CN113669149A - Electric control steering cooling fan - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an electric control steering cooling fan, which comprises a shell, fan blades, a steering mechanism, a driving mechanism, a speed reducing mechanism, a damping mechanism and an external control circuit, wherein the fan blades are arranged on the shell; the shell is locked on an output shaft of the engine, and the output shaft drives the fan blades to rotate; the fan blades are driven by a driving mechanism and a steering mechanism to rotate by an angle, and the action of the driving mechanism is controlled by a damping mechanism. The invention particularly adopts a damping mechanism controlled by an electromagnetic field and is matched with damping force generated by magnetic steel spacing, thereby avoiding the defects of high heat and abrasion caused by hard friction, and enabling the spiral rotating wheel and the shell to form differential rotation so as to drive the angle change of the fan blade; the spiral rotating wheel is arranged on the shell, and the rotating wheel is driven to reset under the action of spring force when the action of an electromagnetic field is lost, so that the original position and the air supply angle of the fan blade are restored, the failure of a control mechanism is also ensured, and the equipment can safely operate in the initial state.

Description

Electric control steering cooling fan

The technical field is as follows:

the invention belongs to the field of engine cooling, and particularly relates to an electric control steering cooling fan.

Background art:

the engine is provided with a fan which cools the water tank, and the angle of the fan blade of the fan is fixed no matter under various working conditions such as the external environment of the engine, the body temperature, the power output size, the rotating speed and the like.

When the temperature of the cold environment is lower or the engine runs under a small load, the fan is driven to only increase the power loss of the engine and consume fuel under the working condition that the temperature of the engine body is not high. Meanwhile, the excessive engine is cooled, so that fuel oil is insufficiently combusted, the fuel consumption is increased, and the fuel consumption is completely a side effect, so that the power loss of the engine is increased, and the overall efficiency is reduced.

There are also improvements to the above problems in the market today:

the motor directly drives the fan cooling water tank to control the rotating speed and the rotating direction of the motor to adjust the air quantity and the air direction, but the motor has a fatal defect that if the motor fails to drive the fan to rotate, the water temperature of an engine is directly overhigh and damaged.

The electromagnetic clutch is used for controlling the separation and the coupling of the engine and the fan, abnormal noise is meshed during high-speed rotation, impact of rigid meshing is caused, sliding friction between driving and driven parts causes overheating, the angle of a fan blade is difficult to adjust in a stepless mode, and the fan cannot rotate after the electromagnetic clutch breaks down.

The separation and coupling of the crankshaft end of the engine and the fan are controlled by a hydraulic oil cylinder, when the oil pressure is zero, the angle of a fan blade is arranged at the position with the maximum air quantity, when the angle is adjusted, the fan blade can work only by high pressure, and the oil cylinder is pushed by consuming larger power to drive the fan to rotate in an angle manner, so that the air quantity and the wind direction are adjusted. The engine is also provided with a high-pressure oil supply system to enable the fan to rotate angularly. For example, the principle of oil pressure regulation is adopted in the application number 201611263722.1.

The invention content is as follows:

the invention aims to design an electric control steering cooling fan which forms a differential driving fan blade corner by a damping mechanism and a planetary reducer.

The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:

an electric control steering cooling fan comprises a shell, a front cover, a rear cover, fan blades, a steering mechanism, a driving mechanism, a speed reducing mechanism, a damping mechanism and an external control circuit; the fan blade shaft of the fan blade base movably penetrates through the axial hole in the radial direction of the shell, the plurality of fan blades are distributed on the circumference of the shell in a circular array, and the fan blades are rotated by an angle by the driving mechanism and the steering mechanism; the action of the driving mechanism is controlled by a damping mechanism; the steering mechanism, the driving mechanism, the speed reducing mechanism and the damping mechanism are arranged in the shell and are sealed by a front cover and a rear cover, the front cover is locked on an output shaft of the engine, and the output shaft drives the fan blades to rotate;

the method is characterized in that:

the steering mechanism comprises a fan blade shaft at the base of the fan blade, a bearing and a deflector rod; the fan blade shaft is movably positioned on the shell through a bearing, and the deflector rod is eccentrically connected to the fan blade shaft;

the driving mechanism comprises a spiral rotating wheel and a spiral ring, the spiral ring is spirally arranged on the spiral rotating wheel, and the spiral ring and the spiral rotating wheel are matched by threads; under the drive of the spiral rotating wheel, the spiral ring can move along the axis; the outer surface of the spiral ring is provided with a ring groove for inserting a deflector rod of the steering mechanism, and the deflector rod is driven by the ring groove to force the fan blades to rotate by an angle; the spiral rotating wheel is positioned on the front cover through a bearing, and a reset spring is arranged between the spiral rotating wheel and the front cover;

