动、留滞等现象,极大的影响其运输效率,降低安全性。Existing electromagnetic brakes, such as electromagnetic powder brakes, are suitable for the drive systems of various machines. The inertia of magnetic powder is extremely small, the response speed is fast, and the control torque is large. However, magnetic powder will cause parts to wear and all braking power will be converted to heat consumption. Low: Electromagnetic eddy current brakes are often used in machinery with vertical loads. They are durable, easy to maintain, and have a wide range of speed regulation. However, at low speeds, they have low efficiency and high temperature, so heat dissipation measures must be taken. Electromagnetic friction brake has simple structure and fast response, but its performance is greatly affected by friction material and working temperature. The above electromagnetic brakes have problems such as short life, easy damage, low braking efficiency, and delay for high-power and frequent starting equipment such as mine hoisting equipment and high-speed elevators, which may easily cause equipment vibration and retention, which greatly affects its transportation efficiency. , reducing security.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明目的是针对上述问题,提供一种结构简单、响应速度快,无延迟、控制力矩大的高效快速电永磁制动器。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide a high-efficiency fast electric permanent magnet brake with simple structure, fast response speed, no delay and large control torque.
为了实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案是:In order to achieve the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:
一种高效快速电永磁制动器,包括机架,所述机架内设置有动子组件、定子组件、弹簧组件,机架两侧分别设置有第一输出组件、第二输出组件;所述动子组件包括动子块、动子固定板、滑动件;动子块有两个且两个动子块对称设置,两个动子块顶端、底端分别通过两个动子固定板相连接,动子固定板上设置有滑动件并通过滑动件与机架滑动连接;所述定子组件设置在两个动子块之间,定子组件上下两端分别与机架固定连接;所述弹簧组件位于机架内侧面与动子组件之间,第一输出组件与动子组件的一端固定连接,第二输出组件与第一输出组件相对设置且第二输出组件与机架的一端固定连接。A high-efficiency fast electric permanent magnet brake, including a frame, a mover assembly, a stator assembly, and a spring assembly are arranged inside the frame, and a first output assembly and a second output assembly are respectively arranged on both sides of the frame; The sub-assembly includes a mover block, a mover fixing plate, and a slider; there are two mover blocks and the two mover blocks are symmetrically arranged, and the top and bottom ends of the two mover blocks are respectively connected by two mover fixing plates. A slider is arranged on the moving element fixing plate and is slidably connected with the frame through the sliding element; the stator assembly is arranged between two moving element blocks, and the upper and lower ends of the stator assembly are respectively fixedly connected with the frame; the spring assembly is located at Between the inner side of the frame and the moving subassembly, the first output assembly is fixedly connected to one end of the moving subassembly, the second output assembly is arranged opposite to the first output assembly, and the second output assembly is fixedly connected to one end of the frame.
进一步的,所述定子组件包括永磁体、铁芯、线圈,永磁体、铁芯、线圈均设置在两个动子块之间,铁芯有两个且分别设置在永磁体的上下两端,铁芯外侧均缠绕有线圈,铁芯、永磁体均与机架固定连接。Further, the stator assembly includes permanent magnets, iron cores, and coils, and the permanent magnets, iron cores, and coils are all arranged between the two mover blocks, and there are two iron cores that are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the permanent magnets. A coil is wound on the outer side of the iron core, and the iron core and the permanent magnet are fixedly connected with the frame.
进一步的,所述弹簧组件包括芯轴挡板、弹簧,芯轴挡板、弹簧均设置在机架内侧面与动子组件之间,芯轴挡板的一端与机架内侧面固定连接,芯轴挡板的另一端设置有连接轴,所述弹簧套接在连接轴外侧,弹簧的一端与芯轴挡板相接触,弹簧的另一端与动子块相接触。Further, the spring assembly includes a mandrel baffle and a spring, the mandrel baffle and the spring are arranged between the inner side of the frame and the mover assembly, one end of the mandrel baffle is fixedly connected to the inner side of the frame, and the core The other end of the shaft baffle is provided with a connecting shaft, the spring is sleeved on the outside of the connecting shaft, one end of the spring is in contact with the mandrel baffle, and the other end of the spring is in contact with the mover block.
