CN113687283A - Device and method for quantitative detection of extremely weak magnetism of material - Google Patents
Device and method for quantitative detection of extremely weak magnetism of material Download PDFInfo
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- 230000005307 ferromagnetism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
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- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/12—Measuring magnetic properties of articles or specimens of solids or fluids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of weak magnetic field measurement, and particularly discloses a device and a method for quantitative detection of extremely weak magnetism of a material. The device comprises an inner magnetic shield, an outer magnetic shield, a non-magnetic sample introduction conduit, a sample rotating carrier, a pneumatic turbofan, a rotating support module, a magnetic field calibration coil and a vector atomic magnetometer, and the device is matched with a rotating sample introduction device to measure the magnetic field when the device is detected in the magnetic shield of a magnetic silence space. The method comprises the steps that a sample to be detected is sent into a detection space with magnetic silence after being silenced for a certain time, so that the sample to be detected generates magnetic field disturbance in the magnetic sensitivity direction of the vector atomic magnetometer, the vector atomic magnetometer detects and collects magnetic signals of the detection space, and quantitative detection of the material infinitesimal magnetism of the sample to be detected is realized according to the magnetic signals of the sample to be detected and the size of a calibrated magnetic field. The invention can be effectively applied to the quantitative detection of the extremely weak magnetism of the material, can realize the measurement of the extremely weak magnetism of fT magnitude, and has wide application field and strong applicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of weak magnetic field measurement, and particularly relates to a device and a method for quantitatively detecting the extremely weak magnetism of a material.
Background
With the development of the atomic sensor technology, sensors such as an atomic clock, an atomic magnetometer and a nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope are developed towards the directions of small volume, low power consumption, light weight, high precision and the like, so that the influence of manufactured more excellent micro components on the performance of the atomic sensor is very important, the influence of devices can be effectively eliminated through the extremely weak magnetic quantitative detection of materials, and the influence of necessary devices on the high-precision sensor can be evaluated. The infinitesimal magnetic quantitative detection of the material can be used for rapidly testing the performance of the geological rock material, and the geomagnetic evolution characteristics can be researched through the quantitative measurement of the magnetic field generated by the geological rock. The magnetic quantitative measurement of the material can also be used for developing a high-field magnetic resonance spectrometer, screening the material and avoiding the influence of the magnetic material on a high-precision instrument.
At present, there are many methods for detecting material magnetism such as magnetometers with different principles, and for very weak magnetic field measurement, fluxgate magnetometers, superconducting quantum interference (SQUID) magnetometers, atomic magnetometers and the like are mainly used for measurement. The magnetic detection of the material such as ancient rock can detect the remanence of the material by a fluxgate magnetometer and the like, has higher sensitivity, but cannot detect the magnetism below nT and is not suitable for the extremely weak magnetic detection of the material. SQUIDs are expensive to manufacture and are not portable, limiting their range of use.
The invention patent CN106405457B discloses a device and a method for detecting ferromagnetism and magnetization performance of a material, the scheme obtains the detection of the ferromagnetism and the magnetization performance of the material through nonlinear magneto-optical resonance dispersion signals, and the device and the method have ultrahigh sensitivity magnetic detection characteristics and practical value, but the device and the method do not realize the quantitative detection of the material magnetism. At present, atomic magnetometers are comparable in sensitivity to SQUIDs, can detect the magnetic field of fT, and can be miniaturized. The miniaturized atomic magnetometer can quantitatively measure the magnetic field generated by components required by the miniaturization of the chip of the sensor such as a chip-level atomic frequency standard, the atomic magnetometer, a nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope and the like, and selects non-magnetic components so as to eliminate the nonuniformity of the magnetic field in the sensor caused by the magnetism generated by the components. The magnetic property of the material is detected, how to detect the magnetic property of the material more simply, conveniently, quickly and accurately, and the quantitative measurement of the size of the magnetic field is very important, for example, the magnetic field generated by materials such as geological rocks is quantitatively measured, so that the magnetic property of the material is conveniently researched. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new method and a new technology for quantitative detection of very weak magnetism of materials.