CN113675616A - Independent complete regulation and control method for orthogonal circularly polarized electromagnetic waves - Google Patents
Independent complete regulation and control method for orthogonal circularly polarized electromagnetic waves Download PDFInfo
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- CN113675616A CN113675616A CN202110828628.0A CN202110828628A CN113675616A CN 113675616 A CN113675616 A CN 113675616A CN 202110828628 A CN202110828628 A CN 202110828628A CN 113675616 A CN113675616 A CN 113675616A
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- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
- H01Q15/242—Polarisation converters
- H01Q15/244—Polarisation converters converting a linear polarised wave into a circular polarised wave
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Abstract
The invention discloses an independent complete regulation and control method of orthogonal circularly polarized electromagnetic waves, which comprises the following steps: (1) designing a circular-linear polarized wave converter; (2) designing a reflection type linear polarized wave controller; (3) the circular-linear polarized wave converter and the reflection-type linear polarized wave controller are combined together, so that an independent regulation function is realized. The invention provides a method with clear and simple physical concept to realize independent and complete regulation and control of the amplitude and the phase of two orthogonal circularly polarized waves, and can integrate adjustable elements, thereby having a dynamic regulation and control function; the invention can be applied to independently carry out amplitude and phase modulation on orthogonal circularly polarized waves, and improves the communication efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to electromagnetic waves, in particular to an independent complete regulation and control method of orthogonal circularly polarized electromagnetic waves.
Background
Circularly polarized waves are a common polarization mode in wireless communications. When the relative position and direction of the transmitting and receiving antenna are changed, compared with linear polarized waves, the circularly polarized waves can ensure that the communication quality is not reduced. The circularly polarized wave is divided into two orthogonal polarization components of left-handed and right-handed. These two components constitute a complete basis and enable the synthesis of arbitrary electromagnetic wave polarizations. Therefore, at most, any control of these two components is possible. In communications, channel capacity can be fully exploited if arbitrary steering of the two orthogonal polarization components can be achieved.
However, it is not easy to realize independent and arbitrary control of two orthogonal circularly polarized waves, compared to independent control of orthogonal linearly polarized waves. When the artificial electromagnetic surface is used for independently regulating and controlling orthogonal linearly polarized electromagnetic waves, the structure or load design of the artificial electromagnetic surface unit in the orthogonal direction can independently change the response (generally embodied as reflection or transmission coefficient) of the unit to the corresponding linearly polarized electromagnetic waves. While the field component of the circularly polarized electromagnetic wave is rotating, a change in each portion of the artificial electromagnetic surface element may simultaneously change the element's response to left-hand and right-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic waves.
In the existing method, a chiral structure (i.e. no mirror symmetry plane exists) is generally adopted to realize independent response to electromagnetic waves with different rotation directions, independent regulation and control on incident orthogonal circularly polarized electromagnetic waves are obtained through simulation software optimization, and orthogonal circularly polarized waves with different reflection coefficients are realized, and such devices are generally called meta-mirror.
The problem with the prior art solutions is mainly the lack of effective design theory. The Meta-mirror design is often carried out by repeatedly optimizing the unit structure of the artificial electromagnetic surface by using electromagnetic simulation software under the guidance of the large direction of the chiral structure, and a strict design theory is lacked. If the orthogonal circularly polarized wave is to be subjected to random and independent amplitude and phase regulation, the design process is time-consuming and can be completed by repeated attempts. In addition, the existing meta-mirror device can not be integrated with adjustable elements such as a varactor and a diode to realize the dynamic real-time regulation and control of the orthogonal circularly polarized wave. This makes it impossible to realize a modulation function for electromagnetic waves, and limits its application in wireless communication.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide an independent complete regulation and control method of orthogonal circularly polarized electromagnetic waves, which can be applied to respectively and independently carrying out amplitude and phase modulation on two mutually orthogonal circularly polarized waves.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to an independent complete regulation and control method of orthogonal circularly polarized electromagnetic waves, which comprises the following steps:
(1) designing a circular-to-linear polarized wave converter capable of converting an incident circularly polarized wave into a transmitted linearly polarized wave or converting an incident linearly polarized wave into a transmitted circularly polarized wave;
(2) designing a reflection-type linear polarized wave controller, wherein the reflection-type linear polarized wave controller can reflect the incident linear polarized wave with a certain reflection coefficient;
(3) the circular-linear polarized wave converter and the reflection-type linear polarized wave controller are combined together, the circular-linear polarized wave converter is arranged in front, the reflection-type linear polarized wave controller is arranged behind, and therefore the independent regulation function is achieved.
The transmittance of the circular-linear polarized wave converter in the step (1) is close to 1, and the reflectivity is close to 0.
And (3) arranging a corresponding unit structure in the polarization direction of the reflection-type linear polarization wave controller in the step (2), and arranging a layer of metal at the bottom to prevent transmission.
