CN113681851A - Process and equipment for preparing co-extruded wood-plastic composite material by one-step method - Google Patents

Process and equipment for preparing co-extruded wood-plastic composite material by one-step method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113681851A
CN113681851A CN202110924153.5A CN202110924153A CN113681851A CN 113681851 A CN113681851 A CN 113681851A CN 202110924153 A CN202110924153 A CN 202110924153A CN 113681851 A CN113681851 A CN 113681851A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
barrel body
movable
powder
block
groove
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Granted
Application number
CN202110924153.5A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN113681851B (en
Inventor
张清锋
马鑫
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Shaoxing Yong Sheng New Material Co ltd
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Shaoxing Yong Sheng New Material Co ltd
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Priority to CN202110924153.5A priority Critical patent/CN113681851B/en
Publication of CN113681851A publication Critical patent/CN113681851A/en
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Publication of CN113681851B publication Critical patent/CN113681851B/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
    • B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/285—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder
    • B29C48/287—Raw material pre-treatment while feeding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/285—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder
    • B29C48/288—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder in solid form, e.g. powder or granules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/285—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder
    • B29C48/297—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder at several locations, e.g. using several hoppers or using a separate additive feeding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/76—Venting, drying means; Degassing means
    • B29C48/765—Venting, drying means; Degassing means in the extruder apparatus
    • B29C48/766—Venting, drying means; Degassing means in the extruder apparatus in screw extruders
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a process for preparing a co-extruded wood-plastic composite material by a one-step method, which comprises the following steps: putting plant fiber powder, plastic powder, maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene powder, lubricant powder and antioxidant powder into mixing equipment, uniformly mixing, and adding the mixture into co-extrusion wood-plastic composite material manufacturing equipment to extrude a core layer; adding the surface material into a single-screw extruder; extruding and molding through a die; the manufacturing equipment of the co-extrusion wood-plastic composite material is a conical double-screw extruder, and a screw structure feeding area of the conical double-screw extruder comprises a plurality of groups of meshing blocks and a first vacuum pumping hole; the screw plasticizing area comprises a plurality of groups of meshing blocks and a second vacuum pumping hole; the invention adopts a one-step method to prepare the wood-plastic composite material, uses the powder raw material, and strengthens the plasticizing capacity and the vacuum air extraction capacity of the conical double screw. Compared with a two-step method, the one-step method is adopted to prepare the co-extruded wood-plastic composite material, so that the energy consumption of equipment can be greatly reduced.

Description

Process and equipment for preparing co-extruded wood-plastic composite material by one-step method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite material preparation, and particularly relates to a process and equipment for preparing a co-extruded wood-plastic composite material by a one-step method.
Background
The production process of the common polyethylene-based wood-plastic composite material is a two-step method. The first step is to mix plant fiber, polyethylene granules, maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, lubricant and the like, add the mixture into a parallel double-screw extruder for plasticizing and granulating to prepare wood-plastic composite particles, and then add the wood-plastic composite particles into a conical double-screw extruder for extrusion molding to prepare the wood-plastic composite section, such as a floor.
The disadvantages of the two-step process are: 1. the first step is pre-plasticized by a parallel double-screw extruder, so that the energy consumption is very high; 2. The temperature of the first-step production process is high and is more than 180 ℃, the plant fibers can release a large amount of water vapor, extract waste gas, wood-plastic composite material dust and the like at high temperature, the peculiar smell is heavy, the air quantity of the cooling tail gas by air blowing is large, the treatment cost is high, and the fire hazard is large.
If a parallel double-screw extruder is not used for plasticizing, the conical double-screw extruder is directly adopted for extrusion molding, and the prior art has the following problems: the plasticizing capacity of the conical double-screw extruder is weak, plant fibers and polyethylene granules cannot be uniformly plasticized, and water vapor and the like are difficult to completely extract, so that the product has low mechanical strength, high water absorption rate and poor freeze-thaw resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a process and equipment for preparing a co-extrusion wood-plastic composite material by a one-step method in order to overcome the defects of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a one-step process for preparing a co-extruded wood-plastic composite material comprises the following steps: putting plant fiber powder, plastic powder, maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene powder, lubricant powder and antioxidant powder into mixing equipment, uniformly mixing, and adding the mixture into co-extrusion wood-plastic composite material manufacturing equipment to extrude a core layer; adding the surface material into a single-screw extruder; extruding and molding through a die; the mixing equipment comprises a first barrel body, a second barrel body and a third barrel body, wherein first connecting rings are respectively arranged at two ends of the second barrel body, first connecting grooves matched with the first connecting rings are respectively arranged on the first barrel body and the third barrel body, a motor used for driving the second barrel body to rotate is arranged on the first barrel body, a stirring shaft is arranged in the first barrel body, a first connecting block is arranged on the side wall of the first barrel body, a first supporting rod is movably connected to the first connecting block, a second connecting block is arranged on the side wall of the third barrel body, a second supporting rod is movably connected to the second connecting block, and a hydraulic cylinder used for pushing the first supporting rod to move upwards is arranged below the first supporting rod; a feed inlet is formed in the first barrel body, and a discharge outlet is formed in the bottom of the third barrel body; the concrete operation in the mixing device is as follows: putting plant fiber powder, plastic powder, maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene powder, lubricant powder and antioxidant powder into a first barrel from a feeding port, rotating a stirring shaft to stir the powder, wherein the powder is in the first barrel, after the powder is stirred for a specified time, a hydraulic cylinder drives a first supporting rod to move upwards, the first supporting rod pushes the first barrel to move upwards, one end of the first barrel is lifted, the first barrel, a second barrel and a third barrel are in an inclined state, the powder in the first barrel is moved into the second barrel, the hydraulic cylinder drives one end of the first barrel to descend, the first barrel, the second barrel and the third barrel are restored to a horizontal state, a motor drives the second barrel to rotate, the second barrel rotates to drive the powder to turn over, the powder is continuously stirred, and after the powder is stirred, the hydraulic cylinder pushes the first supporting rod to move upwards again, the first barrel body, the second barrel body and the third barrel body are inclined again, powder in the second barrel body enters the third barrel body, the powder in the third barrel body is discharged from the discharge port as required, and new powder is continuously put into the first barrel body to be stirred.
The powder material is used, so that the plasticizing effect is improved; the one-step method is adopted to prepare the co-extruded wood-plastic composite material, so that the energy consumption of equipment is greatly reduced, the phenomenon that plant fibers are directly put into the equipment to generate a large amount of water vapor is avoided, the preparation difficulty of the co-extruded wood-plastic composite material is reduced, the processing environment of the co-extruded wood-plastic composite material is improved, and the use safety of the equipment is improved; through the arrangement of the first barrel body and the second barrel body, the powder is subjected to secondary mixing after primary mixing, the mixing effect of the powder is improved, and the powder is ensured to be fully mixed; the powder after mixing is stored temporarily in the third staving, and the powder can be discharged from the third staving as required, can continue to put into new powder of treating the mixture this moment in the first staving, makes first staving and third staving work alone, is supplementary powder in the third staving fast after the discharge powder in the third staving, promotes powder mixing efficiency to promote the production efficiency who crowd wood-plastic composite altogether.