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks and needs of the prior art, the present invention provides an apparatus and method for quantitative detection of very weak magnetic properties of materials, wherein the vector atomic magnetometer is used as an ultra-high-sensitivity magnetic field probe by combining the characteristics of the magnetic material and the magnetic performance detection process characteristics, the magnetic field measurement is carried out in the magnetic shielding of the magnetic silent space by matching with a rotary sample feeding device, thereby being effectively applied to the quantitative detection of the extremely weak magnetism of the material, the method can realize the extremely weak magnetic measurement of fT magnitude, can be applied to the quantitative measurement of magnetic fields generated by components required by miniaturization chips of sensors such as chip-scale atomic clocks, atomic magnetometers, nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscopes and the like, selects non-magnetic components so as to eliminate the nonuniformity of the magnetic fields in the sensors caused by the magnetism generated by the components, and can also be used for the quantitative measurement of the magnetic fields generated by materials such as geological rock research and the like. Therefore, the invention has wider application field.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for quantitative detection of very weak magnetism of a material, comprising:
the internal magnetic shield is used for providing a magnetic field silent detection space for the sample to be detected;
the outer magnetic shield is arranged at the periphery of the inner magnetic shield and used for realizing demagnetization of magnetic field silence;
the non-magnetic sample introduction guide pipe penetrates through the inner magnetic shield and the outer magnetic shield and is arranged in a non-contact manner with the inner magnetic shield and the outer magnetic shield, and one end of the non-magnetic sample introduction guide pipe is connected with the air inlet module;
the sample rotating carrier is arranged in the detection space and is arranged in the nonmagnetic sampling guide pipe, and a sample filling bin is arranged in the sample rotating carrier and is used for placing a sample to be detected;
the pneumatic turbofan is arranged at one end, close to the air inlet module, of the sample rotating carrier and is used for driving the sample rotating carrier to rotate along the axis of the nonmagnetic sampling guide pipe under the action of air flow provided by the air inlet module;
the rotating support module is arranged at the other end of the sample rotating carrier and is movably connected with the sample rotating carrier;
the magnetic field calibration coil is arranged in the detection space, corresponds to the sample filling bin and is used for calibrating the magnetic field of the sample to be detected; and
and the vector atomic magnetometer is arranged in the detection space, corresponds to the sample filling bin and is used for detecting a magnetic signal of the sample to be detected in the rotation process.
Preferably, the rotation support module includes a sliding block support stator, a connection surface of the sliding block support stator and the sample rotation carrier is a spherical curved surface, and the spherical curved surface is provided with a plurality of vent grooves.
As a further preferred, the slide block supporting stator and the sample rotary carrier are further coated with lubricant at their connecting surfaces.
Preferably, the rotary support module further comprises a first support, a second support and a stator support, the first support and the second support are both fixedly connected with a non-magnetic sample introduction guide pipe, the first support is arranged between the air inlet module and the external magnetic shield, the second support is provided with the stator support, the stator support is fixedly connected with the sliding block support stator, and an air outlet pipe communicated with the vent groove is arranged inside the stator support;
the stator support is provided with scales for conveying and positioning a sample to be detected.
As a further preferred option, the gas inlet module comprises a gas compressor, a flow controller and a gas inlet conduit which are connected in sequence, and the gas inlet conduit is communicated with the non-magnetic sample introduction conduit.
As further preferred, the magnetic field calibration device further comprises a precision power supply, wherein the precision power supply is electrically connected with the magnetic field calibration coil;
the magnetic field calibration coil generates a precise magnetic field with the same frequency as the rotating speed of the sample to be detected.
Preferably, the device further comprises a signal acquisition system and a controller, wherein the signal acquisition system is used for acquiring magnetic signals acquired by the vector atomic magnetometer through detection, and the controller is used for realizing the quantitative detection of the material infinitesimal magnetism of the sample to be detected according to the magnetic signals and the calibrated magnetic field of the sample to be detected.
As a further preference, the sample filling bin is a square sample filling bin;
a sample bin cover is further arranged on the sample rotary carrier;
the internal magnetic shield and the external magnetic shield are both multilayer permalloy.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a method for quantitative detection of extremely weak magnetism of a material, comprising the steps of:
s1, providing a magnetic silent detection space, and sending the sample to be detected into the detection space after the sample to be detected is silent for a certain time;
s2, driving the sample to be detected to rotate in a pneumatic mode, so that the sample to be detected generates magnetic field disturbance in the magnetic sensitivity direction of the vector atomic magnetometer, and at the moment, the vector atomic magnetometer detects and collects the magnetic signal of a detection space;
s3, adjusting the placing direction of the sample to be detected, and repeating the step S and the step S to obtain magnetic signals of the sample to be detected in other directions;
s4, starting a magnetic field calibration coil, and completing the calibration of the magnetic field of the sample to be measured by using the magnetic field calibration coil;
s5, the material infinitesimal magnetism of the sample to be detected is quantitatively detected according to the magnetic signal of the sample to be detected and the size of the calibrated magnetic field.
