CN113690631B - X-band efficient wave-absorbing super-structured surface material - Google Patents
X-band efficient wave-absorbing super-structured surface material Download PDFInfo
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- CN113690631B CN113690631B CN202110836092.7A CN202110836092A CN113690631B CN 113690631 B CN113690631 B CN 113690631B CN 202110836092 A CN202110836092 A CN 202110836092A CN 113690631 B CN113690631 B CN 113690631B
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004643 cyanate ester Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010329 laser etching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 49
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 47
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q17/00—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0086—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials
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- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides an X-band efficient wave-absorbing super-structured surface material, which has a structure that four layers of structures are sequentially laminated and combined into a whole from top to bottom: the micro-structure array comprises a first dielectric layer, a micro-structure impedance film layer, a second dielectric layer and a metal reflecting layer, wherein the impedance film layer forms a plurality of array units which are arranged periodically on the surface of the dielectric layer. According to the application, through the combination of the dielectric layer, the impedance film layer, the dielectric layer and the metal reflecting layer, the impedance matching of the incident electromagnetic wave in the X-wave band can be realized, the high-efficiency electromagnetic wave energy absorption can be realized, and the super-surface material can be provided for an application platform for realizing RCS reduction of the X-wave band detection radar.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic wave absorbing materials, and particularly relates to an X-band efficient wave absorbing super-structured surface material.
Background
The radar stealth technology mainly refers to the stealth technology of the radar working in the range of 3 MHz-300 GHz, wherein a centimeter wave band (2-18 GHz), especially 8-12 GHz (X wave band), is a very important radar detection wave band, and is also the key point of the ultra-wideband radar stealth technology research aiming at breakthrough in all countries of the world at the present stage. Along with the development of radar detection technology and the limitation of target appearance technology by tactical indexes, the original radar stealth material has the defects of narrow frequency band, low efficiency, large density and the like, the application range is limited to a certain extent, and the development of novel wave-absorbing materials and corresponding stealth technologies is urgently needed. At present, the performance of the traditional stealth material is further improved and improved at home and abroad, and meanwhile, various new materials are being explored, and the super-structured surface material is gradually applied to the radar wave stealth material, so that the requirements of strong absorption, wide frequency band, light weight and thin thickness of the new generation radar stealth material are met.
Chinese patent publication CN108493622a discloses a double-dielectric layer wave-absorbing material, which comprises two dielectric plates stacked, wherein the lower surface of the bottom dielectric plate is covered with a metal floor, and the upper surfaces of the two dielectric plates are printed with array metal patches. The electromagnetic parameters of each layer are changed by adjusting the size of the array metal patch on the upper surface of each dielectric layer, the thickness of each layer of the two dielectric layers and selecting different materials, so that the reflection and refraction wave phase of electromagnetic waves entering the material is changed. Part of the incident electromagnetic wave is lost by the material in the propagation process, and the rest of the incident wave and the reflected wave are cancelled, so that the effect that the electromagnetic wave is absorbed by the artificial electromagnetic medium material is achieved, and the ultra-thin broadband wave absorbing material is realized.
At present, the performance of the traditional stealth material is further improved and improved at home and abroad, and meanwhile, various new materials are being explored, and the super-structured surface material is gradually applied to the radar wave stealth material, so that the requirements of strong absorption, wide frequency band, light weight and thin thickness of the new generation radar stealth material are met.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides an X-band efficient wave-absorbing super-structured surface material, which is characterized in that the super-structured surface material is formed by sequentially laminating and compositing structures from top to bottom into a whole, and comprises four layers of structures, specifically: the surface dielectric layer, the impedance film layer, the lower dielectric layer and the metal material reflecting layer, wherein the impedance film layer adopts a microstructure pattern made by laser etching, and the microstructure pattern is a plurality of two-dimensional symmetrical cell arrays which are periodically arranged.
