CN113667997A - High-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic water system - Google Patents
High-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic water system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113667997A CN113667997A CN202111010086.2A CN202111010086A CN113667997A CN 113667997 A CN113667997 A CN 113667997A CN 202111010086 A CN202111010086 A CN 202111010086A CN 113667997 A CN113667997 A CN 113667997A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 166
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 221
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009347 mechanical transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
- C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production by water electrolysis, and discloses a high-pressure proton exchange membrane water electrolysis system, which comprises a high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell, a water tank, an anode circulation pipeline and a cathode circulation pipeline; a liquid inlet of a first jet vacuum pump of the anode circulation pipeline is communicated with an anode exhaust port, a liquid suction port of the first jet vacuum pump is communicated with the water tank, and a liquid outlet of the first jet vacuum pump is communicated with a first gas-liquid separator; a liquid inlet of a second jet vacuum pump on the cathode circulation pipeline is communicated with the cathode exhaust port, a liquid outlet of the second jet vacuum pump is communicated with a second gas-liquid separator, and a liquid suction port of the second jet vacuum pump is communicated with the water tank; the first jet vacuum pump and the second jet vacuum pump both utilize the pressure generated by the high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell to supplement water, and a water supplementing pump is not required to be additionally arranged to supplement water, so that the energy consumption of the high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic water system is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production by water electrolysis, in particular to a high-pressure proton exchange membrane water electrolysis system.
Background
In view of the dual pressure of energy shortage and environmental pollution, renewable energy power generation technology is being developed at home and abroad. However, renewable energy sources, such as solar energy, wind energy, etc., have a fatal problem of discontinuous and unstable energy supply, which brings a great obstacle to the practical process. Another key issue is how to store the surplus electric energy in the renewable energy system when the renewable energy is sufficient for use when the system is not sufficiently powered.
The regenerative fuel cell energy storage/supply system is divided into a proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell and a fuel cell. The proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell has the advantages of high current density, reproducibility, no pollution, high starting speed and the like, belongs to an efficient and clean energy utilization and storage device, and has an energy storage function. The specific working principle is as follows: connecting a regenerative hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell with a power generation device, and electrolyzing pure water by using redundant electric energy by using a proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell in a system during the electricity consumption valley period to generate hydrogen and oxygen which are respectively stored in a hydrogen and oxygen storage device; when the electricity consumption is in a peak period, the hydrogen and the oxygen are introduced into the fuel cell to generate chemical reaction to generate electric energy to supplement the power supply, and the surplus electric energy in the renewable energy system can be stored to be used when the system is insufficient in power supply. The hydrogen can be stored separately for energy storage and used as fuel energy storage.
At present, the normal-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell mostly works under the low-pressure condition (less than or equal to 3MPa), and therefore, hydrogen pressure boosting equipment is required to be added at the rear end to increase the hydrogen pressure so as to be matched with a common hydrogen storage and transportation system. The high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell works under the high-pressure operation condition (20 MPa-30 MPa), a cathode liquid discharge port of the high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell can discharge high-pressure aqueous solution mixed with hydrogen, the discharged hydrogen has higher pressure, the investment of hydrogen compression equipment can be avoided, the hydrogen compression energy consumption is saved in daily operation, and the electrolytic efficiency of the high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell is higher, so that a high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic system for electrolyzing by using a high-pressure proton electrolyzer is the main development direction of the existing proton exchange membrane electrolytic water field.
