CN113671306A - High-voltage cable on-line monitoring system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a high-voltage cable on-line monitoring system and method, comprising: simultaneously monitoring and acquiring data quantities such as grounding circulation, grounding wire temperature, grounding box vibration and the like; analyzing and calculating an effective value in a main control module of the monitoring device; the data is transmitted to the upper computer software through the communication module; the upper computer software analyzes the data and checks the comparison problem of historical data; the cable fault early warning and the problem troubleshooting function of the cable problem high-incidence area are realized, visual data facilitate power distribution network fault troubleshooting personnel to carry out cable multi-state online monitoring, and the power grid accident searching capability and the power supply reliability are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of high tension cable many state quantities on-line monitoring, especially, relate to a high tension cable on-line monitoring system.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
The power cables are used more and more in the power grid, the safe operation of the power cables is the basic guarantee of the stable operation of the whole cable network, and the significance of the power cables on the operation safety and stability of the power grid is increasingly highlighted; once a cable fails, due to the particularity of the laying environment and severe weather such as high and low temperature, precipitation, ice coating, dirt and the like, the fault point is very difficult to find and remove, and the reliability of a power grid is seriously influenced; improper construction and installation process is the main cause of high-voltage cable failure, and accounts for 47.1 percent; the manufacturing quality is the root cause of the high-voltage cable fault and accounts for 25.3 percent; external force damage is an important cause of high-voltage cable failure, accounting for 17.2%. At present, the main mode of the power cable maintenance in China is regular maintenance with time as a standard, and plays an important role in ensuring the safe operation of the cable.
The safety and stability of the power cable and accessories are basic guarantees that the whole cable network can run stably, except for the cable body; the cable accessory has the characteristics of complex structure, accurate construction process requirement and high requirement on an installation site, so that the frequency of the cable accessory having faults is higher than that of the cable body, and the cable accessory is more prone to having faults; statistics of cable line fault data of 2019 by national grid company shows that in faults caused by defects of cable equipment (including a cable body, a cable joint and a cable terminal), the ratio of the number of the faults of the cable joint and the cable terminal is the largest, the ratio is 85.4%, and the ratio of the number of the faults of the cable terminal in the ratio is 45.7%.
The inventor finds that each monitoring method provided at present is single in monitoring state, the monitoring methods are mature in respective fields, but the monitoring amount is single, so that cable faults can not be found in time, serious cable accidents cannot be avoided, and the overall overhaul efficiency is not high; the overhauling and fault prevention of the high-voltage cable body and the outdoor terminal are mainly in a regular overhauling mode; the regular maintenance mode mainly depends on maintenance regulations and personnel experience, the maintenance means is comprehensive but not strong in pertinence, the problems of frequent temporary maintenance, insufficient or excessive maintenance, blind maintenance and the like often occur, a large amount of manpower and material resources are consumed, but serious accidents caused by outdoor cable terminals cannot be avoided, and the overall maintenance efficiency is not high; the problems generally exist in the operation of a power grid at present, the troubleshooting work of cable faults is seriously restrained, and the reliability and the stability of power supply are not improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present disclosure provides an online monitoring system for a high voltage cable; the cable fault early warning and the problem troubleshooting function of the cable problem high-occurrence area are achieved, visual data facilitate power distribution network fault troubleshooting personnel to carry out cable multi-state online monitoring, and the power grid accident searching capacity and the power supply reliability are improved.
In order to achieve the above object, the present disclosure provides an online monitoring system for a high voltage cable, which adopts the following technical solutions:
a high-voltage cable on-line monitoring system comprises a data acquisition module, a main control module, a communication module and an upper computer;
the data acquisition module configured to: collecting grounding circulation, grounding wire temperature and grounding box vibration data of the cable;
the master control module is configured to: analyzing and effectively calculating the grounding circulation, the grounding wire temperature and the vibration data of the grounding box of the cable;
the communication module configured to: uploading the data analyzed and effectively calculated in the main control module to the upper computer;
the upper computer is configured to: and comparing the real-time data uploaded by the communication module with the cable safety operation data, and performing problem troubleshooting on the cable problem high-occurrence area.
