CN113676262B - Signal remote transmission phase stabilization system based on injection locking photoelectric oscillator - Google Patents
Signal remote transmission phase stabilization system based on injection locking photoelectric oscillator Download PDFInfo
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- CN113676262B CN113676262B CN202110794202.8A CN202110794202A CN113676262B CN 113676262 B CN113676262 B CN 113676262B CN 202110794202 A CN202110794202 A CN 202110794202A CN 113676262 B CN113676262 B CN 113676262B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/60—Receivers
- H04B10/61—Coherent receivers
- H04B10/616—Details of the electronic signal processing in coherent optical receivers
- H04B10/6163—Compensation of non-linear effects in the fiber optic link, e.g. self-phase modulation [SPM], cross-phase modulation [XPM], four wave mixing [FWM]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/60—Receivers
- H04B10/61—Coherent receivers
- H04B10/616—Details of the electronic signal processing in coherent optical receivers
- H04B10/6165—Estimation of the phase of the received optical signal, phase error estimation or phase error correction
Abstract
The invention discloses a signal remote transmission phase stabilization system based on an injection locking photoelectric oscillator, which is based on a passive compensation principle and an injection locking photoelectric oscillator OEO microwave signal generation technology and provides a local oscillator microwave signal remote phase stabilization transmission implementation scheme with high frequency stability and low phase noise. On one hand, compared with a phase-stable transmission technology using an active compensation method, the scheme can be suitable for microwave signal transmission with higher frequency band, larger bandwidth and better phase noise level. Conventional active compensation schemes have the disadvantages of electrical devices limiting the bandwidth of the frequency band and introducing electrothermal noise. On the other hand, the general passive compensation scheme has the problems of high phase noise level and the like, so that the short-term stability of the signal transmitted to the far end is limited. The invention can make the microwave signal stable phase transmission more widely applied and make up the defect of the traditional scheme on phase noise.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention provides a signal remote transmission phase stabilization system based on an injection locking photoelectric oscillator, and relates to the field of microwave photonics microwave signal phase stabilization transmission research.
The background art comprises the following steps:
nowadays, high-stability local oscillator signal transmission on optical fibers is of great significance to various applications, such as remote clock synchronization and comparison, radio astronomy, distributed coherent aperture radar, and the like. However, the transmission delay of the optical fiber is affected by the ambient temperature disturbance and pressure variation, so that the phase stability of the transmitted local oscillator microwave signal will be significantly reduced at the remote site. As the frequency and stability requirements of users for signal transmission are increasing, the phase noise level and frequency of the conventional transmission structure have not been able to meet the requirements, and thus a transmission scheme based on the phase compensation principle is proposed and used. At present, the phase stabilization transmission of microwave signals mainly comprises two phase stabilization means based on round trip delay calibration, namely active compensation and passive compensation. As shown in fig. 1 (a).
In the active compensation structure, a signal at a local end passes through a phase compensation device 101, reaches a far end 103 through transmission of a long optical fiber 102, reversely transmits the received signal at the far end, performs phase detection 104 with the signal at the local end, extracts phase jitter information introduced by a link, and finally performs real-time compensation on the phase compensation device through a compensation algorithm to counteract phase jitter, so as to achieve the purpose of phase-stable transmission. However, the range of active compensation is limited by the bandwidth of the compensating electrical device, and additional noise is introduced into the electrical device, so that the noise level of the whole system is increased and the stability of the system is affected.
On the other hand, the phase-stabilizing transmission method based on the passive compensation technology breaks through the limitation of the bandwidth of the compensation signal and has a simpler structure. The principle of passive compensation is shown in fig. 1 (b).
In the configuration of fig. 1(b), the continuous light source 108 enters the intensity modulator 109 directly for rf signal modulation, and is transmitted to the remote receiver 112 via the long optical fiber 111, and then transmitted back to the local circulator 110. The microwave signal obtained by the beat frequency of the photodetector 107 and the local oscillator signal after passing through the frequency tripler 105 are input into the mixer 106 together to obtain a phase conjugate signal. Then the signal is modulated onto an optical carrier and transmitted to a far end through a long optical fiber, and finally a phase-jitter-free signal is obtained through a photoelectric detector 113 and a frequency divider 114. Because a new signal is not needed to be generated, the phase conjugate inversion is carried out to eliminate the far-end phase jitter, thereby improving the compensation range of the system. However, as the transmission distance (the length of the optical fiber) is increased, frequency drift caused by slow change of the optical fiber during transmission may be accumulated and cannot be compensated in time, and phase noise in the local oscillation signal generation process is difficult to suppress and further superimposed on the phase noise spectrum of the far-end signal, so that short-term stability of the system is affected during frequency mixing compensation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a signal remote transmission phase stabilization system based on an injection locking photoelectric oscillator, which is shown in figure 2.