A first baffle is arranged on the inner wall of the third barrel body, a first movable groove is arranged on the first baffle, a second baffle is arranged in the first movable groove, a first connecting rod is arranged on the side wall of the first baffle, a first movable cavity communicated with the first movable groove is arranged on the first connecting rod, a first counterweight block is arranged in the first movable cavity, a first reset spring is arranged at one end of the first counterweight block, a first connecting rope is arranged at the other end of the first counterweight block, and one end of the first connecting rope is fixedly connected to the second baffle; a second movable groove is formed in the inner wall of the first movable cavity, a first connecting spring is arranged in the second movable groove, a first limiting block is arranged at one end of the first connecting spring, and a first electromagnet is arranged in the second movable groove; after the powder is mixed in the first barrel body, the hydraulic cylinder drives the first supporting rod to move upwards, the first barrel body, the second barrel body and the third barrel body are turned over to an inclined state, the second baffle extends out of the first movable groove, the first baffle and the second baffle seal the third barrel body, the powder falling from the first barrel body falls into the second barrel body, and after the second barrel body is turned over to a horizontal state, the second barrel body rotates to continuously mix the powder; the powder mixes in the second staving and accomplishes the back, the pneumatic cylinder promotes first bracing piece and up moves once more, first electro-magnet circular telegram inhales first stopper the second activity inslot, first counterweight piece moves toward first activity chamber one end after the slope of third staving, first connecting rope pulling second baffle removes toward first activity inslot, the second baffle enters into first activity inslot and opens the third staving, powder in the second staving enters into to keep in the third staving, first staving resumes to continue after the level and adds the powder toward being less than in the staving, realize the continuous preparation of mixed powder.
A third movable groove is formed in the inner wall of the first barrel body, a rotary table is arranged in the third movable groove, a second connecting groove is formed in the rotary table, a first connecting shaft matched with the second connecting groove is arranged on the stirring shaft, and a plurality of stirring rods are arranged on the stirring shaft; the stirring shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the first barrel body; the motor is a double-head motor, a first connecting plate is arranged at the top of the first barrel body, a first transmission cavity communicated with the third movable groove is formed in the first connecting plate, a first transmission wheel is arranged in the first transmission cavity, and the first transmission wheel is arranged on one output shaft of the motor; a second driving wheel is arranged on the turntable, and the first driving wheel is connected with the second driving wheel through a synchronous belt; after the powder is placed into the first through body, the motor drives the first driving wheel to rotate, the first driving wheel drives the second driving wheel to rotate, the first connecting shaft is inserted into the second connecting groove, the rotary table drives the stirring shaft to rotate, and the stirring rod stirs the powder to finish the powder mixing step.
A first through groove is formed in the inner wall of the second connecting groove, a fixed rod penetrates through the first through groove, a first sliding block is arranged on the fixed rod, a first sliding groove matched with the first sliding block is formed in the inner wall of the first through groove, a second connecting plate is movably connected to the inner wall of the first sliding groove, one end of the second connecting plate is movably connected with a third connecting plate, and a second reset spring is further arranged on the inner wall of the first sliding groove; a second through groove is formed in the side wall of the first sliding groove, a first push plate penetrates through the second through groove, a second push plate is arranged at one end of the first push plate, a second sliding block is arranged on the first push plate, a second sliding groove matched with the second sliding block is formed in the inner wall of the second through groove, and a third reset spring is arranged on the second sliding block; the inner wall of the third movable groove is provided with a vibration component matched with the fixed rod; when the powder is placed in the first barrel body, the fixing rod is abutted against the side wall of the first connecting shaft, the turntable rotates to drive the stirring shaft to rotate, and the stirring rod mixes the powder; after the powder in the first barrel is mixed and is accomplished, the first bracing piece of pneumatic cylinder drive up moves, first barrel upset to the tilt state, first push pedal drives the second push pedal and removes toward first spout, the second push pedal promotes second connecting plate and third connecting plate and rotates, second connecting plate and third connecting plate promote the dead lever and are stretched out from the second spread groove, dead lever and vibrations subassembly cooperation when the carousel drives the fixed pole rotation, the (mixing) shaft is in quiescent condition this moment, produce vibrations on first barrel, powder on the first barrel drops to in the second barrel under first barrel vibrations, the powder enters into and continues to do the mixing operation in the second barrel.
A fourth movable groove is formed in the inner wall of the third movable groove, the vibration assembly comprises a first movable block arranged in the fourth movable groove, a second reset spring arranged on the side wall of the movable block and a first push block arranged on the first movable block, a fifth movable groove is formed in the first movable block, the first push block is arranged in the fifth movable groove, a third slide block is arranged on the side wall of the first push block, a third slide groove matched with the third slide block is formed in the inner wall of the fifth movable groove, and a fourth reset spring is arranged on the third slide block; a movable rod is arranged in the fifth movable groove, a fourth sliding groove matched with the movable rod is arranged on the side wall of the fifth movable groove, a fifth sliding groove matched with the movable rod is arranged on the inner wall of the fourth movable groove, a second connecting rope is arranged on the movable rod, and one end of the second connecting rope is fixedly connected to the first push block; after the hydraulic cylinder drives the first supporting rod to move upwards, the first barrel body rotates to an inclined state, the first push plate drives the second push plate to move, the second connecting plate and the third connecting plate push the fixed rod to extend out of the first through groove, the fixed rod pushes the first push block to move when the turntable drives the fixed rod to rotate, the first push block drives the first movable block to move in the fourth movable groove, the third slide block moves in the fifth movable groove, the third slide block moves to one end of the fifth movable groove, the first movable block moves relative to the movable rod, the second connecting rope pulls the first push block to enter the fifth movable groove, the fixed rod passes through the bottom of the first push block, the second reset spring pushes the first movable block to move back, the first movable block impacts on the inner wall of the fourth movable groove, vibration is generated on the first barrel body, and powder in the first barrel body is poured into the second barrel body.
A sixth movable groove is formed in the inner wall of the third movable groove, a second connecting spring and a second electromagnet are arranged in the sixth movable groove, a third push plate is arranged at one end of the second connecting spring and is of an annular structure, a first groove matched with the third push plate is formed in the rotary disc, and the first push plate penetrates through the first groove; a first transmission cavity is formed in the top of the sixth movable groove, a seventh movable groove communicated with the first transmission cavity is formed in the side wall of the third movable groove, a second connecting ring is arranged in the seventh movable groove, a friction block is arranged on the second connecting ring, and a second connecting rod connected with the second connecting ring is arranged on the third push plate; after the first barrel body rotates to an inclined state, the second electromagnet is electrified to push the third push plate to move towards the outer side of the sixth movable groove, the third push plate pushes the first push plate to move, and the fixed rod extends out of the first through groove to be in contact with the first push block; the third push plate drives the second connecting ring to move together when moving, the friction block moves along with the second connecting ring and abuts against the stirring shaft, the stirring shaft is fixed at the current position, the rotary disc rotates relative to the stirring shaft, and vibration is generated on the first barrel body.
A base is arranged on one side of the first barrel, the first supporting rod is arranged on the base, a mounting groove is formed in the base, the hydraulic cylinder is arranged in the mounting groove, a third connecting rod is arranged on the base, a second movable cavity matched with the third connecting rod is formed in the first supporting rod, a plurality of eighth movable grooves are formed in the third connecting rod, third connecting springs are arranged in the eighth movable grooves, a second limiting block is arranged at one end of each third connecting spring, an inclined plane is arranged at the top of each second limiting block, and a cambered surface is arranged at the bottom of each second limiting block; a ninth movable groove is formed in the inner wall of the second movable cavity, a tenth movable groove is formed in the top of the ninth movable groove, a second movable block penetrates through the tenth movable groove, a fourth connecting rod is arranged on the side wall of the second movable block, and the fourth connecting rod penetrates out of the ninth movable groove; a fifth return spring is arranged on the second movable block, and a fifth connecting rod is arranged at the top of the tenth movable groove; after the powder is mixed in the first barrel body, the hydraulic cylinder drives the first supporting rod to move upwards, the first supporting rod moves upwards relative to the third connecting rod, the fourth connecting rod is contacted with the bottom of the second limiting block when moving along with the first supporting rod, the fourth connecting rod moves downwards relative to the first supporting rod, the fourth connecting rod moves to the bottom of the ninth movable groove, the fourth connecting rod pushes the second limiting block to move towards the eighth movable groove, the fourth connecting rod passes through one side of the second limiting block after the second limiting block enters the eighth movable groove, the fifth reset spring pulls the second movable block to move back, the second movable block impacts the fifth connecting rod, the fifth connecting rod generates vibration and is transmitted to the first barrel body, and the powder in the first barrel body falls into the second barrel body; when the hydraulic cylinder drives the first connecting rod to move downwards, the fourth connecting rod abuts against the top of the second limiting block, the second limiting block is directly pushed into the eighth movable groove, and the first supporting rod normally descends.
