CN1120609C - Adaption method for integrating Ethernet with quasi-synchronous digital system - Google Patents
Adaption method for integrating Ethernet with quasi-synchronous digital system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1120609C CN1120609C CN99116629A CN99116629A CN1120609C CN 1120609 C CN1120609 C CN 1120609C CN 99116629 A CN99116629 A CN 99116629A CN 99116629 A CN99116629 A CN 99116629A CN 1120609 C CN1120609 C CN 1120609C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- frame
- ethernet
- pdh
- synchronous digital
- digital hierarchy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to an adaption method for integrating Ethernet with a quasi-synchronous digital hierarchy. The adaption method realizes the application integration and adaption among series group networks of Ethernet (IEEE802.3), fast Ethernet (IEEE802.3u) and gigabit Ethernet (IEEE802.3z) by defining basic parameters of an integrated physical layer of the Ethernet and a quasi-synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH), link access procedures (LAPP) of the quasi-synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH), a synchronous bit-oriented framing method and a unidentified information transmitting service mode (UITS).
Description
Technical field
The data that the present invention relates to Ethernet/Fast Ethernet/gigabit Ethernet transmit the field, comprise public network and private network, it is a kind of adaptation method that is used for Ethernet and PDH (Pseudo-synchronous Digital Hierarchy) (english abbreviation PDH) fusion, be mainly used in and have Ethernet/Fast Ethernet/the core switch router and the edge switch router of gigabit ethernet interface, high low side Ethernet switch, Ethernet/Fast Ethernet/gigabit Ethernet access device, user side integrated access equipment and interconnecting and interworking equipment relevant etc. with internet.
Background technology
Consult interrelated data, up to the present also be not used in the standard compliant adaptation method that Ethernet and PDH (Pseudo-synchronous Digital Hierarchy) merge, adopt " point-to-point protocol " (english abbreviation PPP) to add " high-level data link rules " (english abbreviation HDLC), at internet engineering duty group (english abbreviation IETF), it is defined as (code name) RFC1619 (RFC is the request comment, English Request ForComments).But, just come with some shortcomings and defective if it is adaptive that " point-to-point protocol " (english abbreviation PPP) added that " high-level data link rules " (english abbreviation HDLC) is used for the fusion of Ethernet/Fast Ethernet/gigabit Ethernet and SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy) (english abbreviation SDH).Mainly show:
(1) whole application scheme does not have unified international standard support, and the equipment that causes different manufacturers can't be unified when interconnected on public network or private network;
(2) for per second 2.5 gigabits and above speed thereof, hardware forwarding part expense is too big during development equipment, being used for " internet protocol (english abbreviation IP) is directly at wavelength division multiplexing optical cable net (english abbreviation IP over WDM) " goes up when moving, all the more so, because the RFC1619 regulation: recommend to use " LCP (english abbreviation LCP) " and magic number (English is expressed as Magic Number).These two more complicated;
When (3) adopting RFC1619, because PPP need connect, the default value of retransmission timer is decided to be 3 seconds in PPP.For high-speed link, this method is too blunt.Use for concrete engineering, should require to support speed range all (differing from 4032 times approximately) from per second 2 megabits to per second 10000 megabits.So the value of retransmission timer should be determined according to the time delay that circuit comes and goes.These are not all made stipulations in RFC 1619, thereby uncertainty can occur when the apparatus interconnection of different manufacturers;
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is, improved, and propose and design the adaptation method of the Ethernet that is applicable to various situations and PDH (Pseudo-synchronous Digital Hierarchy) fusion at deficiency and defective that prior art exists.Conception of the present invention is the PDH Link Access Procedure (english abbreviation LAPP) that only keeps byte-oriented between Ethernet protocol and PDH (Pseudo-synchronous Digital Hierarchy) (english abbreviation PDH), replace address field with many service access points, the encapsulation of realization multi-protocols, the whole speed ranges that (comprise cascade) from the Lower Order Virtual Container to the higher order virtual container can be provided, also be particularly suitable for packet switch interface, without any the uncertainty of agreement based on light.
