CN113670240A - System and method for acquiring size of measurement object and application - Google Patents
System and method for acquiring size of measurement object and application Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/32—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
Abstract
The invention discloses a system, a method and application for acquiring the size of a measured object, which solve the problems of high difficulty and labor waste in acquiring large size of a vehicle body in the prior art, have the beneficial effects of convenience in acquiring large size data of the vehicle body and higher measurement accuracy, and have the following specific schemes: an acquisition system for measuring the dimensions of an object, comprising a pointing tool for contacting a measuring point at the object to be measured; the measuring equipment is used for acquiring the space coordinates of the measuring points drawn by the drawing tool; the measuring device is connected with the storage device and used for inputting the space coordinates of each stroke point to the computing unit; the calculation unit constructs a measurement coordinate system, constructs a straight line by the spatial coordinates of part of the measurement points and obtains a distance between one of the measurement points and the constructed straight line, or constructs a plane to obtain a distance between one of the measurement points and the constructed plane, or constructs two planes to obtain a distance between the two planes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of size measurement, in particular to a system and a method for acquiring the size of a measurement object and application of the system and the method.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
In the prior art, various dimensions of a plurality of measurement objects such as a vehicle body need to be obtained, in the prior art, the measurement is usually performed by using tools such as a traditional sliding pull rod ruler, a tape measure and a deflectometer, two persons are needed to cooperate for operation, measured data is recorded and filed through manual paper, and the traditional measurement method cannot ensure measurement precision, particularly repeated measurement precision; the prior art also has some laser range finders, and the laser range finders are higher in measurement accuracy compared with manual measurement, but the repeated measurement accuracy of the laser range finders cannot meet the use requirement due to the measurement mode, and the repeated measurement accuracy is about +/-5 mm and cannot meet the repeated measurement accuracy (+/-1 mm) required by some measurement objects when the laser range finders are used for measurement at present.
In addition, in the production process of the railway vehicle body, more sizes need to be detected, wherein the large sizes of the white body (aluminum alloy body) comprise the length, the height, the width, the diagonal line, the deflection and the like of the body, and the conventional measuring tool cannot achieve the repeated measuring accuracy required by the railway vehicle.
The inventor also finds that the measurement result of the existing measurement tool is influenced by manual skill, different people perform measurement, and the measurement result has deviation, so that the accuracy of the measurement result is unreliable.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, a first object of the present invention is to provide a system for acquiring the size of a measurement object, which can improve the precision and accuracy of the measurement result.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a method for acquiring the size of a measured object, which can realize the acquisition of the height, length, width, diagonal line, deflection and other sizes of a vehicle body.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an acquisition system for measuring a dimension of an object, comprising:
a scribing tool for contacting the measuring point at the object to be measured;
the measuring equipment is used for acquiring the space coordinates of the measuring points drawn by the drawing tool;
the measuring device is connected with the storage device and used for inputting the space coordinates of each stroke point to the computing unit;
the calculation unit constructs a measurement coordinate system, constructs a straight line by the spatial coordinates of part of the measurement points and obtains a distance between one of the measurement points and the constructed straight line, or constructs a plane to obtain a distance between one of the measurement points and the constructed plane, or constructs two planes to obtain a distance between the two planes.
In the acquisition system, the point drawing tool can contact an object to be measured, the measuring equipment can acquire the space coordinate of the measuring point drawn by the point drawing tool and send the space coordinate to the storage equipment, and the storage equipment calculation unit can construct a plane and a straight line according to the space coordinate of the measuring point, so that the distance between the point and the straight line or between the point and the plane or between the plane and the plane is acquired, and related data is acquired.
According to the acquisition system for the size of the measured object, the scribing tool is an optical pen with a gem measuring head, so that the measuring equipment can effectively capture the space coordinates of the scribed measuring point.
An acquisition system for measuring the dimensions of an object as described above, the measuring device being a three-coordinate measuring machine.
