CN113671150A - Combined loess stratum shield tunnel construction full-stage test device capable of uniformly humidifying - Google Patents

Combined loess stratum shield tunnel construction full-stage test device capable of uniformly humidifying Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113671150A
CN113671150A CN202110805556.8A CN202110805556A CN113671150A CN 113671150 A CN113671150 A CN 113671150A CN 202110805556 A CN202110805556 A CN 202110805556A CN 113671150 A CN113671150 A CN 113671150A
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China
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shield
bin
grouting
humidifying
tunnel construction
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CN113671150B (en
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韩兴博
叶飞
梁晓明
冯浩岚
陈子明
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Changan University
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Changan University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/24Earth materials

Abstract

A combined loess stratum shield tunnel construction full-stage test device capable of uniformly humidifying comprises a detachable model box, a shield model, a uniform humidifying device, a grouting device, a power device and a monitoring device, wherein the detachable model box is divided into an originating bin, a digging bin and a receiving bin, a simulated stratum, the shield model and a permeable plate are arranged in the digging bin, and the uniform humidifying device uniformly humidifies through the permeable plate; the shield model can simulate the whole construction process of excavation, shield tail emptying, wall back grouting and the like; the shield model is provided with propelling power by a power device, grouting is carried out through grouting holes in pipe pieces by a grouting device in the excavation process, meanwhile, water is soaked by an even humidifying device, and the monitoring device is used for monitoring the change of surrounding rock displacement and surface settlement in the loess stratum shield construction full-stage in the humidifying process. The invention realizes the uniform humidifying process and the whole construction process of the loess stratum shield tunnel construction and the monitoring of stratum deformation.

Description

Combined loess stratum shield tunnel construction full-stage test device capable of uniformly humidifying
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of shield construction simulation test devices or equipment, and particularly relates to a combined loess stratum shield tunnel construction all-stage test device capable of uniformly humidifying.
Background
The shield construction method is widely applied to urban subway tunnel construction due to the advantages of high mechanization degree, strong stratum applicability and the like. For the loess stratum, the strength index is greatly changed after the loess stratum is soaked and humidified, so that the surrounding rock pressure evolution law of the loess stratum after the stratum is humidified in the construction processes of shield tunnel excavation, shield tail separation, grouting after the stratum is humidified is different from that of other strata.
At present, no model test device which can realize the full-stage construction of the shield tunnel and consider the influence of water immersion and humidification on loess dynamic surrounding rock pressure exists. Particularly, the humidification and the construction are dynamic processes, and relatively complex interaction exists between the humidification and the construction.
In order to ascertain the influence of the humidifying process on the evolution law of the surrounding rock pressure of the loess stratum shield tunnel construction in the whole stage and perfect the method for determining the surrounding rock pressure of the loess stratum shield tunnel, a model test device capable of realizing the humidifying loess stratum shield tunnel construction in the whole stage is needed to be designed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the combined loess stratum shield tunnel construction all-stage test device which has reasonable design and simple structure and can simulate the even humidification process of the stratum and the shield tunnel all-stage construction process and can evenly humidify the stratum.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a combined loess stratum shield tunnel construction full-stage test device capable of uniformly humidifying is characterized in that 2 groups of side plates are vertically arranged on the front side and the rear side of a bottom plate, a plurality of groups of clamping grooves are correspondingly arranged on the opposite side walls of the 2 groups of side plates at intervals, 4 groups of detachable partition plates are arranged in the clamping grooves, the 4 groups of detachable partition plates, the bottom plate and the side plates form 3 groups of spaces with openings at the upper ends, a starting bin, a pushing bin and a receiving bin are sequentially arranged from right to left, starting holes and receiving holes are symmetrically formed in the detachable partition plates on the two sides of the pushing bin, a shield model enters the pushing bin from the starting holes and drives away from the pushing bin from the starting bin through the receiving holes, end wall plates are arranged in the starting holes and the receiving holes, a motor bracket is arranged in the middle of the inner wall of the detachable partition plates on the right side in the starting bin, a motor is arranged on the motor bracket, an output shaft of the motor is connected with the shield model, a grouting device is arranged in the starting bin and is communicated with the shield model, impel the storehouse intussuseption to be filled with simulation stratum, the shield constructs the model and is located simulation stratum in and the output shaft central line of central line and motor on same straight line, be provided with the inlet opening on the curb plate of propulsion storehouse upper portion, the inlet opening is linked together with even humidification device, simulation stratum top is less than the inlet opening and is provided with the breast beam, be provided with the porous disk on the breast beam, the baffle inner wall can be dismantled on the right side in the receiving storehouse and the receiving platform is provided with placed in the middle, the receiving platform left side is provided with the dead lever, the dead lever is connected with the shield model through the guide bar, the baffle inner wall can be dismantled in the left side in the receiving storehouse and the monitoring bracket is provided with between the middle, be provided with monitoring devices on the monitoring bracket.