The bottom of the third barrel body is provided with a connecting box, the discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the connecting box, the inner wall of the connecting box is rotatably connected with a material guide plate, a third support rod is further arranged in the connecting box, and the third support rod is arranged at the bottom of the material guide plate; an eleventh movable groove is formed in the bottom of the material guide plate, a twelfth movable groove is formed in the side wall of the eleventh movable groove, a third movable cavity is formed in the side wall of the twelfth movable groove, a third movable block is arranged in the third movable cavity, a sixth reset spring is arranged on the third movable block, and a sixth connecting rod is arranged on the inner wall of the third movable cavity; a second push block is arranged in the eleventh movable groove, a fourth connecting spring is arranged on the second push block, a fourth connecting plate is movably connected to the second push block, a fourth push plate is arranged at one end of the fourth connecting plate, and the fourth push plate penetrates through the twelfth movable groove; a rotary roller is arranged in the connecting box, and a convex block is arranged on the rotary roller; after the powder enters the third barrel body, the rotary roller rotates to drive the lug to rotate, when the lug cannot push the material guide plate to move, the lug pushes the second retreating block to move into the eleventh movable groove, the second pushing block pushes the fourth connecting plate to rotate, the fourth connecting plate pushes the fourth pushing plate to move into the third movable cavity, the fourth pushing plate pushes the third movable block to move, after the lug is moved away from the bottom of the second pushing block, the second pushing block extends out of the eleventh movable groove, the sixth reset spring pulls the third movable block to move, the third movable block impacts the sixth connecting rod, the vibration on the sixth connecting rod is transmitted to the material guide plate, and the powder on the material guide plate is shaken and falls and is discharged from the discharge port; when the lug rotates, one end of the material guide plate can be directly pushed to rise, and then one end of the material guide plate falls on the third support rod after rising, so that vibration is generated on the material guide plate, and powder on the material guide plate is discharged from the material guide plate.
A third connecting block is arranged at the top of the third barrel body, a seventh connecting rod is arranged on the side wall of the connecting box, and one end of the seventh connecting rod is fixedly connected to the third connecting block; a third driving wheel is arranged on the other vegetable output shaft of the motor, a thirteenth movable groove is arranged on the third connecting block, a driving shaft is arranged in the thirteenth movable groove, a first driving groove matched with the driving shaft is arranged on the third driving wheel, a fourteenth movable groove is arranged on the side wall of the thirteenth movable groove, a connecting disc is arranged in the fourteenth movable groove, a seventh reset spring is arranged on the connecting disc, the driving shaft is rotatably connected to the connecting disc, a second driving cavity is also arranged on the side wall of the thirteenth movable groove, a fourth driving wheel is arranged in the second driving cavity, the fourth driving wheel is in driving fit with the driving shaft through a first driving belt, a third driving cavity communicated with the second driving cavity is arranged on the seventh connecting rod, and a fifth driving wheel is arranged in the third driving cavity, the two ends of the rotating roller are respectively provided with a second connecting shaft, the fifth driving wheel and the second connecting shaft form transmission fit through a second driving belt, and the fourth driving wheel is provided with a sixth driving wheel matched with the fifth driving wheel; a fifth connecting plate is arranged on the third connecting block, an eighth connecting rod is arranged on the connecting plate, a first connecting cavity is arranged on the fifth connecting plate, a third connecting rope is arranged on the eighth connecting rod, a ninth connecting rod is arranged on a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, a second groove matched with the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the bottom of the first supporting rod, and one end of the third connecting rope is fixedly connected to the ninth connecting rod; after the third barrel body rotates to a horizontal position, the first supporting rod is located on the base, the hydraulic cylinder drives the ninth connecting rod to move downwards, the ninth connecting rod drives the third connecting rope to move downwards, the third connecting rope pulls the eighth connecting rod to move, the connecting disc drives the transmission shaft to move, the transmission shaft is inserted into the first transmission groove to be in transmission fit with the third transmission wheel, the motor drives the third transmission wheel to rotate, the transmission shaft drives the rotating roller to rotate, and the lug is in contact with the second pushing block to generate vibration on the material guide plate so as to discharge powder on the material guide plate; when the hydraulic cylinder drives the first supporting rod to move upwards, the third connecting rope is in a loose state, the seventh reset spring pushes the connecting disc to move, the transmission shaft is separated from the first transmission groove, and the material guide plate is in a static state.
The manufacturing equipment of the co-extrusion wood-plastic composite material is a conical double-screw extruder, and a screw structure feeding area of the conical double-screw extruder contains an engaging block and a first air exhaust hole; the screw plasticizing area comprises an engaging block and a second air suction hole.
The invention has the following advantages: a conical double-screw extruder is improved, a screw structure in a feeding area is designed according to a parallel double-screw extruder, powder is used, the plasticizing effect is improved, vacuum air extraction is performed after the feeding area, and water vapor is extracted away; then designing a section of plasticizing area to further plasticize the raw material, and vacuumizing a part of water vapor; finally, the structural design of the screw is consistent with that of the existing conical double-screw extruder, and the screw is suitable for extrusion molding; the one-step method is adopted to prepare the co-extruded wood-plastic composite material, so that the energy consumption of equipment is greatly reduced, the phenomenon that plant fibers are directly put into the equipment to generate a large amount of water vapor is avoided, the preparation difficulty of the co-extruded wood-plastic composite material is reduced, the processing environment of the co-extruded wood-plastic composite material is improved, and the use safety of the equipment is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a co-extrusion wood-plastic composite material manufacturing device of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the mixing apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the mixing apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along a-a in fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of fig. 3.
Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of fig. 6 at B.
Fig. 8 is a right side view of the mixing device of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of fig. 8.
Fig. 10 is an enlarged view of fig. 9 at C.
Fig. 11 is an enlarged view of fig. 9 at D.
Fig. 12 is an enlarged view of fig. 9 at E.
Fig. 13 is an enlarged view of fig. 9 at F.
Fig. 14 is an enlarged view at G in fig. 9.
Fig. 15 is an enlarged view of fig. 9 at H.
Fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of fig. 8.
Fig. 17 is an enlarged view at I in fig. 16.
Fig. 18 is an enlarged view at J in fig. 17.
Fig. 19 is a sectional view taken along G-G in fig. 8.
Fig. 20 is an enlarged view at K in fig. 19.
Fig. 21 is a cross-sectional view taken along H-H in fig. 8.
Fig. 22 is an enlarged view at L in fig. 21.
Fig. 23 is an enlarged view of fig. 21 at M.