An acquisition system for a measurement object size as described above, the calculation unit takes an imaging coordinate system of the measurement apparatus as a measurement coordinate system in consideration of the measurement apparatus having a measurement coordinate system.
In order to realize the integration of the acquisition system and facilitate the movement and measurement, the acquisition system for the size of the measurement object further comprises a movable rack, wherein the rack is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves, one clamping groove is used for placing an optical pen, the other clamping groove is used for placing measurement equipment, and the rack also supports the storage equipment to realize the organic integration of each measurement tool;
the frame is movably provided with a cover plate at the outer sides of the clamping groove and the storage device.
In a second aspect, the invention further provides a method for acquiring the size of the measurement object, and the system for acquiring the size of the measurement object is adopted.
In a third aspect, the invention further provides an application of the acquisition system for the size of the measured object, which is used for acquiring the white body of the railway vehicle and the large size of the body of the railway vehicle.
A vehicle body height acquisition method adopts the acquisition system for the dimension of a measurement object, and comprises the following contents:
the point drawing tool contacts with the measuring points of the top plate of the car body in the longitudinal section and then sequentially contacts with n measuring points of the bottom plate of the car body, wherein n is more than or equal to 3;
the measuring equipment acquires the space coordinates of the measuring points and sends the space coordinates to the computing unit of the storage equipment;
the calculation unit constructs a plane through the n measuring points of the vehicle body bottom plate, and obtains the distance between the measuring point of the vehicle body top plate and the constructed plane, namely the vehicle body height of the longitudinal section. .
The method for acquiring the vehicle body deflection adopts the system for acquiring the dimension of the measured object, and comprises the following steps:
the marking tool is contacted with one or two measuring points at one position end, one or two measuring points at the two position end and a measuring point at the middle section of the vehicle body;
the measuring equipment acquires the space coordinates of the measuring points and sends the space coordinates to the computing unit of the storage equipment;
the calculation unit constructs a plane through three measuring points of the first-position end and the second-position end of the vehicle body, and obtains the distance between the measuring point of the middle section of the vehicle body and the constructed plane, namely the deflection of the vehicle body.
A vehicle body width acquisition method adopts the acquisition system for the dimension of a measurement object, and comprises the following contents:
in the set section of the vehicle body, the marking tool contacts one measuring point on one position side or two position sides of the vehicle body and then contacts two measuring points on the two position sides or one position side;
the measuring equipment acquires the space coordinates of the measuring points and sends the space coordinates to the computing unit of the storage equipment;
the calculation unit constructs a straight line through two measuring points on the two position sides or the one position side of the vehicle body, and further obtains the distance between the measuring point on the one position side or the two position side and the constructed straight line, namely obtains the width of the vehicle body in the set section.
A method for acquiring the diagonal length of a vehicle body adopts the system for acquiring the dimension of a measured object, and comprises the following steps:
at the position of a set longitudinal section of the vehicle body, a point marking tool contacts with a measuring point on a side edge beam at one position or a side edge beam at two positions of the vehicle body, and two measuring points on the upper part of the side wall at two positions or the upper part of the side wall at one position are arranged at the diagonal position;
the measuring equipment acquires the space coordinates of the measuring points and sends the space coordinates to the computing unit of the storage equipment;
the calculation unit constructs a straight line through two measuring points on the two-position side edge beam or the one-position side edge beam at the diagonal position, and further obtains the distance between the measuring point on the one-position side wall or the two-position side wall of the vehicle body and the constructed straight line, namely the length of the diagonal line of the vehicle body in the set longitudinal section.