进一步的,所述第一输出组件、第二输出组件均包括连接板、吊耳、固定轴、关节轴承,吊耳有两个且两个吊耳对称设置在连接板的一侧,连接板的另一侧与动子块或机架固定连接,吊耳上设置有对穿通孔,对穿通孔内插接有固定轴并通过固定轴与关节轴承的一端销轴连接。第一输出组件与第二输出组件安装方向垂直,可实现任意方向的运动输出或动力输出。Further, the first output assembly and the second output assembly both include a connecting plate, a lifting lug, a fixed shaft, and a joint bearing. There are two lifting lugs and the two lifting lugs are arranged symmetrically on one side of the connecting plate. The other side is fixedly connected with the mover block or the frame, and the lifting lug is provided with a through-hole, and a fixed shaft is inserted into the through-hole, and is connected with a pin shaft at one end of the joint bearing through the fixed shaft. The installation direction of the first output assembly and the second output assembly are perpendicular to each other, so that motion output or power output in any direction can be realized.
进一步的,所述机架包括左侧板、右侧板、底板,左侧板与右侧板对称设置,底板有两个且两个底板对称设置在左侧板、右侧板的上下两端,底板上设置有滑动长孔,动子固定板上的滑动件穿过滑动长孔并可沿滑动长孔的长度方向滑动;所述左侧板上设置有安装孔,第一输出组件的连接板穿过安装孔后与动子块外侧面固定连接。Further, the frame includes a left side board, a right side board and a bottom board, the left side board and the right side board are arranged symmetrically, there are two bottom boards and the two bottom boards are symmetrically arranged at the upper and lower ends of the left side board and the right side board , the bottom plate is provided with a long sliding hole, the sliding piece on the fixed plate of the mover passes through the long sliding hole and can slide along the length of the long sliding hole; the left side plate is provided with a mounting hole, the connection of the first output assembly After passing through the installation hole, the plate is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the mover block.
进一步的,所述弹簧组件设置在动子块与右侧板内侧面之间,弹簧组件还包括定位板,定位板的一端与动子块外侧面固定连接,定位板的另一端设置有弹簧定位槽,弹簧的一端嵌接在弹簧定位槽内,弹簧的另一端与芯轴挡板相接触,芯轴挡板与右侧板内侧面固定连接。Further, the spring assembly is arranged between the mover block and the inner side of the right side plate, the spring assembly also includes a positioning plate, one end of the positioning plate is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the mover block, and the other end of the positioning plate is provided with a spring positioning groove, one end of the spring is embedded in the spring positioning groove, the other end of the spring is in contact with the mandrel baffle, and the mandrel baffle is fixedly connected to the inner side of the right side plate.
进一步的,所述定子组件还包括定子固定板,定子固定板与永磁体、铁芯的前后端面固定连接,定子固定板上下两端与两个底板固定连接。Further, the stator assembly further includes a stator fixing plate, which is fixedly connected to the front and rear end faces of the permanent magnet and the iron core, and the upper and lower ends of the stator fixing plate are fixedly connected to the two bottom plates.
进一步的,所述左侧板、右侧板上均设置有螺栓通孔,螺栓通孔内设置有调节螺栓,两个调节螺栓穿过螺栓通孔后分别与两个动子块外侧面相抵接。Further, the left side plate and the right side plate are provided with bolt through holes, the bolt through holes are provided with adjusting bolts, and the two adjusting bolts pass through the bolt through holes and abut against the outer surfaces of the two mover blocks respectively. .
进一步的,所述机架包括筒壁、支撑板,筒壁与支撑板相连接后构成一端开口的圆柱桶状;所述筒壁内侧面设置有滑轨并通过滑轨与设置在动子固定板上的滑动件滑动连接;所述永磁体、铁芯与筒壁内侧面固定连接;所述弹簧组件设置在动子块与支撑板之间,芯轴挡板与支撑板内侧面固定连接。Further, the frame includes a cylinder wall and a support plate, and the cylinder wall and the support plate are connected to form a cylindrical barrel shape with one end open; the inner surface of the cylinder wall is provided with a slide rail and is fixed to the mover by the slide rail. The sliding part on the plate is slidably connected; the permanent magnet and the iron core are fixedly connected to the inner surface of the cylinder wall; the spring assembly is arranged between the mover block and the support plate, and the mandrel baffle is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the support plate.