The shield model of the invention is as follows: the fixed propulsion shield shell that is provided with in section of jurisdiction left end, right-hand member activity are provided with fixed shield shell, and the inside processing of the left end of propulsion shield shell has annular slide rail, and the mount sets up in annular slide rail, and the axis bar sets up in the section of jurisdiction, and axis bar one end is connected with the output shaft, the other end pass mount and guide bar swing joint, and the blade disc sets up on the mount, and on the mount right-hand member was fixed in well axostylus axostyle through fixation nut, the equipartition processing had 4 injected holes in the section of jurisdiction week.
The outer transmission thread matched with the inner transmission thread at the left end of the output shaft is processed on the periphery of the right end of the middle shaft rod, the left end of the middle shaft rod is a hollow rod piece, the outer thread matched with the inner thread of the cutter head is processed on the periphery of the middle shaft rod, and the hollow part at the left end of the middle shaft rod can slide left and right along the guide rod.
The cutter head of the invention is: the cutter head body is of a cylindrical structure, a cutter head threaded hole is formed in the middle of the cutter head body, at least 2 groups of soil inlet holes are formed in the cutter head body in a radially symmetrical mode, and a scraper is arranged on one side of the soil inlet hole in the front end of the cutter head body.
The fixing frame of the invention is: the fixing frame body is of a cross structure, a fixing frame threaded hole is machined in the center of the fixing frame body, and the end part of the fixing frame body is machined into a step shape and is arranged in the annular slide rail.
The grouting device of the invention is: the slurry storage barrel is communicated with a slurry injection pump through a pipeline, the slurry injection pump is communicated with a five-way joint through a slurry injection valve arranged on the pipeline, and 4 slurry injection pipes communicated with the five-way joint are communicated with a slurry injection hole.
The uniform humidifying device of the invention comprises: the water storage tank is communicated with the water permeable hole through a water pump and a water injection valve which are arranged on the water pipe.
The permeable plate of the invention is uniformly provided with permeable holes.
The monitoring device of the invention is: the monitoring bracket is provided with 2 groups of light supplement lamps, high-speed cameras and PIV equipment, and the working interfaces of the light supplement lamps, the high-speed cameras and the PIV equipment are opposite to the excavation bin.
The top of the simulated stratum is provided with a surface displacement meter.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the adjustability is strong. The size of the test space can be adjusted according to the test by only adjusting the detachable partition plate of the tunneling bin, so that shield construction model boxes with different diameters can be obtained.
(2) The cost is low, and the time consumption is short. Because the model box is assembled by adopting the detachable partition plate, the device can meet the test requirements of different scales and sizes, save the cost of models and materials, shorten the time for manufacturing the models, and is easy to replace after each part is damaged.
(3) The test effect can be visually observed. The detachable partition plate is made of transparent organic glass plates, so that the influence of the construction process on the observation surface in the construction process can be conveniently captured and monitored by using a high-speed camera.
(4) The process of uniformly humidifying the stratum can be simulated. The water permeable plates with the same size of water permeable holes are uniformly distributed, so that water can be guaranteed to be uniformly immersed into the stratum from the earth surface.