A method for acquiring the length of a vehicle body adopts the system for acquiring the size of a measured object, and comprises the following steps:
the scribing tool is in contact with n measuring points at one position end and m measuring points at the two position end of the vehicle body, wherein m is more than or equal to 3, and n is more than or equal to 3;
the measuring equipment acquires the space coordinates of the measuring points and sends the space coordinates to the computing unit of the storage equipment;
the calculation unit constructs a first plane through n measuring points at the first position end of the vehicle body, constructs a second plane through m measuring points at the second position end of the vehicle body, and further obtains the distance between the first plane and the second plane, namely obtains the length of the vehicle body.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1) according to the invention, the acquisition of the space coordinates of the measuring points can be realized through the provision of the whole acquisition system, then the calculation unit can directly calculate the required related data, the whole measuring result is not influenced by manual skills, namely the measuring results of anyone are the same, the accuracy and precision of the measuring result are fully improved, the measuring operation can be completed by only one person, and the working efficiency is effectively improved; and the whole is to construct a straight line or a plane by obtaining the space coordinates of the measuring points, and further, the unique distance from the corresponding points to the line or from the points to the plane or from the plane to the plane is determined, so that the repeated measurement accuracy of the measuring object such as a white automobile body can be effectively ensured.
2) The invention provides the measuring method, the measuring steps are simple, the measured data can be directly electronically filed, the utilization degree of the measured data is high, the automatic statistics and analysis of historical data can be realized, and the vehicle body adjustment and repair and the optimization of a tolerance zone are reversely guided, so that the balance of the manufacturing quality and the manufacturing cost is realized.
3) The optical pen is used as a point marking tool and can be effectively matched with measuring equipment, and the measuring equipment can effectively capture the space coordinate of a marked measuring point and transmit the space coordinate to a computer.
4) In the process of acquiring part of the relevant data of the vehicle body, the vehicle body is provided with a plurality of longitudinal sections, so that the relevant data can be acquired repeatedly, and the requirement of vehicle body measurement is met.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
Fig. 1 is a flow diagram of the operation of an acquisition system for measuring dimensions of an object in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a longitudinal cross-section of a vehicle body according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an acquisition system for measuring dimensions of an object according to one or more embodiments of the present invention integrated into a vehicle frame.
Wherein: 1. the device comprises a frame, 2 parts of a cover plate, 3 parts of armrests, 4 parts of wheels and 5 parts of side doors.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and/or "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the invention expressly state otherwise, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof;
as introduced in the background art, the problems of low accuracy and labor waste in measuring large-size data of a vehicle body exist in the prior art, and in order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a system and a method for acquiring the size of a measured object and application of the system and the method.
Example one
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, an acquisition system for measuring a size of an object includes:
a scribing tool for contacting the measuring point at the object to be measured;
the measuring equipment is used for acquiring the space coordinates of the measuring points drawn by the drawing tool;
the measuring device is connected with the storage device and used for inputting the space coordinates of each stroke point to the computing unit;
the calculation unit constructs a measurement coordinate system, constructs a straight line by the spatial coordinates of part of the measurement points and obtains a distance between one of the measurement points and the constructed straight line, or constructs a plane to obtain a distance between one of the measurement points and the constructed plane, or constructs two planes to obtain a distance between the two planes.
The plurality of measuring points can form a straight line characteristic or a plane characteristic, and the calculation of the point-plane distance and the point-line distance can be realized by the calculating unit.
In some examples, the storage device is a computer, such as a laptop computer, and the computer has a display screen, which can be installed in the workshop and displays the relevant information of the computing unit through the display screen.
Further, the measuring device selects a three-coordinate measuring instrument, specifically a portable three-coordinate measuring instrument, and can acquire the space coordinate.
In this embodiment, the scribing tool selects a light pen having a ruby probe, specifically a ruby probe, and the ruby probe is brought into contact with the measuring point, and the measuring device can capture the posture of the light pen and determine the spatial coordinate of the measuring point.
And constructing a measurement coordinate system:
before each measurement, a measurement coordinate system needs to be constructed, all measurement elements are input into the measurement coordinate system, and then the measurement elements are analyzed and calculated uniformly.
According to the acquisition system, all measurement processes are based on the measurement equipment, and the measurement equipment selects the three-coordinate measuring instrument, so that an imaging coordinate system in the three-coordinate measuring instrument is used as a default measurement coordinate system.
