CN1136708C - Vertical package of adaption method for integrating internet with synchronous optical network - Google Patents
Vertical package of adaption method for integrating internet with synchronous optical network Download PDFInfo
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- CN1136708C CN1136708C CNB991166264A CN99116626A CN1136708C CN 1136708 C CN1136708 C CN 1136708C CN B991166264 A CNB991166264 A CN B991166264A CN 99116626 A CN99116626 A CN 99116626A CN 1136708 C CN1136708 C CN 1136708C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the frame encapsulation of an adaptation method for integrating the internet with a synchronous optical network. The present invention provides an SONET link access procedure and other techniques by improving the defects of no support to the application of low-order virtual containers, high cost of partial treatment of hardware retransmission, high expense for optical packet switching, unclear definition of the value of a retransmitting timer, low efficiency due to a filling function, etc. in the prior art. Version fields in an Ipv4 packaged end and an Ipv6 packaged end are used as parameters and are mapped to a second layer along with primitives to realize multi-protocol encapsulation; a similar method can be used for supporting more than 250 kinds of protocols comprising the fourth edition and the sixth edition of an internet protocol.
Description
Technical field
The data that the present invention relates to internet transmit the field, it is a kind of data transmission method that is used for internet and Synchronous Optical Network fusion, be mainly used in the core switch router, the edge switch router, based on the high low-end switch of packet switch, user side integrated access equipment and interconnecting and interworking equipment relevant etc. with internet.
Background technology
Now be used for the data transmission method that internet and Synchronous Optical Network merge, " point-to-point protocol " (english abbreviation PPP) arranged.At internet engineering duty group (english abbreviation IETF), (RFC is the request comment it to be defined as (code name) RFC1619, English Request ForComments), it can encapsulate 30 multiple network agreements, contain and be useful on internet " internet protocol the 4th edition (English IPV4); this protocol fitting method is successful by the MODEM online; also have fire compartment wall; but if be used for Synchronous Optical Network (english abbreviation SONET) or Synchronous Optical Network (english abbreviation SONET), just come with some shortcomings and defective.Mainly show:
(1) encapsulation of the frame of RFC1619 is finished by point-to-point protocol and two of senior synchronous data-link rules, and the encapsulation of upper-layer protocol is finished by " protocol fields (8/16 bit) " in the PPP frame;
(2) for the application of Lower Order Virtual Container (english abbreviation LOVC), there is not the support of frame encapsulation standard, cause IP over SONET can not be used for the internet edge and insert;
(3) for per second 2.5 gigabits and above speed thereof, hardware forwarding part expense is too big during development equipment, being used for " internet protocol (english abbreviation IP) is directly at wavelength division multiplexing optical cable net (english abbreviation IP over WDM) " goes up when moving, all the more so, because the RFC1619 regulation: recommend to use " LCP (english abbreviation LCP) " and magic number (English is expressed as Magic Number).These two more complicated;
When (4) adopting RFC1619, because PPP need connect, the default value of retransmission timer is decided to be 3 seconds in PPP.For high-speed link, this method is too blunt.Use for concrete engineering, should require to support speed range all (differing from 4032 times approximately) from per second 2 megabits to per second 10000 megabits.So the value of retransmission timer should be determined according to the time delay that circuit comes and goes.These are not all made stipulations in RFC1619, thereby uncertainty can occur when the apparatus interconnection of different manufacturers;
(5) fill function (English is expressed as Padding Function), the information field of PPP generally will be filled into maximum receive unit (english abbreviation MRU, general provision is 1500 bytes on internet).For general internet packet, as the application of browser (English is expressed as WWW) online (this kind application account for 75% that whole internet uses), the average data packet length is 330 bytes, has average about 350% to be to flog a dead horse like this, and efficient is very low.In addition, it is information field that this filling field also needs a function which is distinguished at receiving terminal, and which is to fill field.This has increased processing expenditure again;
(6) the whole rules of LCP (english abbreviation LCP) comprise 10 kinds of configuration data bags (English is expressed as configurationpacket), 16 kinds of state events (English is expressed as Event) and 12 kinds of actions (English is expressed as Action), and the packet switch (light---light) that these complicated mechanism is used for light is to be difficult to realize.Even worked it out, cost is high too.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is, improved, and propose and design a kind of data transmission method that is used for internet and Synchronous Optical Network fusion that is applicable to various situations at deficiency and defective that existing frame encapsulation technology exists; Conception of the present invention is the sonet link access regulation (english abbreviation LAPS) that only keeps byte-oriented between internet protocol (english abbreviation IP) and Synchronous Optical Network (english abbreviation SONET), replace address field with many service access points, the encapsulation of realization multi-protocols, can support whole speed ranges of from the Lower Order Virtual Container to the higher order virtual container, (comprising cascade), also be particularly suitable for using the packet switch interface of light, uncertainty without any agreement, this conception can not only solve new equipment development and problems of operation, and has found an extraordinary outlet for the existing telecommunication transmission resource that exceeds 100 billion of China.
