CN113690994A - Low-temperature charging and battery replacing system for lithium battery - Google Patents
Low-temperature charging and battery replacing system for lithium battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN113690994A CN113690994A CN202111107242.7A CN202111107242A CN113690994A CN 113690994 A CN113690994 A CN 113690994A CN 202111107242 A CN202111107242 A CN 202111107242A CN 113690994 A CN113690994 A CN 113690994A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/007188—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
- H02J7/007192—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature
- H02J7/007194—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature of the battery
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-temperature charging and battery-replacing system for a lithium battery, which comprises a battery external heating system and a battery bidirectional pulse charging and discharging system. The bidirectional charging and discharging system can charge, pulse heat or pulse charge the battery system. Energy supply, low-temperature heating and low-temperature charging of the battery system are achieved. The battery external heating system comprises a heating plate, a heat source, other heating auxiliary components, a control system and the like, is positioned outside the battery system, and heats the battery through heat conduction. This scheme carries out low temperature rapid heating and quick charge to placing battery module, the battery package in filling and trading the electrical system, guarantees that battery system realizes quick temperature rise under low temperature environment, has good temperature uniformity to finally realize quick charge under the low temperature environment. Compared with the conventional system, the lithium ion battery can be charged with more electricity more quickly at low temperature, and meanwhile, the lithium ion risk and the capacity fading of low-temperature charging are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, in particular to a low-temperature charging and battery replacing system for a lithium battery.
Background
The lithium ion battery is used as a key component of a new energy power system and an energy storage system, and has increasingly wide application scenes and great development potential. Currently, the application of lithium ion batteries in low temperature scenes faces huge challenges. The low temperature environment can reduce the available capacity of the battery, and generate larger energy loss during charging and discharging, and the life cycle of the battery can be attenuated; on the other hand, the internal resistance of the battery increases at low temperatures, and low-temperature charging may reach the cutoff voltage early, resulting in a large reduction in chargeable capacity, and increasing the risk of precipitation and formation of lithium dendrites at the negative electrode, thereby further compromising battery safety. These problems all pose a significant obstacle to battery use in low temperature environments from the viewpoint of affecting battery performance, battery life, safety, and the like. Therefore, there is a need to solve the problems of excessively low battery temperature, low chargeable capacity, severe battery deterioration, and reduced safety when charging a battery in a cold environment. There is a need for efficient heating of lithium batteries before and during charging of the batteries.
Currently, a battery replacement technology is being developed, and a battery replacement system needs to raise the temperature of a battery in a low-temperature charging scene and perform charging at a proper temperature. However, the existing external heating method has poor temperature consistency, low efficiency and low temperature rise rate. Therefore, a battery heating method with high efficiency, high heating rate and good temperature consistency needs to be provided. Especially where the trade-offs in heating rate, lifetime impact and temperature rise uniformity are combined with integrated design issues. Too low heating rate can cause limitation of application scenes and even can not meet the heating requirement; if the influence on the service life is too large, the battery can be aged in advance, and safety risks are brought; if there is a large variation in temperature, the life and performance of the battery are impaired.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a low-temperature charging and battery replacing system for a lithium battery.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a low-temperature charging and battery-changing system for lithium batteries comprises a control system, a charging and discharging system, a battery system and a heating system, wherein,
the control system is connected with the charging and discharging system and provides a control strategy for the charging and discharging line system;
the charging and discharging system is connected with the battery system and is used for charging or discharging the battery system according to the control strategy, performing thermal control on the battery and supplying energy;
the battery system is connected with the heating system and used for realizing temperature heating and compensation of the lithium battery at low temperature.
The beneficial effects of above-mentioned scheme are that, carry out rapid heating and quick charge to battery system at low temperature, the temperature uniformity of battery has by a wide margin to promote, reduces decay and the safe risk under the battery low temperature work. Meanwhile, the quick charge at low temperature can be realized, and more electric quantity can be charged. The system provided by the invention can be applied to the battery replacing cabinet of the electric bicycle battery, the battery replacing station of the electric automobile, the energy storage battery station, the vehicle-mounted battery system of the electric automobile and the like.
