CN113669679A - 一种具有监控功能的照明路灯的节能控制方法 - Google Patents
一种具有监控功能的照明路灯的节能控制方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有监控功能的照明路灯的节能控制方法,所述照明路灯上设置有光伏发电储能单元、照明单元、视频监控单元,照明单元和视频监控单元均与光伏发电储能单元相连,视频监控单元的发热元件连接有半导体制冷片,半导体制冷片通过双向温控电路连接在发热元件与半导体制冷片之间,双向温控电路包括分别连接在半导体制冷片两端的两个温度开关,温控开关实时监测发热元件的工作温度,当工作温度变化时温控开关状态变化,通过不同的状态变化控制半导体制冷片对发热元件降温或加热;光伏发电储能单元和照明单元均利用温差发电片进行散热和热量的重复利用。本发明保证路灯上的视频监控单元始终处于稳定可靠的工作状态下,还能进行温差发电。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及节能路灯技术领域,特别是指一种具有监控功能的照明路灯的节能控制方法。
背景技术
路灯,指给道路提供照明功能的灯具,传统的路灯只具有照明功能,随着数字化的发展,节能化、信息化以及安全化向传统的路灯提出了更高的要求。对于节能化来说,路灯的供电方式对其影响最大,采用市电供不仅具有电压降损耗、需要长期沿线运维,而且在架设路灯时需要花费很大的成本来铺设线路、架设灯杆,而其只用做路灯照明,显然利用率低;采用单独柴油机供电,不仅需要耗费很大的柴油储运成本,而且不符合节能减排、绿色共享的理念;因此,从节能化的角度考虑,路灯需要向能源清洁、功能集成的方向发展。而信息化和安全化给路灯的功能集成指出了方向,由于灯杆位于马路两侧,在用作照明的同时,也可以满足网络需求,如交管监控单元的架设、天眼单元的影像摄取等等。而现有技术对上述内容的研究如下:
授权公告日为2021.05.11、授权公告号为CN 213178149 U的实用新型专利公开了一种热能回收太阳能路灯,照明使用过程中,第一导热层、第二导热层和第三导热层将照明灯源照明产生的热量热传导至温差发电片的四周外表面和下表面,进而通过温差发电片进行发电,再将温差发电片热能转换成的电能通过导线输送至供电电源内进行回收再利用。该专利的技术方案中虽然使用太阳能供电且利用了温差发电,但是其温差发电片处于密闭的罩体内,发电效果有限,而且太阳能发电与温差发电没有关联,只是各自运行,增加了成本又不能产生耦合的有益效果;另外,该技术方案并没有监控单元,功能单一,无法对路况信息以及路灯情况进行监控。对于具有监控功能的路灯,由于监控模块安装在室外的灯杆上,由于昼夜、季节温差大,高温和低温会严重影响监控效果,当温度过高或过低时会造成监控失效,既无法监控路面信息也无法监控路灯的照明情况。
发明内容
针对上述背景技术中的不足,本发明提出一种具有监控功能的照明路灯的节能控制方法,解决了现有路灯集成化、节能性及可靠性低的技术问题。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:一种具有监控功能的照明路灯的节能控制方法,所述照明路灯包括灯杆,灯杆上设置有光伏发电储能单元、照明单元、视频监控单元,光伏发电储能单元包括依次连接的太阳能发电板和蓄电模块,照明单元和视频监控单元均与蓄电模块相连。所述视频监控单元的发热元件连接有半导体制冷片,半导体制冷片通过双向温控电路连接在发热元件与半导体制冷片之间,双向温控电路包括分别连接在半导体制冷片两端的两个温度开关,温控开关实时监测发热元件的工作温度,当工作温度变化时,温控开关的温度传感器的热电阻会随之发生阻值变化,并发射出电流信号输送至开关控制器,当发热元件的工作温度在设定范围内时,开关控制器控制温控开关处于断开状态,此时半导体制冷片不工作;当发热元件的工作温度超出设定温度范围时,开关控制器根据电流信号来控制处于半导体制冷片两端的温控开关状态改变;当温度过高时,产生的电流信号较大,使双向温控电路上的温控开关置于半导体制冷片正接的状态,进行降温;当温度过低时,产生的电流信号较小,使向温控电路上的温控开关置于半导体制冷片反接的状态,进行加热;光伏发电储能单元通过太阳能发电板进行光电转化,并将电能储存至蓄电模块中,以供照明单元使用。