Preferably, the impedance film layer is a PI film with an impedance of 95Ohm/sq and a thickness of 50+/-0.1 um.
Preferably, the microstructure is a pattern unit periodically and repeatedly arranged in a horizontal direction and a vertical direction, the pattern unit is p=8×8mm, and each pattern unit of the resistive film layer includes: a film material region where the resistive film material exists, and a void region where the film material is etched away; the film material region and the void region are a two-dimensional centrosymmetric pattern.
Preferably, each pattern unit of the impedance film layer is provided with a square film material area with a side length of 1.33mm, a cross-shaped film material area with a width of 0.67mm overlapped with the center of the square and a length of 2.67mm takes the center of the cross shape as an origin, an X-Y plane coordinate system is established by taking the center line of the cross as a coordinate axis, the pattern unit is divided into 80X 80 block areas, the block areas are divided into film material areas or void areas, and 4X 3 void areas are symmetrically distributed around the origin of coordinates; and the membrane material area and the void area are staggered.
Preferably, the 4×3 void areas are symmetrically distributed on the 45 degree, 135 degree, 225 degree and 315 degree extension lines of the coordinate system, and the positions except for the 4×3 void areas are all film material areas.
Preferably, a square frame-shaped film material area with the side length of 4mm and the width of 1mm surrounds the cross-shaped film material, 4 void areas are arranged between the square frame-shaped film material area and the central material area, and the sides of the void areas are in a sawtooth shape.
Preferably, 4 void areas symmetrically distributed at 4 vertex angle positions of the square frame-shaped film material area are in a concave angle and convex angle combined shape, the diameter is 1mm, the vertex intervals of the concave angle and the convex angle are 1mm, the edges of the void areas are in a saw tooth shape, and the void areas are respectively positioned at 45 degrees, 135 degrees, 225 degrees and 315 degrees of a coordinate system.
Preferably, the 4 vertex areas of the 8 x 8mm pattern unit are void areas, the void areas are L-shaped, each side is 1.33mm long, the width is 0.67mm, and the edges are saw tooth shaped.
Further, the surface dielectric layer and the lower dielectric layer are cyanate ester prepreg, the thickness of the dielectric material is 3.5-3.7mm, the dielectric constant of the dielectric material is 3.0, and the loss tangent of the dielectric material is 0.005.
The dual-axis symmetrical structure can realize broadband absorption of polarization insensitive electromagnetic waves, can realize the absorption effect of the minimum reflection coefficient exceeding 20dB in the X range, is all better than-28 dB in the X band range, has the average reduction amount exceeding 25dB compared with the RCS of the metal plate, and realizes the efficient RCS reduction. According to the application, through the combination of the dielectric layer, the impedance film layer, the dielectric layer and the metal reflecting layer, the impedance matching of incident electromagnetic waves in an X range can be realized, meanwhile, the cyanate ester prepreg medium has the characteristics of high strength pressure resistance, corrosion resistance, salt fog resistance and the like, the working robustness of the material under different environments can be effectively ensured, and the RCS high-efficiency reduction super-surface material for coping with X-band detection radars can be provided for related application platforms.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of the present application.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an interlayer impedance film according to the present application.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a panel with a periodic structure according to the present application.
Fig. 4 is a graph showing the reflection effect of the forward incident single-station electromagnetic wave according to the present application.
Fig. 5 is a graph of the effect of the forward incident single station RCS of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to solve the problems, the application provides an X-band efficient wave-absorbing super-structured surface material, which is designed integrally by a medium-impedance film-medium mode and has a microstructure on the surface of the impedance film, so that the absorption effect of 20dB at the lowest in the X-band can be realized under the condition of the thickness of less than 8 mm.
The structure of the super-structured surface material is laminated and compounded into a whole from top to bottom in sequence, and the super-structured surface material comprises four layers of structures, namely: the surface dielectric layer, the impedance film layer, the lower dielectric layer and the metal material reflecting layer, wherein the impedance film layer adopts a microstructure pattern made by laser etching, and the microstructure pattern is a plurality of two-dimensional symmetrical cell arrays which are periodically arranged.