Further, the charging and discharging system comprises a first unidirectional DC/DC converter, a second unidirectional DC/DC converter and a unidirectional AC/DC converter, wherein the external power supply is connected with the input end of the unidirectional AC/DC converter; the input end of the first unidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with the output end of the AC/DC converter, and the output end of the first unidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with the battery system; the input end of the second unidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with the output end of the battery system, the output end of the second unidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with the power consumption resistor, and the control system is respectively connected with the first unidirectional DC/DC converter, the second unidirectional DC/DC converter and the unidirectional AC/DC converter and provides a control strategy for the first unidirectional DC/DC converter, the second unidirectional DC/DC converter and the unidirectional AC/DC converter.
The further scheme has the advantages that the energy supply is provided for the battery system through the charge and discharge system, and meanwhile bidirectional pulse heating can be provided for the battery system through the charge and discharge system.
Furthermore, the heating system adopts an electric heating plate which is closely attached to the battery system and controls the work of the electric heating plate through an external power supply.
The beneficial effect of the above-mentioned further scheme is, provide the temperature rise under the low temperature condition for battery system.
Further, the control strategy is as follows:
under the low-temperature heating condition:
charging the battery through the unidirectional AC/DC converter and the first DC/DC converter, starting the second DC/DC converter to perform a discharging process of a set waveform on the battery after charging for a first time interval of the set waveform, discharging for a second time interval, discharging the power consumption resistor by the battery system, and heating the battery to a first set temperature by reciprocating and alternating the processes;
the electric heating plate is driven by the power supply to conduct and heat the battery system until the battery is heated to a set temperature threshold value, and then the heating is stopped;
under the low-temperature charging condition:
after the battery is heated to a set temperature threshold value through a charging and discharging system and a heating system, the battery is charged in a single direction, in the charging process, the single-direction AC/DC converter and the first single-direction DC/DC converter work, the second single-direction DC/DC converter does not work, the battery system is charged by the external power supply, and the power supply drives the electric heating plate to conduct, heat and preserve heat on the battery system; when the temperature of the battery system is reduced to a second set temperature, a charge-discharge alternation strategy is executed, the unidirectional AC/DC converter and the first unidirectional DC/DC converter charge the battery, after the battery is charged for a first time interval by a set waveform, a second DC/DC converter is started to discharge the battery for a second time interval in the process of discharging by the set waveform, the battery is alternately reciprocated, and the battery is heated to a third set temperature;
the battery system discharges the power consumption resistor, the electric heating plate is driven by the power supply to conduct and heat the battery system, and the battery system and the charge-discharge alternative heating strategy are cooperatively and jointly heated.
The scheme has the beneficial effects that the low-temperature heating and low-temperature charging and discharging processes of the battery are executed through different control strategies.
Further, the heating system comprises a circulating liquid storage tank, a water pump and a runner plate; the runner plate is arranged on the battery system and used for heating the battery system; the circulating liquid storage tank is sequentially connected with the water pump and the runner plate through pipelines, and reflows to the circulating liquid storage tank through the runner plate to form a heat circulating structure; and a heater and a power consumption resistor are arranged in the circulating liquid storage tank, wherein the heater is connected with an external power supply, and the power consumption resistor is connected with the output end of the second DC/DC converter.
The beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme is that, adopt different external heating device, utilize the thermal cycle water to heat battery system.
Further, the control strategy is as follows:
under the low-temperature heating condition:
charging the battery through the unidirectional AC/DC converter and the first DC/DC converter, starting the second DC/DC converter to discharge the power consumption resistance with the set waveform after charging for a first time interval with the set waveform, and heating the battery to a first set temperature by reciprocating and alternating the process;
the power supply drives a heater and a power consumption resistor in the circulating liquid storage tank to heat the circulating liquid, a circulation is established through the water pump, and the battery system is heated by conduction through the runner plate until the battery is heated to a set temperature threshold value and then is stopped heating;
under the low-temperature charging condition:
the battery is charged in a single direction after being heated to a set temperature threshold value through a charging and discharging system and a heating system, in the charging process, the single-direction AC/DC converter and the first single-direction DC/DC converter work, the second single-direction DC/DC converter does not work, the battery system is charged through the external power supply, a heater in a circulating liquid storage box is driven by the power supply to heat circulating liquid, circulation is established through a water pump, and the battery system is heated and insulated in a conduction mode through a runner plate; when the temperature of the battery is reduced to a second set temperature, a charge-discharge alternation strategy is executed, the unidirectional AC/DC converter and the first unidirectional DC/DC converter charge the battery, after the battery is charged for a first time interval by a set waveform, a second DC/DC converter is started to discharge the battery for a second time interval in the process of discharging by the set waveform, the battery is alternately reciprocated, and the battery is heated to a third set temperature;
and the battery system discharges the power consumption resistor, the heater heats the circulating liquid in the circulating liquid storage tank, and the battery system and the charge-discharge alternative heating strategy are cooperatively and jointly heated.