(5) The whole-stage construction process of the shield tunnel can be simulated. The modularized shield machine model is adopted, the functions are complete, the processes of shield excavation, shield tail emptying, synchronous grouting and the like can be comprehensively reduced, and all parts of the shield machine adopt an assembling mode, so that the shield machine is convenient to replace.
In conclusion, the method restores the whole shield tunnel construction process of the loess stratum in the stratum uniform humidifying process, and monitors the disturbance of the construction process to the surrounding rock and the influence to the earth surface. The influence rule of the loess stratum shield full-stage construction process on the surrounding rock in the humidifying process is simulated live, the test requirements of different scales and sizes are completed under the conditions of low cost and short consumed time, and the test purpose is achieved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a top view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the shield model 23 in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the cutter head 23-7 of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the fixing frame 23-6 in fig. 3.
In the figure: 1. a base plate; 2. a side plate; 3. a card slot; 4. a removable baffle; 5. a water permeable plate; 6. an output shaft; 7. a motor; 8. a grouting pipe; 9. a five-way joint; 10. a grouting valve; 11. grouting pump; 12. a pulp storage barrel; 13. a water storage tank; 14. a water pump; 15. a water pipe; 16. a water injection valve; 17. a guide bar; 18. a receiving platform; 19. fixing the rod; 20. a PIV device; 21. a high-speed camera; 22. a light supplement lamp; 23. a shield model; 24. a motor bracket; 25. simulating a formation; 26. a spacer beam; 27. a surface displacement meter; 28. monitoring the carrier; 23-1, fixing a nut; 23-2, propelling the shield shell; 23-3, a pipe piece; 23-4, fixing the shield shell; 23-5, a middle shaft rod; 23-6, a fixing frame; 23-7, a cutter head; 23-8, an annular slide rail; 23-6-1, a fixing frame body; 23-7-1, a cutter head body; 23-7-2, a scraper; a. a receiving aperture; b. an originating aperture; c. a water inlet hole; d. water permeable holes; e. grouting holes; f. a cutter head threaded hole; g. a soil inlet hole; h. the fixing frame is provided with a threaded hole.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1
In fig. 1-5, 2 groups of side plates 2 are vertically arranged on the front side and the rear side of a bottom plate 1, a plurality of groups of clamping grooves 3 are correspondingly processed on opposite side walls of the 2 groups of side plates 2 at intervals, 4 groups of detachable partition plates 4 are installed in the clamping grooves 3, and the side plates 2 and the detachable partition plates 4 are transparent organic glass plates, so that the influence of a construction process on the observation surface of a tunneling bin in the construction process can be conveniently captured and monitored by a high-speed camera 21. Because the device is used for a humidification test and needs to have a certain waterproof function, the joints of the detachable partition plate 4, the side plates 2 and the bottom plate 1 are filled with sealing clay. 4 groups of detachable partition boards 4, a bottom board 1 and side boards 2 form 3 groups of spaces with openings at the upper ends, and the starting bin, the propelling bin and the receiving bin are sequentially arranged from right to left for simulating the whole tunnel construction process.
Starting holes b and receiving holes a are symmetrically processed on the detachable partition plates 4 on two sides of the propelling bin, a simulated stratum 25 is filled in the propelling bin, the shield model 23 is located in the simulated stratum 25, the central line of the shield model is in the same straight line with the central line of the output shaft 6 of the motor 7, the shield model 23 enters the propelling bin from the starting holes b under the driving of the motor 7 and drives away from the propelling bin from the receiving holes a, and end wall plates are arranged in the starting holes b and the receiving holes a and used for simulating end walls in construction. A motor bracket 24 is arranged in the middle of the inner wall of the right detachable partition plate 4 in the starting bin, a motor 7 is installed on the motor bracket 24, the right detachable partition plate 4 serves as a reaction frame of the motor 7, an output shaft 6 of the motor 7 is connected with the shield model 23, and the motor 7 provides power for the tunneling of the shield model 23.