More preferably, step S1 specifically includes the following steps: after a sample to be detected is placed in the sample filling bin, the sample rotating carrier is pushed into the outer magnetic shield to be silent for a certain time, and then the sample rotating carrier is sent into the inner magnetic shield;
in step S2, the implementation method for driving the sample to be tested to rotate in a pneumatic manner is as follows: controlling an air inlet module to input air flow into the nonmagnetic sampling guide pipe so as to blow a pneumatic turbofan to rotate through the air flow so as to drive a sample rotating carrier loaded with a sample to be detected to rotate; wherein the temperature within the sample rotating carrier can be controlled by controlling the temperature of the gas stream;
in step S3, the magnetic field calibration coil generates a precise magnetic field with the same frequency as the rotation speed of the sample to be measured, so as to calibrate the magnitude of the magnetic field.
Generally, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention mainly has the following technical advantages:
1. the vector atomic magnetometer is used as an ultra-high-sensitivity magnetic field probe, and is matched with a rotary sample feeding device to measure the magnetic field when the vector atomic magnetometer is detected in a magnetic shield of a magnetic silence space; driving a sample to be detected to rotate by using a rotary sample introduction device, and disturbing a magnetic field generated by the sample to be detected in the magnetic sensitivity direction of the vector atomic magnetometer; the vector atomic magnetometer quantitatively detects the magnetic signals generated by the sample, and realizes the quantitative detection of the extremely weak magnetism of the material.
2. The invention utilizes the vector atomic magnetometer to be matched with the rotary sample introduction device to detect the magnetic field disturbance generated in the magnetic sensitive direction of the vector atomic magnetometer by the sample rotation driven by the rotating square sample filling bin in the magnetic silent space magnetic shield, thereby realizing the quantitative detection of the extremely weak magnetism of the material.
3. The invention blows the pneumatic turbofan by the air flow of the air inlet conduit and the non-magnetic sample introduction conduit to drive the sample rotating carrier to rotate, controls the rotating speed of the sample rotating carrier by the precisely controlled air flow to realize the rotation of the sample to be detected, and can also control the temperature of the sample in the square sample filling bin by controlling the temperature of the air flow so as to facilitate the temperature change experiment.
4. The stator supporting material is formed by quartz glass with scales for conveying and positioning a sample, the sliding block supporting stator can rotate to adapt to the rotation of a sample rotating carrier, and materials with excellent lubricating property, such as boron nitride, talcum powder with small granularity or silicon oil, and the like are used as lubricants in a rotating part, so that the friction force among parts is reduced, and the control precision of the rotating speed of the sample rotating carrier can be improved.
5. The internal magnetic shield provides a detection space with a silent magnetic field for the sample to be detected when the atomic magnetometer is used, and the external magnetic shield provides space demagnetization with a silent magnetic field for the sample to be detected before the atomic magnetometer is used, so that the real magnetism of the material in the magnetic shield can be accurately obtained.
6. The magnetic field calibration coil generates a precise magnetic field with the same frequency as the rotating speed of the sample, and is convenient for calibrating the size of the magnetic field generated by the sample to be tested.
7. The non-magnetic sample introduction guide pipe passes through the external magnetic shield and the internal magnetic shield and is not in direct contact with each other, so that the influence of mechanical vibration of the rotary sample introduction device module on the magnetic field control module can be avoided.
8. The sample to be measured in the sample filling bin is a solid material, can be a square material, and can also be placed in the square sample filling bin after being fixed by a regular non-magnetic clamp, so that samples in various shapes can be conveniently measured.