Further, the charging and discharging system comprises a bidirectional AC/DC converter and a bidirectional DC/DC converter, the bidirectional AC/DC converter is respectively connected with an external power supply and the bidirectional DC/DC converter, and the bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with the battery system; the control system is respectively connected with the bidirectional DC/DC converter and the bidirectional AC/DC converter; the heating system adopts an external heating system.
Further, the control strategy is that,
under the low-temperature heating condition:
after the bidirectional AC/DC converter and the bidirectional DC/DC converter charge the battery for a second time interval with a set waveform, the bidirectional AC/DC converter and the bidirectional DC/DC converter discharge the battery with the set waveform and alternate in a reciprocating manner until the battery is heated to a set first set temperature;
the heating system is driven by an external power supply to conduct and heat the battery system until the battery is heated to a set temperature threshold value, and then heating is stopped;
under the low-temperature charging condition:
after the battery is heated to a set threshold temperature through a charging and discharging system and a heating system, the bidirectional AC/DC converter and the bidirectional DC/DC converter work simultaneously, the lithium battery is charged unidirectionally through an external power supply, and meanwhile, the external heating system keeps warm; and when the temperature of the battery is reduced, a charge-discharge alternation strategy is executed, the battery system supplies energy to an external power supply through the bidirectional DC/DC converter and the bidirectional AC/DC converter for interactive heating, and the battery system and the external heating system perform combined heating.
The further scheme has the advantages that the bidirectional AC/DC converter and the bidirectional DC/DC converter are adopted, system components are simplified, and compensation of a power grid can be realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structure diagram of a low-temperature charging and battery-replacing system for lithium batteries according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery bidirectional pulse charging and discharging system of a battery external heating system and a dual unidirectional DC/DC converter using an electric heating plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery bidirectional pulse charge-discharge system using a battery external heating system heated by circulating liquid and a dual unidirectional DC/DC converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 shows a scheme of a battery bidirectional pulse charging and discharging system of a battery external heating system and a bidirectional DC/DC converter and a bidirectional AC/AC converter using an electric heating plate according to an embodiment of the present invention
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
A low-temperature charging and battery-replacing system of a lithium battery is shown in figure 1 and comprises a control system, a charging and discharging system, a battery system and a heating system, wherein,
the control system is connected with the charging and discharging system and provides a control strategy for the charging and discharging line system;
the charging and discharging system is connected with the battery system and is used for charging or discharging the battery system according to the control strategy, performing thermal control on the battery and supplying energy;
the battery system is connected with the heating system and used for realizing temperature heating and compensation of the lithium battery at low temperature.
In particular, the method of manufacturing a semiconductor device,
as shown in fig. 2, the charging and discharging system includes a first unidirectional DC/DC converter, a second unidirectional DC/DC converter, and a unidirectional AC/DC converter, wherein the external power source is connected to an input terminal of the unidirectional AC/DC converter; the input end of the first unidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with the output end of the AC/DC converter, and the output end of the first unidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with the battery system; the input end of the second unidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with the output end of the battery system, the output end of the second unidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with the power consumption resistor, and the control system is respectively connected with the first unidirectional DC/DC converter, the second unidirectional DC/DC converter and the unidirectional AC/DC converter and provides a control strategy for the first unidirectional DC/DC converter, the second unidirectional DC/DC converter and the unidirectional AC/DC converter.
The heating system adopts an electric heating plate which is closely attached to the battery system and controls the work of the electric heating plate through an external power supply.