In the present embodiment, taking the collection of the large size of the white body of the rail vehicle as an example, the following will be explained:
wherein, for the measuring device, the distance between the point and the point is obtained by the following formula:
each measurement point being represented by a three-dimensional coordinate value, e.g. N1(X1,Y1,Z1)，N2(X2,Y2,Z2)。
The distance between two points is calculated by the formula:
distance between point and line:
to measure the distance between a point and a line, a straight line is first constructed.
The construction of the straight line is done by two points in three-dimensional space. Namely N1(X1,Y1,Z1) And N2(X2,Y2,Z2) The straight line L constructed is:
point N (X)0,Y0,Z0) Foot N hanging from line LC(XC,YC,ZC) The method comprises the following steps:
XC＝(X2-X1)*t+X1
YC＝(Y2-Y1)*t+Y1
ZC＝(Z2-Z1)*t+Z1
the distance d from point N to line L is:
according to the distance formula from the point N to the line L, the spatial position information of three points is obtained on the white body of the railway vehicle through the light pen, and the vehicle width can be measured.
Specifically, the method comprises the steps of obtaining a distance from a point to a line segment, namely a straight line, sequentially contacting a measuring point on one position side (or two position sides) of a body in white through a light pen, obtaining space coordinates of the measuring point through measuring equipment on the two position sides (or one position sides), transmitting coordinate information to a computer, obtaining the space coordinates of the measuring point through a computing unit in the computer, and obtaining a distance d from a point N to a line L through a formula (2), namely the vehicle width of the rail vehicle.
It should be noted that the one-position side and the two-position side of the body-in-white refer to both sides in the width direction of the body-in-white.
For the diagonal line of the body-in-white, which is also the distance from a point to a line segment, in the longitudinal section of the body-in-white, a light pen is sequentially contacted with a measuring point on a side beam on one position or a side beam on two positions of the body-in-white, two measuring points on the upper part of the side wall on the two positions or the upper part of the side wall on one position at the diagonal position are obtained, a measuring camera is used for obtaining the space coordinate of the measuring point and transmitting the coordinate information to a computer, a computing unit in the computer is used for obtaining the space coordinate of the measuring point, and the distance d from the point N to the line L is obtained through a formula (2), so that the length of the diagonal line of the body-in-white of the rail vehicle can be obtained.
Distance between points and faces:
point N (X)0,Y0,Z0) To point N1(X1,Y1,Z1)、N2(X2,Y2,Z2) N3(X3, Y3, Z3) is:
N1、N2、N3the plane formed by the three points is:
AX+BY+CZ+D＝0
A＝Y1*(Z2-Z3)+Y2*(Z3-Z1)+Y3*(Z1-Z2)
B＝Z1*(X2-X3)+Z2*(X3-X1)+Z3*(X1-X2)
C＝X1*(Y2-Y3)+X2*(Y3-Y1)+X3*(Y1-Y2)
D＝-X1*(Y2Z3-Y3Z2)-X2*(Y3Z1-Y1Z3)-X3*(Y1Z2-Y2Z1)
the distance between the points and the faces is therefore:
taking the body-in-white height as an example, the distance from a point to a finite plane also needs to be acquired, the finite plane is determined by the body-in-white floor through three points through a plurality of measuring points of the body-in-white roof and the body-in-white floor, and the distance from the body-in-white roof to the effective plane of the body-in-white floor is directly acquired by the calculation unit through the distance formula between the points and the surface, so that the body-in-white height is acquired.
Of course, in some examples, by dividing 4 measurement points on the vehicle body bottom plate, the longitudinal coordinates of the 4 measurement points are the same, and taking three of the measurement points can determine the limited plane where the vehicle body bottom plate is located.