the speed reducing mechanism comprises a sun gear, a planetary gear and a gear ring, the gear ring is locked on the helical rotating wheel, and the planetary gear meshed with the helical rotating wheel is locked on the side of the rear cover through a planet carrier; one end of a spline shaft of the sun gear is positioned on the spiral rotating wheel through a bearing;

the damping mechanism is used for preventing the spline shaft from rotating, enabling the helical rotating wheel to form differential rotation with the shell through the speed reducing mechanism and forcing the steering mechanism to act, and comprises a middle shaft sleeve and a damping assembly, wherein the middle shaft sleeve penetrates through the rear cover and is connected with the engine base through a rod piece to form a non-rotating stop part;

the damping assembly is of one of the following structures:

the electromagnetic magnetic damping device comprises an electromagnetic coil, a coil rack, a movable balance iron, a magnetic steel bowl, a damping plate and magnetic steel; the coil rack is fixed on the middle shaft sleeve, and the electromagnetic coil cable wound on the coil rack is led out through the middle shaft sleeve and is connected with the control circuit; the magnetic steel bowl is surrounded outside the coil frame in a spaced mode and is positioned on the middle shaft sleeve through a bearing; a suction gap is arranged between the bowl edge of the magnetic steel bowl and the movable balance iron, and the movable balance iron is movably arranged on the spline shaft; the end surface of the magnetic conduction steel bowl is embedded with magnetic steel, and a spaced attraction state is formed by the magnetic steel and a damping plate locked on the middle shaft sleeve;

secondly, electromagnetic eddy current damping, which comprises an electromagnetic coil, a coil rack, a movable balance iron, a magnetic steel bowl, a damping plate and magnetic steel; the coil rack is fixed on the middle shaft sleeve, and the electromagnetic coil cable wound on the coil rack is led out through the middle shaft sleeve and is connected with the control circuit; the magnetic steel bowl is surrounded outside the coil frame in a spaced mode and is positioned on the middle shaft sleeve through a bearing; a suction gap is arranged between the bowl edge of the magnetic steel bowl and the movable balance iron, and the movable balance iron is movably arranged on the spline shaft; an eddy current copper ring is fixed on the magnetic conduction steel bowl, magnetic steel is embedded on the adjacent surface of the eddy current copper ring and a damping plate locked on the middle shaft sleeve, and eddy current damping is generated by the magnetic steel and the eddy current copper ring;

piston friction damping, which comprises a power cylinder, a friction plate and a friction disc; the power cylinder is locked on the middle shaft sleeve by means of a cylinder body and is connected into a pipeline through the middle shaft sleeve, and the friction plate is fixed on the end face of the piston; the motion direction of the piston is perpendicular to a friction disc fixed on the spline shaft, and the power cylinder acts the friction disc to push against the friction disc to generate friction damping;

fourthly, high-pressure airflow damping, wherein the high-pressure airflow damping comprises an air jet disc and a wind shielding impeller which are arranged adjacently, the wind shielding impeller is locked on the spline shaft, and a plurality of wind shielding sheets with consistent angles are arranged in a circumferential array; the air jet disc is locked on the middle shaft sleeve and is connected with high-pressure airflow through the middle shaft sleeve, the air jet disc faces one side of the wind shielding impeller, a plurality of air nozzles are circumferentially arrayed, and the high-pressure airflow blown to the wind shielding impeller by the air nozzles generates airflow damping. Radial shaft holes are uniformly distributed in the circumference of the shell, and each shaft hole and the fan blade shaft are positioned through two bearings.

The ring groove of the spiral ring is divided into a plurality of groove lattices according to the number of the fan blades, and a sliding block with a central opening jack is placed in each groove lattice; and a deflector rod arranged at the eccentric position of the end part of each fan blade shaft is inserted into the insertion hole of the corresponding sliding block to form positioning.

The end part of the fan blade shaft is provided with a turntable, a deflector rod is arranged at the eccentric position of the turntable, the edge of the turntable is provided with an arc stroke groove, and the stroke groove is matched with a convex pin fixed on the shell to form stroke restriction of a rotation angle.

One end of the spiral rotating wheel is provided with a shaft neck, and the other end of the spiral rotating wheel is a hollow wheel sleeve, and the spiral rotating wheel is positioned between the bearing and the front cover by the shaft neck; and a gear ring is embedded at the bottom of the hollow wheel sleeve, and the planetary gear, the electromagnetic coil and the coil rack are all assembled at the hollow position of the hollow wheel sleeve.

The spline shaft is provided with a retaining ring for restraining the movable balance iron, and a return spring is arranged between the retaining ring facing one side of the magnetic conduction steel bowl and the movable balance iron.

