CN113667230A - Production process of polystyrene foamed sheet with ultralow foaming rate - Google Patents
Production process of polystyrene foamed sheet with ultralow foaming rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN113667230A CN113667230A CN202111068175.2A CN202111068175A CN113667230A CN 113667230 A CN113667230 A CN 113667230A CN 202111068175 A CN202111068175 A CN 202111068175A CN 113667230 A CN113667230 A CN 113667230A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
- C08J9/141—Hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0066—Use of inorganic compounding ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/14—Saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. butane; Unspecified hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2325/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2325/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08J2325/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08J2325/06—Polystyrene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
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Abstract
The invention relates to a production process of a polystyrene foaming plate with ultralow foaming rate, which is characterized in that the using amount of talcum powder is reduced to 0.15-0.35 part by weight, and then 3L-5L (L is the target thickness) of foamed holes with micron-sized diameter and 10-sized density are extruded4~105Per cm3The transition foaming board is pressed to the polystyrene foaming board with the thickness of L by applying vertical pressure to the transition foaming board through the pressing plate, so that the polystyrene foaming board has stronger toughness, and the application range of the polystyrene foaming board is enlarged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material foaming, in particular to a production process of a polystyrene foaming plate with ultralow foaming rate.
Background
The polystyrene foaming board has good heat insulation performance, compression resistance and freeze-thaw resistance, and is widely applied to various fields. The production process of the polystyrene foaming plate mainly comprises 4 main stages of polymer melt-foaming agent homogeneous phase solution formation, bubble nucleation, bubble growth and solidification and shaping, and specifically comprises the steps of mixing polystyrene, a foaming agent, a nucleating agent and a foaming auxiliary agent, adding the mixture into an extrusion foaming machine set for foaming, extruding a foaming product from a machine head, leveling, cooling and shaping to form the final polystyrene foaming plate. In the 4 main stages, the nucleation quantity and the distribution condition of the bubbles determine the final bubble size and the distribution condition of the foamed sheet, and the nucleating agent added into the polystyrene can effectively increase the density of the bubbles, reduce the diameter of the bubbles and improve the morphology of the bubbles.
At present, talcum powder is one of the more commonly used nucleating agents in the foaming process of polystyrene. According to the records of the influence of nucleating agents on the performance of polystyrene extruded foamed plates published in 2016 (see pages 66 to 68 in the journal), the use amount of talcum powder has certain influence on the cell diameter and cell density of polystyrene foam: when no talcum powder is added, the average size of the foam holes exceeds 2mm, and the density of the foam holes is 2.2 multiplied by 103Per cm3(ii) a When 0.5 part by weight of talcum powder is added, the nucleation energy barrier is reduced due to the existence of heterogeneous nucleation points, the bubble nucleation is facilitated, the average size of the cells is reduced to 313.8 mu m, and the cell density is increased to 1.2 multiplied by 106Per cm3(ii) a When the talc was increased to 1 part by weight, the average cell size was reduced to 107.3 μm and the cell density increased to 2.6X 107Per cm3The size of the foam holes is obviously reduced, and the density of the foam holes is obviously increased; when the amount of the talc is more than 1 part by weight, the foamed cell size increases, but the cell density becomes lower, because when the amount of the talc is more than 1 part by weight, although the talc can perform a nucleating effect, too much talc causes the cells to be broken and merged, and finally the cell size distribution becomes wider. Therefore, in order to obtain a good foaming effect, in the actual production process of the polystyrene foamed sheet, 0.8-1 part by weight of talcum powder is generally adopted as a nucleating agent, the foaming rate of the polystyrene foamed sheet which is finally cooled and shaped is usually 15-25 times, and the foamed material has good resilience. However, the polystyrene foamed sheet with 15 to 25 times of foaming rate has the defect of insufficient toughness and easy breakage, can only be used as a billboard, a lamp box and the like generally, and is difficult to be applied to a packaging material.
