CN113673095B - Method for simulating wide-beam X-ray bremsstrahlung transmission factor - Google Patents
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000005461 Bremsstrahlung Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002083 X-ray spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000342 Monte Carlo simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- DQBHVPOZFIIAOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-(2-iodophenyl)ethyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound IC1=CC=CC=C1CCN1C(=O)C=CC1=O DQBHVPOZFIIAOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005865 ionizing radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for simulating a broad beam X-ray bremsstrahlung transmission factor, which comprises the following steps: step 1) establishing a model comprising a light source, an energy deposition detector and a lead shielding layer; step 2) emitting X-rays from the cone-beam light source, wherein the tube voltage is 120kV, and the number of simulated particles is 10 7; step 3) writing monochromatic wide-beam X-ray spectrum into an MCNP program, and calculating radiation transmission factors at different thicknesses in a batch simulation mode; and 4) comparing and verifying the radiation transmission factor simulation values of the monochromatic X-rays with different lead thicknesses with fitting values reported by NCRP No. 147, and correcting and optimizing the radiation transmission model by modifying the model shape, cone angle of cone beam, distance from a light source to a lead shielding layer and distance from an energy deposition detector to the lead shielding wall. The invention can reduce the thickness of the shielding material under the same shielding effect finally, and realize the optimization of radiation protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an ionizing radiation protection optimization technology, in particular to a method for simulating transmission factors of broad-beam X-ray bremsstrahlung primary radiation by a Monte Carlo method.
Background
The radiation transmission factor is the basis for calculating the lead equivalent of different shielding materials in medical diagnostic X-ray protection, and represents the attenuation capability of different lead equivalent thicknesses to X-ray radiation. The current calculation method is BIR/IPEM combination report and the fitting formula given by NCRP No. 147. However, in practical situations, the continuous spectrum bremsstrahlung radiation is emitted by the X-ray machine, that is, the X-ray is shielded to the same level, and the lead shielding layer calculated by the fitting formula is higher than the practical situation, so that it is necessary to effectively reduce the dose and save the thickness of shielding materials at the same time so as to achieve the radiation protection optimization.
MCNP (Monte Carlo N PARTICLE Transport Code) is a common procedure for solving the problem of particle Transport by Monte Carlo (MC) method, and can solve the Transport of neutrons, photons and electrons in materials formed by any three-dimensional space. The overall process is tracked throughout each particle emitted by the source, with the probability distribution determined by random sampling of the transport data at each step of the particle transport process.
In particular, the radiation transmission factor is the basis for calculating lead equivalent weights of different shielding materials in medical diagnostic X-ray shielding, and represents the attenuation capability of different lead equivalent thicknesses for X-ray radiation. In the existing calculation method, GBZ-2020 "radiation diagnosis and radiation protection requirement" recommends the use of fitting formulas for monochromatic X-ray attenuation in BIR/IPEM combined report and NCRP report for radiation transmission factor calculation. The fitting formula is as follows
Wherein B is the shielding transmission factor for a given lead thickness; x is the thickness of lead; alpha, beta, gamma are relevant fitting parameters for lead attenuation of X-ray radiation at different tube voltages.
However, the working principle of the X-ray machine is that electrons are emitted by a cathode filament, high-speed electron flow is formed under high pressure, X-rays generated by bombarding an anode target are continuous spectrum bremsstrahlung, and the photon energy range is not higher than the highest tube voltage. The higher the X-ray energy, the greater the lead equivalent of the required shielding, i.e. the same transmittance is achieved, the thicker lead shielding is required by the existing empirical formula than for actual bremsstrahlung shielding.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for simulating a broad beam X-ray bremsstrahlung transmission factor.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a method of modeling broad beam X-ray bremsstrahlung transmission factor comprising:
step 1) establishing a model comprising a light source, an energy deposition detector and a lead shielding layer;
The light source is a cone beam light source, a lead shielding layer is arranged at a position 100cm away from the light source, and 2 energy deposition detectors are arranged at positions 30cm away from two sides of the lead shielding layer;
the cone beam light source emits X rays, the X rays collide with the lead shielding layer and scatter, energy is deposited in the energy deposition detector, and the ratio of the deposition energy of the energy deposition detector after shielding to that of the energy deposition detector before shielding is the radiation transmission factor of the radiation transmission factor;
Step 2) emitting X-rays from the cone-beam light source, wherein the tube voltage is 120kV, and the number of simulated particles is 10 7;
Step 3) writing single-color wide-beam X-ray spectrum into an MCNP program, and calculating radiation transmission factors at different thicknesses in a batch simulation mode, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
Simulating and calculating the deposition energy of photons and electrons in the detector in the transport process, carrying out average energy deposition simulation calculation, and calculating the simulation value of the radiation transmission factor according to the average energy deposition simulation calculation;
and 4) comparing and verifying the radiation transmission factor simulation values of the monochromatic X-rays with different lead thicknesses with fitting values reported by NCRP No. 147, and modifying the model shape, cone angle of cone beam, distance from a light source to a lead shielding layer and distance from an energy deposition detector to the lead shielding wall to modify and optimize the radiation transmission model so as to enable the simulation values of the monochromatic X-rays to be consistent with the fitting value radiation field conditions.