The shield model 23 of the embodiment is formed by connecting a fixing nut 23-1, a propelling shield shell 23-2, a pipe piece 23-3, a fixing shield shell 23-4, a middle shaft rod 23-5, a fixing frame 23-6, a cutter head 23-7 and an annular slide rail 23-8, the left end of the pipe piece 23-3 is bonded with the propelling shield shell 23-2 by waterproof glue, the right end is movably provided with the fixing shield shell 23-4, the inside of the left end of the propelling shield shell 23-2 is provided with the annular slide rail 23-8, the fixing frame 23-6 is arranged in the annular slide rail 23-8, the fixing frame 23-6 and the propelling shield shell 23-2 are fixed together by the annular slide rail 23-8 so as to be capable of synchronous movement, the cutter head 23-7 is fixedly arranged on the fixing frame 23-6, the cutter head 23-7 is formed by connecting a cutter head body 23-7-1 and a scraper 23-7-2, the cutter head body 23-7-1 is of a cylindrical structure, a cutter head threaded hole f is formed in the middle of the cutter head body 23-7-1, at least 2 groups of soil inlet holes g are radially and symmetrically formed in the middle of the cutter head body 23-7-1, a scraper 23-7-2 is formed on one side of the soil inlet hole g at the front end of the cutter head body 23-7-1, and soil generated in the tunneling process enters the propelling shield shell 23-2 through the soil inlet holes g. The fixing frame 23-6 is composed of a fixing frame body 23-6-1, the fixing frame body 23-6-1 is of a cross structure, a fixing frame threaded hole h is machined in the center of the fixing frame body 23-6-1, and the end portion of the fixing frame body is machined into a step shape and is arranged in the annular slide rail 23-8.
The middle shaft lever 23-5 is arranged in the pipe piece 23-3, one end of the middle shaft lever 23-5 is connected with the output shaft 6, the other end of the middle shaft lever passes through the fixing frame threaded hole h and the cutter head threaded hole f to be movably connected with the guide rod 17, and the right end of the fixing frame 23-6 is fixed on the middle shaft lever 23-5 through the fixing nut 23-1. Furthermore, the outer transmission thread matched with the inner transmission thread at the left end of the output shaft 6 is processed on the periphery of the right end of the middle shaft rod 23-5, the left end is a hollow rod piece, the outer thread matched with the inner thread of the cutter head threaded hole f and the fixed frame threaded hole h is processed on the periphery of the middle shaft rod 23-5, and the hollow part at the left end of the middle shaft rod 23-5 can slide left and right along the guide rod 17. When the output shaft 6 of the motor 7 rotates, the middle shaft rod 23-5 is driven to move leftwards through the transmission screw thread, so that the fixing frame 23-6 fixed with the middle shaft rod 23-5 moves leftwards while rotating, the cutter head 23-7 is driven to rotate, the simulated stratum 25 is tunneled, the shield shell 23-2 and the segment 23-3 are propelled to move leftwards, the shield shell is pulled out from the receiving hole a to reach the receiving platform 18, and the tunnel shield tunneling simulation process is completed. 4 grouting holes e are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction of the duct piece 23-3, a grouting device arranged in a starting bin performs grouting through the grouting holes e in the duct piece 23-3 in the excavation process, and a pipe wall grouting process in the actual tunnel shield tunneling process is simulated.
A grouting device is arranged in the starting bin and is formed by connecting a grouting pipe 8, a five-way joint 9, a grouting valve 10, a grouting pump 11 and a slurry storage barrel 12, the slurry storage barrel 12 is communicated with the grouting pump 11 through a pipeline, the grouting pump 11 is communicated with the five-way joint 9 through the grouting valve 10 arranged on the pipeline, and 4 grouting pipes 8 communicated with the five-way joint 9 are communicated with a grouting hole e. The grouting valve 10 is used to control the grouting speed and the grouting amount.