In the system scheme shown in fig. 2, the system mainly consists of two parts, namely a local station and a remote station, wherein the local station comprises a main body part, an injection locking part and a phase conjugation part of an OEO loop; the remote station includes a mixer filter section. The optical fiber connected between the local and remote stations includes two lengths of single mode optical fiber 216 and 217, the fiber loop also acting as a resonant cavity for the opto-electronic oscillator. The OEO oscillation signal detects the phase delay variation of the long fiber loop and is sent to the mixer 208, mixed with the local reference microwave signal after passing through the frequency multiplier 210, and then frequency-selected through the band-pass filter 209 to generate a phase conjugate signal. The phase conjugate signal is modulated onto the optical carrier generated by the continuous optical source 201 via the electro-optic modulator 202, enters the circulator 203, is transmitted back to the remote station, and is mixed with the forward transmission signal, which can automatically cancel the fiber-induced phase fluctuation.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a high frequency stability optoelectronic oscillator, comprising:
in the signal remote transmission phase-stabilizing system structure based on the injection locking photoelectric oscillator, a local reference microwave signal and an OEO oscillation signal are coupled and injected into the electro-optical modulator 215 together in an injection locking mode, so that an effect of mode locking is achieved on OEO multi-mode oscillation, and the OEO multi-mode oscillation can be stably oscillated in a single mode. Also to further ensure that the injection locking is not lost, the microwave loop part of the OEO oscillator needs to incorporate a voltage controlled phase shifter (VCP)213 before entering the electro-optical modulator to adjust the oscillation frequency by controlling the VCP, while the tunable OEO acts as a Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) driven by the phase error signal between the OEO oscillation signal and the local reference microwave signal. And a phase-locked loop system consisting of the phase detector 211, the low-pass filter 212 and the VCO can help to lock the local reference signal and the OEO oscillation signal, so that the long-term stability of the system is greatly improved.
According to one aspect of the present invention, a passive compensation scheme with low phase noise is provided. It is characterized by comprising:
in the signal remote transmission phase stabilization system structure based on the injection locking photoelectric oscillator, a long optical fiber in an OEO loop is used as a remote transmission means, and the long optical fiber is used as an energy storage cavity with a high quality factor, so that the oscillating signal with low phase noise can be generated, and a local signal can be transmitted to a far end, so that the short-term stability of the system is improved.
In the optical path portion of the OEO, the output light of the laser diode 214 passes through the electro-optic modulator, the fiber loop and is detected by the photodetector 204; the oscillation signal generated by the circuit portion is amplified by an amplifier 205, filtered by a band-pass filter 206 and amplified by an electric amplifier 207. The oscillation signal generated by the OEO can be expressed as
Wherein omega oeo ＝2πf oeo Is the frequency of the oscillations of the oscillator,
and
respectively the initial phase and the phase offset introduced by the fiber loop. The local reference microwave signal is represented as
Wherein ω is LO Is the frequency of the angle (or angular frequency),
is the initial phase.
When the local reference signal and the OEO oscillation signal are locked, their frequencies are equal, and the phase difference is constant. The remote station takes part of the forward transmitted signal through coupler 218 and detects it by detector 219 and filters out spurious components, represented by spurious components, by bandpass filter 221
Wherein
Is the phase jitter introduced by the single mode fiber 217.
The system passive compensation uses a two-stage mixing method, in which a mixer 208 mixes a frequency-multiplied local reference signal with an oscillation signal to generate a phase conjugate signal, denoted as
The phase conjugate signal is then transmitted back along single mode fiber 216 to the far end and is detected by detector 220 and filtered by bandpass filter 222, shown as
Wherein
Is the phase jitter introduced by the single mode fiber 216 and is preserved in the case of slow fiber delay variations
The forward and backward signals are then passed through a mixer 223 and a frequency divider 224 to obtain a signal of
As can be seen from the formula, a signal that cancels the phase jitter and retains the initial phase is finally obtained at the far end.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
the invention mainly aims at the defects of active compensation stable phase transmission bandwidth limitation and noise deterioration, passive compensation stable phase transmission phase noise and the like. On the basis of a passive compensation technology, the method for transmitting the microwave signal in the stable phase mode with low phase noise and high stability by utilizing the signal remote transmission phase-stabilizing system based on the injection locking photoelectric oscillator is firstly proposed. The scheme can eliminate phase drift caused by optical fiber transmission, can remove phase noise of a far-end receiving signal, has the advantages of large bandwidth, wide compensation range, low phase noise and the like compared with an active compensation method, and has the advantages of higher stability, lower phase noise and the like compared with a passive compensation method. The microwave signal stable-phase transmission can be widely applied, and the defects of the traditional scheme on phase noise are overcome.