所述太阳能发电板一侧设置有相变储能材料且设置有与蓄电模块相连的第一温差发电片,第一温差发电片热端与太阳能发电板的发热部相连、冷端与相变储能材料相连,发电片分别对其进行降温,同时进行温差发电并储存至蓄电模块,通过相变储能材料和第一温差发电片既能降低太阳能发电板的温度,使太阳能发电板持续在功率最高的状态发电,而且还能充分利用太阳能的热能进行发电;所述照明单元的发热部连接有与蓄电模块相连的第二温差发电片,在太阳能发电板和照明单元工作时,第一温差发电片和第二温差,所述照明单元包括与蓄电模块相连的灯具,灯具通过蓄电模块的供电实现照明,第二温差发电片既能降低灯具的温度,以此延长灯具的使用寿命,还能利用其热能转换为电能循环使用。在太阳能发电板和照明单元工作时,第一温差发电片和第二温差发电片分别对其进行降温,同时进行温差发电并储存至蓄电模块。
进一步地,所述设定温度范围为-10℃至30℃,所述半导体制冷片连接有紫铜散热片,保证视频监控单元始终在额定工作环境温度下工作。
进一步地,所述视频监控单元的摄像模块为超高清的半圆形摄像机,太阳能发电板设置在灯杆的顶部,照明单元设置在太阳能发电板的下方,半圆形摄像机设置在照明单元的下方,半圆形摄像机既能够监测路面路况信息,又能够检测到照明单元的照明情况。
进一步地,所述照明单元的灯具为LED灯,LED灯的灯珠铝基板与第二温差发电片之间设置有紫铜片,第二温差发电片的后侧设置有散热器,位于灯珠铝基板前侧的前壳体与散热器相连,第二温差发电片通过导热硅脂层贴设在紫铜片与散热器之间。LED灯的余热通过第二温差发电片后由散热器向外散热,由塞贝克效应可知,此时第二温差发电片出现高低温差,进而出现电子流量差,从而实现将热能直接转化为电能。通过设置紫铜片、导热硅脂层及散热器使第二温差发电片受热均匀,散热器向外散热时,第二温差发电片就有热流通过并将一部分热能转化为电能,此部分电能通过耐高温导线连接并输送至蓄电模块。
进一步地,所述太阳能发电板包括后侧设置的相变控温箱,相变控温箱内设置有网格状紫铜板,所述相变储能材料设置在网格状紫铜板内。既能够实现相变储能材料在夜间对冷量的快速吸收,又能为第一温差发电片的冷端提供足够的冷量。
进一步地,所述灯杆为中空杆,蓄电模块设置在灯杆的中空腔体内或灯杆中部外侧,光伏发电储能单元、照明单元及视频监控单元的线路均设置在灯杆的中空腔体内。
进一步地,所述相变蓄能材料为不定形的颗粒状,进一步增强了相变蓄能材料对冷量的吸收能力和吸收效率。
本发明设置双向温控电路和半导体制冷片,能够保证路灯上的视频监控单元始终处于稳定可靠的工作状态下,既能可靠地监测路面路况信息,又能够检测到照明单元的照明情况。另外,本发明不仅利用了太阳能作为视频监控单元、照明单元的电能来源,而且在太阳能发电板进行光能转化电能时,太阳能发电板后的相变储能材料使得太阳能发电板最高温度一直保持在℃左右,保持光电转化效率始终处于最佳的温度环境下,从而使光能转化电能的效率最大化;与此同时,第一温差发电片不仅在太阳能发电板与相变蓄能材料之间传导热量,而且还能够通过热量变化发电储存,使得太阳能的光能和热能能够充分利用;另外,照明单元产生的热量能够通过第二温差发电片散出,在对照明单元进行散热的同时,还能够将热能转化为电能储存利用;第一温差发电片和第二温差发电片均利用了紫铜导热、散热器导热,时热传递更加及时稳定。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明的结构示意图;
图2为图1中单组太阳能发电板的结构示意图;
图3为图1中灯具的爆炸图;
图4为灯具部位温差发电的原理示意图;
图5为太阳能板部位温差发电的原理示意图;
图6为双向温控电路的原理示意图;
图7为视频监控单元温度调节原理示意图;
其中:
1、灯杆;
2、光伏发电储能单元:
21、太阳能发电板,22、蓄电模块,23、相变储能材料,24、第一温差发电片,25、相变控温箱26、网格状紫铜板;
3、照明单元:
31、灯具,32、第二温差发电片,33、紫铜片,34、散热器,35、灯珠铝基板,36、前壳体;
4、视频监控单元:
41、发热元件,
42、半导体制冷片,
43、温度开关,
44、紫铜散热片;
5、双向温控电路。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有付出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