After the scheme is adopted, the radiation transmission factor of the medical X-ray bremsstrahlung spectrum is mainly simulated based on Monte Carlo, and the thickness of a shielding material is reduced and radiation protection optimization is realized under the aim of realizing the same effective dose reduction, namely equivalent shielding effect.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims thereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings, so that the above advantages of the present invention will be more apparent. Wherein,
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of modeling broad beam X-ray bremsstrahlung transmission factor of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a simulation model of the invention simulating a broad beam X-ray bremsstrahlung transmission factor;
FIG. 3 is a simulation diagram of an MCNP procedure of the present invention simulating a broad beam X-ray bremsstrahlung transmission factor;
FIG. 4 is a graph of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention simulating a broad beam X-ray bremsstrahlung transmission factor for 120kV broad beam X-ray radiation transmission factor verification optimization contrast;
Wherein, 1-cone beam light source, 2-energy deposition detector (dry air), 3-energy deposition detector, 4-lead shielding layer, 5-vacuum, 6-photon, electron 0 weight boundary.
Detailed Description
The following will describe embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, thereby solving the technical problems by applying technical means to the present invention, and realizing the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented accordingly. It should be noted that, as long as no conflict is formed, each embodiment of the present invention and each feature of each embodiment may be combined with each other, and the formed technical solutions are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
Additionally, the steps illustrated in the flowcharts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and although a logical order is illustrated in the flowcharts, in some cases the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order other than that herein.
Specifically, the invention discloses a method for simulating a broad beam X-ray bremsstrahlung transmission factor, which comprises the following steps:
step 1) establishing a model comprising a light source, an energy deposition detector and a lead shielding layer;
The light source is a cone beam light source, a lead shielding layer is arranged at a position 100cm away from the light source, and 2 energy deposition detectors are arranged at positions 30cm away from two sides of the lead shielding layer;
the cone beam light source emits X rays, the X rays collide with the lead shielding layer and scatter, energy is deposited in the energy deposition detector, and the ratio of the deposition energy of the energy deposition detector after shielding to that of the energy deposition detector before shielding is the radiation transmission factor of the radiation transmission factor;
Step 2) emitting X-rays from the cone-beam light source, wherein the tube voltage is 120kV, and the number of simulated particles is 10 7;
Step 3) writing single-color wide-beam X-ray spectrum into an MCNP program, and calculating radiation transmission factors at different thicknesses in a batch simulation mode, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
Simulating and calculating the deposition energy of photons and electrons in the detector in the transport process, carrying out average energy deposition simulation calculation, and calculating the simulation value of the radiation transmission factor according to the average energy deposition simulation calculation;
and 4) comparing and verifying the radiation transmission factor simulation values of the monochromatic X-rays with different lead thicknesses with fitting values reported by NCRP No. 147, and modifying the model shape, cone angle of cone beam, distance from a light source to a lead shielding layer and distance from an energy deposition detector to the lead shielding wall to modify and optimize the radiation transmission model so as to enable the simulation values of the monochromatic X-rays to be consistent with the fitting value radiation field conditions.