Drawings
Fig. 1(a) is a basic block diagram of an active compensation technique.
Fig. 1(b) is a basic block diagram of the passive compensation technique.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a long-distance phase-stabilized system for signal transmission based on injection-locked OEO.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an example of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a phase noise contrast of free running OEO, passively compensated OEO, and injection locked passively compensated OEO.
Fig. 5 is a phase fluctuation comparison of free-running OEO, passive compensation, and injection-locked passive compensation OEO.
Figure 6 is a comparison of the allen variances of free-running OEO, passive compensation and injection-locked passive compensation OEO.
The numbers in the figures illustrate the following:
a continuous light source 201, an electro-optic modulator 202, a circulator 203, a photodetector 204, an amplifier 205, a band-pass filter 206, a point amplifier 207, a mixer 208, a band-pass filter 209, a frequency multiplier 210, a phase detector 211, a low-pass filter 212, a voltage-controlled phase shifter (VCP)213, a laser 214, an electro-optic modulator 215, single- mode fibers 216, 217, a coupler 218, a detector 219, a detector 220, a band-pass filter 221, a band-pass filter 222, a mixer 223, and a frequency divider 224;
Detailed Description
The invention provides a signal remote transmission phase stabilization system based on an injection locking photoelectric oscillator, which is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a signal remote transmission phase stabilization system based on an injection locking photoelectric oscillator, which has a circuit structure shown in figure 3 and comprises:
the invention is based on the consideration that: in a signal remote transmission phase stabilization system based on an injection locking photoelectric oscillator, the phase jitter of an optical fiber loop is detected through an OEO oscillation signal, and the phase jitter is mixed with a local reference microwave signal to obtain a phase conjugate signal. The backward transmission is carried out back to the far end to carry out frequency mixing with the received forward transmission signal, thereby effectively offsetting the phase jitter introduced by the optical fiber, simultaneously using the long optical fiber to improve the quality of the transmitted local signal and reduce the phase noise level of the far-end output signal. The stray component of the OEO loop is suppressed locally by using a phase-locking and injection locking mode, single-mode oscillation is realized, and the long-term stability of the system is further improved.
Example (c):
an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 3. The method is exemplarily applied to the most basic signal remote transmission phase stabilization system structure based on the injection locking photoelectric oscillator, and experimental comparison tests are carried out on the free-running OEO, the passive compensation scheme and the passive compensation scheme based on the injection locking OEO. Specific embodiments of the examples are as follows: the OEO loop body for generating the local oscillation signal is composed of a continuous light source 314, an intensity modulator 315, long optical fibers 316 and 317, a circulator 303, a photoelectric detector 304, an electric amplifier 305 and a band-pass filter 306; the local reference microwave source is divided into three paths, one path of signal is subjected to frequency multiplication by a frequency multiplier 310 and then enters a mixer 308 together with an OEO loop oscillation signal to be mixed to obtain a phase conjugate signal, the phase conjugate signal is modulated onto an optical carrier generated by the continuous light source 301 through an amplifier 309 and then through a modulator 302 and then is transmitted to a far end along an optical fiber 316 in a reverse direction; one path of signal is injected into a phase detector 311, a PID operation module 312 and a voltage-controlled phase shifter 313 form phase-locked OEO, an OEO oscillation signal is transmitted to a far end along an optical fiber 317 in a forward direction, and enters a mixer 325 after passing through a photoelectric detector 319, 320, an amplifier 321, 322 and a band-pass filter 323, 324 respectively together with a backward signal through an optical coupler 318 to obtain a frequency-doubled non-phase-jittered signal; one signal is input to a spectrum analyzer 327 and a frequency counter 328 together with the signal of the far end after frequency division by a frequency divider 326, to measure and evaluate the frequency distribution performance.
First, a phase noise spectrum was measured using 327, and the result is shown in FIG. 4. It can be seen that the phase noise level of the invention at 10kHz frequency offset is much lower than that of the traditional passive compensation scheme and free-running OEO, and the method has significantly improved short-term frequency stability compared with most microwave phase-stable transmission systems.