A kind of data transferring method that is used for internet and Synchronous Optical Network fusion comprises the following steps:
Receive packet from the network layer device of internet, the type of recognition data bag produces the SAPI identifier according to the type of discerning, and converts described packet to first kind frame; Described first kind frame is packaged into the frame format that comprises beginning flag, address field, control field, information field, Frame Check Sequence field and termination flag, to form the second class frame; On the cascade channel that the second class frame is mapped in the mode of byte-oriented on the virtual container of single Synchronous Optical Network or forms by the virtual container of a plurality of Synchronous Optical Networks; FCS calculate finish after, transmit leg is checked the entire frame content between two flag of frame, whenever runs into " 0 * 7e " time it is replaced with " 0 * 7d, 0 * 5e ", when whenever running into " 0 * 7d " it is replaced with " 0 * 7d, 0 * 5d "; The recipient, before FCS calculates, as long as run into " 0 * 7d, 0 * 5e " or " 0 * 7d, 0 * 5d " then do opposite conversion.
The SAPI identifier of the described second class frame is corresponding to address field or be inserted on two the information field bytes of the most close control field.
Described cascade channel is by the virtual container (A1 of two or more same rates with the Synchronous Optical Network in path, A2, An) form, the bit-order of mapping is: the 1st bit of virtual container A1, the 1st bit of virtual container A2, the 1st bit of virtual container A3 ... the 1st bit of virtual container An, the 2nd bit of virtual container A1, the 2nd bit of virtual container A2, the 2nd bit of virtual container A3 ... the 2nd bit of virtual container An, the N bit of virtual container A1, the N bit of virtual container A2, the N bit of virtual container A3 ... the N bit of virtual container An, the maximum number bits of each virtual container are the values of ANSI T1.105 defined.
The virtual container of described Synchronous Optical Network and bandwidth, payload parameter are:
Virtual container--11 its bandwidth 1664 kilobits/second payloads 1600 kilobits/second
Virtual container--12 its bandwidth 2240 kilobits/second payloads 2176 kilobits/second
Virtual container--2 its bandwidth 6848 kilobits/second payloads 6784 kilobits/second
Virtual container--3 its bandwidth 48960 kilobits/second payloads 48384 kilobits/second
Virtual container--4 its bandwidth 150336 kilobits/second payloads 149760 kilobits/second
Its bandwidth 601304 kilobits/second payloads 599040 kilobits/second of virtual container--4-4c
Its bandwidth 2405376 kilobits/second payloads 2396160 kilobits/second of virtual container--4-16c
Its bandwidth 9621504 kilobits/second payloads 9584640 kilobits/second of virtual container--4-64c
Its bandwidth 38486016 kilobits/second of virtual container--4-192c
What transmission and reception were used is not confirm formula information transfer service pattern (UITS), has only a key element LAPS at the 2nd layer, does not have flow control, does not also carry out any affirmation formula operation.
Advantage of the present invention with respect to existing RFC1619, has following innovation:
(1) at present more external manufacturers (are RFC1619 according to the PPP over SONET/SDH that internet engineering duty group (english abbreviation IETF) proposes, SONET is meant the Synchronous Optical Network of North America) exploitation, with regard to RFC1619 itself, link layer has PPP (point-to-point protocol) and two kinds of agreements of HDLC (high-level data link rules), more complicated, hardware spending was too big when it was used for the above speed of per second 2.5 gigabits, the present invention only adopts a LAPS key element by contrast, its complexity and HDLC are suitable, saved " LCP (english abbreviation LCP) " and magic number (English the is expressed as Magic Number) mechanism of the complexity among the PPP, the expense of used protocol adaptation reduces greatly;
(2) RFC1619 does not still support the Lower Order Virtual Container of SONET at present, there is not the standard support when application of PPP over SONET/SDH is to the Internet marginal layer or near the comprehensive access of user Side like this, the present invention can support fully to Lower Order Virtual Container by contrast, and is both simple, complete again;
When (3) adopting RFC1619, because PPP need connect, the default value of retransmission timer is decided to be 3 seconds in PPP.For high-speed link, too blunt, use for concrete engineering, should require all to support to the speed range of per second 10000 megabits from per second 2 megabits, so the value of retransmission timer should be determined according to the time delay that circuit comes and goes, these are not all made stipulations in RFC1619, thereby when the apparatus interconnection of different manufacturers uncertainty may appear, the present invention adopts and does not confirm formula information transfer service mode by contrast, do not need to connect, also do not need to use retransmission timer, the uncertainty of communicating by letter between any peer-entities can not occur, the application of the speed range from per second 2 megabits to per second 10000 megabits is all supported;
(4) about filling the use of function, the information field of PPP generally will be filled into maximum receive unit (english abbreviation MRU, general provision is 1500 bytes on internet), for general internet packet, as the application of browser (English is expressed as WWW) online (this kind application account for 75% that whole internet uses), packet length is average out to 330 bytes, and average like this having an appointment 350% is to flog a dead horse, and efficient is very low; In addition, it is information field that this filling field also needs a function which is distinguished at receiving terminal, and which is to fill field, and this has increased processing expenditure again, and the present invention is irrelevant with the filling function by contrast, for any internet application, does not have this idle work;