Specifically, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: establishing a broad beam X-ray bremsstrahlung primary radiation transmission model, wherein the model comprises the following steps: comprises a light source, an energy deposition detector and a lead shielding layer;
In order to simulate the actual situation and improve photon collision rate and deposition efficiency, the light source is set to be a cone-beam source, and preset X rays are emitted from the light source; as shown in particular in figure 2 of the drawings,
1. In order to simulate a ray bundle emitted by an actual X-ray machine, a light source is set to be a conical beam source (cone angle is 28 degrees), preset X-rays are emitted from the light source, the tube voltage is 120kV, and the number of simulated particles is 10 7;
2. Setting a lead shielding layer at a position 100cm away from the light source, and carrying out batch simulation calculation on radiation transmission factors with the thickness of 0.4mm、0.5mm、0.6mm、0.7mm、0.8mm、0.9mm、1.0mm、1.2mm、1.4mm、1.6mm、1.8mm、2.0mm、2.2mm、2.4mm、2.6mm、2.8mm、3.0mm;
3. 2 spherical energy deposition detectors (diameter 10cm, dry air) were placed 30cm on each side of the lead shield, i.e. F6 cards in the MCNP procedure. Simulating and calculating the deposition energy of photons and electrons in the detector in the transport process;
wherein the lead shielding layer needs to be provided with different thicknesses.
Step 2: writing a wide-beam monochromatic X-ray spectrum into an MCNP program, and respectively arranging energy deposition detectors in front of and behind a lead shielding layer;
The MCNP (Monte Carlo N PARTICLE Transport Code) is called a Monte Carlo nuclear particle Transport program system, and a universal software package for calculating neutrons, photons, electrons or coupling neutrons/photons/electrons in a three-dimensional complex geometry based on a Monte Carlo method developed by national experiments of los alamos is used.
Step 3: average energy deposition simulation calculations were performed using an F6 card (energy deposition counter card), specifically including:
and (3) running an MCNP program, and calculating the deposition energy in the detector after the collision and scattering of the X-ray and the lead shielding layer by using an F6 energy deposition counting card of the program, wherein the unit is Gy.
Wherein K, K' is the energy deposited by the detector before and after shieldingTo mask the front and back photon fluence, f (E), f' (E) are photon flux-dose rate conversion coefficients, E is the energy of the radiation.
Step 4: the radiation transmission factor is the ratio of the deposition energy of the post-shielding detector to the deposition energy of the pre-shielding detector.
Comparing and verifying the radiation transmission factor simulation values of the monochromatic X-rays with different lead thicknesses with fitting values reported by NCRP No. 147 to correct and optimize a radiation transmission model;
Step 5: finally, writing the broad beam X-ray bremsstrahlung spectrum into an MCNP program, and performing radiation transmission factor simulation calculation of different lead thicknesses, wherein the number of simulated particles is10 7.
As can be seen from the embodiment of fig. 4, when the radiation transmission factor analog value of the bremsstrahlung spectrum is the same as NCRP, the lead shielding layer corresponding to the former is lower than the lead shielding layer corresponding to the latter, for example: when the radiation transmission factor is 0.001, the lead shielding of the bremsstrahlung radiation is only 66% of the NCRP fitting value, so that the thickness of the lead shielding material is reduced, and the radiation protection optimization is realized.
The radiation transmission factor error mean value is only 4.5%, which indicates that the Monte Carlo model is basically consistent with the radiation field condition of the monochromatic X-ray radiation transmission factor fitting value given by NCRP No. 147.
As can be seen from fig. 4, the fit given by report NCRP # 147 for an X-ray bremsstrahlung transmission factor of 120kV less than the same lead shield thickness,
I.e., to achieve the same radiation transmission factor, the lead shielding material required for the simulation model of the present invention is less than the lead thickness of the fit equation of NCRP # 147.
After the scheme is adopted, the radiation transmission factor of the medical X-ray bremsstrahlung spectrum is mainly based on Monte Carlo simulation under actual conditions, the thickness of the shielding material is reduced under the condition of achieving the same shielding effect, and radiation protection optimization is realized, namely, after economic and social factors are considered, the size of the irradiated dose of the individual, the number of irradiated people and the possibility of irradiation are all kept at reasonably low levels. Optimization of protection means that the goal of saving resources while effectively reducing dosage is most easily achieved.
It should be noted that, for simplicity of description, the above method embodiments are all described as a series of acts, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited by the order of acts described, as some steps may be performed in other order or concurrently in accordance with the present application. Further, those skilled in the art will also appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and that the acts and modules referred to are not necessarily required for the present application.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects.
Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method of modeling broad beam X-ray bremsstrahlung transmission factor comprising:
step 1) establishing a model comprising a light source, an energy deposition detector and a lead shielding layer;
The light source is a cone beam light source, a lead shielding layer is arranged at a position 100cm away from the light source, and 2 energy deposition detectors are arranged at positions 30cm away from two sides of the lead shielding layer;
the cone beam light source emits X rays, the X rays collide with the lead shielding layer and scatter, energy is deposited in the energy deposition detector, and the ratio of the deposition energy of the energy deposition detector after shielding to that of the energy deposition detector before shielding is the radiation transmission factor of the radiation transmission factor;
Step 2) emitting X-rays from the cone-beam light source, wherein the tube voltage is 120kV, and the number of simulated particles is 10 7;
Step 3) writing single-color wide-beam X-ray spectrum into an MCNP program, and calculating radiation transmission factors at different thicknesses in a batch simulation mode, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
Simulating and calculating the deposition energy of photons and electrons in the detector in the transport process, carrying out average energy deposition simulation calculation, and calculating the simulation value of the radiation transmission factor according to the average energy deposition simulation calculation;
Step 4) comparing and verifying the radiation transmission factor simulation values of the monochromatic X-rays with different lead thicknesses with fitting values reported by NCRP No. 147, and correcting and optimizing the radiation transmission model by modifying the model shape, cone angle of cone beam, distance between a light source and a lead shielding layer and distance between an energy deposition detector and the lead shielding wall so as to ensure that the simulation values of the monochromatic X-rays are consistent with the radiation conditions of the fitting values;
In the step 3), the average energy deposition simulation calculation is performed, which specifically includes:
Running MCNP program, calculating the deposition energy in detector after collision and scattering of X-ray and lead shielding layer by using F6 energy deposition counting card of said program, and obtaining the unit as Gy
Wherein K, K' is the energy deposited by the detector before and after shieldingFor shielding front and back photon fluence, f (E) and f' (E) are photon flux-dose rate conversion coefficients, and E is ray energy;
The radiation transmission factor is the ratio of the deposition energy of the detector after shielding to the deposition energy of the detector before shielding:
Wherein, To mask the front and back photon fluence, f (E), f' (E) are photon flux-dose rate conversion coefficients, E is the radiant energy, and air kerma K.
2. A method of modeling broad beam X-ray bremsstrahlung transmission factor as claimed in claim 1 further comprising:
writing a broad beam of X-ray bremsstrahlung spectrum into an MCNP program, and performing radiation transmission factor simulation calculation of different lead thicknesses, wherein the number of simulated particles is 10 7;
And (3) simulating and calculating transmission factors of different lead shielding thicknesses on wide-beam X-ray bremsstrahlung, and evaluating the optimized radiation transmission factors by comparing the transmission factors with fitting values reported by NCRP No. 147.
3. A method of modeling broad beam X-ray bremsstrahlung transmission factor as claimed in claim 1 wherein in step 1) the cone angle of the cone beam source is selected to be 28 °; the energy deposition detector is a spherical detector with the diameter of 10cm and filled with dry air.
4. A method of modeling broad beam X-ray bremsstrahlung transmission factor as claimed in claim 1, comprising in step 3):
The radiation transmission factor at a thickness of 0.4mm、0.5mm、0.6mm、0.7mm、0.8mm、0.9mm、1.0mm、1.2mm、1.4mm、1.6mm、1.8mm、2.0mm、2.2mm、2.4mm、2.6mm、2.8mm、3.0mm was calculated by batch simulations.
5. A method of modeling broad beam X-ray bremsstrahlung transmission factor as claimed in claim 1 further comprising:
and the photon weight and the electron weight are set as 0 boundary, so that space acceleration operation which has no meaning on the counting result is cut off, and the analog calculated amount and the operation time are reduced.
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| CN109655473A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-04-19 | 北京应用物理与计算数学研究所 | The analogy method and system for the spark photograph image received device that point detector counts |
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| CN103996673A (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2014-08-20 | 中国科学院新疆理化技术研究所 | Method for improving total dosage effect of anti-ionizing radiation of device |
| CN109655473A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-04-19 | 北京应用物理与计算数学研究所 | The analogy method and system for the spark photograph image received device that point detector counts |
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