一种具有监控功能的照明路灯的节能控制方法,如图1所示,包括灯杆1,灯杆1上设置有光伏发电储能单元2、照明单元3和视频监控单元4,所述太阳能发电板21设置在灯杆1的顶部,照明单元3设置在太阳能发电板21的下方,视频监控单元4设置在照明单元3的下方,半圆形摄像机既能够监测路面路况信息,又能够检测到照明单元3的照明情况。光伏发电储能单元2包括依次连接的太阳能发电板21和蓄电模块22,照明单元3和视频监控单元4均与蓄电模块22相连。所述灯杆1为中空杆,蓄电模块22设置在灯杆1的中空腔体内或灯杆1中部外侧,光伏发电储能单元2、照明单元3及视频监控单元4的线路均设置在灯杆1的中空腔体内。所述光伏发电储能单元2通过太阳能发电板21进行光电转化,并将电能储存至蓄电模块22中,以供照明单元使用。
如图6和图7所示,所述视频监控单元4的发热元件41连接有半导体制冷片42,半导体制冷片42通过双向温控电路5连接在发热元件41与半导体制冷片42之间,双向温控电路5包括分别连接在半导体制冷片42两端的两个温度开关43,温控开关43实时监测发热元件41的工作温度,当工作温度变化时,温控开关43的温度传感器的热电阻会随之发生阻值变化,并发射出电流信号输送至开关控制器,当发热元件41的工作温度在设定范围内时,开关控制器控制温控开关43处于断开状态,此时半导体制冷片42不工作;当发热元件41的工作温度超出设定温度范围时,开关控制器根据电流信号来控制处于半导体制冷片42两端的温控开关43状态改变;当温度过高时,产生的电流信号较大,使双向温控电路5上的温控开关43置于半导体制冷片42正接的状态,进行降温;当温度过低时,产生的电流信号较小,使向温控电路5上的温控开关43置于半导体制冷片42反接的状态,进行加热。
进一步地,所述设定温度范围为-10℃至30℃,所述半导体制冷片42连接有紫铜散热片44,保证视频监控单元4始终在额定工作环境温度下工作。
如图2和图5所示,所述太阳能发电板21一侧设置有相变储能材料23且设置有与蓄电模块22相连的第一温差发电片24,第一温差发电片24热端与太阳能发电板21的发热部相连、冷端与相变储能材料23相连;通过相变储能材料23和第一温差发电片24既能降低太阳能发电板21的温度,使太阳能发电板21持续在功率最高的状态发电,而且还能充分利用太阳能的热能进行发电。太阳能发电板通过光电效应,将太阳辐射能直接转换成电能,不定形的相变蓄能材料23附着于太阳能发电板1背面,通过不定形的相变蓄能材料23实现太阳能发电板21的温度最大可能得维持在25℃左右,从而最大限度地提高太阳能发电板21处在最高发电效率的工作时间。本系统利用相变材料蓄热23储能的特性,可以很好地克服高温环境对太阳能发电板21工作效率的影响,太阳能发电板21将发出的电能存储到蓄电模块22,蓄电模块22包括大容量免维护胶体蓄电池组,为后续的照明和监控系统提供电能。
如图3和图4,所述照明单元3包括与蓄电模块22相连的灯具31,灯具31通过蓄电模块22的供电实现照明;所述灯具31的发热部连接有与蓄电模块22相连的第二温差发电片32,第二温差发电片32既能降低灯具31的温度,以此延长灯具31的使用寿命,还能利用其热能转换为电能循环使用。当LED灯在工作时,LED灯的余热通过第二温差发电片32后由散热器向外散热,由塞贝克效应可知,此时第二32温差发电片出现高低温差,进而出现电子流量差,从而实现将热能直接转化为电能。通过设置紫铜片33、导热硅脂层及散热器34使第二温差发电片32受热均匀,散热器34向外散热时,第二温差发电片32就有热流通过并将一部分热能转化为电能,此部分电能通过耐高温导线连接并输送至蓄电模块22。
进一步地,所述太阳能发电板21包括后侧设置的相变控温箱25,相变控温箱25内设置有网格状紫铜板26,所述相变储能材料23设置在网格状紫铜板26内。既能够实现相变储能材料23在夜间对冷量的快速吸收,又能为第一温差发电片24的冷端提供足够的冷量。
进一步地,所述相变蓄能材料23为不定形的颗粒状,进一步增强了相变蓄能材料对冷量的吸收能力和吸收效率。
如图3和图4所示,所述灯具31为LED灯,LED灯的灯珠铝基板35与第二温差发电片32之间设置有紫铜片33,紫铜片具有高效的热传导作用;第二温差发电片32的后侧设置有散热器34,位于灯珠铝基板35前侧的前壳体36与散热器34相连,第二温差发电片32通过导热硅脂层贴设在紫铜片33与散热器34之间,实现LED灯的高效散热。所述前壳体36与散热器34之间还设置有LED灯控制器,其控制模式与现有技术相同,第一温差发电片24、第二温差发电片32及太阳能发电板21所产生的电量如何存储至蓄电模块22内为现有技术,例如蓄电模块22中包括可以使用逆变器。