9. The square sample filling bin can also be fixed on the non-magnetic sample introduction guide pipe, and the rotation of the sample is realized by rotating the non-magnetic sample introduction guide pipe, so that the magnetic field disturbance measurement of the rotating sample is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for quantitative detection of extremely weak magnetism of a material according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the method involved in the quantitative detection of the extremely weak magnetism of the material in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for quantitative detection of extremely weak magnetism of a material according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
In all the figures, the same reference numerals denote the same features, in particular: 01-an air inlet guide pipe, 02-an air inlet sealing cover, 03-a first support, 04-a non-magnetic sample introduction guide pipe, 05-an air turbofan, 06-a sample bin cover, 07-a sample filling bin, 08-a sample rotating carrier, 09-a second support, 10-a slide block supporting stator, 11-an air outlet pipe, 12-a stator support, 21-a magnetic field calibration coil, 22-an internal magnetic shield, 23-an external magnetic shield, 24-a vector atomic magnetometer, 31-a precision power supply, 32-a signal acquisition system, 33-a gas compressor, 34-a flow controller, 41-a sample to be detected and 42-a rotation symmetry axis.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
As shown in fig. 1, the device for quantitatively detecting the extremely weak magnetism of a material provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes an internal magnetic shield 22, an external magnetic shield 23, a non-magnetic sample introduction conduit 04, a sample rotation carrier 08, a pneumatic turbofan 05, a rotation support module, a magnetic field calibration coil 21, and a vector atom magnetometer 24. The internal magnetic shield 22 provides a field-silent detection volume for the sample to be measured when using atomic magnetometers. The outer magnetic shield 23 is disposed at the periphery of the inner magnetic shield 22 for realizing demagnetization of magnetic field silence. The external magnetic shield 23 provides a magnetic field silent space demagnetization for the sample to be measured before the atomic magnetometer is used, so that the real magnetism of the material in the magnetic shield can be accurately obtained. In the present invention, the inner magnetic shield 22 and the outer magnetic shield 23 are both multilayer permalloy. In the working process of the device, the sample 41 to be measured firstly enters the external magnetic shield 23 to be silent for a certain time, and the certain time can be set according to the requirement, usually a few minutes. And then into the internal magnetic shield 22 for corresponding rotation and detection.
The non-magnetic sample introduction guide pipe 04 penetrates through the inner magnetic shield 22 and the outer magnetic shield 23, the non-magnetic sample introduction guide pipe 04 is arranged in a non-contact mode with the inner magnetic shield 22 and the outer magnetic shield 23, and one end of the non-magnetic sample introduction guide pipe 04 is connected with the air inlet module. More specifically, the middle of the non-magnetic sample introduction conduit 04 is located in the external magnetic shield 23, and when the non-magnetic sample introduction conduit 04 passes through the internal magnetic shield 22 and the external magnetic shield 23, the non-magnetic sample introduction conduit 04 is not in contact with the internal magnetic shield 22 and the external magnetic shield 23. In one embodiment of the invention, the inner magnetic shield 22 and the outer magnetic shield 23 are provided with a rotation hole for receiving the nonmagnetic sample introduction conduit 04 therethrough, in which the nonmagnetic sample introduction conduit 04 is rotatable along its own axis, as shown in fig. 2. in this embodiment of the invention, the axis of the nonmagnetic sample introduction conduit 04 is collinear with the rotational symmetry axis 42, in such a way that the inner magnetic shield 22 and the outer magnetic shield 23 are not touched when the nonmagnetic sample introduction conduit 04 generates corresponding mechanical vibrations.
The sample rotating carrier 08 is arranged in the detection space, the sample rotating carrier 08 is arranged in the nonmagnetic sampling conduit 04, and a sample filling bin 07 is arranged in the sample rotating carrier 08 and used for placing a sample 41 to be detected. Generally, the sample filling bin 07 is a square sample filling bin. Of course, in some embodiments of the present invention, if the sample 41 to be tested is a regular square, the sample filling chamber 07 may be omitted, and the sample 41 to be tested may be directly placed in the sample rotary carrier 08, and the sample 41 to be tested may rotate along with the rotation of the sample rotary carrier 08. In one embodiment of the present invention, the axial end of the sample rotary carrier 08 is further provided with a sample chamber cover 06, and the rotating shaft of the pneumatic turbofan 05 is fixedly connected with the sample chamber cover 06, so as to drive the sample rotary carrier 08 to rotate. Specifically, the pneumatic turbofan 05 is arranged at the end, close to the air inlet module, of the sample rotating carrier 08, and the pneumatic turbofan 05 is used for driving the sample rotating carrier 08 to rotate along the axis of the nonmagnetic sampling conduit 04 under the action of air flow provided by the air inlet module. In the present invention, in order to ensure the normal rotation of the pneumatic turbofan 05, a gap is provided between the outer wall of the sample rotary carrier 08 and the inner wall of the non-magnetic sample introduction conduit 04, and the gap can allow the air flow input by the air inlet module to pass through. In the invention, the gas inlet module comprises a gas compressor 33, a flow controller 34 and a gas inlet conduit 01 which are connected in sequence, wherein the gas inlet conduit 01 is communicated with a non-magnetic sample introduction conduit 04.