The control strategy under this scenario is:
low-temperature heating scheme:
a. the system faces to a low-temperature heating scene, and bidirectional pulse heating can be realized through a battery bidirectional charging and discharging system. The battery is charged through the AC/DC converter and the first DC/DC converter, after the battery is charged for a certain time by a certain waveform, the battery is suspended, and then the second DC/DC converter is started to perform a discharging process of a certain waveform on the battery, and the discharging process is alternated in a reciprocating way. Thereby heating the battery to a certain temperature.
b. The system faces a low-temperature heating scene, and the conduction heating of the battery can be realized through the external heating system of the battery. The power supply drives the electric heating plate to work to generate heat to conduct and heat the battery system, so that the battery is heated to a certain temperature.
c. The system faces to a low-temperature heating scene, bidirectional pulse heating can be realized through a battery bidirectional charging and discharging system, and the battery is heated in a conduction mode by combining a battery external heating system.
The control strategy executed under the low-temperature heating condition in the scheme is as follows:
charging the battery through the unidirectional AC/DC converter and the first DC/DC converter, starting the second DC/DC converter to perform a discharging process of a set waveform on the battery after charging for a first time interval of the set waveform, discharging for a second time interval, discharging the power consumption resistor by the battery system, and heating the battery to a first set temperature by reciprocating and alternating the processes;
the electric heating plate is driven by the power supply to conduct and heat the battery system until the battery is heated to a set temperature threshold value, and then heating is stopped.
Low-temperature charging scheme:
a. the system faces to a low-temperature charging scene, bidirectional pulse heating can be realized through a battery bidirectional charging and discharging system, and after the battery is heated to a certain temperature, the battery is charged in a unidirectional mode; after the temperature of the battery is reduced, the battery is subjected to pulse heating, and after the temperature is increased, the energy of the battery is supplied through unidirectional charging. The two processes can be repeatedly and alternately executed, so that the low-temperature charging of the lithium ion battery is realized.
b. The system faces to a low-temperature charging scene, bidirectional pulse charging can be realized through a battery bidirectional charging and discharging system, and simultaneous temperature rise and energy supply of the lithium ion battery at low temperature are realized by setting specific charging pulses and discharging pulses.
c. The system is oriented to a low-temperature charging scene, the battery is heated through the external heating system of the battery, and meanwhile, the battery bidirectional charging and discharging system control strategy of the a or b is adopted, so that the simultaneous temperature rise and energy supply of the lithium ion battery at low temperature are realized.
d. The system is oriented to a low-temperature charging scene, the battery is heated through the external heating system of the battery, unidirectional charging is realized through the bidirectional charging and discharging system of the battery, and simultaneous temperature rise and energy supply of the lithium ion battery at low temperature are realized.
The low temperature charging strategy under this scheme is:
after the battery is heated to a set temperature threshold value through a charging and discharging system and a heating system, the battery is charged in a single direction, in the charging process, the single-direction AC/DC converter and the first single-direction DC/DC converter work, the second single-direction DC/DC converter does not work, the battery system is charged by the external power supply, and the power supply drives the electric heating plate to conduct, heat and preserve heat on the battery system; when the temperature of the battery system is reduced to a second set temperature, a charge-discharge alternation strategy is executed, the unidirectional AC/DC converter and the first unidirectional DC/DC converter charge the battery, after the battery is charged for a first time interval by a set waveform, a second DC/DC converter is started to discharge the battery for a second time interval in the process of discharging by the set waveform, the battery is alternately reciprocated, and the battery is heated to a third set temperature;
the battery system discharges the power consumption resistor, the electric heating plate is driven by the power supply to conduct and heat the battery system, and the battery system and the charge-discharge alternative heating strategy are cooperatively and jointly heated.
As shown in fig. 3, another embodiment of the present solution is shown, in this embodiment, the charging and discharging system is the same as the above solution, and the heating system adopted in this embodiment includes a circulating liquid storage tank, a water pump and a runner plate; the runner plate is arranged on the battery system and used for heating the battery system; the circulating liquid storage tank is sequentially connected with the water pump and the runner plate through pipelines, and reflows to the circulating liquid storage tank through the runner plate to form a heat circulating structure; and a heater and a power consumption resistor are arranged in the circulating liquid storage tank, wherein the heater is connected with an external power supply, and the power consumption resistor is connected with the output end of the second DC/DC converter.