The inner ring of the coil rack is flush with the bowl edge of the magnetic conduction steel bowl towards one side of the movable balance iron, and the inner ring and the bowl edge form an iron core together to attract the movable balance iron; and a shock absorption gasket or a friction gasket is arranged at the contact part of the bowl edge and the movable balance iron.

And the damping plate is also provided with magnetic steel towards the end surface of the magnetic steel bowl, the polarity of the magnetic steel is opposite to that of the magnetic steel on one side of the magnetic steel bowl, and the damping plate and the magnetic steel form a mutual attraction effect.

The fan blades are asymmetrically locked on the fan blade shaft.

The spiral rotating wheel and the spiral ring in the driving mechanism are matched through ball threads.

The damping mechanism is matched with the speed reducing mechanism, particularly controlled by an electromagnetic field, and matched with damping force or eddy resistance generated by magnetic steel spacing, so that the spiral rotating wheel and the shell form differential rotation, a spiral ring is forced to shift on the spiral rotating wheel, and the angle change of the fan blade is driven, and the selection requirement is met; the adopted magnetic steel generates damping force or eddy resistance in a spaced mode, so that the defects of high heat and abrasion caused by hard friction are avoided; in addition, a clockwork spring arranged between the spiral rotating wheel and the shell can drive the rotary rotating wheel to reset under the action of spring force when the electromagnetic field is lost, so that the fan blade returns to the original position and the air supply angle, and meanwhile, the equipment can safely operate in the initial state even if the control mechanism fails.

Description of the drawings:

the invention is further illustrated with reference to the following specific figures:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an electrically-controlled turning cooling fan

FIG. 2 is a schematic half-section view of an electrically-controlled steering cooling fan

FIG. 2A is a partially enlarged view of A in FIG. 2

FIG. 2B is a partially enlarged view of B in FIG. 2

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of an electrically controlled steering cooling fan

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of an electromagnetic damping mechanism

FIG. 5 is a schematic half-section view of an electromagnetic eddy current damping electric control steering cooling fan

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a half-section of a piston friction damping electric control steering cooling fan

FIG. 7 is a schematic half-section view of a high-pressure air-flow damping electric-control steering cooling fan

FIG. 7A is a schematic view showing the relationship between the air nozzle and the wind shielding impeller

FIG. 7B is a schematic view of a wind-shielding impeller

Wherein

1-shell 11-front cover 12-rear cover 13-axle hole

14-convex pin 2-fan blade 21-fan blade shaft 22-rotary table

23-stroke groove 3-clockwork spring 4-steering mechanism 41-deflector rod

5-driving mechanism 51-spiral rotating wheel 511-journal 512-hollow wheel sleeve

52-spiral ring 53-ring groove 54-sliding block 6-speed reducing mechanism

61-sun gear 62-planet gear 63-gear ring 64-planet carrier

65 spline shaft 66 baffle ring 67 reset spring 7 middle shaft sleeve

71-rod 8-damping assembly 81-movable balance iron 82-magnetic steel bowl

821-bowl edge 822-shock absorption gasket 83-damping plate 84-magnetic steel

85-electromagnetic coil 86-coil rack 861-inner ring 87-eddy current copper ring

88-power cylinder 881-cylinder 882-piston 8801-friction plate

8802 friction disk 89 air jet disk 891 air jet nozzle 8901 wind screen impeller

8902-wind shield 9-bearing

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

referring to fig. 1 to 4, the electric control steering cooling fan includes a housing 1, a front cover 11, a rear cover 12, a fan blade 2, a clockwork spring 3, a steering mechanism 4, a driving mechanism 5, a speed reducing mechanism 6, a damping mechanism, and an external control circuit, i.e. for controlling the damping mechanism to operate, the control circuit may also be connected with a temperature sensor for acquiring the working temperature of the device, and the control circuit triggers the damping mechanism to operate after comparison. The damping mechanism comprises a middle shaft sleeve 7 and a damping assembly 8, wherein the middle shaft sleeve 7 penetrates through the rear cover 12 and is connected with the engine base through a rod piece 71 to form a non-rotating stop component.

Radial shaft holes 13 are uniformly distributed in the circumference of the shell 1 and used for positioning the fan blades 2; the front cover 11 and the rear cover 12 are respectively locked at two ends of the shell 1, and the steering mechanism 4, the clockwork spring 3, the driving mechanism 5, the speed reducing mechanism 6 and the damping assembly 8 are encapsulated in the shell and are enclosed by the front cover 11 and the rear cover 12; the front cover 11 is locked on the output shaft of the engine, and the output shaft drives the fan blades 2 to rotate, so as to provide the functions of heat dissipation and the like.