However, when the existing high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic water system works, the water amount in the water circulation pipeline is gradually reduced along with the high-pressure electrolysis, a water replenishing pump is needed to replenish the water solution in the water circulation pipeline, and the water replenishing pump has high energy consumption, so that the overall energy conversion efficiency of the existing high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic water system is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: when the existing high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic water system works, a water replenishing pump is needed to replenish water solution into a water circulation pipeline, and the water replenishing pump has high energy consumption, so that the overall energy conversion efficiency of the existing high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic water system is low.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic water system, which comprises a high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell, a water tank, an anode circulating pipeline and a cathode circulating pipeline, wherein the high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic tank is connected with the water tank; the high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell is provided with an anode water inlet, a cathode water inlet, an anode exhaust port for discharging the aqueous solution mixed with oxygen and a cathode exhaust port for discharging the aqueous solution mixed with hydrogen;
the anode circulating pipeline is provided with a first jet vacuum pump and a first gas-liquid separator; a liquid inlet of the first jet vacuum pump is communicated with the anode exhaust port, a liquid outlet of the first jet vacuum pump is communicated with a liquid inlet of the first gas-liquid separator, a liquid suction port of the first jet vacuum pump is communicated with the water tank, and a liquid outlet of the first gas-liquid separator is communicated with the anode water inlet;
the cathode circulating pipeline is provided with a second jet vacuum pump and a second gas-liquid separator; a liquid inlet of the second jet vacuum pump is communicated with the cathode exhaust port, a liquid outlet of the second jet vacuum pump is communicated with a liquid inlet of the second gas-liquid separator, and a liquid suction port of the second jet vacuum pump is communicated with the water tank; and the liquid outlet of the second gas-liquid separator is communicated with the cathode water inlet.
Preferably, a first liquid level sensor is arranged in the first gas-liquid separator, and a first control valve is arranged at a liquid suction port of the first jet vacuum pump;
a second liquid level sensor is arranged in the second gas-liquid separator, and a second control valve is arranged at a liquid suction port of the second jet vacuum pump;
the high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic water system further comprises a controller, and the first liquid level sensor, the first control valve, the second liquid level sensor and the second control valve are electrically connected with the controller.
Preferably, a first liquid suction pipe is connected to a liquid suction port of the first jet vacuum pump, the first control valve is arranged on the first liquid suction pipe, and the first liquid suction pipe is further provided with a first one-way valve which enables the aqueous solution in the water tank to flow into the liquid suction port of the first jet vacuum pump;
and a second liquid suction pipe is connected to a liquid suction port of the second jet vacuum pump, the second control valve is arranged on the second liquid suction pipe, and a second one-way valve for enabling the aqueous solution in the water tank to flow into the liquid suction port of the second jet vacuum pump is further arranged on the second liquid suction pipe.
Preferably, a first filtering device is further arranged on the anode circulating pipeline, a water inlet of the first filtering device is communicated with a liquid outlet of the first gas-liquid separator, and a water outlet of the first filtering device is communicated with the anode water inlet;
and a second filtering device is further arranged on the cathode circulating pipeline, a water inlet of the second filtering device is communicated with a liquid outlet of the second gas-liquid separator, and a water outlet of the second filtering device is communicated with the cathode water inlet.
Preferably, the first filtering device comprises a first filter and a first deionizer, and the first deionizer is positioned between the first filter and the anode water inlet;
the first filter is used for filtering solid particles in the water solution flowing into the anode water inlet; the first deionizer is used for removing ions in the aqueous solution flowing into the anode water inlet;
the second filtering device comprises a second filter and a second deionizer, the second deionizer is positioned between the second filter and the cathode water inlet;
the second filter is used for filtering solid particles in the water solution flowing into the cathode water inlet; the second deionizer is used for removing ions in the aqueous solution flowing into the cathode water inlet.
Preferably, a first cooling device is further arranged on the anode circulating pipeline, and the first cooling device is positioned between the first filtering device and the first gas-liquid separator;
the first cooling device comprises a first heat exchanger, a first radiator and a first cooling liquid circulating pump; the first heat exchanger is used for cooling the aqueous solution flowing out of the liquid outlet of the first gas-liquid separator, and a cooling liquid is arranged in an inner cavity of the first heat exchanger; an inner cavity of the first radiator is communicated with an inner cavity of the first heat exchanger, and the first cooling liquid circulating pump is arranged between the first heat exchanger and the first radiator;
the cathode circulation pipeline is also provided with a second cooling device which is positioned between the second filtering device and the second gas-liquid separator;
the second cooling device comprises a second heat exchanger, a second radiator and a second cooling liquid circulating pump; the second heat exchanger is used for cooling the aqueous solution flowing out of the liquid outlet of the second gas-liquid separator, and a cooling liquid is arranged in an inner cavity of the second heat exchanger; the inner cavity of the second radiator is communicated with the inner cavity of the second heat exchanger; the second coolant circulation pump is disposed between the second heat exchanger and the second radiator.
Preferably, the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are both plate heat exchangers.