In this embodiment, the bi-directional battery charging/discharging system can perform charging, pulse heating or pulse charging on the battery system. The bidirectional charge-discharge system may be composed of two unidirectional DC/DC converters and one unidirectional AC/DC converter. The AC power supply end is connected with the input end of the unidirectional AC/DC converter, the output end of the unidirectional AC/DC converter is connected with the first unidirectional DC/DC converter, and the first unidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with the battery system. The second unidirectional DC/DC link is coupled to the battery system and the power consuming resistor. The control system controls the AC/DC converter and the first unidirectional DC/DC converter to charge the battery system. The control system controls the second unidirectional DC/DC to discharge the battery system. The charging and discharging do not occur simultaneously, namely when the AC/DC converter and the unidirectional DC/DC converter work, the second unidirectional DC/DC edger does not work; the second unidirectional DC/DC converter operates while the converter, the unidirectional AC/DC converter and the first unidirectional DC/DC converter do not operate. So that the bidirectional energy flow of the battery system can be realized in combination.
The battery external heating system adopts a liquid heating scheme, circulating liquid is positioned in a circulating liquid storage tank, and a heater and a power consumption resistor of the battery bidirectional charging and discharging system are arranged in the circulating liquid storage tank to heat the circulating liquid. The water pump pumps the circulating liquid from the circulating liquid storage tank into the runner plate and establishes circulation. The runner plate transfers the heat of the high-temperature liquid to the battery system, so that the battery system is heated.
Low-temperature heating scheme:
a. the system faces to a low-temperature heating scene, and bidirectional pulse heating can be realized through a battery bidirectional charging and discharging system. The battery is charged through AC/DC and No. 1 DC/DC, after a certain waveform is charged for a certain time, the operation is suspended, then No. 2 DC/DC is started to perform a certain waveform discharging process on the battery, and the operation is alternated in a reciprocating way. Thereby heating the battery to a certain temperature.
b. The system faces a low-temperature heating scene, and the conduction heating of the battery can be realized through the external heating system of the battery. The power supply drives the heater in the circulating liquid storage tank to generate heat, the circulating liquid is heated, circulation is established through the water pump, and the battery system is conducted and heated through the runner plate, so that the battery is heated to a certain temperature.
c. The system faces to a low-temperature heating scene, bidirectional pulse heating can be realized through a battery bidirectional charging and discharging system, and the battery is heated in a conduction mode by combining a battery external heating system.
The low temperature heating strategy under this scheme is:
charging the battery through the unidirectional AC/DC converter and the first DC/DC converter, starting the second DC/DC converter to discharge the power consumption resistance with the set waveform after charging for a first time interval with the set waveform, and heating the battery to a first set temperature by reciprocating and alternating the process;
the power supply drives the heater and the power consumption resistor in the circulating liquid storage tank to heat the circulating liquid, the water pump establishes circulation, and the runner plate conducts and heats the battery system until the battery is heated to a set temperature threshold value and stops heating.
Low-temperature charging scheme:
a. the system faces to a low-temperature charging scene, bidirectional pulse heating can be realized through a battery bidirectional charging and discharging system, and after the battery is heated to a certain temperature, the battery is charged in a unidirectional mode; after the temperature of the battery is reduced, the battery is subjected to pulse heating, and after the temperature is increased, the energy of the battery is supplied through unidirectional charging. The two processes can be repeatedly and alternately executed, so that the low-temperature charging of the lithium ion battery is realized.
b. The system faces to a low-temperature charging scene, bidirectional pulse charging can be realized through a battery bidirectional charging and discharging system, and simultaneous temperature rise and energy supply of the lithium ion battery at low temperature are realized by setting specific charging pulses and discharging pulses.
c. The system is oriented to a low-temperature charging scene, the battery is heated through the external heating system of the battery, and meanwhile, the battery bidirectional charging and discharging system control strategy of the a or b is adopted, so that the simultaneous temperature rise and energy supply of the lithium ion battery at low temperature are realized.
d. The system is oriented to a low-temperature charging scene, the battery is heated through the external heating system of the battery, unidirectional charging is realized through the bidirectional charging and discharging system of the battery, and simultaneous temperature rise and energy supply of the lithium ion battery at low temperature are realized.