FIG. 24 is a schematic view of a conical twin-screw structure in the co-extrusion wood-plastic composite material manufacturing equipment.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-23, a one-step process for preparing a co-extruded wood-plastic composite material includes: putting plant fiber powder, plastic powder, maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene powder, lubricant powder and antioxidant powder into mixing equipment, uniformly mixing, and adding the mixture into co-extrusion wood-plastic composite material manufacturing equipment to extrude a core layer; adding the surface material into a single-screw extruder; extruding and molding through a die; the mixing device comprises a first barrel body 1, a second barrel body 2 and a third barrel body 3, wherein first connecting rings 21 are respectively arranged at two ends of the second barrel body 2, first connecting grooves matched with the first connecting rings 21 are respectively arranged on the first barrel body 1 and the third barrel body 3, a motor 142 for driving the second barrel body 2 to rotate is arranged on the first barrel body 1, a stirring shaft 15 is arranged in the first barrel body 1, a first connecting block 11 is arranged on the side wall of the first barrel body 1, a first supporting rod 111 is movably connected to the first connecting block 11, a second connecting block 31 is arranged on the side wall of the third barrel body 3, a second supporting rod 311 is movably connected to the second connecting block 31, and a hydraulic cylinder 41 for pushing the first supporting rod 111 to move upwards is arranged below the first supporting rod 111; a feed inlet 12 is formed in the first barrel body 1, and a discharge outlet is formed in the bottom of the third barrel body 3; the specific operations in the mixing device are as follows: plant fiber powder, plastic powder, maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene powder, lubricant powder and antioxidant powder are put into the first barrel body 1 from the feed inlet 12, the stirring shaft 15 rotates to stir the powder, the powder is positioned in the first barrel body 1 at the moment, after the powder is stirred for a specified time, the hydraulic cylinder 41 drives the first supporting rod 111 to move upwards, the first supporting rod 111 pushes the first barrel body 1 to move upwards, the first barrel body 1, the second barrel body 2 and the third barrel body 3 are in an inclined state after one end of the first barrel body 1 is lifted, the powder in the first barrel body 1 moves into the second barrel body 2, the hydraulic cylinder 41 drives one end of the first barrel body 1 to descend, the first barrel body 1, the second barrel body 2 and the third barrel body 3 are restored to a horizontal state, the motor 142 drives the second barrel body 2 to rotate, the second barrel body 2 rotates to drive the powder to turn over, and the powder is continuously stirred, after the powder stirring is completed, the hydraulic cylinder 41 pushes the first supporting rod 111 to move upwards again, the first barrel body 1, the second barrel body 2 and the third barrel body 3 incline again, the powder in the second barrel body 2 enters the third barrel body 3, the powder in the third barrel body 3 is discharged from the discharge port as required, and new powder is continuously put into the first barrel body 1 for stirring.
A first baffle 33 is arranged on the inner wall of the third barrel body 3, a first movable groove is arranged on the first baffle 33, a second baffle 331 is arranged in the first movable groove, a first connecting rod 34 is arranged on the side wall of the first baffle 33, a first movable cavity communicated with the first movable groove is arranged on the first connecting rod 34, a first balancing weight 341 is arranged in the first movable cavity, a first reset spring 342 is arranged at one end of the first balancing weight 341, a first connecting rope is arranged at the other end of the first balancing weight, and one end of the first connecting rope is fixedly connected to the second baffle 331; a second movable groove is formed in the inner wall of the first movable cavity, a first connecting spring 351 is arranged in the second movable groove, a first limiting block 35 is arranged at one end of the first connecting spring 351, and a first electromagnet is arranged in the second movable groove; after the powder is mixed in the first barrel body 1, the hydraulic cylinder 41 drives the first supporting rod 111 to move upwards, the first barrel body 1, the second barrel body 2 and the third barrel body 3 are turned over to an inclined state, at the moment, the second baffle 331 extends out from the first movable groove, the first baffle 33 and the second baffle 331 seal the third barrel body 3, the powder falling out from the first barrel body 1 falls into the second barrel body 2, and after the second barrel body 2 is turned over to a horizontal state, the second barrel body 2 rotates to continue to mix the powder; after the powder is mixed in the second barrel body 2, the hydraulic cylinder 41 pushes the first supporting rod 111 to move upwards again, the first electromagnet is electrified to suck the first limiting block 35 into the second movable groove, the first balancing weight 341 moves towards one end of the first movable cavity after the third barrel body 3 inclines, the first connecting rope pulls the second baffle 331 to move towards the first movable groove, the second baffle 331 enters the first movable groove to open the third barrel body 3, the powder in the second barrel body 2 enters the third barrel body 3 and temporarily exists in the third barrel body 3, the first barrel body 1 is restored to be horizontal and then continues to be lower than the barrel body to add the powder, and continuous preparation of mixed powder is realized.
A third movable groove is formed in the inner wall of the first barrel body 1, a rotary table 16 is arranged in the third movable groove, a second connecting groove is formed in the rotary table 16, a first connecting shaft 152 matched with the second connecting groove is arranged on the stirring shaft 15, and a plurality of stirring rods 151 are arranged on the stirring shaft 15; the stirring shaft 15 can be rotatably connected to the inner wall of the first barrel body 1; the motor 142 is a double-head motor, the top of the first barrel body 1 is provided with a first connecting plate 13, the first connecting plate 13 is provided with a first transmission cavity communicated with the third movable groove, a first transmission wheel is arranged in the first transmission cavity, and the first transmission wheel is arranged on one output shaft of the motor 142; a second driving wheel 165 is arranged on the turntable 16, and the first driving wheel is connected with the second driving wheel 165 through a synchronous belt; after the powder is put into the first through body, the motor 142 drives the first driving wheel to rotate, the first driving wheel drives the second driving wheel 165 to rotate, the first connecting shaft 152 is inserted into the second connecting groove, the turntable 16 drives the stirring shaft 15 to rotate, the stirring rod 151 stirs the powder, and the powder mixing step is completed.
A first through groove is formed in the inner wall of the second connecting groove, a fixing rod 161 penetrates through the first through groove, a first sliding block 1611 is arranged on the fixing rod 161, a first sliding groove matched with the first sliding block 1611 is formed in the inner wall of the first through groove, a second connecting plate 162 is movably connected to the inner wall of the first sliding groove, a third connecting plate 163 is movably connected to one end of the second connecting plate 162, and a second reset spring 164 is further arranged on the inner wall of the first sliding groove; a second through groove is formed in the side wall of the first sliding groove, a first push plate 166 penetrates through the second through groove, a second push plate 1661 is arranged at one end of the first push plate 166, a second sliding block 1662 is arranged on the first push plate 166, a second sliding groove matched with the second sliding block 1662 is formed in the inner wall of the second through groove, and a third return spring 1663 is arranged on the second sliding block 1662; the inner wall of the third movable groove is provided with a vibration component matched with the fixed rod 161; when the powder is put into the first barrel body 1, the fixing rod 161 is abutted against the side wall of the first connecting shaft 152, the rotating disc 16 rotates to drive the stirring shaft 15 to rotate, and the stirring rod 151 mixes the powder; after the powder in the first barrel body 1 is mixed, the hydraulic cylinder 41 drives the first supporting rod 111 to move upwards, the first barrel body 1 is turned to an inclined state, the first push plate 166 drives the second push plate 1661 to move in the first sliding groove, the second push plate 1661 pushes the second connecting plate 162 and the third connecting plate 163 to rotate, the second connecting plate 162 and the third connecting plate 163 push the fixing rod 161 to be extended out from the second connecting groove, the fixing rod 161 is matched with the vibration assembly when the turntable 16 drives the fixing rod 161 to rotate, the stirring shaft 15 is in a static state at the moment, vibration is generated on the first barrel body 1, the powder on the first barrel body 1 drops into the second barrel body 2 under the vibration of the first barrel body 1, and the powder enters the second barrel body 2 to continue to be mixed.
A fourth movable groove is formed in the inner wall of the third movable groove, the vibration assembly comprises a first movable block 17 arranged in the fourth movable groove, an eighth reset spring 171 arranged on the side wall of the movable block and a first push block 172 arranged on the first movable block 17, a fifth movable groove is formed in the first movable block 17, the first push block 172 is arranged in the fifth movable groove, a third slide block is arranged on the side wall of the first push block 172, a third slide groove matched with the third slide block is formed in the inner wall of the fifth movable groove, and a fourth reset spring is arranged on the third slide block; a movable rod 173 is arranged in the fifth movable groove, a fourth sliding groove matched with the movable rod 173 is arranged on the side wall of the fifth movable groove, a fifth sliding groove matched with the movable rod 173 is arranged on the inner wall of the fourth movable groove, a second connecting rope is arranged on the movable rod 173, and one end of the second connecting rope is fixedly connected to the first push block 172; after the hydraulic cylinder 41 drives the first supporting rod 111 to move upwards, the first barrel 1 rotates to an inclined state, the first push plate 166 drives the second push plate 1661 to move, the second connecting plate 162 and the third connecting plate 163 push the fixed rod 161 to extend out of the first through groove, when the turntable 16 drives the fixed rod 161 to rotate, the fixed rod 161 pushes the first push block 172 to move, the first push block 172 drives the first movable block 17 to move in the fourth movable groove, the third slide block moves in the fifth movable groove, after the third slide block moves to one end of the fifth slide groove, the first movable block 17 moves relative to the movable rod 173, the second connecting rope pulls the first push block 172 to enter the fifth movable groove, the fixed rod 161 passes through the bottom of the first push block 172, the eighth return spring 171 pushes the first movable block 17 to move back, the first movable block 17 impacts on the inner wall of the fourth movable groove, so that the first barrel 1 vibrates, the powder in the first tub 1 is poured into the second tub 2.