Technical solution of the present invention:
A kind of data transmission method that is used for Ethernet and PDH (Pseudo-synchronous Digital Hierarchy) fusion comprises the following steps: to receive packet from Ethernet, converts packet to first kind frame; Described first kind frame is packaged into the frame format of address field, the control field that comprises beginning flag, contains the SAPI identifier, the information field that comprises described packet, Frame Check Sequence field and termination flag, forms the second class frame; The described second class frame is encapsulated into payload part, and inserts corresponding expense, form the 3rd class frame; Described the 3rd class frame is outputed to PDH (Pseudo-synchronous Digital Hierarchy) equipment.
The beginning flag of the described second class frame and termination flag are " 0x7E ", and the value of control field is " 0x03 ", utilize generator polynomial 1+X+X
2+ X
4+ X
5+ X
7+ X
8+ X
10+ X
11+ X
12+ X
16+ X
22+ X
23+ X
26+ X
32, the second class frame all bits except that beginning flag, termination flag and Frame Check Sequence field are carried out verification, detect frame and in transmission course, whether go wrong.For the second class frame, the termination flag of former frame is the beginning flag of adjacent frame subsequently.Can between the second class frame, send one or more continuous byte of paddings.Described first kind frame is a mac frame, and the described second class frame is PDH Link Access Procedure (LAPP) frame, and described the 3rd class frame is the PDH frame.Described Ethernet is IEEE802.3 or IEEE802.3u or IEEE802.3z.
The physical layer basic parameter that this invention merges by definition Ethernet and PDH (Pseudo-synchronous Digital Hierarchy) (english abbreviation PDH), PDH (Pseudo-synchronous Digital Hierarchy) (english abbreviation PDH) Link Access Procedure (english abbreviation LAPP) provides service primitive and parameter to MAC sublayer (english abbreviation MAC), synchronous bit-oriented framing method, do not confirm formula information transfer service pattern (UITS), and with PDH Link Access Procedure (LAPP), solve fusion between Ethernet and the PDH (Pseudo-synchronous Digital Hierarchy) (PDH) and adaptive, this invention can realize Ethernet (IEEE802.3), the serial networking of Fast Ethernet (IEEE802.3u) and gigabit Ethernet (IEEE802.3z) is used.
The basic parameter of the physical layer that Ethernet and PDH (Pseudo-synchronous Digital Hierarchy) (PDH) merge, wherein, the parameter of all kinds of speed grade of PDH (Pseudo-synchronous Digital Hierarchy) is:
Its speed of E1 is that 2048 kilobits/second are encoded to HDB3
Its speed of E3 is that 34368 kilobits/second are encoded to HDB3
Its speed of E1 is that 139264 kilobits/second are encoded to CMI
Its speed of T1 is that 1544 kilobits/second are encoded to AMI or B8ZS
Its speed of T2 is that 6312 kilobits/second are encoded to AMI or B6ZS or B8ZS
Its speed of T3 is that 44736 kilobits/second are encoded to B3ZS
PDH (Pseudo-synchronous Digital Hierarchy) (PDH) Link Access Procedure (LAPP) provides service primitive and parameter to MAC sublayer (MAC), and they are respectively:
DL-UNACK-DATA asks (user data)
" data link-do not confirm-data " primitive is represented in DL-UNACK-DATA indication (user data) wherein DL-UNACK-DATA, and it has request (Request) and indication (Indication) two classes; User data is corresponding to a parameter, promptly mac frame do as a whole, when sending as the parameter maps of primitive to the LAPP link layer; At the LAPP link layer, user data or the information field of the mac frame that shines upon as LAPP, wherein, the user data maximum is 1,600 eight hytes, keeps its original order and value constant when the LAPP framing.