Next, the microwave transmission system was tested for phase drift on the fiber loop using 328, the results of which are shown in fig. 5. It can be seen that in the measurement time of 10000s, the free running OEO phase drift without using the passive compensation scheme is up to 540ps, while the phase drift of the passive compensation scheme is reduced to within 2.3ps, the invention can well limit the phase drift to within 0.42ps, and the system has lower phase jitter.
The allen square error was used to reflect the long-term stability of the transmission system, the result being shown in fig. 6. It can be seen that the frequency stability of the passive compensation scheme and injection-locked passive compensation OEO system is improved by two orders of magnitude over the free running OEO system within 10000s of measurement time. And in 1s measuring time, the short-term stability of the invention is improved by 2 times compared with passive compensation.
It should be understood that the description of the present invention in the foregoing description and description is intended to be illustrative rather than limiting and that various changes, modifications, and/or alterations to the embodiments described above may be made without departing from the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a signal remote transmission stationary phase system based on injection locking optoelectronic oscillator which characterized in that: the system consists of a local station and a remote station; the local station comprises a body portion, an injection locking portion and a phase conjugation portion of the OEO loop; the remote station includes a mixing filtering section; the optical fiber connected between the local station and the remote station comprises two sections of single-mode optical fibers, and an optical fiber loop is used as a resonant cavity of the photoelectric oscillator; detecting the phase delay change of the long optical fiber ring by the OEO oscillation signal, sending the phase delay change into a mixer, mixing the phase delay change with a signal of a local reference microwave signal after passing through a frequency multiplier, and then selecting the frequency by a band-pass filter to generate a phase conjugate signal; the phase conjugate signal is modulated onto an optical carrier generated by a continuous light source through an electro-optical modulator, enters a circulator, is reversely transmitted back to a remote station, and is mixed with a forward transmission signal, so that the phase fluctuation caused by an optical fiber can be automatically eliminated;
in a signal remote transmission phase stabilization system structure based on an injection locking photoelectric oscillator, a local reference microwave signal and an OEO oscillation signal are coupled and injected into an electro-optical modulator together in an injection locking mode, so that an OEO multi-mode oscillation is locked, and the OEO multi-mode oscillation can be stably oscillated in a single mode; meanwhile, in order to further ensure that injection locking is not lost, a voltage control phase shifter VCP is required to be added to a microwave loop part in the OEO oscillator before the microwave loop part enters the electro-optical modulator, the oscillation frequency is adjusted by controlling the VCP, and the tunable OEO is used as a voltage controlled oscillator VCO which is driven by a phase error signal between an OEO oscillation signal and a local reference microwave signal; a phase-locked loop system consisting of the phase discriminator, the low-pass filter and the VCO helps to lock a local reference signal and an OEO oscillation signal, so that the stability is improved;
in the signal remote transmission phase stabilization system structure based on the injection locking photoelectric oscillator, a long optical fiber in an OEO loop is used as a remote transmission means, and the long optical fiber is used as an energy storage cavity with a high quality factor, so that the oscillation signal with low phase noise can be generated, a local signal can be transmitted to a far end, and the short-term stability of the system is improved;
in the optical path part of the OEO, the output light of the laser diode passes through the electro-optical modulator and the optical fiber loop and is detected by the photoelectric detector; the oscillation signal generated by the circuit part is amplified by the amplifier, and is filtered by the band-pass filter and amplified by the electric amplifier; the oscillation signal generated by OEO is shown as
Wherein ω is oeo ＝2πf oeo Is the frequency of the oscillation of the oscillator,
and
respectively the initial phase and the phase offset introduced by the optical fiber loop; the local reference microwave signal is represented as
Wherein ω is LO Is the frequency of the angle (or angular frequency),
is the initial phase;
when the local reference signal and the OEO oscillation signal are locked, the frequencies of the local reference signal and the OEO oscillation signal are equal, and the phase difference is constant; the remote station obtains a portion of the forward transmitted signal through the coupler and rejects spurious components by detection by the detector and a bandpass filter, represented as
Wherein
Phase jitter introduced by a single mode fiber;
the system passive compensation uses a two-stage mixing method, and a mixer mixes a frequency-multiplied local reference signal with an oscillation signal to generate a phase conjugate signal represented as
The phase conjugate signal is then transmitted back along the single mode fiber to the far end and is detected by a detector and filtered by a bandpass filter, denoted as
Wherein
Is phase jitter introduced by a single mode fiber and is preserved in the case of slow fiber delay variations
The forward and backward signals are then passed through a mixer 223 and a frequency divider 224 to obtain a signal of
As can be seen from the formula, a signal that cancels the phase jitter and retains the initial phase is finally obtained at the far end.
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