A sixth movable groove is formed in the inner wall of the third movable groove, a second connecting spring 181 and a second electromagnet are arranged in the sixth movable groove, a third push plate 18 is arranged at one end of the second connecting spring 181, the third push plate 18 is of an annular structure, a first groove matched with the third push plate 18 is formed in the rotary table 16, and the first push plate 166 is arranged in the first groove in a penetrating manner; a first transmission cavity is formed in the top of the sixth movable groove, a seventh movable groove communicated with the first transmission cavity is formed in the side wall of the third movable groove, a second connecting ring 183 is arranged in the seventh movable groove, a friction block 184 is arranged on the second connecting ring 183, and a second connecting rod 182 connected with the second connecting ring 183 is arranged on the third push plate 18; after the first barrel 1 rotates to an inclined state, the second electromagnet is electrified to push the third push plate 18 to move towards the outer side of the sixth movable groove, the third push plate 18 pushes the first push plate 166 to move, and the fixed rod 161 extends out of the first through groove to be in contact with the first push block 172; when the third push plate 18 moves, the second connecting ring 183 moves together, the friction block 184 moves along with the second connecting ring 183 and abuts against the stirring shaft 15, the stirring shaft 15 is fixed at the current position, and the rotating disc 16 rotates relative to the stirring shaft 15 to generate vibration on the first barrel body 1.
A base 4 is arranged on one side of the first barrel body 1, the first support rod 111 is arranged on the base 4, a mounting groove is formed in the base 4, the hydraulic cylinder 41 is arranged in the mounting groove, a third connecting rod 42 is arranged on the base 4, a second movable cavity matched with the third connecting rod 42 is arranged on the first support rod 111, a plurality of eighth movable grooves are formed in the third connecting rod 42, a third connecting spring 422 is arranged in each eighth movable groove, a second limit block 421 is arranged at one end of each third connecting spring 422, an inclined plane is arranged at the top of each second limit block 421, and a cambered surface is arranged at the bottom of each second limit block 421; a ninth movable groove is formed in the inner wall of the second movable cavity, a tenth movable groove is formed in the top of the ninth movable groove, a second movable block 112 penetrates through the tenth movable groove, a fourth connecting rod 114 is arranged on the side wall of the second movable block 112, and the fourth connecting rod 114 penetrates out of the ninth movable groove; a fifth return spring 113 is arranged on the second movable block 112, and a fifth connecting rod is arranged at the top of the tenth movable groove; after the powder is mixed in the first barrel body 1, the hydraulic cylinder 41 drives the first supporting rod 111 to move upwards, the first supporting rod 111 moves upwards relative to the third connecting rod 42, the fourth connecting rod 114 contacts with the bottom of the second limiting block 421 when moving along with the first supporting rod 111, the fourth connecting rod 114 moves downwards relative to the first supporting rod 111, after the fourth connecting rod 114 moves to the bottom of the ninth movable groove, the fourth connecting rod 114 pushes the second limiting block 421 to move towards the eighth movable groove, after the second limiting block 421 enters the eighth movable groove, the fourth connecting rod 114 passes by from one side of the second limiting block 421, the fifth return spring 113 pulls the second movable block 112 to move backwards, the second movable block 112 impacts on the fifth connecting rod, the vibration generated on the fifth connecting rod is transmitted to the first barrel body 1, and is matched with the vibration component to improve the vibration effect on the first barrel body, the powder in the first barrel body 1 falls into the second barrel body 2; when the hydraulic cylinder 41 drives the first connecting rod 34 to move downward, the fourth connecting rod 114 abuts against the top of the second limiting block 421, the second limiting block 421 is directly pushed into the eighth movable groove, and the first supporting rod 111 normally descends.
The bottom of the third barrel body 3 is provided with a connecting box 36, the discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the connecting box 36, the inner wall of the connecting box 36 is rotatably connected with a material guide plate 37, a third support rod is further arranged in the connecting box 36, and the third support rod is arranged at the bottom of the material guide plate 37; an eleventh movable trough is arranged at the bottom of the material guide plate 37, a twelfth movable trough is arranged on the side wall of the eleventh movable trough, a third movable cavity is arranged on the side wall of the twelfth movable trough, a third movable block 375 is arranged in the third movable cavity, a sixth return spring 376 is arranged on the third movable block 375, and a sixth connecting rod 378 is arranged on the inner wall of the third movable cavity; a second push block 371 is arranged in the eleventh movable groove, a fourth connecting spring 372 is arranged on the second push block 371, a fourth connecting plate 373 is movably connected to the second push block 371, a fourth push plate 374 is arranged at one end of the fourth connecting plate 373, and the fourth push plate 374 penetrates through the twelfth movable groove; a rotating roller 39 is arranged in the connecting box 36, and a bump 391 is arranged on the rotating roller 39; after the powder enters the third barrel 3, the rotating roller 39 rotates to drive the bump 391 to rotate, when the bump 391 cannot push the material guide plate 37 to move, the bump 391 pushes the second retreating block to move into the eleventh movable groove, the second pushing block 371 pushes the fourth connecting plate 373 to rotate, the fourth connecting plate 373 pushes the fourth pushing plate 374 to move into the third movable cavity, the fourth pushing plate 374 pushes the third movable block 375 to move, after the bump 391 is moved away from the bottom of the second pushing block 371, the second pushing block 371 extends out of the eleventh movable groove, the sixth return spring 376 pulls the third movable block 375 to move, the third movable block 375 impacts the sixth connecting rod 378, the vibration on the sixth connecting rod 378 is transmitted to the material guide plate 37, and the powder on the material guide plate 37 shakes and falls and is discharged from the material outlet; when the protrusion 391 rotates, one end of the material guiding plate 37 can be directly pushed to rise, and then one end of the material guiding plate 37 falls on the third supporting rod after rising, so as to generate vibration on the material guiding plate 37, and discharge the powder on the material guiding plate 37 from the material guiding plate 37.
Sealing films 377 which are made of rubber are respectively arranged at two ends of the material guide plate, and the sealing films are used for sealing the bottom of the material guide plate; be equipped with the sixteenth activity groove on the discharge gate inner wall, be equipped with third baffle 310 in the sixteenth activity groove, the third baffle is controlled the switch of discharge gate, and the third baffle removes and relies on the electro-magnet to realize.