Synchronous bit-oriented framing method, wherein, each frame all stops with the 0x7e initial sum, the link entity of transmitting terminal should be checked the content between the initial sum termination flag during sending, comprise address field, control field, information field and FCS field, concrete mode is as follows, all LAPP frames all stop with binary code " 01111110 " initial sum, being located immediately at address field sign before is beginning flag, immediately following Frame Check Sequence (FCS) afterwards be masked as termination flag, in some applications, termination flag also can be used as the beginning flag of next frame, all receiving ends should be able to receive one or more continuous signs, fill with sign between frame and frame; Address field is made up of one eight hyte, the order of bit arrangement is that lowest order is at rightmost, it is bit 1, highest order is at Far Left, it is bit 8, address field is used as service access point identifier (SAPI), finish the encapsulation of LAPP to all upper-layer protocols, at receiving terminal, determine it is any agreement according to the value of this field, hexadecimal number " 1c " expression is to the encapsulation (also can use other value) based on Ethernet/Fast Ethernet/gigabit Ethernet business, and as broadcast address, other also has 251 values to give over to use in the future " 255 "; Control field is made up of one eight hyte, and its value is 0x03, and all frames all use as command frame, seeks/stops bit and be made as 0, and other value keeps when function expands in the future to be used; Information field is a user data, immediately following after control field, eight hytes by integral multiple are formed, when media access control sublayer has mac frame to send, at first call " DL-UNACK-DATA asks (user data) " primitive, shine upon " the whole M AC frame " that get off " information field " as LAPP with this primitive, at receiving terminal, media access control sublayer utilization " DL-UNACK-DATA indicates (user data) " primitive receives " information field " that LAPP transfers frame as media access control sublayer; The afterbody of each frame comprises the Frame Check Sequence of one 32 bit, be used for checking issuable mistake when frame passes through link transmission, FCS is produced by transmit leg, its basic thought is to calculate the redundant code (being FCS) that produces 32 bits by the bit stream to be sent to completely random, invest the afterbody of frame, make to have correlation between frame and the FCS, whether destroyed at receiving terminal by this correlation of identification, detect frame and mistake whether occurred in transmission course, the FCS generator polynomial is:
G (x)=x
32+ x
26+ x
23+ x
22+ x
16+ x
12+ x
11+ x
10+ x
8+ x
7+ x
5+ x
4+ x
2+ x+1 computer capacity first after the opening flag of a frame is than rising abruptly, last bit before FCS ends, total bit number is m, as data polynomial Q (x), wherein also the reason transparency is transmitted the conversion (should not comprise that the needs because of the transparency insert eight hytes) that causes, FCS is the sequence of one 32 bit, its value be following two remainders mould 2 and radix-minus-one complement
----x
m* (x
31+ x
30+ x ... + x
2+ x+1)/remainder of G (x)
----x
32The FCS that the remainder of * Q (x)/G (x) produces said process adds Q (x) and sends afterwards, at receiving terminal, claims M (x) the whole bit sequences between two signs, is calculated as follows [x
(m+32)* (x
31+ x
30+ x ... + x
2+ x+1)+x
32* * M (x)]/G (x), wherein m+32 is the length of M (x) sequence, if M (x)=Q (x)+FCS then transmits zero defect, otherwise, just think that transmission has mistake; In frame structure, the bit arrangement of each eight hyte shows for level in proper order, the order of bit arrangement is that lowest order is rightmost (being bit 1), highest order is Far Left (being bit 8), a plurality of eight hytes are vertically arranged, uppermost eight hytes are numbered " 1 ", increase progressively successively and be " 2 " ... " N ", in this structure, a certain bit can be so that (o represents the serial number of eight hytes for o, b) sign, b is illustrated in the serial number of one eight hyte Nepit, send at first at one eight hyte Nepit 8, and in a frame structure, the sending order of eight hytes is 1,2 ... N (increasing progressively from small to large), but, 4 bytes of FCS are exceptions, are exactly specifically, 1 the bit of being numbered of the 1st eight hytes of FCS is highest orders of FCS long word, and 8 the bit of being numbered of the 4th eight hytes of FCS is lowest orders of FCS long word; The invalid frame of LAPP has following several:
1) by two frames that indicate the ill-considered demarcation that produces,
2) frame length of two signs is less than the frame of 6 eight hytes,
3) include fcs error,
4) service access point identifier (SAPI) does not match or the unsupported frame of receiving end,
5) include the frame of uncertain control field,
6) frame to finish more than 6 " 1 ", invalid frame will be dropped, and not notify transmit leg, also not produce any action.After FCS calculates and finishes, transmit leg will be checked two entire frame between the sign, if find that five continuous " 1 " are arranged, promptly automatically insert one " 0 " subsequently, at receiving terminal, and before calculating FCS, this " 0 " that deletion is automatically automatically inserted.
Do not confirm formula information transfer service pattern (UITS), have only a key element LAPP, do not have flow control, do not carry out any affirmation formula operation yet at the 2nd layer.