The fan blade 2 comprises a fan blade body and a fan blade shaft 21, the fan blade 2 is asymmetrically locked on the fan blade shaft 21 and can maintain inclination towards an angle by utilizing centrifugal force during rotation; the fan blades 2 movably penetrate through the shaft hole 13 in the radial direction of the shell by virtue of the fan blade shaft 21, and the plurality of fan blades 2 are distributed on the circumference of the shell 1 in a circular array, rotate along with the shell to form dynamic balance and produce a wind conveying effect.

The steering mechanism 4 comprises a fan blade shaft 21 at the base of the fan blade, a bearing 9 and a deflector rod 41; each fan blade shaft 21 is movably positioned in the shaft hole 13 of the shell through two bearings 9, and the deflector rod 41 is eccentrically connected to the fan blade shaft 21; more specifically, the end of the fan shaft 21 is provided with a rotary plate 22, a deflector 41 is arranged at an eccentric position of the rotary plate 22, and the edge of the rotary plate 22 is provided with a circular arc stroke groove 23, and the stroke groove 23 is matched with a convex pin 14 fixed on the shell 1 to form stroke restriction of a rotation angle.

The driving mechanism 5 comprises a spiral rotating wheel 51 and a spiral ring 52, wherein the spiral ring 52 is arranged on the spiral rotating wheel 51 in a rotating mode, and the spiral rotating wheel and the spiral ring are in threaded fit, preferably in ball threaded fit, so that the driving resistance is lower and the driving resistance is wear-resistant; the spiral ring 52 can move along the axis under the driving of the spiral rotating wheel 51; the outer surface of the spiral ring 52 is provided with a ring groove 53 for inserting the deflector rod 41 of the steering mechanism, and the deflector rod 41 is driven by the ring groove 53 to force the fan blade 2 to rotate by an angle; further, the spiral wheel 51 has a journal 511 at one end and a hollow wheel cover 512 at the other end, and is positioned with the front cover 11 through the bearing 9 by the journal 511, so that it can rotate together with the housing 1 and also rotate with a differential speed with the housing under the action of an electromagnetic field. Two ends of the clockwork spring 3 are correspondingly fixed on the spiral wheel 51 and the front cover 11, and the clockwork spring 3 is tensioned and stored in energy to store potential for being sent out in the process of angle conversion; when the damping mechanism is not operated, the driving screw 51 generates a difference in rotational speed with respect to the housing 1, and the driving screw 52 returns to the original position.

More specifically, the ring groove 53 of the spiral ring is divided into the equal number of groove lattices according to the number of the fan blades 2, and the embodiment is directly divided by bolts, so that the processing is not influenced, and the design purpose can be achieved; a slide block 54 with a central jack is placed in each groove grid; the deflector rod 41 arranged at the eccentric position of the end part of each fan blade shaft 21 is inserted into the insertion hole of the corresponding slide block 54 to form positioning. The sliding block 54 can eliminate the radius difference of different positions of the deflector rod 41 at the eccentric position relative to the circular ring of the shell 1 during swinging, and can keep enough area to be in contact with the circular ring groove 53 to provide the driving force required by angle conversion.

The speed reducing mechanism 6 comprises a sun gear 61, a planet gear 62 and a gear ring 63, wherein the gear ring 63 is locked on the spiral rotating wheel 51, namely, the gear ring is locked at the bottom in the hollow wheel sleeve 512; the planetary gears 62 meshing with the gear ring 63 are locked on the rear cover side 12 by a carrier 64; the splined shaft 65, which holds the sun gear, is positioned at one end on the helical rotor 51 by means of a bearing 9, maintaining the flexibility of relative rotation between the two.

A damping mechanism for preventing the spline shaft 65 from rotating, and for forcing the steering mechanism 4 to operate by causing the helical rotor 51 and the housing 1 to rotate at a differential speed through the speed reduction mechanism 6; the damping assembly 8 at least has the following four structures, namely electromagnetic magnetic damping; secondly, damping electromagnetic eddy current; thirdly, piston friction damping; and fourthly, damping high-pressure airflow.

Specific examples of four damping schemes are given below, one by one:

first, electromagnetic magnetic damping scheme

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the damping mechanism 8 includes a moving weight 81, a magnetic conductive steel bowl 82, a damping plate 83, a magnetic steel 84, an electromagnetic coil 85, and a coil rack 86; the coil rack 86 is fixed on the middle shaft sleeve 7 or the two are processed in a connecting way; the cable of the electromagnetic coil 85 wound on the coil frame 86 is led out through the middle shaft sleeve 7 and is connected with a control circuit to control the on-off of the current of the electromagnetic coil 85; the magnetic steel bowl 82 surrounds the coil rack 86 in a hollow way, namely is sheathed outside in a non-contact way; and is positioned on the middle shaft sleeve 7 of the coil frame through a bearing 9, and is also a rotating part; a suction gap is formed between the bowl edge 821 of the magnetic steel bowl and the movable balance iron 81, and the movable balance iron 81 is movably arranged on the spline shaft 65, namely can slide along the axis; the end surface, namely the bottom, of the magnetic steel bowl 82 is embedded with magnetic steel 84, and the damping plate 83 adjacent to the magnetic steel is fixed on the middle shaft sleeve 7 of the coil frame; the magnetic steel 84 and the damping plate 83 form a spaced attraction state, and the magnetic steel guide bowl 82 is always prevented from rotating; in order to increase the magnetic attraction force, magnetic steel with polarity opposite to that of the bottom of the magnetic steel bowl 82 is also embedded in the damping plate 83. The damping force is generated by adopting the gap, the damping force only maintains the fan blade 2 at the second angle position, the speed reducing mechanism 6 still rotates along with the shell 1 at full speed after the speed reducing mechanism rotates to the limit at a differential speed, and is not locked, so that the defect of high heat generated by direct friction braking is overcome to the maximum extent, and the structure is one of the advantages.

During operation, when the electromagnetic coil 85 passes through current, the electromagnetic induction generates magnetic force at the bowl edge 821 of the magnetic conduction steel bowl, the movable balance iron 81 is attracted, the movable balance iron 81 in rotation is instantly subjected to damping action, and then the reduction mechanism 6 is prevented from rotating along with the shell 1 through the spline shaft 65, so that the spiral rotating wheel 51 and the shell 1 form a rotating speed difference, the spiral ring 52 is driven to move towards one end of the spiral rotating wheel, and the fan blade 2 is driven to rotate, and the purpose of angle conversion is achieved.

In order to restrict the stroke of the movable weight 81, a stopper ring 66 is provided on the spline shaft 65, and a return spring 67 is provided between the stopper ring 66 and the movable weight 81 on the side facing the magnetic conductive steel bowl 82 so that the movable weight 81 is returned when the angle switching is stopped. The return spring 67 may be distributed in a circular array of a plurality of small springs as shown in the figure, or may be a large cylindrical spring directly sleeved outside the spline shaft. The bearing 9 is also provided between the spline shaft 65 and the bobbin 86, and the spline shaft and the bobbin are rigidly supported in the axial direction.

Further, the inner ring 861 of the coil frame 86 is flush with the bowl edge 821 of the magnetic steel bowl towards one side of the movable balance iron 81, and together with the inner ring, the iron core plays a role in attracting the movable balance iron 81; and a vibration reduction gasket 822 or a friction gasket is arranged at the contact part of the bowl edge 821 and the movable balance iron 81, so that noise caused by attraction is reduced, and friction force can be increased.

The hollow hub 512 of the helical rotation wheel 51 has the ring gear 63 fixed to the bottom thereof, and the planetary gear 62, the electromagnetic coil 85 and the bobbin 86 are fitted in the hollow position of the hollow hub 512, resulting in a compact structure.

The working principle is as follows:

the electric control steering cooling fan is arranged at the coaxial end of the engine, and when the engine runs, the fan blade 2, the shell 1 and the front and rear covers always rotate at the same speed as the engine. The spiral rotating wheel 51 is always in a state that the spiral spring is loosened by the tension of the spiral spring 3, the spiral ring 52 is also positioned at one end of the spiral rotating wheel thread, and the angle of the fan blade 2 is in a normal state of non-steering, so that the maximum air volume can be ensured to cool the engine.

The electromagnetic coil 85, bobbin 86 and output leads inside the fan are connected to the engine base by a rod 71 so that these components do not rotate at any time. In order to damp vibration, the rod 71 is a flexible rod, or a spring or rubber is additionally arranged at the joint of the rod and an engine to isolate vibration of the fan blades in the wind direction.

The magnetically conductive steel bowl 82 is in a free state and attracted to the damping plate 83, and is not rotated for a while.

When the fan is not controlled to rotate, the electromagnetic coil 85 is not electrified, the movable balance iron 81 with the same spline shaft as the sun gear 61 is released, and the sun gear 61 of the controlled element is mainly placed in an uncontrolled state, so that all other parts in the fan except the electromagnetic coil 85, the coil rack 86, the damping plate 83 and the magnetic conductive steel bowl 82 rotate at the same speed under the driving of the engine. The meshing positions of the gear ring 63, the planetary gear 62 and the sun gear 61 which have the same speed as the engine are relatively unchanged, namely, do not act; the relative position of the helical wheel 51 to the housing 1 is also constant.