The impedance film layer is a PI film with the impedance of 95Ohm/sq and the thickness of 50+/-0.1 um.
The microstructure is a pattern unit periodically and repeatedly arranged in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, the pattern unit is p=8×8mm, and each pattern unit of the impedance film layer comprises: a film material region where the resistive film material exists, and a void region where the film material is etched away; the film material region and the void region are a two-dimensional centrosymmetric pattern.
Each pattern unit of the impedance film layer is provided with a square film material area with the side length of 1.33mm, a cross-shaped film material area with the width of 0.67mm and the length of 2.67mm, which is overlapped with the center of the square, takes the center of the cross shape as an origin, establishes an X-Y plane coordinate system by taking the center line of the cross as a coordinate axis, divides the pattern unit into 80X 80 block areas, and is divided into film material areas or void areas by taking the block areas as units, and 4X 3 void areas are symmetrically distributed around the origin of the coordinates; and the membrane material area and the void area are staggered.
The 4×3 void areas distributed symmetrically are located on the 45 degree, 135 degree, 225 degree and 315 degree extension lines of the coordinate system respectively, and the positions except the 4×3 void areas are all film material areas.
Surrounding the cross-shaped film material is a square frame-shaped film material area with the side length of 4mm and the width of 1mm, 4 gap areas are arranged between the square frame-shaped film material area and the central material area, and the sides of the gap areas are in a sawtooth shape.
The four-corner-shaped film material comprises 4 void areas symmetrically distributed at 4 vertex angles of a square frame-shaped film material area, wherein the void areas are in a concave-corner convex-corner combined shape, the diameter is 1mm, the vertices of concave corners and convex corners are spaced by 1mm, the edges of the void areas are in a saw-tooth shape, and the void areas are respectively positioned at 45-degree, 135-degree, 225-degree and 315-degree positions of a coordinate system.
The 4 vertex angle areas of the 8 x 8mm pattern unit are void areas, the void areas are L-shaped, each side is 1.33mm long, the width is 0.67mm, and the edges are saw tooth shapes.
The surface dielectric layer and the lower dielectric layer are cyanate ester prepreg, the thickness of the dielectric material is 3.5-3.7mm, the dielectric constant of the dielectric material is 3.0, and the loss tangent of the dielectric material is 0.005.
According to the embodiment of the application, an X-band efficient wave-absorbing super-structured surface material is provided, which comprises at least 4 layers of structures, and the structures are as follows from top to bottom: the dielectric layer, the microstructure impedance film layer, the dielectric layer and the metal reflecting layer; the impedance film structure layer forms a plurality of array units which are arranged periodically on the surface of the dielectric layer. The resistance film layer is a PI film with the resistance of 95Ohm/sq, the dielectric constant of the dielectric layer material is 3.0, and the loss tangent is 0.005. The unit structure period P=8mm, the upper layer is cyanate ester prepreg medium, the thickness is 3.7mm, the intermediate impedance film microstructure is symmetrical structure, the thickness is 50+/-0.1 um, the third layer is cyanate ester prepreg medium, and the thickness is 3.7mm. The impedance film layer is discretized into 80 multiplied by 80 sub-coordinates, and the corresponding coordinates of the structure boundary of the impedance film area are as follows:
the thin film processing mainly adopts laser etching processing, and cutting is carried out along the boundary of the structure so as to obtain the void/impedance film structure.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects: the application adopts a double-shaft symmetrical structure to realize broadband absorption of polarization insensitive electromagnetic waves, can realize the absorption effect of the minimum reflection coefficient of more than 20dB in the X range, has single-station RCS all better than-28 dB in the X band range, has average reduction amount of more than 25dB compared with the RCS of a metal plate, and realizes efficient RCS reduction. According to the application, through the combination of the dielectric layer, the impedance film layer, the dielectric layer and the metal reflecting layer, the impedance matching of incident electromagnetic waves in an X range can be realized, meanwhile, the cyanate