Further, the main control module adopts an STM32L476RGT6 chip and is a controller based on an ARMCortex-M4 kernel.
Furthermore, FreeROTS is used as core design software in the main control module, current collection tasks are coordinated and monitored, and effective value calculation is carried out on collected current data by means of floating point operation and ping-pong buffer storage structures of STM 32.
Furthermore, the main control module takes a FreeRTOS as a core to schedule the collection task; the subtasks of each acquisition device can realize independent data acquisition, data analysis and data uploading.
Further, the temperature of the cable joint and the ground wire is uploaded to a main controller through a high-conduction heat metal sensor, the difference relation between the environment temperature and the joint temperature is analyzed through software, the temperature rise rate of the cable is calculated, the temperature rise rate of a cable line is larger than 2 ℃/min or the temperature of cable equipment exceeds 70 ℃, and the temperature early warning function is started after the data are uploaded to the software of an upper computer.
Furthermore, real-time collected data are directly pushed to a GIS map for display, and collection of various communication protocols is integrated.
Further, a built-in GPRS wireless communication of the upper computer adopts a SIM900A module.
In a second aspect, the present disclosure provides an online monitoring method for a high voltage cable, which employs the online monitoring system for a high voltage cable according to the first aspect, and mainly includes the following steps:
monitoring and data acquisition are carried out on the grounding circulation, the temperature of the grounding wire and the vibration data volume of the grounding box at the same time;
analyzing and calculating an effective value in a main control module of the monitoring device;
the data is transmitted to the upper computer software through the communication module;
and analyzing data and comparing historical data by upper computer software to check the problem.
In a third aspect, the present disclosure also provides an electronic device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and when the processor executes the program, the online monitoring method for the high-voltage cable described in the second aspect is implemented.
In a fourth aspect, the present disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor, implements the high voltage cable online monitoring method described in the second aspect.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this disclosure is:
1. the ground box is used as a carrier, acquisition and early warning of data such as ground circulation, metal sheath temperature, ground wire temperature, vibration monitoring and early warning are added on the basis of a traditional monitoring device, and corresponding early warning measures are started according to different problem faults, so that the problems can be fed back in time.
2. The main controller of the monitoring device uses FreeRTOS as core design software to coordinate and monitor the current collection task, and meanwhile, the collected current data are effectively calculated by means of the floating point operation and the ping-pong buffer storage structure of the STM32, and the data transmission pressure of a communication module is relieved.
3. The method takes FreeRTOS as a core to carry out acquisition task scheduling; independent data acquisition, data analysis and data uploading can be realized by the subtasks of each acquisition device, and the accuracy of the data is improved.
4. According to the method, a micro-service solution spring cloud is selected, the construction of a micro-service project can be easily realized, and the development efficiency and the system efficiency are high; in addition, the spring cloud adopts an open source mechanism, and the safety, the usability and the like can be ensured.
5. The built-in GPRS wireless communication of the upper computer monitoring device adopts the SIM900A module, which is beneficial to software development efficiency and simplifies data communication flow.
6. According to the method, source data of the outdoor cable terminal are collected, after the remote PC acquires the data, sample data can be sorted, and the data are classified according to types and time so as to be convenient for establishing an influence model and carrying out data fusion; processing and screening the collected multi-source data by adopting a data mining method; and a data cleaning rule is formulated, missing data is subjected to completion processing, data with low precision is subjected to interpolation processing, and the accuracy of data mining is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, are included to provide a further understanding of the present embodiments, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present embodiments and together with the description serve to explain the present embodiments without unduly limiting the present embodiments.
Fig. 1 is an overall system framework diagram of embodiment 1 of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the software architecture of embodiment 1 of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a monitoring architecture diagram of an outdoor terminal according to embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present disclosure is further described with reference to the following drawings and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the present disclosure provides an online monitoring system for a high voltage cable; the system is combined with the change of cable data when various fault problems of the cable occur, and simultaneously monitors and acquires data quantities such as grounding circulation, grounding wire temperature, grounding box vibration and the like; the collected data can be analyzed and calculated with effective value in the main control module of the monitoring device, and then the data is transmitted to the upper computer software through the communication module and converted into a visual data change chart; the upper computer software compares the real-time data with the cable safe operation data and sends out early warning in time; the upper computer software has the function of analyzing historical data of the cable, and can timely perform problem troubleshooting on a high-occurrence area of the cable problem.