When the circular-linear polarized wave converter and the reflection-type linear polarized wave controller are combined in step (3), the directions of the unit structures of the reflection-type linear polarized wave controller are adjusted so as to be consistent according to the polarization direction of the linear polarized wave transmitted from the circular-linear polarized wave converter.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: 1. the invention provides a method with clear and simple physical concept to realize independent and complete regulation and control of the amplitude and the phase of two orthogonal circularly polarized waves, and can integrate adjustable elements, thereby having a dynamic regulation and control function; 2. the invention can be applied to independently carry out amplitude and phase modulation on orthogonal circularly polarized waves, and improves the communication efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a circular-to-linear polarized wave converter;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a reflection-type linear polarization wave controller;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the independent reflected amplitudes and phases of the left-handed and right-handed incident waves around 5GHz (r)LL＝0.6e-iπ/4，rRR＝eiπ/4) Wherein graph (a) is a magnitude plotFIG. b is a schematic phase diagram;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the independent reflected amplitudes and phases of the left-handed and right-handed incident waves around 5GHz (r)LL＝0.3eiπ/2，rRR＝0.7e-iπ/6) Wherein graph (a) is a graph of amplitude and graph (b) is a graph of phase;
fig. 6 is a high transmittance circular-linear polarized wave converter unit;
fig. 7 is a reflection type linear polarization wave controller unit.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings.
The invention discloses an independent complete regulation and control method of orthogonal circularly polarized electromagnetic waves, which comprises the following steps:
(1) as shown in fig. 1, a circular-to-linear polarized wave converter is designed, which can convert an incident circularly polarized wave into a transmitted linearly polarized wave, or convert an incident linearly polarized wave into a transmitted circularly polarized wave; the circular-linear polarized wave converter establishes a conversion relationship between two orthogonal circularly polarized waves and two orthogonal linearly polarized waves, and has a transmittance close to 1 and a reflectance close to 0.
(2) As shown in fig. 2, a reflection-type linear polarized wave controller is designed, which can reflect an incident linear polarized wave with a certain reflection coefficient; the regulation and control of linear polarized waves are easy, the simplest method is to design a corresponding unit structure in the polarization direction, and specific parameters can be processed by utilizing an equivalent transmission line theory; because of the reflective type, a good metal plate needs to be added to the bottom to prevent transmission, which only requires that the termination be considered as a short circuit in transmission line theory.
(3) As shown in fig. 3, the circular-linear polarized wave converter and the reflection-type linear polarized wave controller are combined together, the circular-linear polarized wave converter is in front, the reflection-type linear polarized wave controller is in back, and the directions of the unit structures of the reflection-type linear polarized wave controller are adjusted according to the polarization direction of the linear polarized wave transmitted from the circular-linear polarized wave converter, so that they are consistent, thereby realizing an independent regulation function. The circular-linear polarized wave converter converts the incident orthogonal circularly polarized wave into a transmission orthogonal linear polarized wave; the reflection-type linear polarization wave controller independently regulates and controls the reflection coefficient of orthogonal linear polarization waves; the reflected linear polarized wave becomes circularly polarized wave after passing through the circular-linear polarization converter, but the amplitude and the phase position are regulated and controlled.
The invention can realize independent and complete control of the amplitude and the phase of the reflected circular polarized wave, is easy to integrate adjustable electronic elements and realizes dynamic regulation and common modulation of the amplitude and the phase. Two examples are given below showing simulation results obtained using the commercial simulation software HFSS. As shown in FIG. 4, rLL(rRR) The reflection coefficient of the left (right) rotation circular polarized wave when the left (right) rotation circular polarized wave is incident is shown; r isRL(rLR) The reflection coefficient of the left (right) hand circular polarized wave incident to the right (left) hand circular polarized wave is shown. At around the operating frequency of 5GHz (the dotted line indicates the operating center frequency), rRL＝rLR＝0，rLL＝0.6e-iπ/4，rRR＝eiπ/4That is, for left-handed circularly polarized wave incidence, the amplitude of the reflected wave is 0.6 times that of the incident wave, and the phase difference between the reflected wave and the incident wave is-pi/4; for right-hand circularly polarized wave incidence, the amplitude of the reflected wave remains unchanged, the phase differs by pi/4, and there is no cross-polarized component. The reflection coefficient in this example is arbitrarily given, and other reflection coefficients can be obtained by adjusting the structural parameters of the reflection type linear polarization wave controller. As shown in FIG. 5, a reflection coefficient of 0.7e is achieved for right-handed incident waves-iπ/6Realizing a reflection coefficient of 0.3e for the levorotatory incident waveiπ/2Again, there is no cross-polarization component.
In addition, the method converts the circular polarization into the linear polarization and then regulates and controls, and the linear polarization controller is easy to integrate adjustable elements, so that the method has the potential of further realizing the independent amplitude phase modulation of the orthogonal circular polarization.
A simple implementation example of the invention is given below.