The rotating support module is arranged at the other end of the sample rotating carrier 08 and is movably connected with the sample rotating carrier 08. More specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the rotation support module includes a slider support stator 10, a connection surface of the slider support stator 10 and the sample rotary carrier 08 is a spherical curved surface, and correspondingly, an end of the sample rotary carrier 08 is also a spherical curved surface adapted to the spherical curved surface of the slider support stator 10. Specifically, the connection surface between the slider support stator 10 and the sample rotary carrier 08 is a concave spherical curved surface, the connection surface between the sample rotary carrier 08 and the slider support stator 10 is a convex spherical curved surface, and the spherical centers of the concave spherical curved surface and the convex spherical curved surface are at the same position, so that the sample rotary carrier 08 can rotate relative to the slider support stator 10 under the condition that the slider support stator 10 is fixed. In addition, in order to reduce the sliding friction force between the sample rotary carrier 08 and the slider support stator 10, the connection surface of the slider support stator 10 and the sample rotary carrier 08 is further coated with a lubricant. Meanwhile, a plurality of threaded vent grooves are formed in the concave spherical curved surface and used for enabling air flow of the air inlet module to pass through. In a real-time embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of vent grooves are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the sample rotary carrier 08.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotation support module further includes a first support 03, a second support 09, and a stator support 12, both the first support 03 and the second support 09 are fixedly connected to a nonmagnetic sample introduction conduit 04, the first support 03 is disposed between the air intake module and the external magnetic shield 23, the second support 09 is provided with the stator support 12, the stator support 12 is fixedly connected to the slider support stator 10, and an air outlet pipe 11 communicated with the air vent groove is disposed inside the stator support 12. The stator support 12 is marked with scales for conveying and positioning the sample 41 to be measured.
In the present invention, the vector atom magnetometer 24 is disposed in the detection space, and is disposed corresponding to the sample filling bin 07, and is configured to detect a magnetic signal of the sample 41 to be detected during the rotation process. The magnetic field calibration coil 21 is arranged in the detection space, corresponds to the sample filling bin 07, and is used for calibrating the magnetic field of the sample 41 to be detected. In general, the vector atomic magnetometer 24 and the magnetic field calibration coil 21 are respectively disposed on both radial sides of the sample filling chamber 07. In the invention, the vector atom magnetometer 24 can be adopted to detect in the magnetic silent space magnetic shield, the magnetic field measurement is carried out by matching with the rotary sampling device, then, the magnetic field calibration coil 21 is adopted to calibrate the magnetic field generated by the sample to be measured in the magnetic silent space magnetic shield, the magnetic field calibration coil 21 generates the precise magnetic field with the same frequency as the rotating speed of the sample to be measured 41, and the precise magnetic field is used as the magnetic field calibration to calibrate the magnetic field. The device comprises a signal acquisition system 32 and a controller, wherein the signal acquisition system 32 is used for acquiring magnetic signals acquired by the vector atomic magnetometer 24 through detection, and the controller is used for realizing the quantitative detection of the extremely weak magnetism of the material of the sample 41 to be detected according to the magnetic signals and the calibrated magnetic field of the sample 41 to be detected.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a method for quantitative detection of extremely weak magnetism of a material, comprising the steps of:
step one, providing a magnetic silent detection space, and sending a sample to be detected into the detection space after the sample to be detected is silent for a certain time. More specifically, after the sample 41 to be measured is placed in the sample filling chamber 07, the sample rotary carrier 08 is pushed into the outer magnetic shield 23 for a certain period of silence, and then the sample rotary carrier 08 is sent into the inner magnetic shield 22.
And step two, driving the sample 41 to be detected to rotate in a pneumatic mode, so that the sample 41 to be detected generates magnetic field disturbance in the magnetic sensitivity direction of the vector atom magnetometer 24, and at the moment, the vector atom magnetometer 24 detects and acquires the magnetic signal of the detection space. More specifically, the air inlet module is controlled to input air flow into the nonmagnetic sampling conduit 04 so as to blow the pneumatic turbofan 05 to rotate through the air flow to drive the sample rotating carrier 08 to rotate, so that the sample 41 to be detected generates magnetic field disturbance in the magnetic sensitivity direction of the vector atom magnetometer 24, and at the moment, the vector atom magnetometer 24 detects and acquires a magnetic signal of a detection space. Wherein the temperature inside the sample rotary carrier 08 can be controlled by controlling the temperature of the gas flow during the introduction of the gas flow. Meanwhile, the vector atomic magnetometer 24 transmits the magnetic signals detected and collected by the vector atomic magnetometer to the signal collection system 32.
And step three, adjusting the placing direction of the sample 41 to be detected, and repeating the step S1 and the step S2, thereby obtaining the magnetic signals of the sample 41 to be detected in other directions. In the present invention, during the process of adjusting the placing direction of the sample 41 to be measured, the placing direction of the sample 41 to be measured can be adjusted along the axial direction of the sample 41 to be measured.