When the wind blade 2 is controlled to rotate, the current of the electromagnetic coil 85 is switched on to generate an electromagnetic field, the movable balance iron 81 which originally rotates along with the engine is adsorbed on the electromagnetic coil magnetic steel bowl 82, the magnetic steel bowl 82 is adsorbed on the side of the damping plate 83 by magnetic force, the electromagnetic coil 85 and the damping plate 83 are connected with the base of the engine and cannot rotate, the spline at the center of the movable balance iron 81 is coaxial with the sun gear 61, the sun gear 61 cannot rotate, the non-rotating sun gear 61 generates a rotation speed difference with the front cover 11 of the shell which rotates along with the engine, the gear ring 63 rotates constantly, at the moment, the relative meshing position of the planetary gear 62, the gear ring 63 and the sun gear 61 generates a shape change, the rotation speed of the spiral rotating wheel 51 connected with the gear ring 63 generates a differential speed with the rotation speed of the engine, and the torque of the engine enables the relative position of the spiral rotating wheel 51 and the shell 1, The angle changes, simultaneously two forces are generated: firstly, a clockwork spring 3 is wound; secondly, the spiral ring 52 is pushed to move from one end to the other end, so that the fan blade 2 is driven to rotate by the slide block 54, the shift lever 41, the drive plate 22 and the fan blade shaft 21.

When the wind blades 2 are reversed to the maximum angle, the sun gear 61 bears the moment which is transmitted by the planet gear 62 and is larger than the damping force of the magnetic steel 84, the movable balance iron 81 drives the magnetic steel bowl 82 to rotate together, and hard damage is prevented.

When the non-steering state is to be recovered, the energization is stopped, the movable balance iron 81 is released, the sun gear 61 is recovered to the uncontrolled state, the spiral wheel 51 rotates to the relaxed state of the spring under the pulling force of the spring 3, the spiral ring 52 is driven to move towards the other end, and the angle of the fan blade 2 is recovered to the normal state. The tension of the spring 3 forces the fan blade to automatically recover to the original point of the maximum air quantity when the control is not carried out or the control system fails.

Second, electromagnetic eddy current damping

Referring to fig. 5, the damping assembly 8 includes: the device comprises a movable balance iron 81, a magnetic conductive steel bowl 82, a damping plate 83, magnetic steel 84, an electromagnetic coil 85, a coil rack 86 and an eddy current copper ring 87; the coil rack 86 is fixed on the middle shaft sleeve 7 or the coil rack 86 and the middle shaft sleeve are processed in a connecting way, and the electromagnetic coil 85 cable wound on the coil rack 86 is led out through the middle shaft sleeve 7 and is connected with the control circuit; the magnetic steel bowl 82 surrounds the coil rack 86 in a hollow way and is positioned on the middle shaft sleeve 7 through a bearing 9; a suction gap is formed between the bowl edge 821 of the magnetic steel bowl and the movable balance iron 81, and the movable balance iron 81 is movably arranged on the spline shaft 65; an eddy current copper ring 87 is fixed on the magnetic conduction steel bowl 82, magnetic steel 84 is embedded on the adjacent surface of the eddy current copper ring 87 and a damping plate 83 locked on the middle shaft sleeve 7, and eddy current damping is generated by means of the magnetic steel 84 and the eddy current copper ring 87; in order to increase the eddy current and increase the damping force, the damping plate 83 wraps the outer edge of the eddy current copper ring 87, and magnetic steel 84 is fixed on two adjacent surfaces of the damping plate 83 and the eddy current copper ring 87. When the angle of the fan blade is adjusted, current is connected to the electromagnetic coil 85, the guide contact steel bowl 82 is attracted to move the balance iron 71, the balance iron rotates instantly along with the guide contact steel bowl 82, the rotating eddy copper ring 87 generates induction eddy and generates a strong magnetic field opposite to the magnetic steel 84, damping is formed and the spline shaft 65 is restrained, the spiral rotating wheel 51 and the shell 1 rotate in a differential mode, and the angle of the fan blade 2 is adjusted. And when the fan blade 2 is in a non-adjusting state, the vortex effect is also fixed, so that the vortex copper ring 87 and the magnetic steel bowl 84 are kept still.

Piston friction damping

Referring to fig. 6, the damping assembly 8 includes: power cylinder 88, friction plates 8801 and friction plates 8802; the power cylinder 88 is locked on the middle shaft sleeve 7 by means of a cylinder body 881, the middle shaft sleeve 7 is connected into a pipeline, and the friction plate 8801 is fixed on the end surface of the piston 882; the motion direction of the piston 882 is perpendicular to the friction discs 8802 fixed on the spline shaft, and the power cylinder 88 acts to press the friction discs 8801 against the friction discs 8802 to generate friction damping. The power cylinder 88 can be a cylinder or an optional cylinder, and a plurality of power cylinders 88 are distributed in a circular array and locked on the middle shaft sleeve 7.