As a preferred scheme, a first circulating pump is arranged on the anode circulating pipeline, a liquid inlet of the first circulating pump is communicated with a liquid outlet of the first gas-liquid separator, and a liquid outlet of the first circulating pump is communicated with a liquid inlet of the first heat exchanger;
and a second circulating pump is arranged on the cathode circulating pipeline, a liquid inlet of the second circulating pump is communicated with a liquid outlet of the second gas-liquid separator, and a liquid outlet of the second circulating pump is communicated with a liquid inlet of the second heat exchanger.
Preferably, a hydrogen dryer is connected to an exhaust port of the second gas-liquid separator, a hydrogen tank is connected to an air outlet of the hydrogen dryer, a hydrogen tank inlet control valve is arranged at an air inlet of the hydrogen tank, and a pressure vessel safety valve is arranged at an outlet of the hydrogen tank.
Preferably, an oxygen dryer is connected to an exhaust port of the first gas-liquid separator, and an oxygen emptying control valve for adjusting the oxygen pressure in the first gas-liquid separator is connected to an air outlet of the oxygen dryer.
Compared with the prior art, the high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic water system has the beneficial effects that:
the high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic water system comprises a high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell, a water tank, an anode circulating pipeline and a cathode circulating pipeline; the high-voltage proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell is provided with an anode water inlet, an anode exhaust port, a cathode water inlet and a cathode exhaust port; the anode circulating pipeline is provided with a first jet vacuum pump and a first gas-liquid separator; when the high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolyzer works, high-pressure water mixed with oxygen is discharged from an anode exhaust hole and enters the liquid inlet of the first jet vacuum pump, so that negative pressure is formed in the first jet vacuum pump, the water solution in the water tank enters the first jet vacuum pump through the liquid suction hole of the first jet vacuum pump and is mixed with the high-pressure water solution, then the water solution is discharged from the liquid discharge hole of the first jet vacuum pump to the first gas-liquid separator, and the water solution after oxygen separation by the first gas-liquid separator enters the anode water inlet; the cathode circulating pipeline is provided with a second jet vacuum pump and a second gas-liquid separator; a liquid inlet of the second jet vacuum pump is communicated with the cathode exhaust port, a liquid outlet of the second jet vacuum pump is communicated with a liquid inlet of the second gas-liquid separator, and a liquid suction port of the second jet vacuum pump is communicated with the water tank; and a liquid discharge port of the second gas-liquid separator is communicated with the cathode water inlet, a high-pressure aqueous solution mixed with hydrogen is discharged from the cathode exhaust port, the high-pressure aqueous solution enters a liquid inlet of the second jet vacuum pump, so that negative pressure is formed in the second jet vacuum pump, the aqueous solution in the water tank enters the second jet vacuum pump under the action of the negative pressure and is mixed with the high-pressure aqueous solution, then the aqueous solution is discharged into the second gas-liquid separator from the liquid discharge port of the second jet vacuum pump, and the aqueous solution after oxygen separation by the second gas-liquid separator enters the cathode water inlet. Therefore, the first jet vacuum pump in the anode circulating pipeline and the second jet vacuum pump in the cathode circulating pipeline both utilize the pressure generated by the high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell to replenish water, a water pump is not required to be additionally arranged to replenish water, and the energy consumption of the high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic water system is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high pressure PEM electrolytic water system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure, 100, an anode circulation line; 200. a cathode circulation line; 1. a high-voltage proton exchange membrane electrolyzer; 1a, an anode water inlet; 1b, an anode exhaust port; 1c, a cathode water inlet; 1d, cathode exhaust; 2. a water tank; 3a, a first jet vacuum pump; 31a, a first control valve; 32a, a first one-way valve; 3b, a second jet vacuum pump; 31b, a second control valve; 32b, a second one-way valve; 4a, a first gas-liquid separator; 41a, an oxygen drier; 42a, an oxygen emptying control valve; 4b, a second gas-liquid separator; 41b, a hydrogen drier; 5a, a first filtering device; 51a, a first filter; 52a, a first deionizer; 5b, a second filtering device; 51b, a first filter; 52b, a first deionizer; 6a, a first cooling device; 61a, a first heat exchanger; 62a, a first heat sink; 63a, a first cooling liquid circulating pump; 6b, a second cooling device; 61b, a second heat exchanger; 62b, a second heat sink; 63b, a second cooling liquid circulating pump; 7. a hydrogen tank; 71. a hydrogen tank inlet control valve; 72. a pressure vessel relief valve; 8a, a first circulating pump; 8b, a second circulating pump; 91a, a first temperature and pressure sensor; 92a, a second temperature and pressure sensor; 93a, a first temperature sensor; 94a, a third temperature and pressure sensor; 91b, a fourth temperature pressure sensor; 92b, a fifth temperature and pressure sensor; 93b, a sixth temperature and pressure sensor; 94b, a seventh temperature and pressure sensor; 95b, a second temperature sensor; 96b, an eighth temperature pressure sensor.