A third connecting block 32 is arranged at the top of the third barrel body 3, a seventh connecting rod is arranged on the side wall of the connecting box 36, and one end of the seventh connecting rod is fixedly connected to the third connecting block 32; a third driving wheel 143 is arranged on the other output shaft of the motor 142, a thirteenth movable groove is arranged on the third connecting block 32, a transmission shaft 321 is arranged in the thirteenth movable groove, a first transmission groove matched with the transmission shaft 321 is arranged on the third driving wheel 143, a fourteenth movable groove is arranged on the side wall of the thirteenth movable groove, a connecting disc 322 is arranged in the fourteenth movable groove, a seventh reset spring 323 is arranged on the connecting disc 322, the transmission shaft 321 is rotatably connected to the connecting disc 322, a second transmission cavity is also arranged on the side wall of the thirteenth movable groove, a fourth driving wheel 320 is arranged in the second transmission cavity, the fourth driving wheel 320 and the transmission shaft 321 form transmission matching through a first transmission belt, a third transmission cavity communicated with the second transmission cavity is arranged on the seventh connecting bar, a fifth driving wheel 330 is arranged in the third driving cavity, second connecting shafts are respectively arranged at two ends of the rotating roller 39, the fifth driving wheel 330 and the second connecting shafts form driving fit through a second driving belt, and a sixth driving wheel 3201 matched with the fifth driving wheel 330 is arranged on the fourth driving wheel 320; the sixth driving wheel and the fifth driving wheel are both bevel gears and are used for adjusting the rotation direction of the transmission shaft; a fifth connecting plate 324 is arranged on the third connecting block 32, an eighth connecting rod 3221 is arranged on the connecting plate 322, a first connecting cavity is arranged on the fifth connecting plate 324, a third connecting rope is arranged on the eighth connecting rod 3221, a ninth connecting rod 411 is arranged on a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 41, a second groove matched with the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 41 is arranged at the bottom of the first supporting rod 111, and one end of the third connecting rope is fixedly connected to the ninth connecting rod 411; after the third barrel 3 rotates to a horizontal position, the first supporting rod 111 is positioned on the base 4, the hydraulic cylinder 41 drives the ninth connecting rod 411 to move downwards, the ninth connecting rod 411 drives the third connecting rope to move downwards, the third connecting rope pulls the eighth connecting rod 3221 to move, the connecting disc 322 drives the transmission shaft 321 to move, the transmission shaft 321 is inserted into the first transmission groove to be in transmission fit with the third transmission wheel 143, the motor 142 drives the third transmission wheel 143 to rotate and drives the transmission shaft 321 to rotate, the transmission shaft 321 drives the rotating roller 39 to rotate, and the bump 391 is contacted with the second push block 371 to generate vibration on the material guide plate 37, so that powder on the material guide plate 37 is discharged; when the hydraulic cylinder 41 drives the first supporting rod 111 to move upwards, the third connecting rope is in a slack state, the seventh return spring 323 pushes the connecting disc 322 to move, the transmission shaft 321 is disengaged from the first transmission groove, and the material guide plate 37 is in a static state.
An equipment box 14 is arranged at the top of the first barrel, the motor is arranged in the equipment box, a connecting pipe 141 connected with the second connecting plate is arranged on the side wall of the equipment box, and one output shaft of the motor penetrates through the connecting pipe; a third connecting shaft 1431 is arranged on the third driving wheel, a through hole matched with the third connecting shaft is formed in the side wall of the equipment box, a fifteenth movable groove is formed in the third connecting shaft, a second balancing weight 1433 is arranged in the fifteenth movable groove, a fifth connecting spring 1432 is arranged on the side wall of the second balancing weight, and a second transmission groove matched with the second balancing weight is formed in the other output shaft of the motor; when one end of the first barrel body rises, the first barrel body is turned to an inclined state, the second counterweight block is separated from the second transmission groove under the action of gravity, and the motor only drives the turntable to rotate; powder is prevented from entering the second barrel body and being adhered to the first baffle plate along with the rotation of the second barrel body; after the first barrel body recovers the horizontal state, the fifth connecting spring pushes the second balancing weight to be inserted into the second transmission groove, and the motor can drive the second barrel body and the rotating disc to rotate together when working, so that powder is mixed.
The manufacturing equipment of the co-extrusion wood-plastic composite material is a conical double-screw extruder, and a screw structure feeding area 10 of the conical double-screw extruder contains an engaging block and a first air exhaust hole 20; the screw plasticizing zone 30 contains a meshing block and a second suction hole 40.
If the raw materials are directly mixed and added into a conical double-screw extruder to be difficult to form, the water content in the plant fiber is too high, and the extruded product has a plurality of bubbles and cannot be extruded to form the product; secondly, the plasticizing of the conical double-screw extruder is poor, the plant fiber cannot be uniformly coated by the plastic, the water absorption and freeze thawing resistance are easy to realize, and the product quality is unqualified; according to the invention, a conical double-screw extruder is improved, a screw structure in a feeding zone is designed according to a parallel double-screw extruder, powder is used, the plasticizing effect is improved, vacuum air extraction is carried out after the feeding zone, water vapor is extracted away from a part of the feeding zone, then a section of plasticizing zone is designed, the raw materials are further plasticized, a part of water vapor is extracted away in vacuum, and finally the screw structure design is consistent with that of the existing conical double-screw extruder, so that the method is suitable for extrusion molding.
The discharge port at the bottom of the third barrel body can be directly communicated with the feed port of the conical double-screw extruder, and the mixed powder is directly fed into the conical double-screw extruder, so that the production of the co-extrusion wood-plastic composite material is continuously carried out, and the production efficiency of the co-extrusion wood-plastic composite material is improved.
The drawings in the present application are only schematic and the specific dimensions thereof are subject to practical implementation.

Claims (10)

1. A one-step method for preparing a co-extruded wood-plastic composite material is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: putting plant fiber powder, polyethylene powder, maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene powder, lubricant powder and antioxidant powder into mixing equipment, uniformly mixing, and adding the mixture into co-extrusion wood-plastic composite material manufacturing equipment to extrude a core layer; adding the surface material into a single-screw extruder; extruding and molding through a die; mixing apparatus includes first staving (1), second staving (2) and third staving (3), second staving (2) both ends are equipped with first link (21) respectively, first staving (1) with be equipped with respectively on third staving (3) with first link (21) matched with first connecting slot, be equipped with on first staving (1) and be used for the drive second staving (2) pivoted motor (142), be equipped with (mixing) shaft (15) in first staving (1), be equipped with first connecting block (11) on first staving (1) lateral wall, swing joint has first bracing piece (111) on first connecting block (11), be equipped with second connecting block (31) on third staving (3) lateral wall, swing joint has second bracing piece (311) on second connecting block (31), first bracing piece (111) below is equipped with and is used for promoting first bracing piece (111) up-moving pneumatic cylinder (41) (ii) a A feeding hole (12) is formed in the first barrel body (1), and a discharging hole is formed in the bottom of the third barrel body (3); the specific operations in the mixing device are as follows: plant fiber powder, plastic powder, maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene powder, lubricant powder and antioxidant powder are put into a first barrel body (1) from a feed inlet (12), a stirring shaft (15) rotates to stir the powder, the powder is positioned in the first barrel body (1) at the moment, after the powder is stirred for a specified time, a hydraulic cylinder (41) drives a first supporting rod (111) to move upwards, the first supporting rod (111) pushes the first barrel body (1) to move upwards, after one end of the first barrel body (1) is lifted, the first barrel body (1), a second barrel body (2) and a third barrel body (3) are in an inclined state, the powder in the first barrel body (1) is moved into the second barrel body (2), the hydraulic cylinder (41) drives one end of the first barrel body (1) to descend, the first barrel body (1), the second barrel body (2) and the third barrel body (3) are restored to a horizontal state, and a motor (142) drives the second barrel body (2) to rotate, second staving (2) rotate and drive the powder upset, continue to stir the powder, the powder stirring is accomplished the back, pneumatic cylinder (41) promote first bracing piece (111) upward movement once more, first staving (1), second staving (2) and third staving (3) slope once more, in the powder of second staving (2) entered into third staving (3), discharge from the discharge gate department as required is followed to powder in third staving (3), new powder continues to put into and stirs in first staving (1).
2. The one-step process for preparing the co-extruded wood-plastic composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: a first baffle (33) is arranged on the inner wall of the third barrel body (3), a first movable groove is arranged on the first baffle (33), a second baffle (331) is arranged in the first movable groove, a first connecting rod (34) is arranged on the side wall of the first baffle (33), a first movable cavity communicated with the first movable groove is arranged on the first connecting rod (34), a first balancing weight (341) is arranged in the first movable cavity, a first reset spring (342) is arranged at one end of the first balancing weight (341), a first connecting rope is arranged at the other end of the first balancing weight, and one end of the first connecting rope is fixedly connected to the second baffle (331); a second movable groove is formed in the inner wall of the first movable cavity, a first connecting spring (351) is arranged in the second movable groove, a first limiting block (35) is arranged at one end of the first connecting spring (351), and a first electromagnet is arranged in the second movable groove; after the powder is mixed in the first barrel body (1), the hydraulic cylinder (41) drives the first supporting rod (111) to move upwards, the first barrel body (1), the second barrel body (2) and the third barrel body (3) are turned to an inclined state, the second baffle (331) extends out of the first movable groove, the third barrel body (3) is sealed by the first baffle (33) and the second baffle (331), the powder falling out of the first barrel body (1) falls into the second barrel body (2), and after the second barrel body (2) is turned to a horizontal state, the second barrel body (2) rotates to continue to mix the powder; after the powder mixes in second staving (2) and accomplishes, pneumatic cylinder (41) promote first bracing piece (111) up motion once more, first electro-magnet circular telegram inhales first stopper (35) in the second activity inslot, first balancing weight (341) move toward first activity chamber one end after third staving (3) slope, first connecting rope pulling second baffle (331) move toward first activity inslot, second baffle (331) enter into first activity inslot and open third staving (3), powder in the second staving (2) enters into and temporarily has in third staving (3), continue to add the powder in being less than the staving after first staving (1) resume the level, realize the continuous preparation of mixed powder.