The monitoring device consists of a main controller, an acquisition module and a data transmission module.
In this embodiment, the main controller is also a microcontroller and is a core device of the acquisition device, preferably, the main controller selects an STM32L476RGT6 chip and is a controller based on an arm port-M4 kernel, power consumption is low in the same series of products, functions are complete, and most requirements of the device can be met.
In this embodiment, the acquisition module adopts a multi-state quantity acquisition mode to acquire data such as the amplitude of the grounding circulation of the metal sheath of the high-voltage cable, the temperature and vibration of the grounding wire of the high-voltage cable, and the operating temperature and current of the main cable.
In order to ensure the stability, the accuracy and the low power consumption of data acquisition, FreeROTS is used as core design software in a main controller of the monitoring device to coordinate and monitor the current acquisition task, and meanwhile, effective value calculation is carried out on the acquired current data by means of floating point operation and ping-pong buffer storage structures of STM32, so that the data transmission pressure of a communication module is relieved.
The main task of the acquisition device is to acquire each target data; the acquired data is simply processed and then transmitted to the upper computer through the communication module, so that in the software design of the acquisition device, in order to ensure the stability and the expansibility of the device, the FreeROTS is taken as a core to schedule an acquisition task; each subtask can realize independent data acquisition, data analysis and data uploading.
The working process of the embodiment is as follows:
simultaneously monitoring and acquiring data quantities such as grounding circulation, grounding wire temperature, grounding box vibration and the like;
analyzing and calculating an effective value in a main control module of the monitoring device;
the data is transmitted to the upper computer software through the communication module;
and analyzing data and comparing historical data by upper computer software to check the problem.
According to the method, the line fault type can be detected in an assisted manner by monitoring the state quantity of the ground loop data, accurately measuring the current of the ground cable and recording the wave at high speed, and the fault section can be quickly positioned, so that the response and processing time of the line fault is shortened.
The induced voltage on the metal sheath of a single-core cable depends on the load current of the cable, the arrangement mode and the line length of the cable in the same loop and also depends on the arrangement mode and the distance of the surrounding loops. The relationship between the conductor of the single-core cable and the metal sheath can be regarded as a primary winding and a secondary winding of a transformer, when the cable conductor passes through current, magnetic flux is generated around the cable conductor, the magnetic flux is not only linked with a core loop, but also coupled with the metal sheath of the cable, and induced voltage is respectively generated on the core and the metal sheath. Because each core wire is specially used for one metal protection layer, magnetic flux generated by load current or short-circuit current is coupled with the metal protection layer, and therefore, the induced voltage exists on the metal protection layer all the time.
The U can be known according to a calculation formula of the voltage at the tail end of the equivalent circuit of the power system2(terminal) U1(head end) - (P)1R +Q1X)/U1-j(P1X－Q1R)/U1. When the line is heavily loaded, P1And Q1Including load reactive and cable charging power; when the line is lightly loaded, P1Very small, Q1It basically only includes cable charging power, and is also small. Therefore, U when the line is heavily loaded2Is less than; when the line is lightly loaded, U2Greater than U1. This phenomenon is called the capacitive effect of long lines and will be more pronounced as the voltage levels increase and the transmission distance increases.
The grounding current transient recording signal grounding current actively carries out transient recording or triggers transient recording by abnormal sudden change. The parameter triggered by abnormity can be set, and the MCU samples the grounding current at the sampling frequency of 1kHZ, namely 20 times of power frequency.
When the peak value Vpp or the effective value Vrms of the current cycle and the peak value or the effective value of the previous cycle are larger than the threshold value, the transient recording of 1s, namely the transient waveform of 20 cycles, is triggered. Through accurate measurement and high-speed wave recording of the grounding cable current, the detection of the line fault type can be assisted, and the fault section can be quickly positioned, so that the response and processing time of the line fault is shortened, and the power supply reliability is improved.