And step four, starting the magnetic field calibration coil 21, and completing the calibration of the magnetic field size of the sample 41 to be tested by using the magnetic field calibration coil 21.
And step five, realizing the material extremely weak magnetism quantitative detection of the sample 41 to be detected according to the magnetic signal of the sample 41 to be detected and the size of the calibrated magnetic field. According to the invention, the controller is used for receiving the magnetic signal and the calibrated magnetic field size, and realizing the material infinitesimal magnetism quantitative detection of the sample to be detected according to the magnetic signal and the calibrated magnetic field size of the sample to be detected.
The device and the method for quantitatively detecting the extremely weak magnetism of the material are particularly suitable for quantitatively measuring the magnetic field generated by components required by miniaturization of a chip of sensors such as a chip-scale atomic clock, an atomic magnetometer, a nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope and the like, screening non-magnetic components so as to eliminate the nonuniformity of the magnetic field in the sensors caused by the magnetism generated by the components, and can also be used for quantitatively measuring the magnetic field generated by materials such as geological rock research and the like. The vector atomic magnetometer is used as an ultra-high-sensitivity magnetic field probe, a rotary sample introduction device is used for driving a sample to be detected to rotate in a magnetic shield of a magnetic silence space during detection, magnetic field disturbance generated by the sample to be detected in the magnetic sensitivity direction of the vector atomic magnetometer is generated, the vector atomic magnetometer detects a magnetic signal of the sample, and quantitative detection of extremely weak magnetism of a material is realized. The invention is particularly suitable for the quantitative measurement of the magnetic field generated by miniaturized chip components of sensors such as chip-scale atomic clocks, atomic magnetometers, nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscopes and the like, selects non-magnetic components so as to eliminate the nonuniformity of the magnetic field in the sensors caused by the magnetism generated by the components, and can also be used for the quantitative measurement of the magnetic field generated by materials such as geological rock research and the like.
Example 1
In this embodiment, the device for quantitatively detecting the infinitesimal magnetism of the material comprises a rotary sample introduction device module and a magnetic field control module, wherein the rotary sample introduction device part comprises an air inlet guide pipe 01, an air inlet sealing cover 02, a first support 03, a non-magnetic sample introduction guide pipe 04, a pneumatic turbofan 05, a sample bin cover 06, a square sample filling bin 07, a sample rotary carrier 08, a second support 09, a slider support stator 10, an air outlet pipe 11 and a stator support 12, wherein the magnetic field control part comprises a magnetic field calibration coil 21, an inner magnetic shield 22, an outer magnetic shield 23 and a vector atomic magnetometer 24. In the embodiment, the vector atomic magnetometer 24 is used in cooperation with the rotary sampling device to detect the magnetic field disturbance generated in the magnetic sensitive direction of the vector atomic magnetometer 24 when the sample in the square sample filling bin 07 rotates in the magnetic silent space magnetic shield 22, and the ultrahigh sensitivity of the vector atomic magnetometer 24 is used for quantitatively detecting the magnetic field component of the rotary sample, so that the quantitative detection of the extremely weak magnetism of the material is realized. The sample rotating carrier 08 blows the pneumatic turbofan 05 through the air flow of the air inlet conduit 01 and the nonmagnetic sampling conduit 04 to drive the sample rotating carrier 08 to rotate, the rotating speed of the sample rotating carrier 08 is controlled through precisely controlled air flow so as to obtain magnetic field information with stable rotating frequency of a rotating sample, and the temperature of the sample in the square sample filling bin 07 can be controlled through controlling the temperature of the air flow. The material of the sliding block supporting stator 10 and the material of the sample rotating carrier 08 are hard non-metal materials such as zirconia, the material of the stator supporting 12 is quartz glass, scales are arranged on the quartz glass and used for sample transmission and positioning, the sliding block supporting stator 10 can rotate to adapt to the rotation of the sample rotating carrier 08, boron nitride can be used as a lubricant for a rotating part, the friction force among parts can be reduced, and the control precision of the rotating speed of the sample rotating carrier 08 is improved. The inner magnetic shield 22 and the outer magnetic shield 23 are both multi-layer permalloy, the inner magnetic shield 22 provides a detection space with silent magnetic field for a sample to be detected when the atomic magnetometer is used, and the outer magnetic shield 23 provides space demagnetization with silent magnetic field for the sample to be detected before the atomic magnetometer is used, so that the real magnetism of the material in the magnetic shield can be accurately obtained.