3. The one-step process for preparing the co-extruded wood-plastic composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: a third movable groove is formed in the inner wall of the first barrel body (1), a rotary table (16) is arranged in the third movable groove, a second connecting groove is formed in the rotary table (16), a first connecting shaft (152) matched with the second connecting groove is arranged on the stirring shaft (15), and a plurality of stirring rods (151) are arranged on the stirring shaft (15); the stirring shaft (15) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the first barrel body (1); the motor (142) is a double-head motor, a first connecting plate (13) is arranged at the top of the first barrel body (1), a first transmission cavity communicated with the third movable groove is formed in the first connecting plate (13), a first transmission wheel is arranged in the first transmission cavity, and the first transmission wheel is arranged on one output shaft of the motor (142); a second driving wheel (165) is arranged on the turntable (16), and the first driving wheel is connected with the second driving wheel (165) through a synchronous belt; after the powder is placed into the first through body, the motor (142) drives the first driving wheel to rotate, the first driving wheel drives the second driving wheel (165) to rotate, the first connecting shaft (152) is inserted into the second connecting groove, the turntable (16) drives the stirring shaft (15) to rotate, the stirring rod (151) stirs the powder, and the powder mixing step is completed.
4. The one-step process for preparing the co-extruded wood-plastic composite material according to claim 3, wherein the one-step process comprises the following steps: a first through groove is formed in the inner wall of the second connecting groove, a fixing rod (161) penetrates through the first through groove, a first sliding block (1611) is arranged on the fixing rod (161), a first sliding groove matched with the first sliding block (1611) is formed in the inner wall of the first through groove, a second connecting plate (162) is movably connected to the inner wall of the first sliding groove, a third connecting plate (163) is movably connected to one end of the second connecting plate (162), and a second reset spring (164) is further arranged on the inner wall of the first sliding groove; a second through groove is formed in the side wall of the first sliding groove, a first push plate (166) penetrates through the second through groove, a second push plate (1661) is arranged at one end of the first push plate (166), a second sliding block (1662) is arranged on the first push plate (166), a second sliding groove matched with the second sliding block (1662) is formed in the inner wall of the second through groove, and a third reset spring (1663) is arranged on the second sliding block (1662); the inner wall of the third movable groove is provided with a vibration component matched with the fixed rod (161); when powder is put into the first barrel body (1), the fixing rod (161) is abutted against the side wall of the first connecting shaft (152), the turntable (16) rotates to drive the stirring shaft (15) to rotate, and the stirring rod (151) mixes the powder; after the powder in the first barrel body (1) is mixed, the hydraulic cylinder (41) drives the first supporting rod (111) to move upwards, the first barrel body (1) is turned to an inclined state, the first push plate (166) drives the second push plate (1661) to move towards the first sliding groove, the second push plate (1661) pushes the second connecting plate (162) and the third connecting plate (163) to rotate, the second connecting plate (162) and the third connecting plate (163) push the fixing rod (161) to extend out of the second connecting groove, the fixing rod (161) is matched with the vibrating component when the turntable (16) drives the fixing rod (161) to rotate, and the stirring shaft (15) is in a static state, vibration is generated on the first barrel body (1), powder on the first barrel body (1) falls into the second barrel body (2) under the vibration of the first barrel body (1), and the powder enters the second barrel body (2) to continue mixing operation.
5. The one-step process for preparing the co-extruded wood-plastic composite material according to claim 4, wherein the one-step process comprises the following steps: a fourth movable groove is formed in the inner wall of the third movable groove, the vibration assembly comprises a first movable block (17) arranged in the fourth movable groove, an eighth reset spring (171) arranged on the side wall of the movable block and a first push block (172) arranged on the first movable block (17), a fifth movable groove is formed in the first movable block (17), the first push block (172) is arranged in the fifth movable groove, a third slide block is arranged on the side wall of the first push block (172), a third slide groove matched with the third slide block is formed in the inner wall of the fifth movable groove, and a fourth reset spring is arranged on the third slide block; a movable rod (173) is arranged in the fifth movable groove, a fourth sliding groove matched with the movable rod (173) is formed in the side wall of the fifth movable groove, a fifth sliding groove matched with the movable rod (173) is formed in the inner wall of the fourth movable groove, a second connecting rope is arranged on the movable rod (173), and one end of the second connecting rope is fixedly connected to the first push block (172); after a hydraulic cylinder (41) drives a first supporting rod (111) to move upwards, a first barrel body (1) rotates to an inclined state, a first push plate (166) drives a second push plate (1661) to move, a second connecting plate (162) and a third connecting plate (163) push a fixed rod (161) to extend out of a first through groove, when a turntable (16) drives the fixed rod (161) to rotate, the fixed rod (161) pushes a first push block (172) to move, the first push block (172) drives a first movable block (17) to move in a fourth movable groove, a third slider moves in a fifth sliding groove, after the third slider moves to one end of the fifth sliding groove, the first movable block (17) moves relative to the movable rod (173), a second connecting rope pulls the first push block (172) to enter the fifth movable groove, the fixed rod (161) passes through the bottom of the first push block (172), and an eighth reset spring (171) pushes the first movable block (17) to move back, the first movable block (17) impacts on the inner wall of the fourth movable groove, the first barrel body (1) vibrates, and powder in the first barrel body (1) is poured into the second barrel body (2).
6. The one-step process for preparing the co-extruded wood-plastic composite material according to claim 5, wherein the one-step process comprises the following steps: a sixth movable groove is formed in the inner wall of the third movable groove, a second connecting spring (181) and a second electromagnet are arranged in the sixth movable groove, a third push plate (18) is arranged at one end of the second connecting spring (181), the third push plate (18) is of an annular structure, a first groove matched with the third push plate (18) is formed in the rotary disc (16), and the first push plate (166) penetrates through the first groove; a first transmission cavity is formed in the top of the sixth movable groove, a seventh movable groove communicated with the first transmission cavity is formed in the side wall of the third movable groove, a second connecting ring (183) is arranged in the seventh movable groove, a friction block (184) is arranged on the second connecting ring (183), and a second connecting rod (182) connected with the second connecting ring (183) is arranged on the third push plate (18); after the first barrel body (1) rotates to an inclined state, the second electromagnet is electrified to push the third push plate (18) to move towards the outer side of the sixth movable groove, the third push plate (18) pushes the first push plate (166) to move, and the fixed rod (161) extends out of the first through groove to be in contact with the first push block (172); when the third push plate (18) moves, the second connecting ring (183) is driven to move together, the friction block (184) moves along with the second connecting ring (183) and abuts against the stirring shaft (15), the stirring shaft (15) is fixed at the current position, the rotary disc (16) rotates relative to the stirring shaft (15), and vibration is generated on the first barrel body (1).