The temperature of a grounding wire and the temperature of a joint in the vibration monitoring cable operation process are one main monitoring point of the cable. The temperature of the cable joint and the temperature of the grounding wire are quickly uploaded to a main controller through a small high-conductivity heat metal sensor, the temperature rise rate of the cable is calculated through software analysis of the difference value relation between the environment temperature and the joint temperature, and once the temperature rise rate of a cable line is larger than 2 ℃ and min or the temperature of cable equipment exceeds 70 ℃, the temperature early warning function is started after data are uploaded to upper computer software. Vibration of a high-voltage cable joint is an early warning point of high-voltage cable faults, an MPU6050 is selected for monitoring, the device has 6-dimensional acceleration calculation capability, and motion data of x-axis acceleration, y-axis acceleration and z-axis acceleration and angular velocity can be monitored simultaneously.
As shown in fig. 2, the system is used for multi-state quantity monitoring, and the MySQL database can store different data through different forms and perform multi-thread data processing, so that the MySQL database meets the requirements of the text, and finally the MySQL database is selected for data storage and analysis. And a front-end and rear-end separation framework is adopted, and various servers are separated, so that the micro-service system is convenient to access. Various current data are presented using the Echarts report. The real-time collected data is directly pushed to a GIS map for display, and the collection of various communication protocols of GPRSDTU and RS-485 is fused. The modular system configuration and the whole architecture are beneficial to subsequent expansion.
Example 2:
the embodiment provides an online monitoring method for a high-voltage cable, which adopts the online monitoring system for a high-voltage cable as described in embodiment 1, and mainly includes the following steps:
monitoring and data acquisition are carried out on the grounding circulation, the temperature of the grounding wire and the vibration data volume of the grounding box at the same time;
analyzing and calculating an effective value in a main control module of the monitoring device;
the data is transmitted to the upper computer software through the communication module;
and analyzing data and comparing historical data by upper computer software to check the problem.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 3, the monitoring of the outdoor terminal is divided into 4 steps.
Step 1: and monitoring by a leakage current measuring system.
For outdoor terminals of high-voltage cables, particularly for composite insulated outdoor terminals, a certain degree of insulation degradation occurs as the operation time of the outdoor terminals increases. The insulation deterioration phenomenon is usually more pronounced in dirty conditions, which is mainly caused by the reduction of the hydrophobicity of the material. The continuous water film formed on the surface of the insulating sleeve may cause strong arc discharge due to the decrease in hydrophobicity. Therefore, the leakage current can well represent the quality of the electrical performance of the outdoor insulation terminal. In order to measure the leakage current flowing along the outdoor terminal surface, a measuring resistor is connected in series in the ground lead of the terminal, the circuit changes are recorded in the form of voltage, and the measurement data are transmitted to a data acquisition system (DAQ) and a control platform.
Step 2: and (5) weather monitoring.
In order to monitor the change of the electrical performance of the outdoor terminal, which is influenced by the meteorological environment, the system is provided with three meteorological sensors which are respectively used for recording the meteorological environment. First, the system uses lightweight, miniaturized integrated weather sensors for measuring wind speed, wind direction, barometric pressure, temperature, and relative humidity. A heating device is adopted in the sensor to avoid snow from influencing the accuracy of the measured data. The integrated weather sensor is powered by a 12V DC power supply and outputs data into the DAQ. Secondly, the system uses a weather early warning sensor to judge the current weather state. The current weather state can be judged to be one of sunny days, raining, snowing, sleet and snowing and fog according to the current temperature, visibility and precipitation type. Similar to an integrated weather sensor, it is powered by a 12V DC power supply and outputs data to the DAQ. Finally, the system uses an illumination sensor for measuring the current illumination intensity. Illumination is an important factor affecting the evaporation rate of moisture on the surface of the outdoor terminal, and meanwhile, ultraviolet rays are one of important factors accelerating the aging of the composite insulating sleeve. The illumination sensor outputs a 0-20 mV voltage signal by using a thermocouple sensor so as to represent the illumination intensity which can reach 2000W/m < 2 > at most.
And step 3: and (5) image monitoring.