The magnetic field calibration coil 21 generates a precise magnetic field with the same frequency as the sample rotation speed to calibrate the size of the magnetic field generated by the sample to be measured. The non-magnetic sample introduction guide pipe 04 is made of a quartz glass tube and is supported by the first support 03 and the second support 09, the non-magnetic sample introduction guide pipe 04 penetrates through the outer magnetic shield 23 and the inner magnetic shield 22 and is not in direct contact with the outer magnetic shield 23 and the inner magnetic shield 22, and the influence of mechanical vibration of the rotary sample introduction device module on the magnetic field control module can be avoided.
The sample to be measured in the sample filling bin 07 is a solid material, can be a square material, and can also be placed in the sample filling bin 07 after being fixed by a regular non-magnetic clamp, so that samples in various shapes can be measured. And this sample fills storehouse 07 and also can fix in no magnetism and advance a kind pipe 04, realizes the sample rotation through rotatory no magnetism and advance a kind pipe 04, realizes the magnetic field of rotatory sample and disturbs the measurement.
During work, a sample to be detected is placed in the square sample filling bin 07, and the sample bin cover 06 is tightly covered. The sample rotating carrier 08 carrying the sample is then pushed by the stator support 12 into the outer magnetic shield 23 for a few minutes of silence before being sent into the inner magnetic shield 22 to await measurement. The pneumatic turbofan 05 is blown by precisely controlled air flow through the air inlet guide pipe 01 and the non-magnetic sample introduction guide pipe 04 to drive the sample rotating carrier 08 to rotate, the rotating speed of the sample rotating carrier 08 is controlled through the precisely controlled air flow, the vector atom magnetometer 24 detects the magnetic signal and collects the magnetic signal, and if necessary, the temperature of the sample in the square sample filling bin 07 can be controlled through controlling the temperature of the air flow. And (3) after the direction of the sample to be measured is adjusted, putting the sample to be measured into the square sample filling bin 07, covering the sample bin cover 06 tightly, repeating the step 1 and the step 2, and measuring the magnetic field of the sample in other directions. And finally, calibrating the magnetic field of the sample by using the magnetic field calibration coil 21 to realize the quantitative detection of the extremely weak magnetism of the material of the sample.
As shown in fig. 3, some devices including a precision power supply 31, a signal acquisition system 32, a gas compressor 33, and a flow controller 34 are required to be added in this embodiment, and the application to the quantitative detection of extremely weak magnetism of a material is more practical. In an embodiment, the precision power supply 31 provides the precision current required by the magnetic field calibration coil 21. The signal acquisition system 32 acquires the vector atom magnetometer 24 to acquire the magnetic signals. The gas compressor 33 and the flow controller 34 cooperate to provide a precisely controlled gas flow to control the rotational speed of the sample rotary carrier 08 to effect rotation of the sample to be measured.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An apparatus for quantitative detection of extremely weak magnetic properties of a material, comprising:
the internal magnetic shield (22) is used for providing a detection space with silent magnetic field for the sample (41) to be detected;
the external magnetic shield (23), the external magnetic shield (23) locates at the periphery of the said internal magnetic shield (22), is used for realizing the demagnetization of the magnetic field silence;
the non-magnetic sample introduction guide pipe (04) penetrates through the inner magnetic shield (22) and the outer magnetic shield (23), the non-magnetic sample introduction guide pipe (04) is arranged in a non-contact mode with the inner magnetic shield (22) and the outer magnetic shield (23), and one end of the non-magnetic sample introduction guide pipe (04) is connected with the air inlet module;
the sample rotating carrier (08) is arranged in the detection space, the sample rotating carrier (08) is arranged in the non-magnetic sample introduction conduit (04), and a sample filling bin (07) is arranged in the sample rotating carrier (08) and is used for placing a sample (41) to be detected;
the pneumatic turbofan (05) is arranged at one end, close to the air inlet module, of the sample rotating carrier (08), and the pneumatic turbofan (05) is used for driving the sample rotating carrier (08) to rotate along the axis of the nonmagnetic sampling guide pipe (04) under the action of air flow provided by the air inlet module;
the rotating support module is arranged at the other end of the sample rotating carrier (08) and is movably connected with the sample rotating carrier (08);
the magnetic field calibration coil (21) is arranged in the detection space, corresponds to the sample filling bin (07), and is used for calibrating the magnetic field of the sample (41) to be detected; and
and the vector atomic magnetometer (24) is arranged in the detection space, corresponds to the sample filling bin (07), and is used for detecting a magnetic signal of the sample (41) to be detected in the rotating process.