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. It should be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. are used herein to describe various information, but the information should not be limited to these terms, which are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, "first" information may also be referred to as "second" information, and similarly, "second" information may also be referred to as "first" information, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the preferred embodiment of the high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic water system of the present invention comprises a high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell 1, a water tank 2, an anode circulation pipeline 100, a cathode circulation pipeline 200; the high-voltage proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell 1 is provided with an anode water inlet 1a, an anode exhaust port 1b, a cathode water inlet 1c and a cathode exhaust port 1 d; the anode circulation pipeline 100 is provided with a first jet vacuum pump 3a and a first gas-liquid separator 4 a; a liquid inlet of the first jet vacuum pump 3a is communicated with the anode exhaust port 1b, a liquid outlet of the first jet vacuum pump 3a is communicated with a liquid inlet of the first gas-liquid separator 4a, a liquid suction port of the first jet vacuum pump 3a is communicated with the water tank 2, and a liquid outlet of the first gas-liquid separator 4a is communicated with the anode water inlet 1 a; the cathode circulation pipeline 200 is provided with a second jet vacuum pump 3b and a second gas-liquid separator 4 b; a liquid inlet of the second jet vacuum pump 3b is communicated with the cathode exhaust port 1d, a liquid outlet of the second jet vacuum pump 3b is communicated with a liquid inlet of the second gas-liquid separator 4b, and a liquid suction port of the second jet vacuum pump 3b is communicated with the water tank 2; the liquid outlet of the second gas-liquid separator 4b communicates with the cathode water inlet 1 c.
Specifically, when the high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 1 works, high-pressure aqueous solution mixed with oxygen is discharged from the anode exhaust hole 1b, the high-pressure aqueous solution enters the liquid inlet of the first jet vacuum pump 3a, so that negative pressure is formed in the first jet vacuum pump 3a, the aqueous solution in the water tank 2 enters the first jet vacuum pump 3a through the liquid suction port of the first jet vacuum pump 3a under the action of the negative pressure and is mixed with the high-pressure aqueous solution, then the aqueous solution is discharged from the liquid discharge port of the first jet vacuum pump to the first gas-liquid separator 4a, and the aqueous solution after oxygen separation by the first gas-liquid separator 4a enters the anode water inlet 1 a; meanwhile, the high-pressure aqueous solution mixed with hydrogen is discharged from the cathode exhaust port 1d, and enters the liquid inlet of the second jet vacuum pump 3b, so that negative pressure is formed in the second jet vacuum pump 3b, the aqueous solution in the water tank 2 enters the second jet vacuum pump 3b under the action of the negative pressure and is mixed with the high-pressure aqueous solution, and then is discharged from the liquid outlet of the second jet vacuum pump 3b to the second gas-liquid separator 4b, and the aqueous solution after oxygen separation by the second gas-liquid separator 4b enters the cathode water inlet 1 c. Therefore, the first jet vacuum pump 3a in the anode circulation pipeline 100 and the second jet vacuum pump 3b in the cathode circulation pipeline 200 both utilize the pressure generated by the high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 1 to replenish water, and no additional water pump is needed to replenish water, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic water system. A second temperature and pressure sensor 92a is arranged between the first jet vacuum pump 3a and the first gas-liquid separator 4a, and the second temperature and pressure sensor 92a can monitor the operation condition of the first jet vacuum pump 3 a. A fifth temperature and pressure sensor 92b is provided between the second jet vacuum pump 3b and the second gas-liquid separator 4b, and the fifth temperature and pressure sensor 92b can monitor the operating condition of the second jet vacuum pump 3 b. When the working pressure of the high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell 1 is more than or equal to 15Mpa, the normal work of the first jet vacuum pump 3a and the second jet vacuum pump 3b can be ensured, the investment of hydrogen compression equipment can be avoided, and the hydrogen compression energy consumption can be saved in daily operation. The existing high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell can work under the high-pressure operation condition of 20MPa to 30MPa and can meet the use requirements of the application.