与现有技术相比,本发明具有的优点和积极效果是:Compared with prior art, the advantages and positive effects that the present invention has are:
本发明在进行工作时,将机架进行固定,然后对线圈进行通电,在电磁力的作用下,动子块会产生一个向弹簧方向移动的作用力,同时滑动件与机架之间进行滑动,整个动子组件以及与动子块固定连接的第一输出组件均向弹簧组件方向移动,此时,弹簧呈压缩状态;当线圈断电时,在弹簧作用力下,动子组件、第一输出组件恢复原位,依此循环,从而实现电磁作动器的工作。When the present invention is working, the frame is fixed, and then the coil is energized. Under the action of electromagnetic force, the mover block will generate a force to move towards the direction of the spring, and at the same time, the sliding part and the frame will slide , the entire mover assembly and the first output assembly fixedly connected to the mover block move towards the direction of the spring assembly. At this time, the spring is in a compressed state; when the coil is powered off, under the force of the spring, the mover assembly, the first The output assembly returns to its original position and circulates accordingly to realize the work of the electromagnetic actuator.
总的来说,本发明体积小、结构简单,易装配、拆卸;因永磁体特殊结构设计,同 等条件下可实现5~10倍的扭矩或牛顿力;制动快,无延迟、可频繁使用;工作环境无要 求,除矿井提升设备、高速电梯等大功率、频繁起动设备外,还可用于其他大功率设备;可 实现任意方向输出及连接任意组件。以上特点有效提高了电永磁制动器的生产效率。 In general, the present invention Small size, simple structure, easy to assemble and disassemble; Due to the special structural design of the permanent magnet, it can achieve 5~10 times the torque or Newton force under the same conditions; Fast braking, no delay, can be used frequently; There is no requirement for the working environment, except for high-power and frequent starting equipment such as mine hoisting equipment and high-speed elevators, it can also be used for other high-power equipment; It can realize output in any direction and connect any components. The above features effectively improve the production efficiency of the electric permanent magnet brake.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.
图1为实施例1的整体结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the overall structural representation of
图2为实施例1的机架结构图;Fig. 2 is the rack structural diagram of
图3为实施例1的内部结构图;Fig. 3 is the internal structure figure of
图4为实施例2的整体结构示意图;Fig. 4 is the overall structural representation of
图5为实施例2的机架结构图;Fig. 5 is the rack structural diagram of
图6为实施例2的内部结构图。FIG. 6 is an internal structure diagram of
具体实施方式detailed description
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative work, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc., shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention Inside.
实施例1、如图1、图2和图3所示,本实施例公开了一种高效快速电永磁制动器,其包括机架、动子组件、定子组件、弹簧组件、第一输出组件、第二输出组件;
机架的结构如图2所示:其包括左侧板1、底板2、右侧板3,底板2为两个,分别设置在左侧板1、右侧板3上下两端;左侧板1中间开有安装孔及螺栓通孔,安装孔便于安装第一输出组件,螺栓通孔内连接调节螺栓19来对动子组件的位置进行调整;The structure of the rack is shown in Figure 2: it includes a
动子组件包括两个动子块4、两个动子固定板5、滑块6,两个动子块4左右对称设置,动子固定板5设置在动子块4上下两端,用于动子块4的位置固定,使两个动子块4之间的间距一定。The mover assembly includes two mover blocks 4, two
滑块6有八个,上部4个滑块安装在动子块顶端的动子固定板5上端面,下部的4个滑块安装在动子块4底端的动子固定板5下端面,其可在底板2上设置的滑动长孔201内自由滑动。There are eight
定子组件包括永磁体7、铁芯9、线圈8、定子固定板10;永磁体7上下两端安装有缠绕线圈8的铁芯9,且永磁体7、铁芯9均位于两个动子块4之间;定子固定板10有四个,用于上下铁芯9、永磁体7的固定,使三者成为一体;最后将三者整体固定在机架上。The stator assembly includes a permanent magnet 7, an