2. The device for quantitative detection of extremely weak magnetism of material according to claim 1, characterized in that, the rotation support module comprises a slide block support stator (10), the connection surface of the slide block support stator (10) and the sample rotary carrier (08) is a spherical curved surface, and a plurality of vent grooves are arranged on the spherical curved surface.
3. The device for quantitative detection of extremely weak magnetism of material according to claim 2, characterized in that the connecting surface of the slide block supporting stator (10) and the sample rotary carrier (08) is further coated with lubricant.
4. The device for quantitatively detecting the infinitesimal magnetism of the material according to claim 2, wherein the rotating support module further comprises a first support (03), a second support (09) and a stator support (12), the first support (03) and the second support (09) are both fixedly connected with a non-magnetic sample introduction conduit (04), the first support (03) is arranged between the gas inlet module and the external magnetic shield (23), the second support (09) is provided with the stator support (12), the stator support (12) is fixedly connected with a slider support stator (10), and a gas outlet pipe (11) communicated with the vent groove is arranged inside the stator support (12); scales for conveying and positioning a sample (41) to be measured are marked on the stator support (12).
5. The device for quantitative detection of extremely weak magnetism of material according to claim 1, characterized in that, the gas inlet module comprises a gas compressor (33), a flow controller (34) and a gas inlet conduit (01) which are connected in sequence, the gas inlet conduit (01) is communicated with a non-magnetic sample inlet conduit (04).
6. The device for quantitative detection of extremely weak magnetism of material according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising a precision power supply (31), wherein the precision power supply (31) is electrically connected with the magnetic field calibration coil (21); the magnetic field calibration coil (21) generates a precise magnetic field with the same frequency as the rotating speed of the sample (41) to be measured, and the precise magnetic field is used for magnetic field calibration.
7. The device for quantitative detection of extremely weak magnetism of material according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising a signal acquisition system (32) and a controller, wherein the signal acquisition system (32) is used for acquiring magnetic signals acquired by detection of the vector atomic magnetometer (24), and the controller is used for realizing quantitative detection of extremely weak magnetism of material of the sample to be detected (41) according to the magnetic signals and the calibrated magnetic field of the sample to be detected (41).
8. The device for the quantitative detection of extremely weak magnetism of materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, the sample filling bin (07) is a square sample filling bin; a sample bin cover (06) is further arranged on the sample rotary carrier (08); the inner magnetic shield (22) and the outer magnetic shield (23) are both multilayer permalloy.
9. A method for quantitative detection of extremely weak magnetism of a material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, providing a magnetic silent detection space, and sending the sample to be detected into the detection space after the sample to be detected is silent for a certain time;
s2, the sample to be detected (41) is driven to rotate in a pneumatic mode, so that the sample to be detected (41) generates magnetic field disturbance in the magnetic sensitivity direction of the vector atom magnetometer (24), and at the moment, the vector atom magnetometer (24) detects and acquires a magnetic signal of a detection space;
s3, adjusting the placing direction of the sample (41) to be detected, and repeating the steps S1 and S2 to obtain magnetic signals of the sample (41) to be detected in other directions;
s4, starting the magnetic field calibration coil (21), and completing the calibration of the magnetic field size of the sample (41) to be tested by using the magnetic field calibration coil (21);
s5, the material extremely weak magnetism of the sample (41) to be detected is quantitatively detected according to the magnetic signal of the sample (41) to be detected and the size of the calibrated magnetic field.
10. The method for quantitative detection of extremely weak magnetism of material according to claim 9, wherein the step S1 specifically comprises the following steps: after a sample (41) to be detected is placed into the sample filling bin (07), the sample rotating carrier (08) is pushed into the outer magnetic shield (23) for silence for a certain time, and then the sample rotating carrier (08) is sent into the inner magnetic shield (22);
in step S2, the method for driving the sample to be measured (41) to rotate in a pneumatic manner is as follows: controlling an air inlet module to input air flow into a non-magnetic sample introduction conduit (04) so as to blow a pneumatic turbofan (05) to rotate through the air flow to drive a sample rotating carrier (08) loaded with a sample (41) to be detected to rotate; wherein the temperature within the sample rotary carrier (08) is controllable by controlling the temperature of the gas stream;
in step S4, the magnetic field calibration coil (21) generates a precise magnetic field with the same frequency as the rotation speed of the sample (41) to be measured, so as to calibrate the magnitude of the magnetic field.
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