This invention can realize the serial networking application of Ethernet (IEEE802.3), Fast Ethernet (IEEE802.3u) and gigabit Ethernet (IEEE802.3z), specifically, when adopting this method PDH is transmitted as a bridge, two 10M/100M/1000M Ethernet switches (2 layers or 3 layers) that can connect wide apart, this programme both can have been supported the half-duplex mode of all kinds of Ethernets " anti-ask (CSMA/CD) of the carrier sense multichannel of band collision detection ", can support the full duplex mode of all kinds of Ethernets again.
Advantage of the present invention with respect to RFC1619, has following innovation:
(1) external at present indivedual manufacturers (are RFC 1619 according to the PPP over SONET/SDH that internet engineering duty group (english abbreviation IETF) proposes, SONET is meant the Synchronous Optical Network of North America) exploitation, with regard to RFC 1619 itself, link layer has PPP (point-to-point protocol) and two kinds of agreements of HDLC (high-level data link rules), more complicated, hardware spending was too big when it was used for the above speed of per second 2.5 gigabits, the present invention only adopts a LAPP key element by contrast, its complexity and HDLC are suitable, saved " LCP (english abbreviation LCP) " and magic number (English the is expressed as Magic Number) mechanism of the complexity among the PPP, the expense of used protocol adaptation reduces greatly;
(2) RFC 1619 is used for the fusion of Ethernet and PDH, does not still have standard support at present, when causing using this existing scheme with public network and private network, the equipment of different manufacturers is difficult to interconnection;
When (3) adopting RFC1619, because PPP need connect, the default value of retransmission timer is decided to be 3 seconds in PPP.For high-speed link, too blunt, use for concrete engineering, should require all to support to the speed range of per second 10000 megabits from per second 2 megabits, so the value of retransmission timer should be determined according to the time delay that circuit comes and goes, these are not all made stipulations in RFC 1619, thereby when the apparatus interconnection of different manufacturers uncertainty may appear, the present invention adopts and does not confirm formula information transfer service mode by contrast, do not need to connect, also do not need to use retransmission timer, the uncertainty of communicating by letter between any peer-entities can not occur, the application of the speed range from per second 2 megabits to per second 10000 megabits is all supported;
Generally, the present invention is with very letter refining, mode with cheapness solves the protocol adaptation of Ethernet to PDH efficiently, replace " point-to-point protocol (english abbreviation PPP) and two key elements of high-level data chain rules (english abbreviation HDLC), the types of applications of support Ethernet/Fast Ethernet/gigabit Ethernet with key element of PDH Link Access Procedure.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1, conception schematic diagram proposed by the invention
Fig. 2, the present invention are used for the protocol stack structure schematic diagram that accurate Synchronous Transfer Mode transmits the ethernet mac frame
Fig. 3, the protocol stack arrangement example schematic of networking of the present invention
Fig. 4, conciliation (Reconciliation) sublayer that is used for kilomegabit medium independent interface (GMII) and medium independent interface (MII) proposed by the invention and the graph of a relation between PDH Link Access Procedure (LAPP) and the PDH physical layer
Fig. 5, Gigabit Ethernet proposed by the invention and PDH adapting function key element composition diagram
Fig. 6, the primitive graph of a relation between MAC sublayer proposed by the invention, LAPP link layer and the physical layer
Fig. 7, the private network that ethernet frame proposed by the invention moves on PDH for example
Fig. 8, the public network that ethernet frame proposed by the invention moves on PDH are for example
Fig. 9, the far-end access network based on ethernet switch that ethernet frame proposed by the invention moves on PDH are for example
Embodiment