Similarly, for the measurement of the white body deflection, the distance from the point to the finite plane also needs to be acquired, and by acquiring two measurement points at the primary end, two measurement points at the secondary end and one measurement point at the middle section of the white body, the calculation unit directly acquires the distance from the measurement point at the middle section of the white body to the effective plane where the measurement points at the primary end and the secondary end of the white body are located through the distance formula between the points and the plane, so as to acquire the white body deflection.
It should be explained that the first and second body-in-white ends are located at the respective ends of the body-in-white of the rail vehicle.
The method comprises the steps of obtaining one measuring point of one side window and three measuring points of the end wall aiming at the white vehicle body end window distance and the white door and window distance of the railway vehicle and the same vehicle height, and calculating the distance between the side window measuring point and a plane constructed by the three measuring points of the end wall by a calculating unit according to the end window distance and the distance between the end wall and the side window, wherein the measuring points are respectively taken from the upper side and the lower side of the side window in consideration of the measuring accuracy, so that the two-side measurement is realized, and the method has one-position side, two-position side and two-position end walls in consideration of the vehicle body structure, and eight times of measurement are totally carried out.
For the distance between the door and the window, the distance between the same side window of the side door is substantially the same as the distance between the point and the surface, one measuring point of one side window is obtained, three measuring points of the side door close to the side edge of the side window are obtained, the calculating unit calculates the distance between the side window measuring point and the plane constructed by the three measuring points of the side door, and the distance is measured eight times in consideration of the structure of the vehicle body.
In addition, the calculating unit can also obtain the distance from the surface to the surface, and the formula of the distance from the surface to the surface (two surfaces which are parallel to each other, and the distance between the two surfaces and the perpendicular line is the distance between the two surfaces) is the prior art.
Aiming at the length of a white car body, three or four measuring points at a primary end and a secondary end of a rail car are sequentially contacted through a light pen, the transverse coordinates of a plurality of measuring points at the primary end are the same, the transverse coordinates of a plurality of measuring points at the corresponding secondary end are also the same, planes can be respectively determined by the plurality of measuring points at the primary end or the secondary end, the two planes are mutually parallel, and the calculating unit directly obtains the length of the white car body through a distance formula between the planes.
In addition, an acquisition system for the size of a measurement object comprises a rack 1, as shown in fig. 3, a plurality of wheels 4 are arranged at the bottom of the rack 1, the rack 1 can be driven to travel by the wheels 4, a plurality of clamping grooves are arranged at the top of the rack 1, one clamping groove is used for placing a light pen, and the other clamping groove is used for placing measurement equipment; frame 1 sets up the computer in one side of draw-in groove, and the computer has aforementioned computational unit, and 1 top of frame sets up apron 2 respectively in draw-in groove and computer top, and apron 2 can be opened for frame 1, realizes acquisition system's integration from this, has greatly promoted acquisition system's convenience, is favorable to improving work efficiency, and overall efficiency promotes 40% earlier.
In consideration of the fact that the rack supports precision equipment, a computer, measuring equipment and a light pen, in the moving process of the rack, vibration generated on the rack needs to be reduced as much as possible, in the embodiment, at least 6 wheels are adopted, preferably 6 wheels are adopted, and the 6 wheels are arranged on two sides of the bottom of the rack in two rows, so that in the moving process of the rack, if a groove is met, at least 4 wheels are arranged on the outer side of the groove, the shaking of the rack is effectively reduced, and the use precision of the computer, the measuring equipment and the light pen is guaranteed.
The cover plate above the computer or the clamping groove comprises two halves, one side of each of the two halves of the cover plate is hinged with the rack, and the other side of each of the two halves of the cover plate is provided with the existing switch lock to realize the locking of the two halves of the cover plate.
It will be appreciated that in use the measuring apparatus is supported by the tripod and therefore the side of the stand is provided with a switch door to facilitate placing the tripod in the stand for storage.
Correspondingly, the frame is through the curb plate of switch door, apron and other side settings of frame for collection system is confined, in addition, considers that the computer needs to be connected with the display screen, simultaneously, still needs external power supply, so one of them side plate setting of frame can be for the side door 5 that the frame was opened, and the side door can set up one or two, opens the side door, can realize the computer with being connected of display screen or the computer with external power supply's connection.