The polarization conversion mode is adopted to realize independent regulation and control of orthogonal circularly polarized waves, and the circular-linear polarization wave converter needs to have high transmissivity, low reflectivity and pi/2 phase difference in the orthogonal polarization direction. As shown in fig. 6, the circular-linear polarized wave converter is implemented using a three-layer structure. In order to obtain the transmission reflection characteristics, the artificial electromagnetic surface is required to have proper surface electrical impedance and magnetic impedance. The electrical impedance may be implemented with a planar circuit structure and the magnetic impedance may be implemented with two layers of identical and mutually parallel electrical impedance surfaces. The required equivalent electrical impedance can be realized by inserting one electrical impedance surface between the two surfaces for realizing the magnetic impedance without changing the original equivalent magnetic impedance. The crossover circuit shown in fig. 6 is used to achieve different electrical impedance in two orthogonal directions. The black lines represent metal conductive lines and Z represents impedance, which can be implemented with lumped elements or metal structures.
The regulation and control of the linear polarized waves are easy, and the unit circuit structures can be designed according to the reflection coefficients to be realized in the polarization directions of the two converted linear polarized waves. The cells have anisotropic surface impedance and thus have a cross-structure as shown in fig. 7. Because the device is a reflection type device, the bottom part is a metal plate, and different reflection coefficients of orthogonal polarization components can be realized by adjusting the metal lead and the impedance of the top layer. As can be seen from the structural form of FIG. 7, Z1、Z2The dynamic independent regulation and control of the orthogonal linear polarized wave can be realized after the adjustable element is replaced, so that the dynamic independent regulation and control function of the circular polarized wave is finally realized. This is difficult to achieve with conventional methods (e.g. meta-mirrors).
Claims (4)
1. An independent complete regulation and control method of orthogonal circularly polarized electromagnetic waves is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) designing a circular-to-linear polarized wave converter capable of converting an incident circularly polarized wave into a transmitted linearly polarized wave or converting an incident linearly polarized wave into a transmitted circularly polarized wave;
(2) designing a reflection-type linear polarized wave controller, wherein the reflection-type linear polarized wave controller can reflect the incident linear polarized wave with a certain reflection coefficient;
(3) the circular-linear polarized wave converter and the reflection-type linear polarized wave controller are combined together, the circular-linear polarized wave converter is arranged in front, the reflection-type linear polarized wave controller is arranged behind, and therefore the independent regulation function is achieved.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the transmittance of the circular-to-linear polarized wave converter in step (1) is close to 1, the reflectance is close to 0, and the interconversion of the orthogonal circularly polarized wave and the orthogonal linearly polarized wave is achieved.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the orthogonal polarization direction of the reflection-type linear polarized wave controller is provided with a corresponding unit structure, and the bottom is provided with a layer of metal to prevent transmission, so that amplitude and phase of the orthogonal linear polarized wave can be independently adjusted.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, when the circular-to-linear polarized wave converter and the reflection-type linear polarized wave controller are combined in step (3), the orientation of the unit structure of the reflection-type linear polarized wave controller is adjusted according to the polarization direction of the linear polarized wave transmitted from the circular-to-linear polarized wave converter, so that the reflection-type linear polarized wave controller can independently control the orthogonal linear polarized wave.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0546601A1 (en) * | 1991-12-13 | 1993-06-16 | Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. | Planar antenna |
| US20100109960A1 (en) * | 2008-10-20 | 2010-05-06 | Guler Michael G | Antenna Polarization Control |
| CN108429015A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-08-21 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of super surface meniscus speculum that polarized state regulates and controls simultaneously with beam position |
| CN109786976A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-05-21 | 西安工业大学 | Based on multilayer FSS structure multifunctional circular polarisation switch array, wireless communication system |
| CN213093358U (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2021-04-30 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Circular polarization FP resonant cavity antenna |
-
2021
- 2021-07-22 CN CN202110828628.0A patent/CN113675616A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0546601A1 (en) * | 1991-12-13 | 1993-06-16 | Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. | Planar antenna |
| US20100109960A1 (en) * | 2008-10-20 | 2010-05-06 | Guler Michael G | Antenna Polarization Control |
| CN108429015A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-08-21 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of super surface meniscus speculum that polarized state regulates and controls simultaneously with beam position |
| CN109786976A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-05-21 | 西安工业大学 | Based on multilayer FSS structure multifunctional circular polarisation switch array, wireless communication system |
| CN213093358U (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2021-04-30 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Circular polarization FP resonant cavity antenna |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| LOURDES 等: "A Dual Circularly-Polarized Multilayer Reflective Surface Based on Loaded Ring Slots", 《IEEE ACCESS》 * |
| PARINAZ NASERI 等: "A Dual-Band Dual-Circularly Polarized Reflectarray for K/Ka-Band Space Applications", 《IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION》 * |
| 王泉等: "一种新型线-圆极化转换反射阵天线设计", 《电子技术应用》 * |
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Application publication date: 20211119 |