本发明未详尽之处均为本领域技术人员所公知的常规技术手段。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种具有监控功能的照明路灯的节能控制方法,所述照明路灯包括灯杆(1),灯杆(1)上设置有光伏发电储能单元(2)、照明单元(3)、视频监控单元(4),光伏发电储能单元(2)包括依次连接的太阳能发电板(21)和蓄电模块(22),照明单元(3)和视频监控单元(4)均与蓄电模块(22)相连,其特征在于:所述视频监控单元(4)的发热元件(41)连接有半导体制冷片(42),半导体制冷片(42)通过双向温控电路(5)连接在发热元件(41)与半导体制冷片(42)之间,双向温控电路(5)包括分别连接在半导体制冷片(42)两端的两个温度开关(43),温控开关(43)实时监测发热元件(41)的工作温度,当工作温度变化时,温控开关(43)的温度传感器的热电阻会随之发生阻值变化,并发射出电流信号输送至开关控制器,当发热元件(41)的工作温度在设定范围内时,开关控制器控制温控开关(43)处于断开状态,此时半导体制冷片(42)不工作;当发热元件(41)的工作温度超出设定温度范围时,开关控制器根据电流信号来控制处于半导体制冷片(42)两端的温控开关(43)状态改变;当温度过高时,产生的电流信号较大,使双向温控电路(5)上的温控开关(43)置于半导体制冷片(42)正接的状态,进行降温;当温度过低时,产生的电流信号较小,使向温控电路(5)上的温控开关(43)置于半导体制冷片(42)反接的状态,进行加热;所述太阳能发电板(21)一侧设置有相变储能材料(23)且设置有与蓄电模块(22)相连的第一温差发电片(24),第一温差发电片(24)热端与太阳能发电板(21)的发热部相连、冷端与相变储能材料(23)相连,所述照明单元(3)的发热部连接有与蓄电模块(22)相连的第二温差发电片(32),在太阳能发电板(21)和照明单元(3)工作时,第一温差发电片(24)和第二温差发电片(32)分别对其进行降温,同时进行温差发电并储存至蓄电模块(22)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的具有监控功能的照明路灯的节能控制方法,其特征在于:所述设定温度范围为-10℃至30℃,所述半导体制冷片(42)连接有紫铜散热片(44)。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的具有监控功能的照明路灯的节能控制方法,其特征在于:所述视频监控单元(4)的摄像模块为半圆形摄像机,太阳能发电板(21)设置在灯杆(1)的顶部,照明单元(3)设置在太阳能发电板(21)的下方,半圆形摄像机设置在照明单元(3)的下方。
4.根据权利要求3所述的具有监控功能的照明路灯的节能控制方法,其特征在于:所述照明单元(3)的灯具(31)为LED灯,LED灯的灯珠铝基板(35)与第二温差发电片(32)之间设置有紫铜片(33),第二温差发电片(32)的后侧设置有散热器(34),位于灯珠铝基板(35)前侧的前壳体(36)与散热器(34)相连,第二温差发电片(32)通过导热硅脂层贴设在紫铜片(33)与散热器(34)之间。
5.根据权利要求4所述的具有监控功能的照明路灯的节能控制方法,其特征在于:所述太阳能发电板(21)包括后侧设置的相变控温箱(25),相变控温箱(25)内设置有网格状紫铜板(26),所述相变储能材料(23)设置在网格状紫铜板(26)内。
6.根据权利要求5所述的具有监控功能的照明路灯的节能控制方法,其特征在于:所述灯杆(1)为中空杆,蓄电模块(22)设置在灯杆(1)的中空腔体内或灯杆(1)中部外侧,光伏发电储能单元(2)、照明单元(3)的线路均设置在灯杆(1)的中空腔体内。
7.根据权利要求1-2、4-6任一项所述的具有监控功能的照明路灯的节能控制方法,其特征在于:所述相变蓄能材料(23)为不定形的颗粒状。
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