In addition, in order to facilitate the movement of the frame, at least one side of the frame is provided with an armrest 3.
The computer can be connected with a display screen installed in a workshop, when a large size of a vehicle body needs to be collected, the collection can be carried out as long as the rack is moved, the computer is opened, the light pen and the measuring equipment are taken out, as shown in figure 1, after the collection is finished, the computing unit is provided with a data storage module and a statistical analysis module, the real-time storage of the collected data can be realized, paperless archiving is realized, the data analysis can also be realized, the automatic statistics and analysis of historical data can be realized, the vehicle body adjustment and repair and the optimization of tolerance bands are reversely guided, and the balance of the manufacturing quality and the manufacturing cost is realized.
When different vehicle types are switched, the basic information of the measuring item points, the basic information of the vehicle types, the personnel information, the equipment information, the production workshop information and the like are put into a folder of the computer in a tabular form, and then reading and selecting can be carried out.
It can be understood that the system for acquiring the size of the measurement object provided by the embodiment can be used for not only acquiring the large size of the body-in-white of the rail vehicle, but also acquiring the large size of the body of the rail vehicle, and also acquiring the relevant size of other measurement objects.
Example two
A method for acquiring the size of a measurement object, which adopts the system for acquiring the size of the measurement object described in the first embodiment.
EXAMPLE III
A method for acquiring the height of a vehicle body adopts an acquisition system for the size of a measured object, which comprises the following steps:
providing a rail vehicle body-in-white or body with a plurality of longitudinal sections, as shown with reference to fig. 2, as five longitudinal sections;
the point drawing tool contacts with the measuring points of the body-in-white or the body top plate in the longitudinal section and then sequentially contacts with n measuring points of the body-in-white or the body bottom plate, wherein n is more than or equal to 3;
the measuring equipment acquires the space coordinates of the measuring points and sends the space coordinates to the computing unit of the storage equipment;
the calculation unit constructs a plane through n measuring points of the body-in-white or the vehicle body bottom plate, and obtains the distance between the measuring points of the body-in-white or the vehicle body top plate and the constructed plane, namely the height of the body-in-white or the vehicle body in the longitudinal section;
and repeating the measurement for multiple times to obtain the body-in-white height or the body height of different longitudinal sections.
Referring to fig. 2, five of the longitudinal sections may be specifically located in the body-in-white or in the middle section of the body, between the side doors and the side windows.
Here, it is understood that the body height in white, i.e., the vehicle body height: the vertical distance between the longitudinal center line of the body top plate in white and the bottom plate, wherein the longitudinal center line of the body top plate in white is marked in the production process, and the floor is a plane.
Example four
A method for acquiring vehicle body deflection adopts an acquisition system for measuring the size of an object, which comprises the following steps:
the point drawing tool is contacted with one or two measuring points at the first position end, one or two measuring points at the second position end and measuring points at the middle section of the body-in-white or the body;
the measuring equipment acquires the space coordinates of the measuring points and sends the space coordinates to the computing unit of the storage equipment;
the calculating unit constructs a plane through three measuring points of the white body or the primary end and the secondary end of the body, and obtains the distance between the measuring point of the white body or the middle section of the body and the constructed plane, namely the white body or the body deflection is obtained.
Wherein the body-in-white or body deflection refers to the vertical displacement of the body-in-white or body ends relative to the center.
EXAMPLE five
A vehicle body width acquisition method adopts an acquisition system for measuring the size of an object, which comprises the following steps:
providing the rail vehicle body in white or the body with a plurality of longitudinal sections, for example five longitudinal sections;
in the set longitudinal section, the marking tool contacts a measuring point on one position side or two position sides of the vehicle body, and two measuring points on the two position sides or one position side;
the measuring equipment acquires the space coordinates of the measuring points and sends the space coordinates to the computing unit of the storage equipment;
the calculation unit constructs a straight line through two measurement points on the body-in-white or the two-position side or the one-position side of the body, and further obtains the distance between the measurement point on the one-position side or the two-position side and the constructed straight line, namely the width of the body-in-white or the body in the set section;
and repeating the measurement for multiple times to obtain the body-in-white or the body width dimension of different longitudinal sections.