Preferably, the operating pressure of the high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell 1 in the present embodiment is greater than or equal to 15Mpa and less than or equal to 30Mpa, because the operating pressure is too high, which easily reduces the operating stability of the high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic water system and increases the cost.
It should be noted that the first jet vacuum pump 3a and the second jet vacuum pump 3b are both fluid power pumps, and the fluid power pumps have no mechanical transmission and mechanical working components, and use the energy of another working fluid as a power source to deliver low-energy liquid. Jet vacuum pump is often used in the mixture of gas and liquid or liquid and liquid at present, and this application has realized the moisturizing to the electrolysis water system through setting up jet vacuum pump behind high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolysis cell 1, utilizes the pressure of high-pressure proton exchange membrane 1's gas vent as power, has reduced high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolysis water system's energy consumption, has improved electrolysis system's energy conversion efficiency.
Wherein, a first liquid level sensor is arranged in the first gas-liquid separator 4a, and a first control valve 31a is arranged at a liquid suction port of the first jet vacuum pump 3 a; a second liquid level sensor is arranged in the second gas-liquid separator 4b, and a second control valve 31b is arranged at a liquid suction port of the second jet vacuum pump 3 b; the high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic water system further comprises a controller, and the first liquid level sensor, the first control valve 31a, the second liquid level sensor and the second control valve 31b are all electrically connected with the controller. Specifically, the first gas-liquid separator 4a separates the water-containing solution mixed with oxygen into water and oxygen, the separated water accumulates in the first gas-liquid separator 4a and flows into the anode circulation line 100, when the water level in the first gas-liquid separator 4a is lower than the first liquid level sensor, the controller opens the first control valve 31a to make the water in the water tank 2 enter the first jet vacuum pump 3a, so as to replenish the anode circulation line 100, and the cathode circulation line is replenished with water in the same manner as the anode.
In this embodiment, a first liquid suction pipe is connected to a liquid suction port of the first jet vacuum pump 3a, the first control valve 31a is disposed on the first liquid suction pipe, and a first check valve 32a for making the aqueous solution in the water tank 2 flow into the liquid suction port of the first jet vacuum pump 3a is further disposed on the first liquid suction pipe; a second liquid suction pipe is connected to the liquid suction port of the second jet vacuum pump 3b, and a second control valve 31b is provided in the second liquid suction pipe, and a second check valve 32b for allowing the aqueous solution in the water tank 2 to flow into the liquid suction port of the second jet vacuum pump 3b is further provided in the second liquid suction pipe. The first check valve 32a can prevent the water in the first gas-liquid separator 4a from flowing back into the tank 2, and the second check valve 32b can prevent the water in the second gas-liquid separator 4b from flowing back into the tank 2. Further improving the stability of the high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic water system.
In this embodiment, the anode circulation pipeline 100 is further provided with a first filtering device 5a, a water inlet of the first filtering device 5a is communicated with a liquid outlet of the first gas-liquid separator 4a, and a water outlet of the first filtering device 5a is communicated with the anode water inlet 1 a; the cathode circulation pipeline 200 is further provided with a second filtering device 5b, a water inlet of the second filtering device 5b is communicated with a liquid outlet of the second gas-liquid separator 4b, and a water outlet of the second filtering device 5b is communicated with the cathode water inlet 1 c. Specifically, the first filtering device 5a includes a first filter 51a and a first deionizer 52a, the first deionizer 52a being located between the first filter 51a and the anode water inlet 1 a; the first filter 51a is used for filtering solid particles in the aqueous solution flowing into the anode water inlet 1 a; the first deionizer 52a is for removing ions from the aqueous solution flowing into the anode water inlet 1 a; the second filtering device 5b comprises a second filter 51b and a second deionizer 52b, the second deionizer 52b being located between the second filter 51b and the cathode water inlet 1 c; the second filter 51b is for filtering solid particles in the aqueous solution flowing into the cathode water inlet 1 c; the second deionizer 52b is for removing ions from the aqueous solution flowing into the cathode water inlet 1 c. The arrangement of the filtering device 5 improves the water quality entering the high-voltage proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell 1, ensures the electrolytic efficiency and prolongs the service life of the high-voltage proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell.