The toughness of the polystyrene foamed sheet depends on the cell diameter and the cell density, and generally, the polystyrene foamed sheet with small cell diameter and small cell density, that is, the polystyrene foamed sheet with low foaming rate has higher toughness and is closer to the characteristics of raw materials. From the experimental data of the above documents, it can be known that, although the cell density is small without adding nucleating agents such as talc powder, the cell diameter is as high as 2mm, with the addition of the nucleating agents such as talc powder, the cell diameter is greatly reduced, but the cell density is greatly improved, and from the aspect of the foaming effect alone, the foaming effect is really and greatly improved, but the toughness of the polystyrene foamed sheet is still very low, as the most commonly used 15-25 times polystyrene foamed sheet at present has the defect of insufficient toughness and easy breakage, and can only be used as a billboard, a light box and the like, which causes that the polystyrene foamed sheet at present is difficult to be applied to packaging materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of providing a production process of a polystyrene foamed plate with an ultralow foaming rate, wherein the production process of the polystyrene foamed plate with the ultralow foaming rate can enable the polystyrene foamed plate to have stronger toughness and improve the application range of the polystyrene foamed plate. The technical scheme is as follows:
a production process of a polystyrene foaming plate with ultralow foaming rate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing polystyrene and talcum powder to form a mixture to be foamed, wherein each 100 parts by weight of the mixture to be foamed contains 0.15-0.35 part by weight of talcum powder;
(2) adding the mixture to be foamed mixed in the step (1) into an extrusion foaming machine, and then filling butane gas into the extrusion foaming machine for foaming;
(3) the diameter of an extrusion foam hole of the extrusion foaming machine is micron-sized according to the thickness of 3L-5L, and the density of the extrusion foam hole is 104~105Per cm3The transition foamed sheet of (1), wherein L is a target thickness;
(4) cooling and shaping the transition foaming plate;
(5) cutting the transitional foamed sheet with the set thickness according to a preset size;
(6) and flatly placing a pressing plate with the size larger than or equal to the preset size on the surface of the cut transition foaming plate, applying vertical pressure to the transition foaming plate through the pressing plate, and pressing the transition foaming plate with the thickness of 3L-5L to the thickness of L to form the polystyrene foaming plate.
In step (2) above, butane gas acts as a physical blowing agent throughout the foaming process.
According to the hot spot nucleation theory and the experimental data in the literature data cited in the background technology of the present specification, it is shown that: when no talcum powder is added, the average size of the foam holes exceeds 2mm, and the density of the foam holes is 2.2 multiplied by 103Per cm3(ii) a When 0.5 part by weight of talcum powder is added, the nucleation energy barrier is reduced due to the existence of heterogeneous nucleation points, the bubble nucleation is facilitated, the average size of the cells is reduced to 313.8 mu m, and the cell density is 1.2 multiplied by 106Per cm3(ii) a When the talc was increased to 1 part by weight, the average cell size was reduced to 107.3 μm and the cell density increased to 2.6X 107Per cm3The cell size is significantly reduced and the cell density is significantly increased. Based on the beneficial effects obtained by the process, the diameter of the cells of the transitional foamed sheet must be controlled to be micron-sized, and the density of the cells is controlled to be 104~105Per cm3. On the basis of taking the experimental data, the experimental chart curve and the like as references, the formula of the transition foaming sheet is adjusted, and through repeated derivation and test, the use amount of the talcum powder in each 100 parts by weight of the mixture to be foamed is adjusted to 0.15-0.35 part by weight, so that the diameter of the foam hole is greatly reduced to a micron level, and meanwhile, the density of the foam hole is closer to the level before the talcum powder is added, thereby being beneficial to the subsequent damage of the foam hole.
After the extrusion transition foaming plate is cooled and shaped, the pressing plate with the size larger than or equal to the preset size is flatly placed on the surface of the cut transition foaming plate, vertical pressure is applied to the transition foaming plate through the pressing plate, all cells of the transition foaming plate are damaged, air in part of the transition foaming plate is extruded, damage points of the cells are located at the left end and the right end of the cells, namely the cells are transversely broken, and the connection relation of the cells in the up-down direction and the front-back direction cannot be damaged. Simultaneously, the strong point of support of alveolus receives the damage from the left and right directions, makes to produce the dislocation between the alveolus, and then makes transition foaming panel can't rely on self to produce after the pressurized and kick-backs, makes the polystyrene foaming panel that finally forms have very strong toughness, can regard as the material use of the pressure-sensitive strip of packing bottleneck, filling bottleneck after the compound membrane, can replace corrugated container board to make carton etc. even.
On the other hand, the extrusion foaming machine extrudes the foam with the thickness of 3L-5L, the diameter of the foam is micron, the density of the foam is 104~105Per cm3The foaming rate of the transitional foamed sheet is generally 8-12 times, and after the transitional foamed sheet is vertically pressed into L by a pressing plate, the finally obtained polystyrene foamed sheet has the ultralow foaming rate of 2-3 times, namely, the performance of the obtained polystyrene foamed sheet is closer to that of polystyrene, and the polystyrene foamed sheet has the characteristics of light weight, high toughness and the like.
As a preferable embodiment of the present invention, the mixture to be foamed in the step (1) contains 0.2 parts by weight of talc per 100 parts by weight thereof.