The low temperature charging strategy under this scheme is:
the battery is charged in a single direction after being heated to a set temperature threshold value through a charging and discharging system and a heating system, in the charging process, the single-direction AC/DC converter and the first single-direction DC/DC converter work, the second single-direction DC/DC converter does not work, the battery system is charged through the external power supply, a heater in a circulating liquid storage box is driven by the power supply to heat circulating liquid, circulation is established through a water pump, and the battery system is heated and insulated in a conduction mode through a runner plate; when the temperature of the battery is reduced to a second set temperature, a charge-discharge alternation strategy is executed, the unidirectional AC/DC converter and the first unidirectional DC/DC converter charge the battery, after the battery is charged for a first time interval by a set waveform, a second DC/DC converter is started to discharge the battery for a second time interval in the process of discharging by the set waveform, the battery is alternately reciprocated, and the battery is heated to a third set temperature;
and the battery system discharges the power consumption resistor, the heater heats the circulating liquid in the circulating liquid storage tank, and the battery system and the charge-discharge alternative heating strategy are cooperatively and jointly heated.
As shown in fig. 4, another embodiment of the present invention, in this embodiment, the charging and discharging system may be composed of a bidirectional AC/DC converter and a bidirectional DC/DC converter. The AC power end is a power supply allowing power feeding, and is connected with a bidirectional AC/DC converter, the bidirectional AC/DC converter is further connected with a bidirectional DC/DC, and the bidirectional DC/DC is further connected with the battery system. The control system controls the bidirectional AC/DC and the bidirectional DC/DC to charge and discharge the battery system. Thereby, a bidirectional energy flow of the battery system can be realized.
The battery external heating system adopts an electric heating plate, generates heat through power supply, is positioned outside the battery system and heats the battery through heat conduction.
The battery external heating system adopts a liquid heating scheme, circulating liquid is positioned in a circulating liquid storage tank, and a heater and a power consumption resistor of the battery bidirectional charging and discharging system are arranged in the circulating liquid storage tank to heat the circulating liquid. The water pump pumps the circulating liquid from the circulating liquid storage tank into the runner plate and establishes circulation. The runner plate transfers the heat of the high-temperature liquid to the battery system, so that the battery system is heated.
Low-temperature heating scheme:
a. the system faces to a low-temperature heating scene, and bidirectional pulse heating can be realized through a battery bidirectional charging and discharging system. The battery is charged through the bidirectional AC/DC and the bidirectional DC/DC, after the battery is charged for a certain time by a certain waveform, the bidirectional AC/DC and the bidirectional DC/DC perform a discharging process of a certain waveform on the battery, and the discharging process is alternated in a reciprocating mode. Thereby heating the battery to a certain temperature.
b. The system faces a low-temperature heating scene, and the conduction heating of the battery can be realized through the external heating system of the battery. The power supply drives the electric heating plate to work to generate heat to conduct and heat the battery system, so that the battery is heated to a certain temperature.
c. The system faces to a low-temperature heating scene, bidirectional pulse heating can be realized through a battery bidirectional charging and discharging system, and the battery is heated in a conduction mode by combining a battery external heating system.
The low temperature heating strategy under this scheme is:
after the bidirectional AC/DC converter and the bidirectional DC/DC converter charge the battery for a second time interval with a set waveform, the bidirectional AC/DC converter and the bidirectional DC/DC converter discharge the battery with the set waveform and alternate in a reciprocating manner until the battery is heated to a set first set temperature;
and driving a heating system by an external power supply to conduct and heat the battery system until the battery is heated to a set temperature threshold value, and stopping heating.
Low-temperature charging strategy:
a. the system faces to a low-temperature charging scene, bidirectional pulse heating can be realized through a battery bidirectional charging and discharging system, and after the battery is heated to a certain temperature, the battery is charged in a unidirectional mode; after the temperature of the battery is reduced, the battery is subjected to pulse heating, and after the temperature is increased, the energy of the battery is supplied through unidirectional charging. The two processes can be repeatedly and alternately executed, so that the low-temperature charging of the lithium ion battery is realized.
b. The system faces to a low-temperature charging scene, bidirectional pulse charging can be realized through a battery bidirectional charging and discharging system, and simultaneous temperature rise and energy supply of the lithium ion battery at low temperature are realized by setting specific charging pulses and discharging pulses.
c. The system is oriented to a low-temperature charging scene, the battery is heated through the external heating system of the battery, and meanwhile, the battery bidirectional charging and discharging system control strategy of the a or b is adopted, so that the simultaneous temperature rise and energy supply of the lithium ion battery at low temperature are realized.
d. The system is oriented to a low-temperature charging scene, the battery is heated through the external heating system of the battery, unidirectional charging is realized through the bidirectional charging and discharging system of the battery, and simultaneous temperature rise and energy supply of the lithium ion battery at low temperature are realized.