Below, embodiments of the invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Imagination proposed by the invention is mainly used in has Ethernet/Fast Ethernet/the core switch router of gigabit ethernet interface, the edge switch router, based on the height ethernet side switch of packet switch, user side Ethernet integrated access equipment and interconnecting and interworking equipment relevant etc. with Ethernet.Application framework of the present invention is seen Fig. 1, it is conception schematic diagram proposed by the invention, wherein IEEE802.3/802.3u/802.3z represents Ethernet/Fast Ethernet/gigabit Ethernet respectively, MAC represents medium access control, between media access control sublayer and PDH, adopt PDH Link Access Procedure (english abbreviation LAPP), physical layer adopts PDH (Pseudo-synchronous Digital Hierarchy) (PDH), mainly comprises all kinds of high-orders and low order group (T1/E1/T2/E2/T3/E3/E4).In this framework, the service access point that the LAPP link layer provides to media access control sublayer has only one, for the mac frame use of Ethernet/Fast Ethernet/gigabit Ethernet.Their service access point identifier (SAPI) is decimal number " 28 " (also can be other value).At the whole M AC of media access control sublayer frame, the parameter maps as primitive when sending arrives the LAPP link layer.At the LAPP link layer, the information field of the mac frame that shines upon as LAPP, its original size and order are constant; The LAPP link layer adopts does not confirm formula information transfer service (UITS), and it and PDH physical layer are also mutual with primitive and parameter by corresponding service access point.Fig. 2 is that the present invention is used for the protocol stack structure schematic diagram that PDH (Pseudo-synchronous Digital Hierarchy) is transmitted the ethernet mac frame, wherein below LAPP, two kinds of methods of putting into high-order and low order group are arranged, a kind of is that the LAPP frame is put into the low order group of PDH, the mode that low order group is interleave with bit is by the multiplexing high order group of advancing of the sign indicating number type of PDH, order according to the photoelectricity transmission section transmits again, then extracts the LAPP frame by opposite order at receiving terminal; Another kind is the LAPP frame to be put into directly to reflect establish into high order group, and the order according to the photoelectricity transmission section transmits again, then extracts the LAPP frame by opposite order at receiving terminal.The protocol stack arrangement example schematic of Fig. 3 networking of the present invention, its expression Ethernet interface inserts the inlet side of another one Ethernet and the protocol stack arrangement that goes out to hold gateway by PDH, LLC presentation logic controlling links sublayer wherein, MAC represents MAC sublayer, PDH represents PDH (Pseudo-synchronous Digital Hierarchy), LAN represents local area network (LAN), TCP represents transmission control protocol, UDP represents User Datagram Protoco (UDP), IPX represents Novell net procotol, and the fusion of " Ethernet Frame over PDH " expression Ethernet protocol and PDH (Pseudo-synchronous Digital Hierarchy) is at the gateway place, be furnished with PDH and MAC two class physical interfaces simultaneously, and that network layer remains Ipv4/Ipv6/IPX is constant.Fig. 4 is conciliation (Reconciliation) sublayer that is used for kilomegabit medium independent interface (GMII) and medium independent interface (MII) proposed by the invention and the graph of a relation between PDH Link Access Procedure (LAPP) and the PDH physical layer, wherein, PDH represents PDH (Pseudo-synchronous Digital Hierarchy), AUI represents to connect and bind unit interface, MDI represents medium independent interface, MII represents medium independent interface, GMII represents the kilomegabit medium independent interface, PLS represents physical layer signaling, PCS represents Physical Coding Sublayer, PMA represents that physical medium connects, PMD represents physical medium dependence (interface), in this graph of a relation, can distinguish configuration ethernet/Fast Ethernet/gigabit Ethernet three class physical interface series below the MAC function sublayer, and, then carry out adaptive to media access control sublayer and SDH physical layer by LAPP for the PDH side.What Fig. 5 described is Gigabit Ethernet and PDH adapting function key element composition diagram proposed by the invention, therein, for the PDH side, carry out adaptive by LAPP to media access control sublayer and PDH physical layer, for Gigabit Ethernet, can adopt two-wire or four-wire system cable interface, monomode fiber interface, multimode fiber interface and unshielded twisted pair interface.Fig. 6 is the primitive graph of a relation between MAC sublayer, LAPP