7. The one-step process for preparing the co-extruded wood-plastic composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: a base (4) is arranged on one side of the first barrel body (1), the first supporting rod (111) is arranged on the base (4), a mounting groove is formed in the base (4), the hydraulic cylinder (41) is arranged in the mounting groove, a third connecting rod (42) is arranged on the base (4), a second movable cavity matched with the third connecting rod (42) is formed in the first supporting rod (111), a plurality of eighth movable grooves are formed in the third connecting rod (42), a third connecting spring (422) is arranged in each eighth movable groove, a second limiting block (421) is arranged at one end of each third connecting spring (422), an inclined surface is arranged at the top of each second limiting block (421), and an arc surface is arranged at the bottom of each second limiting block; a ninth movable groove is formed in the inner wall of the second movable cavity, a tenth movable groove is formed in the top of the ninth movable groove, a second movable block (112) penetrates through the tenth movable groove, a fourth connecting rod (114) is arranged on the side wall of the second movable block (112), and the fourth connecting rod (114) penetrates out of the ninth movable groove; a fifth return spring (113) is arranged on the second movable block (112), and a fifth connecting rod is arranged at the top of the tenth movable groove; after the powder is mixed in the first barrel body (1), the hydraulic cylinder (41) drives the first supporting rod (111) to move upwards, the first supporting rod (111) moves upwards relative to the third connecting rod (42), the fourth connecting rod (114) is contacted with the bottom of the second limiting block (421) when moving along with the first supporting rod (111), the fourth connecting rod (114) moves downwards relative to the first supporting rod (111), the fourth connecting rod (114) moves to the bottom of the ninth movable groove, the fourth connecting rod (114) pushes the second limiting block (421) to move towards the eighth movable groove, after the second limiting block (421) enters the eighth movable groove, the fourth connecting rod (114) passes through the second limiting block (421), the fifth reset spring (113) pulls the second movable block (112) to move back, the second movable block (112) impacts on the fifth connecting rod, the vibration generated on the fifth connecting rod is transmitted to the first barrel body (1), the powder in the first barrel body (1) falls into the second barrel body (2); when the hydraulic cylinder (41) drives the first connecting rod (34) to move downwards, the fourth connecting rod (114) abuts against the top of the second limiting block (421), the second limiting block (421) is directly pushed into the eighth movable groove, and the first supporting rod (111) normally descends.
8. The one-step process for preparing the co-extruded wood-plastic composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: a connecting box (36) is arranged at the bottom of the third barrel body (3), the discharge port is formed in the bottom of the connecting box (36), a material guide plate (37) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the connecting box (36), a third support rod is further arranged in the connecting box (36), and the third support rod is arranged at the bottom of the material guide plate (37); an eleventh movable groove is formed in the bottom of the material guide plate (37), a twelfth movable groove is formed in the side wall of the eleventh movable groove, a third movable cavity is formed in the side wall of the twelfth movable groove, a third movable block (375) is arranged in the third movable cavity, a sixth reset spring (376) is arranged on the third movable block (375), and a sixth connecting rod (378) is arranged on the inner wall of the third movable cavity; a second push block (371) is arranged in the eleventh movable groove, a fourth connecting spring (372) is arranged on the second push block (371), a fourth connecting plate (373) is movably connected to the second push block (371), a fourth push plate (374) is arranged at one end of the fourth connecting plate (373), and the fourth push plate (374) penetrates through the twelfth movable groove; a rotating roller (39) is arranged in the connecting box (36), and a bump (391) is arranged on the rotating roller (39); after the powder enters the third barrel body (3), the rotating roller (39) rotates to drive the lug (391) to rotate, when the lug (391) can not push the material guide plate (37) to move, the lug (391) pushes the second retreating block to move towards the eleventh movable groove, the second pushing block (371) pushes the fourth connecting plate (373) to rotate, the fourth connecting plate (373) pushes the fourth pushing plate (374) to move towards the third movable cavity, the fourth pushing plate (374) pushes the third movable block (375) to move, and after the lug (391) moves away from the bottom of the second pushing block (371), the second pushing block (371) extends out of the eleventh movable groove, the sixth return spring (376) pulls the third movable block (375) to move, the third movable block (375) impacts a sixth connecting rod (378), vibration on the sixth connecting rod (378) is transmitted to the material guide plate (37), and powder on the material guide plate (37) is discharged from the discharge port after being shaken down; when the lug (391) rotates, one end of the material guide plate (37) can be directly pushed to rise, and then one end of the material guide plate (37) falls on the third support rod after rising, so that vibration is generated on the material guide plate (37), and powder on the material guide plate (37) is discharged from the material guide plate (37).
9. The one-step process for preparing the co-extruded wood-plastic composite material according to claim 8, wherein the one-step process comprises the following steps: a third connecting block (32) is arranged at the top of the third barrel body (3), a seventh connecting rod is arranged on the side wall of the connecting box (36), and one end of the seventh connecting rod is fixedly connected to the third connecting block (32); a third driving wheel (143) is arranged on the other vegetable output shaft of the motor (142), a thirteenth movable groove is arranged on the third connecting block (32), a transmission shaft (321) is arranged in the thirteenth movable groove, a first transmission groove matched with the transmission shaft (321) is arranged on the third driving wheel (143), a fourteenth movable groove is arranged on the side wall of the thirteenth movable groove, a connecting disc (322) is arranged in the fourteenth movable groove, a seventh reset spring (323) is arranged on the connecting disc (322), the transmission shaft (321) is rotatably connected to the connecting disc (322), a second transmission cavity is further arranged on the side wall of the thirteenth movable groove, a fourth driving wheel (320) is arranged in the second transmission cavity, the fourth driving wheel (320) and the transmission shaft (321) form transmission fit through a first transmission belt, and a third transmission cavity communicated with the second transmission cavity is arranged on the seventh connecting rod, a fifth driving wheel (330) is arranged in the third driving cavity, second connecting shafts are respectively arranged at two ends of the rotating roller (39), the fifth driving wheel (330) and the second connecting shafts form driving fit through a second driving belt, and a sixth driving wheel (3201) matched with the fifth driving wheel (330) is arranged on the fourth driving wheel (320); a fifth connecting plate (324) is arranged on the third connecting block (32), an eighth connecting rod (3221) is arranged on the connecting disc (322), a first connecting cavity is arranged on the fifth connecting plate (324), a third connecting rope is arranged on the eighth connecting rod (3221), a ninth connecting rod (411) is arranged on a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (41), a second groove matched with the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (41) is arranged at the bottom of the first supporting rod (111), and one end of the third connecting rope is fixedly connected to the ninth connecting rod (411); after the third barrel body (3) rotates to a horizontal position, the first supporting rod (111) is positioned on the base (4), the hydraulic cylinder (41) drives the ninth connecting rod (411) to move downwards, the ninth connecting rod (411) drives the third connecting rope to move downwards, the third connecting rope pulls the eighth connecting rod (3221) to move, the connecting disc (322) drives the transmission shaft (321) to move, the transmission shaft (321) is inserted into the first transmission groove and forms transmission fit with the third transmission wheel (143), the motor (142) drives the third transmission wheel (143) to rotate, the transmission shaft (321) drives the rotating roller (39) to rotate, the bump (391) is in contact with the second push block (371) to generate vibration on the material guide plate (37), and powder on the material guide plate (37) is discharged; when the hydraulic cylinder (41) drives the first supporting rod (111) to move upwards, the third connecting rope is in a loose state, the seventh return spring (323) pushes the connecting disc (322) to move, the transmission shaft (321) is separated from the first transmission groove, and the material guide plate (37) is in a static state.
10. A manufacturing apparatus of co-extruded wood-plastic composite material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: the manufacturing equipment of the co-extrusion wood-plastic composite material is a conical double-screw extruder, and a screw structure feeding area (10) of the conical double-screw extruder is provided with a plurality of groups of meshing blocks and a first vacuum pumping hole (20); the screw plasticizing area (30) is provided with a plurality of groups of meshing blocks and second vacuum pumping holes (40).
CN202110924153.5A 2021-08-12 2021-08-12 Process and equipment for preparing co-extrusion wood-plastic composite material by one-step method Active CN113681851B (en)

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CN116852678B (en) * 2023-07-21 2024-02-23 江苏德罡电力科技有限公司 Forced feeder for MPP pipe mixed material and feeding method thereof

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