The body-in-white or body width refers to the transverse width of the body-in-white or body of the rail vehicle, except for the body-in-white or body where there is a chamfer.
EXAMPLE six
A method for acquiring the diagonal length of a vehicle body adopts an acquisition system for the dimension of a measured object, which comprises the following steps:
providing a rail vehicle body-in-white or a body with a plurality of longitudinal sections, such as five longitudinal sections;
at the position of a set longitudinal section of the body-in-white or the body, a point marking tool contacts with measuring points on a side beam at one position or a side beam at two positions of the body-in-white or the body, and two measuring points on the upper parts of the side walls at two positions or the upper part of the side wall at one position at the diagonal position;
the measuring equipment acquires the space coordinates of the measuring points and sends the space coordinates to the computing unit of the storage equipment;
the calculation unit constructs a straight line through two measuring points on the two-position side edge beam or the one-position side edge beam at the diagonal position, and further obtains the distance between the measuring points on the body-in-white or the one-position side wall of the body and the constructed straight line, namely the length of the body-in-white or the diagonal line of the body in the set longitudinal section;
and repeating the measurement for multiple times to obtain multiple groups of body-in-white or body diagonal lengths of different longitudinal sections.
EXAMPLE seven
A method for acquiring the length of a vehicle body adopts an acquisition system for the size of a measured object, which comprises the following steps:
the point drawing tool is contacted with the white vehicle body or n measuring points at the first position end of the vehicle body, m measuring points at the second position end, wherein m is more than or equal to 3, and n is more than or equal to 3;
the measuring equipment acquires the space coordinates of the measuring points and sends the space coordinates to the computing unit of the storage equipment;
the calculation unit constructs a first plane through n measuring points at one end of the body-in-white or the vehicle body, constructs a second plane through m measuring points at the two ends of the body-in-white or the vehicle body, and further obtains the distance between the first plane and the second plane, namely the length of the body-in-white or the vehicle body.
The body-in-white or body length refers to the length of the body-in-white or body between the primary and secondary ends of the rail vehicle.
Of course, in other examples, the distances between the end windows and the doors and windows of the body in white can be obtained, which is given in detail and will not be described herein again.
In the third to seventh embodiments, the acquisition of the relevant height, length, deflection and other dimensions of the body-in-white of the rail vehicle or the body is aimed at, but the acquisition of the relevant data may also be realized by replacing the object with other measurement objects, such as other types of vehicles.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. An acquisition system for measuring a dimension of an object, comprising:
a scribing tool for contacting the measuring point at the object to be measured;
the measuring equipment is used for acquiring the space coordinates of the measuring points drawn by the drawing tool;
the measuring device is connected with the storage device and used for inputting the space coordinates of each stroke point to the computing unit;
the calculation unit constructs a measurement coordinate system, constructs a straight line by the spatial coordinates of part of the measurement points and obtains a distance between one of the measurement points and the constructed straight line, or constructs a plane to obtain a distance between one of the measurement points and the constructed plane, or constructs two planes to obtain a distance between the two planes.
2. An acquisition system for dimensions of a measurement object according to claim 1, wherein said scribing tool is a light pen with a jewel stylus.
3. An acquisition system for dimensions of a measurement object according to claim 1, characterized in that said measuring device is a three-coordinate measuring machine.
4. An acquisition system for dimensions of a measurement object according to claim 1, characterized in that the calculation unit has as measurement coordinate system the imaging coordinate system of the measurement device.