A water inlet hole c is processed on the side plate 2 at the upper part of the propulsion bin, the water inlet hole c is communicated with an even humidifying device, the even humidifying device is formed by connecting a water storage tank 13, a water pump 14, a water pipe 15 and a water injection valve 16, the water storage tank 13 is communicated with a water permeable hole d through the water pump 14 and the water injection valve 16 which are installed on the water pipe 15, and the water injection valve 16 is used for controlling the water immersion speed and the water immersion amount. The top of the simulated stratum 25 is lower than the water inlet hole c and is provided with a separation beam 26, the separation beam 26 is provided with a permeable plate 5, and permeable holes d are uniformly distributed and processed on the permeable plate 5 to ensure that water is uniformly immersed into the test stratum.
A receiving platform 18 is arranged in the middle of the inner wall of a detachable partition plate 4 on the right side in a receiving bin, the receiving platform 18 is used for receiving and propelling a shield shell 23-2 and a duct piece 23-3, a fixing rod 19 is arranged on the left side of the receiving platform 18, the fixing rod 19 is connected with a shield model 23 through a guide rod 17, the guide rod 17 ensures stable posture in the shield tunneling process, a monitoring bracket 28 is arranged in the middle of the inner wall of the detachable partition plate 4 on the left side in the receiving bin, a monitoring device is arranged on the monitoring bracket 28, the monitoring device is composed of PIV equipment 20, a high-speed camera 21 and a light supplement lamp 22, 2 groups of light supplement lamps 22, the high-speed camera 21 and the PIV equipment 20 are arranged on the monitoring bracket 28, and the light supplement lamps 22, the high-speed camera 21 and the working interface of the PIV equipment are right opposite to the tunneling bin. Further, a surface displacement meter 27 is mounted on top of the simulated formation 25. The supplementary lighting lamp 22 is used for increasing the brightness of an observation surface (shield exit end); the high-speed camera 21 is used for capturing a soil displacement image in the construction process of the observation surface; the PIV equipment 20 is used for analyzing the soil displacement image; the surface displacement gauge 27 is used to monitor surface subsidence during construction.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a combination formula loess stratum shield tunnel construction full stage test device that can evenly humidify which characterized in that: two sides of the front side and the back side of a bottom plate (1) are vertically provided with 2 groups of side plates (2), a plurality of groups of clamping grooves (3) are correspondingly arranged on the opposite side walls of the 2 groups of side plates (2) at intervals, 4 groups of detachable partition plates (4) are arranged in the clamping grooves (3), the 4 groups of detachable partition plates (4), the bottom plate (1) and the side plates (2) form a space with an opening at the upper end of 3 groups, a starting bin, a propelling bin and a receiving bin are sequentially arranged from right to left, starting holes (b) and receiving holes (a) are symmetrically processed on the detachable partition plates (4) at the two sides of the propelling bin, a shield model (23) enters the propelling bin from the starting holes (b) and drives away from the propelling bin from the receiving holes (a), end wall plates are arranged in the starting holes (b) and the receiving holes (a), a motor bracket (24) is arranged in the middle of the inner wall of the detachable partition plate (4) at the right side in the starting bin, a motor bracket (24) is provided with a motor (7), an output shaft (6) of a motor (7) is connected with a shield model (23), a grouting device is arranged in a starting bin, the grouting device is communicated with the shield model (23), a simulation stratum (25) is filled in a propelling bin, the shield model (23) is positioned in the simulation stratum (25) and the central line of the shield model is on the same straight line with the central line of the output shaft (6) of the motor (7), a water inlet hole (c) is arranged on a side plate (2) on the upper part of the propelling bin and communicated with a uniform humidifying device, a partition beam (26) is arranged at the top of the simulation stratum (25) and lower than the water inlet hole (c), a water permeable plate (5) is arranged on the partition beam (26), a receiving platform (18) is arranged in the middle of the inner wall of a detachable partition plate (4) on the right side in the receiving bin, a fixing rod (19) is arranged on the left side of the receiving platform (18), and the fixing rod (19) is connected with the shield model (23) through a guide rod (17), a monitoring bracket (28) is arranged in the middle of the inner wall of the left detachable partition plate (4) in the receiving bin, and a monitoring device is arranged on the monitoring bracket (28).