Four, high pressure air flow damping

Referring to fig. 7, 7A and 7B, the damping assembly 8 includes: the air jet disc 89 and the wind-proof impeller 8901 are adjacently arranged, the wind-proof impeller 8901 is locked on the spline shaft 65, and a plurality of wind-proof sheets 8902 with consistent angles are arranged in a circumferential array; the air jet disk 89 is locked on the middle shaft sleeve 7 and is connected with high-pressure air flow by the middle shaft sleeve 7, the air jet disk 89 faces to the wind shielding impeller side and is circumferentially arrayed with a plurality of air jet nozzles 891, and the air flow damping is generated by the high-pressure air flow blown to the wind shielding impeller 8901 by the air jet nozzles 891. When designed, the central axis of the air nozzle 891 is approximately perpendicular to the wind shield 8902 to achieve maximum wind resistance.

Claims (10)

1. An electric control steering cooling fan comprises a shell (1), a front cover (11), a rear cover (12), fan blades (2), a steering mechanism (4), a driving mechanism (5), a speed reducing mechanism (6), a damping mechanism and an external control circuit; a fan blade shaft (21) of the fan blade base movably penetrates through a radial shaft hole (13) of the shell (1), a plurality of fan blades (2) are distributed on the circumference of the shell (1) in a circular array, and the fan blades (2) are rotated by an angle through the driving mechanism (5) and the steering mechanism (4); the action of the driving mechanism (5) is controlled by a damping mechanism; the steering mechanism (4), the driving mechanism (5), the speed reducing mechanism (6) and the damping mechanism are arranged in the shell (1) and are sealed by a front cover (11) and a rear cover (12), the front cover (11) is locked on an engine output shaft, and the output shaft drives the fan blades (2) to rotate;

the method is characterized in that:

the steering mechanism (4) comprises a fan blade shaft (21) at the base of the fan blade (2), a bearing (9) and a deflector rod (41); the fan blade shaft (21) is movably positioned on the shell (1) through a bearing (9), and the deflector rod (41) is eccentrically connected to the fan blade shaft (21);

the driving mechanism (5) comprises a spiral rotating wheel (51) and a spiral ring (52), wherein the spiral ring (52) is arranged on the spiral rotating wheel (51) in a rotating mode and is matched with the spiral rotating wheel (51) in a threaded mode; the spiral ring (52) can move along the axis under the driving of the spiral rotating wheel (51); the outer surface of the spiral ring (52) is provided with an annular groove (53) for inserting the deflector rod (41) of the steering mechanism, and the deflector rod (41) is driven by the annular groove (53) to force the fan blade (2) to rotate by an angle; the spiral rotating wheel (51) is positioned on the front cover (11) through a bearing (9), and a reset clockwork spring (3) is arranged between the spiral rotating wheel and the front cover (11);

a speed reduction mechanism (6) comprising a sun gear (61), a planetary gear (62) and a gear ring (63), wherein the gear ring (63) is locked on the helical gear (51), and the planetary gear (62) meshed with the gear ring is locked on the rear cover (12) side through a planet carrier (64); one end of a spline shaft (65) of the sun gear is positioned on the spiral rotating wheel (51) through a bearing (9);

the damping mechanism is used for preventing the spline shaft (65) from rotating, enabling the spiral rotating wheel (51) and the shell (1) to form differential rotation through the speed reducing mechanism (6) and forcing the steering mechanism (4) to act, and comprises a middle shaft sleeve (7) and a damping assembly (8), wherein the middle shaft sleeve (7) penetrates through the rear cover (12) and is connected with the engine base through a rod piece (71) to form a non-rotating stop component;

the damping assembly (8) is one of the following structures:

the electromagnetic magnetic damping device comprises an electromagnetic coil (85), a coil rack (86), a movable balance iron (81), a magnetic steel bowl (82), a damping plate (83) and magnetic steel (84); the coil rack (86) is fixed on the middle shaft sleeve (7), and an electromagnetic coil (85) cable wound on the coil rack is led out through the middle shaft sleeve (7) and is connected with a control circuit; the magnetic steel bowl (82) surrounds the coil frame (86) in a spaced manner and is positioned on the middle shaft sleeve (7) through a bearing (9); a suction gap is arranged between the bowl edge (821) of the magnetic conduction steel bowl and the movable balance iron (81), and the movable balance iron (81) is movably arranged on the spline shaft (65); the end surface of the magnetic steel bowl (82) is embedded with magnetic steel (84), and a space attraction state is formed by the magnetic steel (84) and a damping plate (83) locked on the middle shaft sleeve (7);