(5) the whole rules of LCP comprise 10 kinds of configuration data bags (English is expressed as configuration packet), 16 kinds of state events (English is expressed as Event), 12 kinds of actions (English is expressed as Action), the packet switch (light---light) that these complicated mechanism is used for light is to be difficult to realize.Even worked it out, cost is high too.By contrast, the present invention does not have these configuration data bags, and state event and action can be used for the packet switch (light---light) of light at an easy rate;
(6) the present invention has considered Ipv4 that is using at present and the Ipv6 that is about to use, supports to have good real world applications characteristics and extensibility in the future with unified LAPS mechanism;
Generally, the present invention is with very letter refining, mode with cheapness solves the protocol adaptation of internet to the SONET telecommunication transmission efficiently, " point-to-point protocol (english abbreviation PPP) and two key elements of high-level data chain rules (english abbreviation HDLC) are supported internet protocol the 4th edition (english abbreviation Ipv4) and the application of internet protocol sixth version (english abbreviation Ipv6) on SONET with key element replacement of sonet link access regulation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1, conception schematic diagram proposed by the invention
Fig. 2, the frame structure of LAPS proposed by the invention
Fig. 3, usefulness (x proposed by the invention
43+ 1) schematic diagram of multinomial scrambler and descrambling
Fig. 4, the present invention uses conception figure in national IP over SDH core layer networking
Fig. 5, the present invention is in IP over SDH core layer networking application conception inside the province
EmbodimentBelow, embodiments of the invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Imagination proposed by the invention is mainly used in the core switch router, the edge switch router, and based on the high low-end switch of packet switch, user side integrated access equipment and interconnecting and interworking equipment relevant etc. with internet.Wherein SDH mainly uses in China and Europe, and SONET mainly in the North America, Japan and Hong Kong employing.Application framework of the present invention is seen Fig. 1, it is conception schematic diagram proposed by the invention, wherein adopt internet protocol (IP) (comprising Ipv4 and IPv6) in network layer, link layer adopts sonet link access regulation (english abbreviation LAPS), physical layer adopts Synchronous Optical Network (SONET), mainly comprises all kinds of high-orders and Lower Order Virtual Container.In this framework, the 3rd layer of service access point that provides of the 2nd course has two, respectively for using based on the packet of IPV4 with based on the packet of IPV6.Their service access point identifier (SAPI) is respectively a decimal number " 4 " and " 6 ".Whole protocol Data Unit in the layer 3 IP bag (english abbreviation PDU), " version field " (English Version), professional (the English Differentiated Services) code-point of segmentation or IPv4 business type field (english abbreviation TOS), when sending as 2 layers of the parameter maps to the of primitive.At the 2nd layer, the information field of the PDU that shines upon as LAPS; The version field of shining upon as service access point identifier (english abbreviation SAPI), and is transferred to the address field of LAPS; The professional code-point of the segmentation of shining upon or IPv4 business type field as a kind of foundation, control formation algorithm.Do not confirm formula information transfer service (UITS) the 2nd layer of employing, it and the 1st layer are also mutual with primitive and parameter by corresponding service access point.Fig. 2 is the frame structure of LAPS proposed by the invention, the opening flag that uppermost that eight hyte is the LAPS frame, its value is defined as binary number " 01111110 ", and then be address field, one eight hyte is long, its value is " version field " of the frame format of Ipv4 or Ipv6, comes from the network layer mapping with " DL-UNACK-DATA request " primitive as parameter during operation.Fig. 3 is usefulness (x proposed by the invention
43+ 1) schematic diagram of multinomial scrambler and descrambling, the part that impales in the empty frame is one 43 bit shift register, circle partly is expressed as an XOR and patrols and seize circuit, by the relation of seizing of patrolling among the figure, can finish the scrambler function to " the data flow output behind the scrambler " from " the data flow input before the scrambler "; Can finish the descrambling function from " input of scrambler data flow " to " the data flow output behind the descrambling ".Also can adopt the shift register of displacement from D1 to D43, also should adjust but patrol the relation of seizing accordingly.Fig. 4 is that the present invention uses conception figure in national IP over SDH core layer networking, this example is that existing resource is given an example the existing transmission network management of the computer representation at white interface with present Chinese 8 * 8SDH or wavelength division multiplexing (english abbreviation WDM) trunk transit network; After each node city employing has the core switch router of IP over SDH interface, can form a packet switch core net that extends in all direction, the computer representation at black interface is about to the webmaster of the core switch router net of layout.Fig. 5 is that the present invention is in IP over SDH core layer networking application conception inside the province, wherein black circle is represented the core route exchange device based on IP over SDH equipment, the Xiao Bai circle is represented the branch line route exchange device based on IP over SDH equipment, REG is a regenerative repeater, ADM is an add-drop multiplexer, and LAN is a local area network (LAN); The each province is mostly with the SDH ring-shaped network at present, and this example is that existing resource is given an example with present Chinese each province SDH looped network or wavelength-division multiplex system (english abbreviation WDM) trunk transit network; Each districts and cities node city inside the province adopt have the core switch router of IP over SDH interface after, can form a packet switch core net that is extending in all direction inside the province.