ester prepreg medium has the characteristics of high strength pressure resistance, corrosion resistance, salt fog resistance and the like, the working robustness of the material under different environments can be effectively ensured, and the RCS high-efficiency reduction super-surface material for coping with X-band detection radars can be provided for related application platforms. Other features of the present application and its advantages will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the application, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, and not for limiting, and although the embodiment of the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an X wave band high-efficient wave-absorbing super-structured surface material, its characterized in that, super-structured surface material's structure from the top down stacks gradually and compounds into an organic whole, and it includes four layer structure, specifically is: the surface dielectric layer, the impedance film layer, the lower dielectric layer and the metal material reflecting layer are arranged on the surface of the substrate, the impedance film layer adopts a microstructure pattern made by laser etching, and the microstructure pattern is a plurality of two-dimensional symmetrical cell arrays which are periodically arranged; the center of each pattern unit of the impedance film layer is provided with a square film material area with the side length of 1.33mm and a cross-shaped film material area overlapped with the center of the square film material area, the cross shape is composed of two strip-shaped film materials with the width of 0.67mm and the length of 2.67mm, the center of the cross shape is taken as an origin, the center line of the strip shape of the cross shape is taken as a coordinate axis to establish an X-Y plane coordinate system, the pattern unit is divided into 80X 80 block areas, the block areas are divided into film material areas or gap areas, and 4X 3 gap areas are symmetrically distributed around the coordinate origin; the film material areas and the void areas are staggered, 4 multiplied by 3 void areas which are symmetrically distributed are respectively positioned on the extension lines of 45 degrees, 135 degrees, 225 degrees and 315 degrees of the coordinate system, and the positions except the 4 multiplied by 3 void areas are all film material areas.
2. The X-band efficient wave-absorbing super-structured surface material according to claim 1, wherein the impedance film layer is a PI film with an impedance of 95 Ω/sq, and a thickness of 50±0.1um.
3. The X-band high efficiency wave absorbing super structured surface material as set forth in claim 2, wherein the microstructure is a pattern unit periodically and repeatedly arranged in a horizontal direction and a vertical direction, the pattern unit being p=8×8mm, each pattern unit of the resistive film layer comprising: a film material region where the resistive film material exists, and a void region where the film material is etched away; the film material region and the void region are a two-dimensional centrosymmetric pattern.
4. The X-band high efficiency wave absorbing super structured surface material according to claim 1, wherein surrounding the cross-shaped film material is a square frame-shaped film material region with a side length of 4mm and a width of 1mm, 4 void areas are sandwiched between the square frame-shaped film material region and the central material region, and the sides of the void areas are saw-tooth shaped.
5. The X-band high-efficiency wave-absorbing super-structured surface material according to claim 4, wherein 4 void areas symmetrically distributed at 4 vertex angles of the square frame-shaped film material area are in a concave angle and convex angle combined shape, the diameter width is 1mm, the vertices of the concave angle and the convex angle are spaced by 1mm, the edges of the void areas are in a saw-tooth shape, and the void areas are respectively positioned at 45 degrees, 135 degrees, 225 degrees and 315 degrees of a coordinate system.
6. The X-band high efficiency wave absorbing super structured surface material of claim 5, wherein 4 vertex angle areas of the 8X 8mm pattern unit are void areas, the void areas are L-shaped, each side is 1.33mm long, the width is 0.67mm, and the edges are saw tooth shaped.
7. The X-band efficient wave-absorbing super-structured surface material according to claim 1, wherein the surface dielectric layer and the lower dielectric layer are cyanate ester prepregs, the thickness of the dielectric material is 3.5-3.7mm, the dielectric constant of the dielectric material is 3.0, and the loss tangent of the dielectric material is 0.005.
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