In this embodiment, the anode circulation line 100 is further provided with a first cooling device 6a, and the first cooling device 6a is located between the first filtering device 5a and the first gas-liquid separator 4 a; the first cooling device 6a includes a first heat exchanger 61a, a first radiator 62a, and a first coolant circulation pump 63 a; the first heat exchanger 61a is used for cooling the aqueous solution flowing out of the liquid outlet of the first gas-liquid separator 4a, and a cooling liquid is arranged in the inner cavity of the first heat exchanger 61 a; an inner cavity of the first radiator 62a is communicated with an inner cavity of the first heat exchanger 61a, and a first coolant circulating pump 63a is arranged between the first heat exchanger 61a and the first radiator 62 a; the cathode circulating pipeline 200 is also provided with a second cooling device 6b, and the second cooling device 6b is positioned between the second filtering device 5b and the second gas-liquid separator 4 b; the second cooling device 6b includes a second heat exchanger 61b, a second radiator 62b, and a second coolant circulation pump 63 b; the second heat exchanger 61b is used for cooling the aqueous solution flowing out of the liquid outlet of the second gas-liquid separator 4b, and a cooling liquid is arranged in the inner cavity of the second heat exchanger 61 b; the inner cavity of the second radiator 62b is communicated with the inner cavity of the second heat exchanger 61b to cool the cooling liquid; a second coolant circulation pump 63b is provided between the second heat exchanger 61b and the second radiator 62b to drive the coolant to circulate between the second radiator and the second heat exchanger. The anode circulating pipeline 100 is further provided with a first temperature sensor 93a, the first temperature sensor 93a is located between the first cooling device 6a and the anode water inlet 1c, the temperature of water entering the high-voltage proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell 1 can be controlled by the arrangement of the first cooling device 6a, the service life of the high-voltage proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell is further prolonged, and the working stability of the high-voltage proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell is guaranteed. Specifically, the first heat exchanger 61a and the second heat exchanger 61b are both plate heat exchangers, and the first radiator 62a is a tube-fin radiator and fan integrated product for heat exchange between the anode cooling circulating water and air.
In this embodiment, the exhaust port of the second gas-liquid separator 4b is connected to a hydrogen dryer 41b, the gas outlet of the hydrogen dryer 41b is connected to a hydrogen tank 7, the gas inlet of the hydrogen tank 7 is provided with a hydrogen tank inlet control valve 71, and the outlet of the hydrogen tank 7 is provided with a pressure vessel safety valve 72, wherein the hydrogen tank inlet control valve 71 is a general high-pressure gas control valve for controlling whether to inflate the hydrogen tank, and the pressure vessel safety valve 72 is a high-pressure vessel bottleneck valve for controlling the discharge of hydrogen. A sixth temperature and pressure sensor 93b is arranged between the hydrogen dryer 41b and the hydrogen tank inlet control valve 71, and the sixth temperature and pressure sensor 93b is used for monitoring the operation condition of the dryer 41b and can detect the hydrogen pressure at the inlet of the hydrogen tank; a seventh temperature and pressure sensor 94b is arranged between the outlet of the hydrogen tank 7 and the pressure vessel safety valve 72, and the seventh temperature and pressure sensor 94b can detect the gas pressure in the hydrogen tank 7, so that the use safety of the hydrogen tank is ensured.
In this embodiment, an oxygen dryer 41a is connected to the exhaust port of the first gas-liquid separator 4a, and an oxygen purge control valve 42a for adjusting the oxygen pressure in the first gas-liquid separator is connected to the outlet port of the oxygen dryer 41 a.
In this embodiment, the anode circulating pipeline 100 is provided with a first circulating pump 8a, a liquid inlet of the first circulating pump 8a is communicated with a liquid outlet of the first gas-liquid separator 4a, and a liquid outlet of the first circulating pump 8a is communicated with the anode water inlet 1 a; the first circulating pump 8a can provide external circulating power for circulating water in the anode circulating pipeline 100, so that the running stability of the high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic water system is improved; be equipped with second circulating pump 8b on the cathode circulating pipeline 100, the inlet of second circulating pump 8b and the leakage fluid dram intercommunication of second vapour and liquid separator 4b, the liquid outlet and the negative pole water inlet 1c intercommunication of second circulating pump 8b, second circulating pump 8b can provide plus circulating power for the circulating water in the cathode circulating pipeline 200, has further improved the stability of high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic water system operation.