2. The combined loess formation shield tunnel construction full-stage test device capable of uniformly humidifying as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shield model (23) is: a propelling shield shell (23-2) is fixedly arranged at the left end of the duct piece (23-3), a fixed shield shell (23-4) is movably arranged at the right end of the duct piece (23-3), an annular slide rail (23-8) is processed inside the left end of the propelling shield shell (23-2), a fixed frame (23-6) is arranged in the annular slide rail (23-8), a middle shaft lever (23-5) is arranged in the duct piece (23-3), one end of the middle shaft lever (23-5) is connected with an output shaft (6), the other end of the pipe piece penetrates through a fixed frame (23-6) to be movably connected with a guide rod (17), a cutter head (23-7) is arranged on the fixed frame (23-6), the right end of the fixed frame (23-6) is fixed on a middle shaft lever (23-5) through a fixing nut (23-1), and 4 grouting holes (e) are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction of the pipe piece (23-3).
3. The combined loess formation shield tunnel construction full-stage test device capable of uniformly humidifying as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the outer transmission thread matched with the inner transmission thread at the left end of the output shaft (6) is processed on the periphery of the right end of the middle shaft lever (23-5), the left end of the middle shaft lever is a hollow rod piece, the outer thread matched with the inner thread of the cutter head (23-7) is processed on the periphery of the middle shaft lever, and the hollow part at the left end of the middle shaft lever (23-5) can slide left and right along the guide rod (17).
4. The combined loess formation shield tunnel construction full-stage test device capable of uniformly humidifying as claimed in claim 2, wherein the cutter heads (23-7) are: the cutter head body (23-7-1) is of a cylindrical structure, a cutter head threaded hole (f) is formed in the middle of the cutter head body (23-7-1), at least 2 groups of soil inlet holes (g) are radially and symmetrically formed in the middle of the cutter head body, and a scraper (23-7-2) is arranged on one side of the soil inlet hole (g) in the front end of the cutter head body (23-7-1).
5. The combined loess formation shield tunnel construction full-stage test device capable of uniformly humidifying as claimed in claim 2, wherein the fixing frame (23-6) is: the fixing frame body (23-6-1) is of a cross structure, a fixing frame threaded hole (h) is processed in the center of the fixing frame body (23-6-1), and the end part of the fixing frame body is processed into a step shape and is arranged in the annular sliding rail (23-8).
6. The combined loess formation shield tunnel construction full-stage test device capable of uniformly humidifying as claimed in claim 2, wherein the grouting device is: the slurry storage barrel (12) is communicated with a grouting pump (11) through a pipeline, the grouting pump (11) is communicated with a five-way joint (9) through a grouting valve (10) arranged on the pipeline, and 4 grouting pipes (8) communicated with the five-way joint (9) are communicated with a grouting hole (e).
7. The combined loess formation shield tunnel construction full-stage test device capable of uniformly humidifying as claimed in claim 1, wherein the uniform humidifying device is: the water storage tank (13) is communicated with the water permeable hole (d) through a water pump (14) and a water injection valve (16) which are arranged on a water pipe (15).
8. The combined loess formation shield tunnel construction full-stage test device capable of uniformly humidifying as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the permeable plate (5) is uniformly provided with permeable holes (d).
9. The combined loess formation shield tunnel construction full-stage test device capable of uniformly humidifying as claimed in claim 1, wherein the monitoring device is: the monitoring bracket (28) is provided with 2 groups of light supplement lamps (22), a high-speed camera (21) and PIV equipment (20), and the working interfaces of the light supplement lamps (22), the high-speed camera (21) and the PIV equipment (20) are opposite to the excavation bin.
10. The combined loess formation shield tunnel construction full-stage test device capable of uniformly humidifying as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a surface displacement meter (27) is arranged at the top of the simulated stratum (25).
CN202110805556.8A 2021-07-16 2021-07-16 Combined loess stratum shield tunnel construction full-stage test device capable of uniformly humidifying Active CN113671150B (en)

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