link layer and the physical layer proposed by the invention, LAPP provides a service access point, its identifier value (SAPI) equals decimal number " 28 " and uses for Ethernet/Fast Ethernet/gigabit Ethernet, send mac frame to the LAPP link layer from media access control sublayer, use " DL-UNACK-DATA request " primitive, receive packet to media access control sublayer from the LAPP link layer, use " DL-UNACK-DATA indication " primitive; Between LAPP link layer and physical layer, from LAPP to the physical layer, use " PH-DATA request " primitive link setup, use " PH-DATA indication " primitive then to represent to send out the link setup indication to the LAPP link layer by physical layer, send out packet to physical layer from the LAPP link layer, use " PH-DATA request " primitive, receive packet to the LAPP link layer, use " PH-DATA indication " primitive from physical layer.Fig. 7 is that the private network that ethernet frame proposed by the invention moves on SDH is given an example, wherein ADM represents the add-drop multiplexer of SDH transmission equipment, utilize the PDH passage in this SDH ring, can link up two 10M/100M Ethernet 2 layer switch, in general, selected high-order preferably is not more than the actual Ethernet interface speed that is connected with low order group rate.Fig. 8 is that the public network that ethernet frame proposed by the invention moves on SDH is given an example, wherein ADM represents the add-drop multiplexer of SDH transmission equipment, utilize the PDH passage in this SDH ring, can link up two 100M/1000M Ethernet 3 layer switch, in general, the Ethernet interface speed that preferably connects of the speed of selected PDH passage greater than reality.Fig. 9 is that the far-end access network based on ethernet switch that ethernet frame proposed by the invention moves on PDH is given an example, in the practical application, can be made in this far-end access unit on the transmission equipment, realize far-end access network based on ethernet switch, wherein ADM represents the add-drop multiplexer of SDH transmission equipment.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of data transmission method that is used for Ethernet and PDH (Pseudo-synchronous Digital Hierarchy) fusion comprises the following steps:
Receive packet from Ethernet, convert packet to first kind frame; Described first kind frame is packaged into the frame format of address field, the control field that comprises beginning flag, contains the SAPI identifier, the information field that comprises described packet, Frame Check Sequence field and termination flag, forms the second class frame; The described second class frame is encapsulated into payload part, and inserts corresponding expense, form the 3rd class frame; Described the 3rd class frame is outputed to PDH (Pseudo-synchronous Digital Hierarchy) equipment.
2, a kind of data transmission method that is used for Ethernet and PDH (Pseudo-synchronous Digital Hierarchy) fusion according to claim 1, the beginning flag of the described second class frame and termination flag are " 0x7E ".
3, a kind of data transmission method that is used for Ethernet and PDH (Pseudo-synchronous Digital Hierarchy) fusion according to claim 1, the value of the control field of the described second class frame is " 0x03 ".
4, a kind of data transmission method that is used for Ethernet and PDH (Pseudo-synchronous Digital Hierarchy) fusion according to claim 1 also comprises calculation procedure, utilizes generator polynomial 1+X+X
2+ X
4+ X
5+ X
7+ X
8+ X
10+ X
11+ X
12+ X
16+ X
22+ X
23+ X
26+ X
32, the second class frame all bits except that beginning flag, termination flag and Frame Check Sequence field are carried out verification, detect frame and in transmission course, whether go wrong.
5, a kind of data transmission method that is used for Ethernet and PDH (Pseudo-synchronous Digital Hierarchy) fusion according to claim 1, the described second class frame former frame termination flag is the beginning flag of adjacent frame subsequently.
6, a kind of data transmission method that is used for Ethernet and PDH (Pseudo-synchronous Digital Hierarchy) fusion according to claim 1 sends one or more continuous byte of paddings between the second class frame.
7, a kind of data transmission method that is used for Ethernet and PDH (Pseudo-synchronous Digital Hierarchy) fusion according to claim 1, described first kind frame is a mac frame, and the described second class frame is PDH Link Access Procedure (LAPP) frame, and described the 3rd class frame is the PDH frame.