It should be noted that the first circulation pump 8a may be disposed at any position of the anode circulation line 100 between the first gas-liquid separator 4a and the anode water inlet 1a, and preferably, the first circulation pump 8a is disposed between the first cooling device 6a and the first gas-liquid separator 4a in this embodiment; the second circulation pump 8b may be disposed at any position of the cathode circulation line 200 between the second gas-liquid separator 4b and the cathode water inlet 1c, and preferably, the second circulation pump 8b is disposed between the second cooling device 6b and the second gas-liquid separator 4b in this embodiment.
In this embodiment, a third temperature and pressure sensor 94a is disposed at the anode water inlet 1a, a first temperature and pressure sensor 91a is disposed at the anode exhaust port 1b, the operating condition of the anode side of the high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolyzer can be determined by monitoring the temperature and the pressure difference between the first temperature and pressure sensor 91a and the third temperature and pressure sensor 94a, an eighth temperature and pressure sensor 96b is disposed at the cathode water inlet 1c, and a fourth temperature and pressure sensor 91b is disposed at the cathode exhaust port, and the operating condition of the cathode side of the high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolyzer can be determined by monitoring the temperature and the pressure difference between the fourth temperature and pressure sensor 91b and the eighth temperature and pressure sensor 96b, so as to ensure the operating stability of the high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolyzer.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic water system is characterized by comprising a high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic tank (1), a water tank (2), an anode circulating pipeline (100) and a cathode circulating pipeline (200); the high-voltage proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell (1) is provided with an anode water inlet (1a), a cathode water inlet (1c), an anode exhaust port (1b) for discharging the aqueous solution mixed with oxygen and a cathode exhaust port (1d) for discharging the aqueous solution mixed with hydrogen;
a first jet vacuum pump (3a) and a first gas-liquid separator (4a) are arranged on the anode circulating pipeline (100); a liquid inlet of the first jet vacuum pump (3a) is communicated with the anode exhaust port (1b), a liquid outlet of the first jet vacuum pump (3a) is communicated with a liquid inlet of the first gas-liquid separator (4a), a liquid suction port of the first jet vacuum pump (3a) is communicated with the water tank (2), and a liquid outlet of the first gas-liquid separator (4a) is communicated with the anode water inlet (1 a);
a second jet vacuum pump (3b) and a second gas-liquid separator (4b) are arranged on the cathode circulating pipeline (200); a liquid inlet of the second jet vacuum pump (3b) is communicated with the cathode exhaust port (1d), a liquid outlet of the second jet vacuum pump (3b) is communicated with a liquid inlet of the second gas-liquid separator (4b), and a liquid suction port of the second jet vacuum pump (3b) is communicated with the water tank (2); and the liquid outlet of the second gas-liquid separator (4b) is communicated with the cathode water inlet (1 c).
2. The high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic water system according to claim 1, wherein a first liquid level sensor is arranged in the first gas-liquid separator (4a), and a first control valve (31a) is arranged at a liquid suction port of the first jet vacuum pump (3 a);
a second liquid level sensor is arranged in the second gas-liquid separator (4b), and a second control valve (31b) is arranged at a liquid suction port of the second jet vacuum pump (3 b);
the high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic water system further comprises a controller, and the first liquid level sensor, the first control valve (31a), the second liquid level sensor and the second control valve (31b) are electrically connected with the controller.
3. The high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic water system as claimed in claim 2, wherein a first liquid suction pipe is connected to a liquid suction port of the first jet vacuum pump (3a), the first control valve (31a) is arranged on the first liquid suction pipe, and a first check valve (32a) which enables the water solution in the water tank (2) to flow into the liquid suction port of the first jet vacuum pump (3a) is further arranged on the first liquid suction pipe;
a second liquid suction pipe is connected to a liquid suction port of the second jet vacuum pump (3b), the second control valve (31b) is arranged on the second liquid suction pipe, and a second one-way valve (32b) which enables the aqueous solution in the water tank (2) to flow into the liquid suction port of the second jet vacuum pump (3b) is further arranged on the second liquid suction pipe.