The low temperature charging strategy under this scheme is:
after the battery is heated to a set threshold temperature through a charging and discharging system and a heating system, the bidirectional AC/DC converter and the bidirectional DC/DC converter work simultaneously, the lithium battery is charged unidirectionally through an external power supply, and meanwhile, the external heating system keeps warm; and when the temperature of the battery is reduced, a charge-discharge alternation strategy is executed, the battery system supplies energy to an external power supply through the bidirectional DC/DC converter and the bidirectional AC/DC converter for interactive heating, and the battery system and the external heating system perform combined heating.
The low-temperature scene proposed herein is-30 ℃ to 10 ℃ in consideration of the actual working condition requirements of the lithium battery.
It can be understood that, in the scheme, the bidirectional battery charging and discharging system adopts bidirectional AC/DC and DC/DC schemes, and can also be combined with a liquid circulation battery external heating system.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying specific embodiments in the invention, and the description of the embodiments is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments described herein are intended to assist the reader in understanding the principles of the invention and are to be construed as being without limitation to such specifically recited embodiments and examples. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific changes and combinations based on the teachings of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these changes and combinations are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A low-temperature charging and battery-changing system for lithium batteries is characterized by comprising a control system, a charging and discharging system, a battery system and a heating system, wherein,
the control system is connected with the charging and discharging system and provides a control strategy for the charging and discharging line system;
the charging and discharging system is connected with the battery system and is used for charging or discharging the battery system according to the control strategy, performing thermal control on the battery and supplying energy;
the battery system is connected with the heating system and used for realizing temperature heating and compensation of the lithium battery at low temperature.
2. The lithium battery low-temperature charging and battery replacing system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the charging and discharging system comprises a first unidirectional DC/DC converter, a second unidirectional DC/DC converter and a unidirectional AC/DC converter, wherein the external power supply is connected with an input end of the unidirectional AC/DC converter; the input end of the first unidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with the output end of the AC/DC converter, and the output end of the first unidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with the battery system; the input end of the second unidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with the output end of the battery system, the output end of the second unidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with the power consumption resistor, and the control system is respectively connected with the first unidirectional DC/DC converter, the second unidirectional DC/DC converter and the unidirectional AC/DC converter and provides a control strategy for the first unidirectional DC/DC converter, the second unidirectional DC/DC converter and the unidirectional AC/DC converter.
3. The system for charging and replacing the lithium battery at low temperature as claimed in claim 2, wherein the heating system adopts an electric heating plate which is closely attached to the battery system and controls the operation of the electric heating plate through an external power supply.
4. The low-temperature lithium battery charging and replacing system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the control strategy is:
under the low-temperature heating condition:
charging the battery through the unidirectional AC/DC converter and the first DC/DC converter, starting the second DC/DC converter to perform a discharging process of a set waveform on the battery after charging for a first time interval of the set waveform, discharging for a second time interval, discharging the power consumption resistor by the battery system, and heating the battery to a first set temperature by reciprocating and alternating the processes;
the electric heating plate is driven by the power supply to conduct and heat the battery system until the battery is heated to a set temperature threshold value, and then the heating is stopped;
under the low-temperature charging condition:
after the battery is heated to a set temperature threshold value through a charging and discharging system and a heating system, the battery is charged in a single direction, in the charging process, the single-direction AC/DC converter and the first single-direction DC/DC converter work, the second single-direction DC/DC converter does not work, the battery system is charged by the external power supply, and the power supply drives the electric heating plate to conduct, heat and preserve heat on the battery system; when the temperature of the battery system is reduced to a second set temperature, a charge-discharge alternation strategy is executed, the unidirectional AC/DC converter and the first unidirectional DC/DC converter charge the battery, after the battery is charged for a first time interval by a set waveform, a second DC/DC converter is started to discharge the battery for a second time interval in the process of discharging by the set waveform, the battery is alternately reciprocated, and the battery is heated to a third set temperature;
the battery system discharges the power consumption resistor, the electric heating plate is driven by the power supply to conduct and heat the battery system, and the battery system and the charge-discharge alternative heating strategy are cooperatively and jointly heated.