As a further preferable embodiment of the present invention, the vertical pressure in the step (6) is more than 2 MPa. According to the hot spot nucleation theory and the experimental data in the literature data cited in the background technology of the present specification, it is shown that: the compression strength of the foam pores is about 1.5MPa when no talcum powder is added, and the maximum compression strength of the foam pores is 2.06MPa when 1.0 part of talcum powder is added. That is, when 0.15 to 0.35 parts by weight of talc is added, the compressive strength of the cells does not exceed 2 MPa. Therefore, when the vertical pressure in step (6) is greater than 2MPa, it can be ensured that the cells of the transitional foamed sheet are all broken.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the production process of the polystyrene foaming plate with ultralow foaming rate reduces the using amount of the talcum powder to 0.15-0.35 part by weight, and then extrudes the talcum powder into 3L-5L (L is the target thickness) with micron-sized cell diameter and 10-sized cell density4~105Per cm3The transition foaming board is pressed to the polystyrene foaming board with the thickness of L by applying vertical pressure to the transition foaming board through the pressing plate, so that the polystyrene foaming boardThe material has stronger toughness, and the application range of the polystyrene foaming plate is improved.
Detailed Description
Example one
A production process of a polystyrene foaming plate with ultralow foaming rate comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing polystyrene and talcum powder to form a mixture to be foamed, wherein each 100 parts by weight of the mixture to be foamed contains 0.2 part by weight of talcum powder;
(2) adding the mixture to be foamed mixed in the step (1) into an extrusion foaming machine, and then filling butane gas into the extrusion foaming machine for foaming;
(3) the extrusion foaming machine extrudes the foam with the thickness of 3L, the diameter of the extruded foam is micron-sized, the density of the extruded foam is 104Per cm3The transition foamed sheet of (1), wherein L is a target thickness;
(4) cooling and shaping the transition foaming plate;
(5) cutting the transitional foamed sheet with the set thickness according to a preset size;
(6) and flatly placing a pressing plate with the size larger than or equal to the preset size on the surface of the cut transition foaming plate, applying 2MPa of vertical pressure to the transition foaming plate through the pressing plate, and pressing the transition foaming plate with the thickness of 3L to the thickness of L to form the polystyrene foaming plate.
Example two
A production process of a polystyrene foaming plate with ultralow foaming rate comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing polystyrene and talcum powder to form a mixture to be foamed, wherein each 100 parts by weight of the mixture to be foamed contains 0.15 part by weight of talcum powder;
(2) adding the mixture to be foamed mixed in the step (1) into an extrusion foaming machine, and then filling butane gas into the extrusion foaming machine for foaming;
(3) the extrusion foaming machine extrudes the foam with the thickness of 4L, the diameter of the extruded foam is micron-sized, the density of the extruded foam is 104Per cm3The transition foamed sheet of (1), wherein L is a target thickness;
(4) cooling and shaping the transition foaming plate;
(5) cutting the transitional foamed sheet with the set thickness according to a preset size;
(6) and flatly placing a pressing plate with the size larger than or equal to the preset size on the surface of the cut transition foaming plate, applying 2MPa of vertical pressure to the transition foaming plate through the pressing plate, and pressing the transition foaming plate with the thickness of 4L to the thickness of L to form the polystyrene foaming plate.
EXAMPLE III
A production process of a polystyrene foaming plate with ultralow foaming rate comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing polystyrene and talcum powder to form a mixture to be foamed, wherein each 100 parts by weight of the mixture to be foamed contains 0.35 part by weight of talcum powder;
(2) adding the mixture to be foamed mixed in the step (1) into an extrusion foaming machine, and then filling butane gas into the extrusion foaming machine for foaming;
(3) the extrusion foaming machine extrudes the foam with the thickness of 4L, the diameter of the extruded foam is micron-sized, the density of the extruded foam is 105Per cm3The transition foamed sheet of (1), wherein L is a target thickness;
(4) cooling and shaping the transition foaming plate;
(5) cutting the transitional foamed sheet with the set thickness according to a preset size;
(6) and flatly placing a pressing plate with the size larger than or equal to the preset size on the surface of the cut transition foaming plate, applying 2MPa of vertical pressure to the transition foaming plate through the pressing plate, and pressing the transition foaming plate with the thickness of 4L to the thickness of L to form the polystyrene foaming plate.
Example four
A production process of a polystyrene foaming plate with ultralow foaming rate comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing polystyrene and talcum powder to form a mixture to be foamed, wherein each 100 parts by weight of the mixture to be foamed contains 0.35 part by weight of talcum powder;
(2) adding the mixture to be foamed mixed in the step (1) into an extrusion foaming machine, and then filling butane gas into the extrusion foaming machine for foaming;
(3) the extrusion foaming machine extrudes the foam with the thickness of 5L, the diameter of the extruded foam is micron-sized, the density of the extruded foam is 104Per cm3The transition foamed sheet of (1), wherein L is a target thickness;
(4) cooling and shaping the transition foaming plate;
(5) cutting the transitional foamed sheet with the set thickness according to a preset size;
(6) and flatly placing a pressing plate with the size larger than or equal to the preset size on the surface of the cut transition foaming plate, applying 2.5MPa of vertical pressure to the transition foaming plate through the pressing plate, and pressing the transition foaming plate with the thickness of 4L to the thickness of L to form the polystyrene foaming plate.