Claims (5)
1. a data transferring method that is used for internet and Synchronous Optical Network fusion comprises the following steps:
Receive packet from the network layer device of internet, the type of recognition data bag produces the service access point identifier according to the type of discerning, and converts described packet to first kind frame; Described first kind frame is packaged into the frame format that comprises beginning flag, address field, control field, information field, Frame Check Sequence field and termination flag, to form the second class frame; On the cascade channel that the second class frame is mapped in the mode of byte-oriented on the virtual container of single Synchronous Optical Network or forms by the virtual container of a plurality of Synchronous Optical Networks; Frame Check Sequence calculate finish after, transmit leg is checked the entire frame content between two flag of frame, when whenever running into " 0 * 7e " it is replaced with " 0 * 7d, 0 * 5e ", when whenever running into " 0 * 7d " it is replaced with " 0 * 7d, 0 * 5d "; The recipient, before calculating Frame Check Sequence, as long as run into " 0 * 7d, 0 * 5e " or " 0 * 7d, 0 * 5d " then does opposite conversion.
2. data transferring method as claimed in claim 1, the service access point identifier of the described second class frame is corresponding to address field or be inserted on two the information field bytes of the most close control field.
3. data transferring method as claimed in claim 1, described cascade channel is by the virtual container A1 of two or more same rates with the Synchronous Optical Network in path, A2, form to An, the bit-order of mapping is: the 1st bit of virtual container A1, the 1st bit of virtual container A2, the 1st bit of virtual container A3 is to the 1st bit of virtual container An, the 2nd bit of virtual container A1, the 2nd bit of virtual container A2, the 2nd bit of virtual container A3 is to the 2nd bit of virtual container An, N bit to virtual container A1, the N bit of virtual container A2, the N bit of virtual container A3 is to the N bit of virtual container An, and the maximum number bits of each virtual container is the value of ANSI T1.105 defined.
4. data transferring method as claimed in claim 1, the virtual container of described Synchronous Optical Network and bandwidth, payload parameter are:
Virtual container--11 its bandwidth 1664 kilobits/second payloads 1600 kilobits/second
Virtual container--12 its bandwidth 2240 kilobits/second payloads 2176 kilobits/second
Virtual container--2 its bandwidth 6848 kilobits/second payloads 6784 kilobits/second
Virtual container--3 its bandwidth 48960 kilobits/second payloads 48384 kilobits/second
Virtual container--4 its bandwidth 150336 kilobits/second payloads 149760 kilobits/second
Its bandwidth 601304 kilobits/second payloads 599040 kilobits/second of virtual container--4-4c
Its bandwidth 2405376 kilobits/second payloads 2396160 kilobits/second of virtual container--4-16c
Its bandwidth 9621504 kilobits/second payloads 9584640 kilobits/second of virtual container--4-64c
5. data transferring method as claimed in claim 1, use be not confirm formula information transfer service pattern, have only a key element sonet link access regulation at the 2nd layer, do not have flow control, do not carry out the operation of any affirmation formula yet.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB991166264A CN1136708C (en) | 1999-09-01 | 1999-09-01 | Vertical package of adaption method for integrating internet with synchronous optical network |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB991166264A CN1136708C (en) | 1999-09-01 | 1999-09-01 | Vertical package of adaption method for integrating internet with synchronous optical network |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1248845A CN1248845A (en) | 2000-03-29 |
| CN1136708C true CN1136708C (en) | 2004-01-28 |
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