8, a kind of data transmission method that is used for Ethernet and PDH (Pseudo-synchronous Digital Hierarchy) fusion according to claim 1, described Ethernet is IEEE802.3 or IEEE802.3u or IEEE802.3z.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99116629A CN1120609C (en) | 1999-09-01 | 1999-09-01 | Adaption method for integrating Ethernet with quasi-synchronous digital system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99116629A CN1120609C (en) | 1999-09-01 | 1999-09-01 | Adaption method for integrating Ethernet with quasi-synchronous digital system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1248848A CN1248848A (en) | 2000-03-29 |
| CN1120609C true CN1120609C (en) | 2003-09-03 |
Family
ID=5279421
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99116629A Expired - Lifetime CN1120609C (en) | 1999-09-01 | 1999-09-01 | Adaption method for integrating Ethernet with quasi-synchronous digital system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1120609C (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4005974B2 (en) | 2004-01-09 | 2007-11-14 | 株式会社東芝 | COMMUNICATION DEVICE, COMMUNICATION METHOD, AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM |
| CN1728750B (en) * | 2004-07-27 | 2012-07-18 | 邓里文 | Method of packet voice communication |
| CN100407715C (en) * | 2004-12-17 | 2008-07-30 | 华为技术有限公司 | Device for realizing network fusion and its method |
| CN101552797B (en) * | 2008-03-31 | 2013-06-05 | 中国人民解放军信息工程大学 | System for realizing network system structure of service-oriented provision |
| US9763154B2 (en) | 2013-01-03 | 2017-09-12 | Intel Corporation | Apparatus and method for Cross-Carrier Quasi Co-Location Signaling in a new carrier type (NCT) wireless network |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5671227A (en) * | 1994-08-20 | 1997-09-23 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Transmission system for transmitting and detecting the beginning of the frame of a frame synchronized signal |
| CN1222797A (en) * | 1997-12-23 | 1999-07-14 | 阿尔卡塔尔公司 | Method and device for transmitting alarm signal for protection of connections in mixed synchronous (SDH) and plesiochronous (PDH)-type networks |
| CN1231922A (en) * | 1999-03-15 | 1999-10-20 | 刘文奎 | Medicine for treatment of cancer |
-
1999
- 1999-09-01 CN CN99116629A patent/CN1120609C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5671227A (en) * | 1994-08-20 | 1997-09-23 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Transmission system for transmitting and detecting the beginning of the frame of a frame synchronized signal |
| CN1222797A (en) * | 1997-12-23 | 1999-07-14 | 阿尔卡塔尔公司 | Method and device for transmitting alarm signal for protection of connections in mixed synchronous (SDH) and plesiochronous (PDH)-type networks |
| CN1231922A (en) * | 1999-03-15 | 1999-10-20 | 刘文奎 | Medicine for treatment of cancer |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1248848A (en) | 2000-03-29 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN1250294A (en) | Adaption method for fusion of Ethernet with synchronizing digital system or synchronizing optical network | |
| US7573916B1 (en) | Multi-function high-speed network interface | |
| JP4852963B2 (en) | Transmission equipment | |
| US7002967B2 (en) | Multi-protocol networking processor with data traffic support spanning local, regional and wide area networks | |
| CN1246012A (en) | Adaptation method for making internet be compatible with synchronous digital system | |
| US8416770B2 (en) | Universal service transport transitional encoding | |
| US20010024457A1 (en) | Encoding signaling information at a physical layer of a network protocol | |
| JP2003501873A (en) | High-speed Ethernet based on SONET technology | |
| EP1648133B1 (en) | A method for encapsulating data stream | |
| US20130188655A1 (en) | Encapsulation of data | |
| CN1120609C (en) | Adaption method for integrating Ethernet with quasi-synchronous digital system | |
| CN1311673C (en) | Method for transmitting multi-protocol tag exchange protocol data unit | |
| JP2000115251A (en) | Method and device for transmitting internet protocol packet in optical fiber network | |
| CN1138392C (en) | Adaptation method of fusing giga Ethernet and band dividing and sharing system | |
| CN1246013A (en) | Frame encapsulation of adaptation method for making internet be compatible with synchronous digital system | |
| CN1134955C (en) | Vertical package of adaption method for integrating internet with quasi-synchronous digital system | |
| US7953106B2 (en) | Transmission apparatus | |
| CN1787514A (en) | Method for transmitting and receiving network managing information and controlling signalling information | |
| CN1136707C (en) | Adaption method for integrating internet with sychronous optical network | |
| KR20030018445A (en) | Method and Apparatus for Internet Protocol Translation using NAT-PT | |
| CN1136706C (en) | Adaption method for integrating Internet with quasi-synchronous digital system | |
| CN1134957C (en) | Vertical package of adaption method for integrating internet with wave length division multiplexing system | |
| CN1136708C (en) | Vertical package of adaption method for integrating internet with synchronous optical network | |
| CN1134956C (en) | Adaption method for integrating internet with wave length division multiplexing system | |
| JP2007336472A (en) | Ethernet(r) communicating system relaying control signal |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20030903 |