EXAMPLE five
A production process of a polystyrene foaming plate with ultralow foaming rate comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing polystyrene and talcum powder to form a mixture to be foamed, wherein each 100 parts by weight of the mixture to be foamed contains 0.2 part by weight of talcum powder;
(2) adding the mixture to be foamed mixed in the step (1) into an extrusion foaming machine, and then filling butane gas into the extrusion foaming machine for foaming;
(3) the extrusion foaming machine extrudes the foam with the thickness of 4L, the diameter of the extruded foam is micron-sized, the density of the extruded foam is 105Per cm3The transition foamed sheet of (1), wherein L is a target thickness;
(4) cooling and shaping the transition foaming plate;
(5) cutting the transitional foamed sheet with the set thickness according to a preset size;
(6) and flatly placing a pressing plate with the size larger than or equal to the preset size on the surface of the cut transition foaming plate, applying 2MPa of vertical pressure to the transition foaming plate through the pressing plate, and pressing the transition foaming plate with the thickness of 4L to the thickness of L to form the polystyrene foaming plate.
In step (2) of each of the above examples, the extrusion foaming machine used was an existing machine currently on the market.
In step (6) of the above embodiments, a suitable driving device or driving mechanism for driving the pressing plate to press down may be selected according to specific production requirements. For stability, a driving mechanism with a motor matching with the synchronous pulley is usually selected.
The polystyrene foamed sheet prepared in the first to fifth embodiments has the characteristics of micron-sized diameter of the cells, negligible difference in cell density, small pore diameter, light weight, high toughness and the like, and can be used as a pressure-sensitive sheet material for packaging and filling bottle openings after film lamination.
In addition, it should be noted that the names of the parts and the like of the embodiments described in the present specification may be different, and the equivalent or simple change of the structure, the characteristics and the principle described in the present patent idea is included in the protection scope of the present patent. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (3)
1. A production process of a polystyrene foaming plate with ultralow foaming rate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing polystyrene and talcum powder to form a mixture to be foamed, wherein each 100 parts by weight of the mixture to be foamed contains 0.15-0.35 part by weight of talcum powder;
(2) adding the mixture to be foamed mixed in the step (1) into an extrusion foaming machine, and then filling butane gas into the extrusion foaming machine for foaming;
(3) the diameter of an extrusion foam hole of the extrusion foaming machine is micron-sized according to the thickness of 3L-5L, and the density of the extrusion foam hole is 104~105Per cm3The transition foamed sheet of (1), wherein L is a target thickness;
(4) cooling and shaping the transition foaming plate;
(5) cutting the transitional foamed sheet with the set thickness according to a preset size;
(6) and flatly placing a pressing plate with the size larger than or equal to the preset size on the surface of the cut transition foaming plate, applying vertical pressure to the transition foaming plate through the pressing plate, and pressing the transition foaming plate with the thickness of 3L-5L to the polystyrene foaming plate with the thickness of L.
2. The production process of the polystyrene foamed sheet with ultralow foaming rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the production process comprises the following steps: the mixture to be foamed in the step (1) contains 0.2 part by weight of talcum powder per 100 parts by weight.
3. The process for producing a polystyrene foamed sheet with an ultralow foaming ratio according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the vertical pressure in the step (6) is more than 2 MPa.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114456431A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-05-10 | 奎屯凯达节能新材料科技有限责任公司 | Freeze-thaw cycle resistant polystyrene extruded foam thermal insulation material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104877245A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2015-09-02 | 华南理工大学 | Method for preparing rubber-toughened PS foam material through extrusion of supercritical fluid |
| CN108559194A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-09-21 | 佛山市高明区创奇装饰材料有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of high-toughness polystyrene foamed board |
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2021
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| JP2002144409A (en) * | 2000-11-16 | 2002-05-21 | Jsp Corp | Extruded foam sheet of polystyrene resin and manufacturing method therefor |
| TW565500B (en) * | 2002-03-19 | 2003-12-11 | Well Entpr Co Ltd H | Method for continuous extrusion of polystyrene foam and composite forming device thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114456431A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-05-10 | 奎屯凯达节能新材料科技有限责任公司 | Freeze-thaw cycle resistant polystyrene extruded foam thermal insulation material and preparation method thereof |
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