4. The high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic water system as claimed in claim 1, wherein a first filtering device (5a) is further disposed on the anode circulating pipeline (100), a water inlet of the first filtering device (5a) is communicated with a liquid outlet of the first gas-liquid separator (4a), and a water outlet of the first filtering device (5a) is communicated with the anode water inlet (1 a);
and a second filtering device (5b) is further arranged on the cathode circulating pipeline (200), a water inlet of the second filtering device (5b) is communicated with a liquid outlet of the second gas-liquid separator (4b), and a water outlet of the second filtering device (5b) is communicated with the cathode water inlet (1 c).
5. The high pressure proton exchange membrane electrolysis water system according to claim 4, wherein the first filtering device (5a) comprises a first filter (51a) and a first deionizer (52a), the first deionizer (52a) being located between the first filter (51a) and the anode water inlet (1 a);
the second filtering device (5b) comprises a second filter (51b) and a second deionizer (52b), the second deionizer (52b) being located between the second filter (51b) and the cathode water inlet (1 c).
6. The high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic water system according to claim 4, wherein a first cooling device (6a) is further arranged on the anode circulating pipeline (100), and the first cooling device (6a) is positioned between the first filtering device (5a) and the first gas-liquid separator (4 a);
the first cooling device (6a) comprises a first heat exchanger (61a), a first radiator (62a), a first coolant circulating pump (63 a); the first heat exchanger (61a) is used for cooling the aqueous solution flowing out of the liquid outlet of the first gas-liquid separator (4a), and a cooling liquid is arranged in the inner cavity of the first heat exchanger (61 a); the inner cavity of the first radiator (62a) is communicated with the inner cavity of the first heat exchanger (61a), and the first cooling liquid circulating pump (63a) is arranged between the first heat exchanger (61a) and the first radiator (62 a);
the cathode circulating pipeline (200) is also provided with a second cooling device (6b), and the second cooling device (6b) is positioned between the second filtering device (5b) and the second gas-liquid separator (4 b);
the second cooling device (6b) comprises a second heat exchanger (61b), a second radiator (62b) and a second cooling liquid circulating pump (63 b); the second heat exchanger (61b) is used for cooling the aqueous solution flowing out of the liquid outlet of the second gas-liquid separator (4b), and a cooling liquid is arranged in the inner cavity of the second heat exchanger (61 b); the inner cavity of the second radiator (62b) is communicated with the inner cavity of the second heat exchanger (61 b); the second coolant circulation pump (63b) is disposed between the second heat exchanger (61b) and the second radiator (62 b).
7. The high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic water system according to claim 6, wherein the first heat exchanger (61a) and the second heat exchanger (61b) are both plate heat exchangers.
8. The high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic water system as claimed in claim 6, wherein a first circulating pump (8a) is arranged on the anode circulating pipeline (100), a liquid inlet of the first circulating pump (8a) is communicated with a liquid outlet of the first gas-liquid separator (4a), and a liquid outlet of the first circulating pump (8a) is communicated with a liquid inlet of the first heat exchanger (61 a);
and a second circulating pump (8b) is arranged on the cathode circulating pipeline (100), a liquid inlet of the second circulating pump (8b) is communicated with a liquid outlet of the second gas-liquid separator (4b), and a liquid outlet of the second circulating pump (8b) is communicated with a liquid inlet of the second heat exchanger (61 b).
9. The high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic water system according to claim 1, wherein a hydrogen dryer (41b) is connected to an exhaust port of the second gas-liquid separator (4b), a hydrogen tank (7) is connected to an air outlet of the hydrogen dryer (41b), a hydrogen tank inlet control valve (71) is arranged at an air inlet of the hydrogen tank (7), and a pressure vessel safety valve (72) is arranged at an outlet of the hydrogen tank (7).
10. The high-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic water system according to claim 1, wherein an oxygen dryer (41a) is connected to an exhaust port of the first gas-liquid separator (4a), and an oxygen vent control valve (42a) for adjusting the pressure of oxygen in the first gas-liquid separator is connected to an air outlet of the oxygen dryer (41 a).
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