5. A system for acquiring dimensions of a measurement object according to claim 1, further comprising a movable housing, the housing being provided with a plurality of slots, one of the slots being adapted to receive the light pen and the other slot being adapted to receive the measurement device, the housing further supporting said storage device;
the frame is movably provided with a cover plate at the outer sides of the clamping groove and the storage device.
6. A method of acquiring a dimension of a measurement object, characterized in that an acquisition system for a dimension of a measurement object according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is used.
7. Use of an acquisition system for dimensions of a measurement object according to any of claims 1-5, for large-dimension acquisition of rail vehicle bodies-in-white, rail vehicle bodies.
8. A vehicle body height acquisition method, characterized in that an acquisition system for a measurement object size according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is adopted, comprising the following:
the point drawing tool contacts with the measuring points of the top plate of the car body in the longitudinal section and then sequentially contacts with n measuring points of the bottom plate of the car body, wherein n is more than or equal to 3;
the measuring equipment acquires the space coordinates of the measuring points and sends the space coordinates to the computing unit of the storage equipment;
the calculation unit constructs a plane through the n measuring points of the vehicle body bottom plate, and obtains the distance between the measuring point of the vehicle body top plate and the constructed plane, namely the vehicle body height of the longitudinal section.
9. A vehicle body deflection collecting method is characterized in that a collecting system for the dimension of a measured object according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is adopted, and the method comprises the following steps:
the marking tool is contacted with one or two measuring points at one position end, one or two measuring points at the two position end and a measuring point at the middle section of the vehicle body;
the measuring equipment acquires the space coordinates of the measuring points and sends the space coordinates to the computing unit of the storage equipment;
the calculation unit constructs a plane through three measuring points of the first-position end and the second-position end of the vehicle body, and obtains the distance between the measuring point of the middle section of the vehicle body and the constructed plane, namely the deflection of the vehicle body.
10. A vehicle body width acquisition method, characterized in that an acquisition system for a measurement object size according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is adopted, and the method comprises the following steps:
in the set section of the vehicle body, the marking tool contacts one measuring point on one position side or two position sides of the vehicle body and then contacts two measuring points on the two position sides or one position side;
the measuring equipment acquires the space coordinates of the measuring points and sends the space coordinates to the computing unit of the storage equipment;
the calculation unit constructs a straight line through two measuring points on the two position sides or the one position side of the vehicle body, and further obtains the distance between the measuring point on the one position side or the two position side and the constructed straight line, namely obtains the width of the vehicle body in the set section.
11. A method for acquiring the diagonal length of a vehicle body, which is characterized in that the acquisition system for the size of the measured object, which is disclosed by any one of claims 1 to 5, is adopted, and the method comprises the following steps:
at the position of a set longitudinal section of the vehicle body, a point marking tool contacts with a measuring point on a side edge beam at one position or a side edge beam at two positions of the vehicle body, and two measuring points on the upper part of the side wall at two positions or the upper part of the side wall at one position are arranged at the diagonal position;
the measuring equipment acquires the space coordinates of the measuring points and sends the space coordinates to the computing unit of the storage equipment;
the calculation unit constructs a straight line through two measuring points on the two-position side edge beam or the one-position side edge beam at the diagonal position, and further obtains the distance between the measuring point on the one-position side wall or the two-position side wall of the vehicle body and the constructed straight line, namely the length of the diagonal line of the vehicle body in the set longitudinal section.
12. A vehicle body length acquisition method, characterized in that an acquisition system for a measurement object size according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is adopted, comprising the following:
the scribing tool is in contact with n measuring points at one position end and m measuring points at the two position end of the vehicle body, wherein m is more than or equal to 3, and n is more than or equal to 3;
the measuring equipment acquires the space coordinates of the measuring points and sends the space coordinates to the computing unit of the storage equipment;
the calculation unit constructs a first plane through n measuring points at the first position end of the vehicle body, constructs a second plane through m measuring points at the second position end of the vehicle body, and further obtains the distance between the first plane and the second plane, namely obtains the length of the vehicle body.
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