As a part of the state monitoring system, the image monitoring system consists of three image sensors, one image sensor is used for observing the overall operation condition of the outdoor terminal, and the other two cameras are used for observing the changes generated on the composite insulating surface of the outdoor terminal, such as ice coating, dirt, damage, hydrophobic migration and the like. The three image sensors are powered by a 12V power supply and support IPX65 level dust and water proofing functions.
Step 4; data acquisition, storage and transmission.
In order to collect and store data of each monitoring system and upload the data to a network, the state monitoring system uses a commercial data acquisition system (DAQ) with a platform control function. The collection frequency of the leakage current data is 1000Hz, and the collection frequency of the meteorological monitoring system data is 0.2 Hz. Meanwhile, the collected leakage current and meteorological data are stored in a storage hard disk connected with the DAQ, and the image data are stored in an SD card arranged in the image sensor and transmitted to the storage hard disk through the control platform. The DAQ and the control platform are connected to the wireless router through a network cable, all data are packaged and then transmitted to a network storage unit connected with the router through the FTP script, and meanwhile, the data are transmitted to the cloud through a 4G network.
Example 4:
the present embodiment provides an electronic device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and when the processor executes the program, the online monitoring method for the high-voltage cable as described in embodiment 1 is implemented.
Example 5:
the present embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor implements the high-voltage cable online monitoring method as described in embodiment 1.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present embodiment should be included in the protection scope of the present embodiment.
Claims (10)
1. A high-voltage cable on-line monitoring system is characterized by comprising a data acquisition module, a main control module, a communication module and an upper computer;
the data acquisition module configured to: collecting grounding circulation, grounding wire temperature and grounding box vibration data of a cable;
the master control module is configured to: analyzing and effectively calculating the grounding circulation, the grounding wire temperature and the vibration data of the grounding box of the cable;
the communication module configured to: uploading the data analyzed and effectively calculated in the main control module to the upper computer;
the upper computer is configured to: and comparing the real-time data uploaded by the communication module with the safe operation data of the cable, and performing problem troubleshooting on the cable problem high-occurrence area.
2. The on-line monitoring system for the high-voltage cable as claimed in claim 1, wherein the main control module adopts an STM32L476RGT6 chip and is a controller based on an ARMCortex-M4 kernel.
3. The on-line monitoring system for the high-voltage cable as claimed in claim 1, wherein FreeROTS is used as core design software in the main control module to coordinate and monitor the current collection task, and effective value calculation is performed on the collected current data by means of floating point operation and ping-pong buffer storage structure of STM 32.
4. The on-line monitoring system for high-voltage cables as claimed in claim 3, wherein the main control module takes FreeRTOS as a core to perform collection task scheduling; independent data acquisition, data analysis and data uploading can be realized by the subtasks of each acquisition device.
5. The on-line monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the temperature of the cable joint and the ground wire is uploaded to a main controller through a high-conductivity thermal metal sensor, the temperature rise rate of the cable is calculated by analyzing the difference between the ambient temperature and the joint temperature through software, the temperature rise rate of the cable line is more than 2 ℃/min or the temperature of the cable equipment exceeds 70 ℃, and the temperature early warning function is started after the data is uploaded to the software of an upper computer.
6. The on-line monitoring system for the high-voltage cable according to claim 1, wherein the real-time collected data is directly pushed to a GIS map for display, and the collection of various communication protocols is integrated.
7. The on-line monitoring system for the high-voltage cable as claimed in claim 1, wherein the built-in GPRS wireless communication of the upper computer adopts a SIM900A module.
8. A high-voltage cable on-line monitoring method, characterized in that the high-voltage cable on-line monitoring system of any one of claims 1 to 7 is adopted; the method mainly comprises the following steps:
monitoring and data acquisition are carried out on the grounding circulation, the temperature of the grounding wire and the vibration data volume of the grounding box at the same time;
analyzing and calculating an effective value in a main control module of the monitoring device;
the data is transmitted to the upper computer software through the communication module;
and analyzing data and comparing historical data by upper computer software to check the problem.
9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method of online monitoring of a high voltage cable according to claim 8 when executing the program.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which program, when being executed by a processor, is adapted to carry out the method of on-line monitoring of a high-voltage cable according to claim 8.
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