5. The low-temperature lithium battery charging and replacing system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the heating system comprises a circulating liquid storage tank, a water pump and a runner plate; the runner plate is arranged on the battery system and used for heating the battery system; the circulating liquid storage tank is sequentially connected with the water pump and the runner plate through pipelines, and reflows to the circulating liquid storage tank through the runner plate to form a heat circulating structure; and a heater and a power consumption resistor are arranged in the circulating liquid storage tank, wherein the heater is connected with an external power supply, and the power consumption resistor is connected with the output end of the second DC/DC converter.
6. The low-temperature lithium battery charging and replacing system as claimed in claim 5, wherein the control strategy is:
under the low-temperature heating condition:
charging the battery through the unidirectional AC/DC converter and the first DC/DC converter, starting the second DC/DC converter to discharge the power consumption resistance with the set waveform after charging for a first time interval with the set waveform, and heating the battery to a first set temperature by reciprocating and alternating the process;
the power supply drives a heater and a power consumption resistor in the circulating liquid storage tank to heat the circulating liquid, a circulation is established through the water pump, and the battery system is heated by conduction through the runner plate until the battery is heated to a set temperature threshold value and then is stopped heating;
under the low-temperature charging condition:
the battery is charged in a single direction after being heated to a set temperature threshold value through a charging and discharging system and a heating system, in the charging process, the single-direction AC/DC converter and the first single-direction DC/DC converter work, the second single-direction DC/DC converter does not work, the battery system is charged through the external power supply, a heater in a circulating liquid storage box is driven by the power supply to heat circulating liquid, circulation is established through a water pump, and the battery system is heated and insulated in a conduction mode through a runner plate; when the temperature of the battery is reduced to a second set temperature, a charge-discharge alternation strategy is executed, the unidirectional AC/DC converter and the first unidirectional DC/DC converter charge the battery, after the battery is charged for a first time interval by a set waveform, a second DC/DC converter is started to discharge the battery for a second time interval in the process of discharging by the set waveform, the battery is alternately reciprocated, and the battery is heated to a third set temperature;
and the battery system discharges the power consumption resistor, the heater heats the circulating liquid in the circulating liquid storage tank, and the battery system and the charge-discharge alternative heating strategy are cooperatively and jointly heated.
7. The system for charging and replacing the lithium battery at low temperature as claimed in claim 1, wherein the charging and discharging system comprises a bidirectional AC/DC converter and a bidirectional DC/DC converter, the bidirectional AC/DC converter is respectively connected with an external power supply and the bidirectional DC/DC converter, and the bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with the battery system; the control system is respectively connected with the bidirectional DC/DC converter and the bidirectional AC/DC converter; the heating system adopts an external heating system.
8. The low-temperature lithium battery charging and replacing system as claimed in claim 7, wherein the control strategy is,
under the low-temperature heating condition:
after the bidirectional AC/DC converter and the bidirectional DC/DC converter charge the battery for a second time interval with a set waveform, the bidirectional AC/DC converter and the bidirectional DC/DC converter discharge the battery with the set waveform and alternate in a reciprocating manner until the battery is heated to a set first set temperature;
the heating system is driven by an external power supply to conduct and heat the battery system until the battery is heated to a set temperature threshold value, and then heating is stopped;
under the low-temperature charging condition:
after the battery is heated to a set threshold temperature through a charging and discharging system and a heating system, the bidirectional AC/DC converter and the bidirectional DC/DC converter work simultaneously, the lithium battery is charged unidirectionally through an external power supply, and meanwhile, the external heating system keeps warm; and when the temperature of the battery is reduced, a charge-discharge alternation strategy is executed, the battery system supplies energy to an external power supply through the bidirectional DC/DC converter and the bidirectional AC/DC converter for interactive heating, and the battery system and the external heating system perform combined heating.
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