弹簧组件包括定位板11、弹簧12、心轴挡板13;定位板11固定于动子块4(右边)上,另一侧上开有弹簧定位槽,用于辅助弹簧定位;心轴挡板13的一侧设置有连接轴,心轴挡板13固定在右侧板3内侧;弹簧12的一端套在心轴挡板13的连接轴上,另一端放于定位板11的弹簧定位槽内。The spring assembly includes a
第一输出组件、第二输出组件均包括连接板14、吊耳15、固定轴16、开口销17、关节轴承18;第一输出组件的连接板14穿过安装孔后与动子块4(左边)固定连接,第二输出组件的连接板14固定在右侧板3外侧面上,连接板上对称设置有吊耳15,吊耳15上穿插有固定轴16并通过固定轴16与关节轴承18销轴连接,固定轴16上穿插有开口销17来防止固定轴脱出吊耳15。Both the first output assembly and the second output assembly include a connecting
实施例2、如图4、图5和图6所示,本实施例公开了一种高效快速电永磁制动器,其包括机架、动子组件、定子组件、弹簧组件、第一输出组件、第二输出组件;
机架的结构如图5所示:其包括筒壁1、滑轨2、支撑板3;筒壁1为圆筒型,滑轨2两个,对称布置在筒壁1内壁上,支撑板3固定在筒壁1的一端。The structure of the frame is shown in Figure 5: it includes a
动子组件包括两个动子块4、两个动子固定板5、滑道6,两个动子块4左右对称设置,动子固定板5设置在动子块4上下两端,用于动子块4的位置固定,使两个动子块4之间的间距一定。The mover assembly includes two mover blocks 4, two
滑道6有两个,其中一个安装在动子块顶端的动子固定板5上端面,另一个安装在动子块4底端的动子固定板5下端面,其可与滑轨2相配合进行滑动。There are two
定子组件包括永磁体9、铁芯7、线圈8;永磁体9上下两端安装有缠绕线圈8的铁芯7,且永磁体9、铁芯7均位于两个动子块4之间;永磁体9、铁芯7固定在筒壁1内侧壁上。The stator assembly includes a
弹簧组件包括弹簧11、心轴挡板10;心轴挡板10的一侧设置有连接轴,心轴挡板10固定在支撑板3内侧;弹簧11的一端套在心轴挡板10的连接轴上,另一端与动子块4(右边)相连接。The spring assembly includes a
第一输出组件、第二输出组件均包括连接板12、吊耳13、固定轴14、关节轴承15;第一输出组件的连接板12与动子块4(左边)固定连接,第二输出组件的连接板12固定在支撑板3外侧面上,连接板上对称设置有吊耳13,吊耳13上穿插有固定轴14并通过固定轴14与关节轴承15销轴连接。Both the first output assembly and the second output assembly include a connecting
实施例2中主要采用圆形外壳结构,其既可以做机架又可以起到防护作用,减少了防护栏的安装;同时相比于其它形式的机架,其强度及稳定性更高,并且其结构简单,便于加工,提高了电永磁制动器的生产效率。In
定子组件固定在机架上,定子组价与左、右动子块4之间有一定间隙,其分别为左间隙与右间隙,因左右间隙不一致。根据电磁理论,其产生的电磁力也不相等,间隙越小,其电磁力越大。The stator assembly is fixed on the frame, and there is a certain gap between the stator assembly and the left and right mover blocks 4, which are respectively the left gap and the right gap, because the left and right gaps are inconsistent. According to the electromagnetic theory, the electromagnetic force generated by it is also not equal, the smaller the gap, the greater the electromagnetic force.
本发明在进行工作时,将机架进行固定,然后对线圈进行通电,在电磁力的作用下,动子块会产生一个向弹簧方向移动的作用力,同时滑动件与机架之间进行滑动,整个动子组件以及与动子块固定连接的第一输出组件均向弹簧组件方向移动,此时,弹簧呈压缩状态;当线圈断电时,在弹簧作用力下,动子组件、第一输出组件恢复原位,依此循环,从而实现电磁作动器的工作;本发明结构简单,装配难度较低,从而有效提高了电永磁制动器的生产效率,给电永磁制动器的生产工作带来了便利。When the present invention is working, the frame is fixed, and then the coil is energized. Under the action of electromagnetic force, the mover block will generate a force to move towards the direction of the spring, and at the same time, the sliding part and the frame will slide , the entire mover assembly and the first output assembly fixedly connected to the mover block move towards the direction of the spring assembly. At this time, the spring is in a compressed state; when the coil is powered off, under the force of the spring, the mover assembly, the first The output assembly returns to its original position and circulates in this way to realize the work of the electromagnetic actuator; the invention has a simple structure and low assembly difficulty, thereby effectively improving the production efficiency of the electric permanent magnetic brake and bringing new benefits to the production work of the electric permanent magnetic brake. Here comes the convenience.
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