secondly, electromagnetic eddy current damping, which comprises an electromagnetic coil (85), a coil rack (86), a movable balance iron (81), a magnetic conduction steel bowl (82), a damping plate (83) and magnetic steel (84); the coil rack (86) is fixed on the middle shaft sleeve (7), and an electromagnetic coil (85) cable wound on the coil rack is led out through the middle shaft sleeve (7) and is connected with a control circuit; the magnetic steel bowl (82) surrounds the coil frame (86) in a spaced manner and is positioned on the middle shaft sleeve (7) through a bearing (9); a suction gap is arranged between the bowl edge (821) of the magnetic conduction steel bowl and the movable balance iron (81), and the movable balance iron (81) is movably arranged on the spline shaft (65); an eddy current copper ring (87) is fixed on the magnetic steel bowl (82), magnetic steel (84) is embedded on the surface, adjacent to the eddy current copper ring (87), of a damping plate (83) locked on the middle shaft sleeve (7), and eddy current damping is generated by means of the magnetic steel (84) and the eddy current copper ring (87);

thirdly, piston friction damping, which comprises a power cylinder (88), a friction plate (8801) and a friction plate (8802); the power cylinder (88) is locked on the central shaft sleeve (7) through a cylinder body (881), the central shaft sleeve (7) is connected into a pipeline, and the friction plate (8801) is fixed on the end surface of the piston (882); the motion direction of the piston (882) is perpendicular to a friction disc (8802) fixed on the spline shaft, and the power cylinder (88) acts the friction disc (8801) to be abutted against the friction disc (8802) to generate friction damping;

fourthly, high-pressure airflow damping, which comprises an air jet disc (89) and a wind shielding impeller (8901) which are adjacently arranged, wherein the wind shielding impeller (8901) is locked on the spline shaft (65), and a plurality of wind shielding sheets (8902) with consistent angles are arranged in a circumferential array; the air injection disk (89) is locked on the central shaft sleeve (7) and is connected with high-pressure air flow through the central shaft sleeve (7), the air injection disk (89) faces one side of the wind shielding impeller (8901), a plurality of air injection nozzles (891) are arrayed on the circumference, and air flow damping is generated by the high-pressure air flow blown to the wind shielding impeller (8901) by the air injection nozzles.

2. The electrically controlled turn-around cooling fan according to claim 1, characterized in that: radial shaft holes (13) are uniformly distributed in the circumference of the shell (1), and each shaft hole (13) and the fan blade shaft (21) are positioned through two bearings (9).

3. The electrically controlled turn-around cooling fan according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ring groove (53) of the spiral ring is divided into a plurality of groove lattices according to the number of the fan blades (2), and a sliding block (54) with a central opening jack is placed in each groove lattice; and a deflector rod (41) arranged at the eccentric position of the end part of each fan blade shaft (21) is inserted into the insertion hole of the corresponding slide block (54) to form positioning.

4. The electrically controlled turn-around cooling fan according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the end part of the fan blade shaft (21) is provided with a turntable (22), a deflector rod (41) is arranged at the eccentric position of the turntable (22), the edge of the turntable (22) is provided with an arc stroke groove (23), and the stroke groove (23) is matched with a convex pin (14) fixed on the shell to form stroke restriction of a rotation angle.

5. The electrically controlled turn-around cooling fan according to claim 1, characterized in that: one end of the spiral rotating wheel (51) is provided with a shaft journal (511), the other end of the spiral rotating wheel is a hollow wheel sleeve (512), and the spiral rotating wheel is positioned between the bearing (9) and the front cover (11) by means of the shaft journal (511); and a gear ring (63) is embedded at the bottom of the hollow wheel sleeve (512), and the planetary gear (62), the electromagnetic coil (85) and the coil rack (86) are all assembled at the hollow position of the hollow wheel sleeve (512).

6. The electrically controlled turn-around cooling fan according to claim 1, characterized in that: a retaining ring (66) for restraining the moving balance iron (81) is arranged on the spline shaft (65), and a return spring (67) is arranged between the retaining ring (66) and the moving balance iron (81) on one side of the magnetic conduction steel bowl (82).

7. The electrically controlled turn-around cooling fan according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner ring of the coil frame (86) is flush with the bowl edge (821) of the magnetic conduction steel bowl (82) towards one side of the movable balance iron (81), and the inner ring and the bowl edge form an iron core together to attract the movable balance iron (81); and a shock absorption gasket (822) or a friction gasket is arranged at the contact part of the bowl edge (821) and the movable balance iron (81).

8. The electrically controlled turn-around cooling fan according to claim 1, characterized in that: the end surface of the damping plate (83) facing the magnetic conduction steel bowl (82) is also provided with magnetic steel (84), and the magnetic steel (84) has opposite polarity with one side of the magnetic conduction steel bowl (82), so that the magnetic steel always forms attraction action.

9. The electrically controlled turn-around cooling fan according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the fan blades (2) are asymmetrically locked on a fan blade shaft (21).

10. The electrically controlled turn-around cooling fan according to claim 1, characterized in that: the spiral rotating wheel (51) and the spiral ring (52) in the driving mechanism (5) adopt ball screw thread fit.

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